KG881的抗炎作用

福氏完全佐剂致炎后ｄ１９～ｄ２３ｉｇ给药，ＫＧ８８１１０、２０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１在给药后ｄ７均显著降低佐剂性关节炎（ＡＡ）大鼠非致炎侧的足肿胀度，病理组织学检查发现，ＫＧ８８１１０、２０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１使ＡＡ大鼠非致炎侧踝关节的水肿和炎细胞浸润明显减轻。用角叉菜胶诱发大鼠足爪肿胀，致炎前９０ｍｉｎｉｇ给药，ＫＧ８８１５、１０、２０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１均显著抑制大鼠的足爪肿胀。这些结果表明，ＫＧ８８１有抗炎作用。     

KG881对佐剂性关节炎大鼠免疫功能的影响

ＫＧ８８１是一种口服含金抗类风湿性关节炎新药，福氏完全佐剂致炎后ｄ１９ｉｇ给药（含金量５、１０、２０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１），连续７ｄ，对佐剂性关节炎（ＡＡ）大鼠免疫功能有明显的抑制作用：降低刀豆素Ａ（ＣｏｎＡ）及脂多糖（ＬＰＳ）诱导的ＡＡ大鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖反应；抑制ＬＰＳ诱导的ＡＡ大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞产生的白细胞介素１。此抑制作用有剂量依赖性。     

左旋门冬氨酸钙对小鼠迟发型变态反应和大鼠皮肤炎症性渗出的影响

运用小鼠迟发型变态反应（ＤＴＨ）模型和组织胺（Ｈ）、５－羟色胺（５－ＨＴ）诱发大鼠皮肤炎症性渗出的方法，观察了左旋门冬氨酸钙（Ｌ－Ｃａ－Ａｓｐ）对小鼠耳肿胀和大鼠皮肤炎症反应的影响，并与葡萄糖酸钙（Ｃａ－Ｇｌｕ）作比较。结果表明，Ｌ－Ｃａ－Ａｓｐｉｐ１６５ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１和３３０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１对小鼠ＤＴＨ有明显的抑制作用；Ｌ－Ｃａ－Ａｓｐｉｐ２５０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１和５００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１对Ｈ、５－ＨＴ分别诱导的大鼠皮肤炎症性渗出亦有较明显的抑制作用，其抑制效应不亚于Ｃａ－Ｇｌｕ，提示Ｌ－Ｃａ－Ａｓｐ对动物过敏和（或）炎症反应具有一定的抑制作用。     

黄芪总甙对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

采用化学药物引起急性肝损伤，观察黄芪总甙（ＴＧＡ）对小鼠肝脏的保护作用。实验结果表明，ＴＧＡ（４０、８０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１，ｉｇ×１０ｄ）可对抗四氯化碳（ＣＣｌ４，０．１％花生油溶液，１０ｍｌ·ｋｇ－１，ｉｐ）和醋氨酚（ＡＡｐ，２５０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１，ｉｇ）引起的小鼠血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶的升高，并对ＣＣｌ４和ＡＡＰ所致小鼠肝脏病理损伤有一定的保护作用。     

芦丁的镇痛作用

对芦丁的镇痛作用进行了实验研究，发现芦丁（６．２５～１００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｉｐ）可剂量依赖性抑制小鼠扭体反应，芦丁（５０～１００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１，ｉｐ）明显提高小鼠电嘶叫刺激阈值，显著延长小鼠热板舔足反应潜伏期。上述结果表明芦丁有镇痛作用，其镇痛作用比阿斯匹林强但弱于吗啡。     

番红花提取物对异丙肾上腺素诱发大鼠心肌损伤的保护作用

番红花提取物（１００、２００ｍｇ·ｋｇ（－１），ｉｐ）可明显抑制ＩＳＯ（４ｍｇ·ｋｇ（－１），ｓｃ）所致大鼠急性实验心电图Ｊ点的位移（升高或降低）。番红花提取物（１００、２００ｍｇ·ｋｇ（－１）·ｄ（－１）×２ｄ，ｉｐ）可显著减少ＩＳ０（４ｍｇ·ｋｇ（－１）·ｄ（－１）×２ｄ，ｓｃ）所致Ｔ波双相或倒置以及Ｑ波的出现，并能明显改善ＩＳＯ所致心肌病理改变。提示番红花提取物对异丙肾上腺素诱发的心肌损伤具有良好的保护作用。     

螺旋藻多糖对小鼠巨噬细胞及K细胞ADCC活性的影响

Ｃ（５７）ＢＬ／６Ｊ小鼠腹腔注射ＰＳＰ１００ｍｇ·ｋｇ（－１），连续１２ｄ，可明显促进小鼠Ｋ细胞ＡＤＣＣ活性，ＰＳＰ组Ｋ细胞毒指数（ＣＩ）比对照组升高５４．７％。在５ｍｇ／Ｌ～３２０ｍｇ／Ｌ浓度范围内，ＰＳＰ可促进体外培养的Ｃ（５７）ＢＬ／６Ｊ小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞ＡＤＣＣ活性，最适浓度为８０ｍｇ／Ｌ其ＣＩ值为对照孔的５．１４倍。     

卡芬尼对黄疸大鼠淋巴细胞及肝功能的影响

采用胆总管结扎，丝裂原诱导的脾细胞（３Ｈ）－ＴｄＲ掺入及血生化指标检测等方法，观察卡芬尼（ＣＣＡ）对病理状态下淋巴细胞及肝细胞功能的影响。结果发现；大鼠胆总管结扎后血清总胆红素升高（转氨酶正常）；电镜下肝细胞线粒体明显肿胀；ＣｏｎＡ诱导的脾淋巴细胞增殖反应和白细胞介素２的生成均降低；ＣＣＡ（５０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１×７ｄ，ｉｇ）对上述Ｔ淋巴细胞的功能改变有拮抗作用，对血清总胆红素的升高有部分抑制作用，对肝细胞线粒体肿胀有明显抑制作用。提示ＣＣＡ对胆总管结扎引起的肝损伤有一定的治疗作用，对阻塞性黄疸引起大鼠Ｔ细胞功能的低下有上调作用。     

芍药甙和去芍药甙白芍总甙对佐剂性关节炎大鼠脾淋巴细胞产生白介素2的影响

用亚适量刀豆素Ａ（３ｍｇ·Ｌ－１）诱导佐剂性关节炎（ＡＡ）大鼠脾淋巴细胞产生白介素２（ＩＬ－２）。福氏完全佐剂致炎后ｄ１８，ＡＡ大鼠脾淋巴细胞产生ＩＬ－２显著低于正常对照大鼠，芍药甙（ＰＦ）、去芍药甙白芍总甙（ＴＧＰＲＰＦ）和白芍总甙（ＴＧＰ）促进ＡＡ大鼠脾淋巴细胞产生ＩＬ－２，其量效曲线均呈钟罩形，３种受试物显著促进作用的浓度范围为：ＰＦ２．５～１２．５ｍｇ·Ｌ－１，ＴＧＰＲＰＦ１２．５～６２．５ｍｇ·Ｌ－１，ＴＧＰ２．５～６２．５ｍｇ·Ｌ－１。这些结果表明：ＰＦ、ＴＧＰＲＰＦ和ＴＧＰ对ＡＡ大鼠脾淋巴细胞产生ＩＬ－２均具有浓度和机能依赖性的调节作用     

维拉帕米和卡托普利对L－甲状腺素诱发的大鼠心肌肥厚及左心室质膜Na~＋、K~＋

维拉帕米和卡托普利对Ｌ－甲状腺素诱发的大鼠心肌肥厚及左心室质膜Ｎａ~＋、Ｋ~＋－ＡＴＰ酶活力升高的影响陈丁丁，戴德哉，王彩霞．中国药理学与毒理学杂志，１９９５，９（４）：２６５ｐｏＬ－甲状腺素４ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１×７ｄ诱发大鼠心肌肥厚及左心室质膜Ｎａ＋，Ｋ...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.