神经元特异性烯醇化酶检测对颅脑损伤诊断分型及判断预后的临床意义

目的：探讨急性颅脑损伤患者检测血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶（neuron-specific enolase,NSE）的含量及动态变化,对颅脑损伤的诊断分型、评估伤情和判断预后的临床价值.方法：采用放射免疫法,对185例急性颅脑损伤患者（观察组）及50名健康体检人群（对照组）血清NSE水平进行检测.分别于颅脑损伤后1、3、7、10sd NSE水平进行动态检测和观察.结果：观察组颅脑损伤后1 d血清NSE水平均显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）,与格拉斯哥昏迷评分呈负相关关系（P＜0.05）;动态检测血清NSE水平显示重型颅脑损伤患者虽经积极救治,血清NSE水平均持续高于中型颅脑损伤患者（P〈0.01）.结论：检测患者颅脑损伤后血清NSE水平可以直接反映脑细胞损害程度,是一项较为敏感的生化指标,特别是动态检测血清NSE水平对判断颅脑损伤后伤情评估、疗效观察及预后具有一定的临床意义.     

Flotrac／Vigileo 指导的目标导向液体治疗在肾移植术中的应用

目的：探讨Flotrac／Vigileo指导的目标导向液体治疗在肾移植术中的应用效果。方法行肾移植患者40例,随机分为A、B两组,其中A组为Flotrac／Vigileo指导,B组为常规中心静脉压（ CVP）指导。记录患者术前（T0）、肾动脉开放时（T1）两组平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）、CVP、心输出指数（CI）、每搏变异度（SVV）,统计患者术中出入量;监测患者术前、手术结束时的乳酸,采集静脉血标本测定患者术前及术后3d的肾功能指标———肌酐。结果肾动脉开放时（T1）A组MAP、CVP、CI高于B组,SVV低于B组（P＜0.05）。术毕乳酸A组低于B组（P＜0.05）。 A、B两组术后肌酐较术前明显改善,术后第2、3天A组肌酐改善优于B组（P＜0.05）。结论在肾移植术中应用Flotrac／Vigileo指导的目标导向液体治疗能显著增加肾的灌注,加速肾功能的恢复。     

脑电双频指数联合神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白监测对重型颅脑损伤患者预后的预测价值

目的:分析脑电双频指数(BIS)联合神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)监测对重型颅脑损伤患者预后的预测价值。方法:选取重型颅脑损伤患者160例为研究对象。所有患者均在入院后第1、3、5、7天监测BIS,同时抽取患者空腹静脉血检测血清GFAP水平。所有患者均给予手术治疗,术后6个月对所有患者进行随访,并按照格拉斯哥昏迷量表(GCS)评分将患者分为预后良好组(GOS评分≥4分)和预后不良组(GOS评分≤3分)。比较两组患者BIS及血清GFAP水平动态变化趋势。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析BIS、GFAP单项及联合对重型颅脑损伤患者预后的预测价值。结果:两组患者入院后第1、3、5、7天血清GFAP及BIS变化趋势比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。在各时间点,预后不良组血清GFAP水平高于预后良好组,BIS低于预后良好组(均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,BIS联合GFAP对重型颅脑损伤患者预后的预测价值高于单项。结论:BIS联合GFAP监测对重型颅脑损伤患者预后具有良好的预测价值。     

血清中CRP和NSE对颅脑损伤患者预后判断的价值

目的 观察急性颅脑损伤患者血清中C反应蛋白（CRP）和神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）的表达特征,关注二者在颅脑损伤中的临床意义,以期为临床工作提供理论帮助。方法 收集90例我院收治的急性颅脑损伤患者作为观察组,选取70例正常成人的血清标本作为对照组,检测两组血清中CRP和NSE的含量,分析二者在不同临床特征的意义及对预后判断的价值。结果 急性颅脑损伤患者血清中CRP和NSE表达升高,重型颅脑损伤中的表达明显高于非重型颅脑损伤患者,死亡组患者的表达明显高于存活组,观察组患者血清中CRP和NSE的表达呈正相关。结论 CRP和NSE在急性颅脑损伤患者的血清中含量升高,联合检测血清中二者的含量对判断患者的病情程度及预后可能有重要价值。     

血清星形胶质源性蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶对颅脑损伤患者病情及预后的评估价值

目的 探讨血清星形胶质源性蛋白（S100β）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）联合检测对颅脑损伤患者病情及预后的评估价值。方法 选取2018年2月—2021年6月齐齐哈尔医学院附属第二医院收治的颅脑损伤患者103例作为研究对象。收集所有患者临床资料,治疗后随访3个月观察其预后情况。比较治疗前不同病情严重程度患者血清S100β、NSE水平及影响患者预后的因素,分析血清S100β、NSE对颅脑损伤患者预后的预测价值。结果 103例颅脑损伤患者中,轻度28例,中度41例,重度34例。轻度组S100β、NSE低于中、重度组（P <0.05）,中度组S100β、NSE低于重度组（P <0.05）。103例颅脑损伤患者中,20例预后不良,83例预后良好。预后不良组格拉斯哥昏迷评分（GCS）低于预后良好组（P <0.05）,APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、颅内压、乳酸、S100β、NSE高于预后良好组（P <0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,GCS评分[■=5.463(95%CI:2.402,12.427)]、乳酸[■=3.846(95%CI:1.691,8...     

PbtO2联合ICP监测对重型颅脑损伤患者预后的影响

目的 探讨脑组织氧分压(PbtO2)联合颅内压(ICP)监测对重型颅脑损伤患者预后的影响.方法 回顾性分析2018年8月至2020年4月本院收治的62例重型颅脑损伤患者的临床资料,将治疗6个月后格拉斯哥预后(GOS)评分≥4分的患者纳入预后良好组(n=46),将治疗6个月后GOS<4分的患者纳入预后不良组(n=16).统计并比较两组PbtO2、ICP平均监测结果,分析PbtO2联合ICP监测结果与重型颅脑损伤患者预后相关性,并绘制患者ROC曲线,评估联合监测对患者预后不良的预测价值.结果 预后不良组PbtO2平均监测结果均低于预后良好组,ICP平均监测结果高于预后良好组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);双变量Pearson相关性检验显示,PbtO2平均监测结果与重型颅脑损伤患者预后评分均呈正相关(r>0,P<0.05),ICP平均监测结果与重型颅脑损伤患者预后评分均呈负相关(r<0,P<0.05);通过绘制患者ROC曲线得知,PbtO2联合ICP检测对重型颅脑损伤患者预后不良的预测AUC为0.904>0.9,预测价值较高.结论 PbtO2平均监测结果与重型颅脑损伤患者预后评分呈正相关,ICP平均监测结果与患者预后评分呈负相关,且两者联合监测对患者预后具有较高预测价值,临床需密切关注患者PbtO2、ICP监测结果变化,及时调整治疗方案,改善预后.     

血清NSE水平与急性颅脑损伤患者预后的相关性

目的 检测血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)在急性颅脑损伤患者中的水平,并探讨NSE与颅脑损伤及其预后之间的相关性.方法 采用ELISA方法测定了98例颅脑损伤患者的血清NSE水平,结合Glasgow昏迷和预后分级进行分析.结果 重型、中型、轻型颅脑损伤患者与对照组比较,血清NSE水平存在显著性差异(P<0.05);预后不良组和恢复良好组的血清NSE水平对比差异明显(P<0.05).结论 血清NSE水平与脑损害的严重程度呈正相关,是较重要的颅脑损伤的预后评估指标之一.     

急性颅脑损伤患者血清NSE和S-100B水平的变化及临床意义

目的:探讨急性颅脑损伤患者血清NSE和S-100B水平变化在伤情判断及预后评估中的作用。方法:选择2010年5月~2012年5月2年间100例急性颅脑损伤患者(GCS≤12)分别于伤后4天、24天、72天、7天时测定NSE和S100的血清浓度,同时以同期体检中心就诊的患者(均无神经系统疾病史)30例作为对照组。颅脑损伤组患者随访6个月后进行GOS评分。结果:100例颅脑损伤患者血清NSE和S100B水平伤后均有升高,与对照组比较有显著性差异(p0.05)。预后不良组与恢复良好组之间比较,伤后血清NSE和S100水平均有升高,差异有显著性(p0.05)。结论:血清NSE和S-100B可以作为早期评估颅脑损伤患者病情及预后的一个有价值的指标。     

急性颅脑损伤患者血清CKMB、cTnI和EKG异常改变的临床意义

目的探讨颅脑损伤患者早期血清肌酸激酶同工酶（CKMB）、肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）和心电图（EKG）异常改变与病情严重程度及早期预后关系。方法选择92例颅脑损伤患者,进行动态格拉斯哥昏迷评分（GCS）,将患者分为重型颅脑损伤组（GCS3～8分,34例）,中型颅脑损伤组（GCS9～12分,19例）和轻型颅脑损伤组（GCS13～15分,39例）;入院24h内、72h、7d和15d抽晨血测定CKMB、cTnI,并行EKG检查;住院治疗2周时进行早期预后评分（GOS）,分为死亡或植物生存组（GOS1～2分,23例）、残疾组（GOS3～4分,18例）和预后良好组（GOS5分,51例）。研究颅脑损伤患者不同发病时间CKMB、cTnI、EKG的异常变化以及发病早期血清CKMB、cTnI和EKG异常与GCS评分和GOS评分的关系。结果急性颅脑损伤患者在发病24h内血清CKMB、cTnI和EKG异常率分别为35.9%、50.0%和51.1%,72h异常率达到高峰,分别为54.5%、55.7%和68.2%,以后逐渐下降。重型颅脑损伤组血清CKMB、cTnI和EKG异常率高于中型和轻型颅脑损伤组（P均〈0.05）,中型颅脑损伤组血清cTnI和EKG异常率高于轻型颅脑损伤组（P均〈0.05）。死亡或植物生存组血清CKMB异常率高于预后良好组和残疾组（P均〈0.05）,cTnI和EKG异常率高于预后良好组（P均〈0.05）;残疾组血清CKMB、cTnI异常率高于预后良好组,差异有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）。结论颅脑损伤患者早期普遍存在血清CKMB、cTnI异常升高和EKG异常,其异常与病情严重程度及预后有关,对颅脑损伤患者早期进行血清CKMB、cTnI监测和EKG检查对判断病情的严重程度和预后有重要的临床意义。     

双侧开颅去骨瓣减压治疗重型颅脑损伤的疗效观察

目的探究双侧开颅去骨瓣减压手术治疗重型颅脑损伤的疗效。方法选取汕尾市海丰县彭湃纪念医院59例重型颅脑损伤患者分为试验组（n=37）和对照组（n=22）,试验组患者行双侧开颅手术治疗,对照组使用单侧开颅手术或保守治疗,术后3月对比2组患者GCS评分以及生存情况。结果试验组患者GCS评分为（10.21±0.89）分,显著高于对照组（6.78±1.64）分（P〈0.05）;试验组预后良好率、死亡率分别为35.2%、21.6%,对照组为18.2%、31.8%,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论双侧开颅去骨瓣减压手术治疗重型颅脑损伤,疗效好于单侧开颅手术,值得临床应用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.