64排螺旋CT在鉴别胃黏液腺癌和非黏液腺癌中的价值

目的探讨64排螺旋CT在鉴别胃黏液腺癌和非黏液腺癌中的价值。方法搜集2006年6月至2007年6月,术前在放射科作64排螺旋CT检查,又经住院手术证实的资料齐全的68例胃癌病例,其中黏液腺癌组18例,非黏液腺癌组50例。回顾性分析2组病例在肿瘤原发部位（近侧/远侧胃壁）、胃壁厚度、病灶大小、肿瘤强化方式（分层/不分层）、强化程度（明显/不明显）、浆膜侵犯等方面的差异。结果94%的胃黏液腺癌病例胃壁明显增厚,主要表现为胃壁中层低密度,而非黏液腺癌胃壁增厚者占72%,主要为较高密度的内层或全胃壁;胃黏液腺癌组中,83%的病例显示分层强化,11%的病例强化明显,而非黏液腺癌组有76%的病例表现单层强化,60%的病例强化明显;胃黏液腺癌比胃非黏液腺癌更容易出现对浆膜的侵犯（89%vs64%）;以上的组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。在肿瘤的原发部位或病灶大小方面,胃黏液腺癌与胃非黏液腺癌的组间没有明显差异。结论64排螺旋CT能够较为准确地观察肿瘤胃壁的增厚、强化分层和瘤体内的黏液低密度区,有利于鉴别胃黏液腺癌和非黏液腺癌。     

特殊形态的胃黏液腺癌一例

胃黏液腺癌是一种少见的胃癌组织学类型, 其大体分型多为隆起型, 内镜发现时多已是进展期, 且病变的活检病理诊断稍困难。本例进展期胃黏液腺癌的内镜下表现形态极为特殊, 呈蜂窝空洞样, 明显不同于常见进展期胃癌形态, 而且病理提示为单纯的黏液腺癌, 未见中高分化胃癌及其他未分化癌组织细胞成分, 同时多次、多部位活检后仍难以明确病理性质。此类病例鲜有文献报道。     

胃镜及CT检查对进展期胃癌手术可切除性的探讨

目的 探讨胃镜结合CT检查对进展期胃癌的术前分期及手术治疗的临床指导意义.方法 对182例进展期胃癌的术前胃镜并CT分期与手术结果进行对比.结果 胃镜活检低(未)分化腺癌和黏液腺癌手术切除率(64.1%)较低,弥漫浸润型胃癌的切除率(6.7%)明显低于肿块型(66.7%)和溃疡型(61.8%);CT分期总准确率为91.21%,CT诊断对胃周脏器受侵和(或)转移的敏感性为72.22%,CT对淋巴结分期的准确率为74.2%,敏感性为74.1%,特异性为74.3%,CT诊断对淋巴结分组比较模糊.结论 胃镜在进展期胃癌定性诊断方面有不可取代的优势,对进展期胃痛的大体分型和活检组织学诊断及治疗方式有指导意义.CT诊断对进展期胃癌的临床分期准确性对周围脏器的侵犯、转移及淋巴结转移的诊断均有很高的价值;CT对手术切除情况的判断优于胃镜检查.术前行CT检查,对手术治疗有重要指导意义.     

不同病理类型进展期胃癌的预后因素分析

目的探讨不同病理类型进展期胃癌患者的临床病理特征及预后因素。方法回顾性分析2011年间在南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院集团宿迁市人民医院行胃癌根治术的98例进展期胃癌患者的临床病理资料,其中胃腺癌53例,胃黏液腺癌30例,胃印戒细胞癌15例,比较不同病理类型进展期胃癌患者的临床病理特征及预后的差异。结果 (1)3种不同病理类型进展期胃癌患者的性别、年龄、神经侵犯及分化程度比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),而其肿瘤直径、肿瘤位置、手术根治类型、区域淋巴结转移、淋巴管癌栓、侵犯深度及p TNM分期比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)单因素分析结果显示,胃腺癌患者的预后与肿瘤直径、肿瘤位置、手术根治类型、区域淋巴结转移、侵犯深度及p TNM分期有关(P0.05),胃黏液腺癌患者的预后与手术根治类型、区域淋巴结转移及p TNM分期有关(P0.05),胃印戒细胞癌患者的预后与区域淋巴结转移、侵犯深度及p TNM分期有关(P0.05)。(3)将与3种不同病理类型进展期胃癌患者预后有关的因素进一步行Cox多因素分析,结果显示,肿瘤位置(P=0.016)、区域淋巴结转移(P=0.042)、侵犯深度(P=0.021)及p TNM分期(P=0.009)是影响胃腺癌患者预后的独立危险因素,区域淋巴结转移是影响胃黏液腺癌患者预后的独立危险因素(P=0.000),肿瘤侵犯深度(P=0.032)及区域淋巴结转移(P=0.002)是影响胃印戒细胞癌患者预后的独立危险因素。(4)随访时间60个月,胃腺癌患者的中位随访时间为32个月,胃黏液腺癌患者为43个月,胃印戒细胞癌患者为23个月,5年累积生存率胃腺癌患者为30.2%,胃黏液腺癌患者为23.3%,胃印戒细胞癌患者为26.7%。三者生存曲线比较差异无统计学(P=0.131)。结论不同病理类型进展期胃癌患者的临床病理特征有一定的差异,从而影响其预后的因素也不同,但是区域淋巴结转移是影响3种不同病理类型进展期胃癌患者的共同预后因素。     

多层螺旋CT对胃癌术前临床分期的评估价值

目的　探讨多层螺旋CT (MSCT )下CT仿真胃镜 (CTVG)、三维 (3D)及轴位显像在胃癌术前评估中的应用价值。方法　对 52例经胃镜活检证实的胃癌患者行MSCT扫描后分别再行CTVG以及基于表面遮盖显像 (SSD)及透明显像 (raysum)的 3D显像和轴位显像 ,并与胃镜及手术病理结果对比。结果　CTVG ,3D显像及轴位显像对胃癌原发灶的检出率分别为 98.1 % ,96 .2 %和 96 .2 %。CTVG结合 3D显像 ,胃镜和轴位显像对进展期胃癌大体分型的判断准确率分别为 92 .5 % ,82 .5 %和 75 .0 % ,CTVG结合 3D显像显著高于轴位显像 (P <0 .0 5)。而MSCT轴位显像对胃癌术前T ,N ,M和TNM临床分期的准确率分别为 82 .7% ,79.5 % ,96 .2 %和 79.2 %。结论　MSCT下CTVG ,3D显像和轴位显像对胃癌术前分期有较大的临床应用价值     

CT联合正电子发射计算机断层成像术对结直肠黏液腺癌与非黏液腺癌的鉴别诊断

目的探讨联合应用cT和正电子发射计算机断层成像术（PET—CT）对结直肠黏液腺癌与非黏液腺癌的鉴别诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2012年12月间中山大学附属第一医院收治、且接受CT和PET．CT检查的37例结直肠黏液腺癌与50例结直肠非黏液腺癌患者的临床和影像学资料。比较两者在CT和PET-CT表现上的差异。结果CT检查示,在肿瘤实质的平扫密度、增强后密度和强化程度上．黏液腺癌组明显低于非黏液腺癌组,差异具有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）;肿瘤低密度区的强化程度、低密度区面积占总病灶面积的比例、淋巴结转移及远处转移比例,黏液腺癌组均明显高于非黏液腺癌组（均P〈0．05）。PET—CT检查示,黏液腺癌组的最大SUV值明显小于非黏液性腺癌组[（8．64±4．34）Bq／L比（12．38±5．96）Bq／L,P=0．015]。结论联合PET—CT与传统cT两种检查手段,可对结直肠黏液腺癌与非黏液腺癌进行有效的鉴别诊断。     

64排螺旋CT扫描术前诊断胃癌的临床应用价值

目的探讨64排螺旋CT扫描对术前诊断胃癌的临床应用价值。方法对2013年8月至2015年8月期间我院28例经病理证实的胃癌患者的64排螺旋CT表现进行回顾性分析,全部患者均行上腹部平扫+增强三期扫描,观察其64排螺旋CT影像学表现。结果本组28例胃癌患者均经病理证实。所有病例均出现动脉期异常强化,表现胃壁不规则增厚21例(75.0%),局部软组织肿块7例(25.0%),其中胃窦部肿瘤12例(42.9%),贲门部肿瘤8例(28.6%),胃体小弯侧肿瘤6例(21.4%),胃体大弯侧肿瘤1例(3.6%),胃壁广泛性病变1例(3.6%)。周围及后腹膜淋巴结转移11例(39.3%),肝转移2例(7.1%),门静脉癌栓1例(3.6%)。结论 64排螺旋CT可显示胃癌肿块大小、形态、肿瘤与周围组织的关系及淋巴结转移情况,对胃癌的术前分期评估及治疗方法的选择具有重要意义。     

螺旋CT三期增强扫描对胃癌的诊断价值

目的 :总结 3 0例进展期胃癌的螺旋CT强化特征 ,评价口服水后行螺旋CT三期增强扫描对胃癌分期及大体分型的诊断价值。方法 :对 3 0例进展期胃癌患者行口服水螺旋CT三期增强扫描 ,并与术后病理对照。结果 :① 3 0例胃癌中 ,2 1例以门静脉强化强度为主 ,与动脉期比较有显著性差异。②螺旋CT对胃癌分型总的准确率为 83 %。③螺旋CT三期增强扫描对胃癌TNM分期的准确性为 79%。结论 :用螺旋CT对胃癌病例行三期增强扫描 ,其大体分型准确性较高 ,对胃癌术前TNM分期的准确性明显优于普通CT。     

梗阻性黄疸经皮肝穿刺胆道活检与影像学诊断比较研究

目的:比较经皮肝穿刺胆道造影术(PTC)下胆道活检和螺旋CT对梗阻性黄疸的诊断价值.方法:收集2010年3月-2012年12月78例因梗阻性黄疸住院的患者资料,患者均进行PTC活检和螺旋CT诊断,根据外科手术病理活检结果对两种方法进行比较.结果:78例患者中,9例确诊为良性梗阻性黄疸,69例确诊为良性梗阻性黄疸,后者包括胆管上皮源性肿瘤46例,非胆管上皮源性肿瘤23例;PTC活检灵敏度85.51％,特异度66.67％;螺旋CT灵敏度78.26％,特异度77.78％.PTC活检灵敏度高于螺旋CT,特异度低于螺旋CT,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).46例胆管癌患者中,PTC活检阳性43例(93.48％),螺旋CT阳性37例(80.43％),23例非胆管癌患者中,PTC活检阳性19例(82.61％),螺旋CT阳性17例(73.91％);PTC活检灵敏度均高于螺旋CT(P＜0.05),且PTC活检对胆管癌灵敏度高于非胆管癌(P＜0.05),螺旋CT两种病理来源灵敏度差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:PCT活检对不同类型梗阻性黄疸尤其是胆管癌诊断灵敏度均高于螺旋CT,但禁忌证多,临床可酌情选择不同方法辅助诊断.     

进展期胃癌术前CT与手术结果的对比研究

目的探讨CT检查对进展期胃癌手术可切除性的术前评估价值。方法回顾性分析对比93例进展期胃癌的CT表现及手术治疗的相关资料。结果胃底贲门癌23例,胃体部癌59例,胃窦部癌11例。肿瘤肿块最大者直径1.5～11cm。93例胃癌均显示胃壁有不同程度的增厚,部分胃壁有软组织肿块形成,黏膜面有溃疡形成,胃腔及贲门狭窄,贲门管壁增厚,食道下段受累以及周围组织器官侵犯等。CT对进展期胃癌的定位、定性诊断与胃镜活检和/或手术病理符合率高,肿瘤检出率可达100%。手术前判断为可切除组的手术切除率达93.3%;不宜手术切除组病例的不能切除率为75.0%。结论胃癌术前CT诊断具有重要临床意义,CT对肿瘤的可切除性评估有较高的参考价值,值得推广应用。     

Vasopressor hormone response following mesenteric traction during major abdominal surgery

Background : We investigated the vasopressor hormone response following mesenteric traction (MT) with hypotension due to prostacyclin (PGI₂) release in patients undergoing abdominal surgery with a combined general and epidural anesthesia. Methods : In a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study we administered 400 mg ibuprofen (i.v.) in 42 patients scheduled for abdominal surgery. General anesthesia was combined with epidural anesthesia (T4-L1). Before as well as 5, 15, 30, 45, and 90 min after MT we recorded plasma osmolality, hemodynamics and measured 6-keto-PGFlα (stabile metabolite of PGI₂), TXB₂ (stabile metabolite of thromboxane A₂) active renin, and arginine vasopressin (AVP) plasma concentrations by radioimmunoassay. Catecholamine levels were assessed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection. Results : Following MT, arterial hypotension occurred along with a substantial PGI₂ release. This was completely abolished by ibuprofen administration. Although plasma levels of 6-keto-PGF_1α (1133 (708) vs. 60 (3) ng/L, median (median absolute deviation), P=0.0001, placebo vs. ibuprofen) remained significantly elevated, blood pressure was restored within 30 min after MT in the placebo group. At the same point in time plasma concentrations of TXB² (164 (87) vs. 58 (1) ng/L, P=0.0001), epinephrine (46 (33) vs. 14 (6) ng/L, P=0.001), AVP (41 ± (18) vs. 12 (7) ng/L, P=0.0004), and active renin (27 (12) vs. 12 (4) ng/L, P = 0.001) were significantly higher in placebo-treated patients. Conclusion : Under combined general and epidural anesthesia arterial hypotension following MT due to endogenous PGI₂ release is associated with enhanced release of AVP, active renin, epinephrine and thromboxane A₂, presumably contributing to hemodynamic stability within 30 min after MT.     

A Teaspoon Pump for Pumping Blood with High Hydraulic Efficiency and Low Hemolysis Potential

Abstract: Virtually all blood pumps contain some kind of rubbing, sliding, closely moving machinery surfaces that are exposed to the blood being pumped. These valves, internal bearings, magnetic bearing position sensors, and shaft seals cause most of the problems with blood pumps. The original teaspoon pump design prevented the rubbing, sliding machinery surfaces from contacting the blood. However, the hydraulic efficiency was low because the blood was able to "slip around" the rotating impeller so that the blood itself never rotated fast enough to develop adequate pressure. An improved teaspoon blood pump has been designed and tested and has shown acceptable hydraulic performance and low hemolysis potential. The new pump uses a nonrotating "swinging" hose as the pump impeller. The fluid enters the pump through the center of the swinging hose; therefore, there can be no fluid slip between the revolving blood and the revolving impeller. The new pump uses an impeller that is comparable to a flexible garden hose. If the free end of the hose were swung around in a circle like half of a jump rope, the fluid inside the hose would rotate and develop pressure even though the hose impeller itself did not "rotate"; therefore, no rotating shaft seal or internal bearings are required.     

A comparison of the inhibitory effects of four volatile anaesthetics on the metabolism of chlorzoxazone, a substrate for CYP2E1, in rabbits

Background: Halothane inhibits in vitro and in vivo activity of cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 2E1. There are several fluorinated volatile anaesthetics besides halothane, and most of them are defluorinated by CYP2E1. It is unclear whether other fluorinated anaesthetics inhibit the in vivo activity of CYP2E1.
Methods: We compared the inhibitory effects of therapeutic concentrations of four inhalational anaesthetics, halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane, on chlorzoxazone metabolism in rabbits receiving artificial ventilation.
Results: All four inhalational anaesthetics decreased arterial blood pressure and increased plasma chlorzoxazone concentration. However, no significant differences in the plasma chlorzoxazone concentration were found between the four anaesthetics. The estimated chlorzoxazone clearance increased after beginning inhalation with all four agents, but no significant difference in clearance was noted between agents.
Conclusions: At therapeutic concentrations, the in vivo inhibitory effect on chlorzoxazone metabolism was similar for all four inhalational anaesthetics examined, even though their chemical characteristics and extent of hepatic metabolism differ considerably.     

Microspheres Based Detoxification System: A New Method in Convective Blood Purification

Abstract: A variety of protein-bound or hydrophobic substances, accumulating as a result of pathologic conditions such as exogenous or endogenous intoxications, are removed poorly by conventional detoxification methods because of low accessibility (hemodialysis), insufficient adsorption capabilities (hemosorption), low efficiency (peritoneal dialysis), or economic limitations (high-volume plasmapheresis). Combining advantages of existing methods with microspheric technology, a module-based system was designed. Major operating parameters of the latter can be modified to allow for adjustment to individual clinical situations. An extracorporeal blood circuit including a plasmafilter is combined with a secondary high-velocity plasma circuit driven by a centrifugal pump. Different microspheric adsorbers can be combined in one circuit or applied in sequence. Thus, a prolonged treatment can be tailored using specially designed selective adsorber materials. Comparing this system with existing methods (high-flux hemodialysis, molecular adsorbent recycling system), results from our in vitro studies and animal experiments demonstrate the superior efficiency of substance removal.     

Tissue perfusion in relation to cardiac output during continuous positive-pressure ventilation and administration of propranolol or verapamil

Background : Our objective was to determine whether administration of propranolol or verapamil modifies the hemodynamic adaptation to continuous positive-pressure ventilation (CPPV), in particular the regional distribution of cardiac output (CO).
Methods : General hemodynamics and regional blood flows assessed by microsphere technique (15 (μm) were recorded in 16 anesthetized pigs during spontaneous breathing (SB) and CPPV with 8 cm H₂O end-expiratory pressure (CPPV8) before and after intravenous administration of propranolol (0.3 mg · kg⁻¹ followed by 0.15 mg · kg⁻¹ · h⁻¹, n=8) or verapamil (0.1 mg · kg⁻¹ followed by 0.3 mg · kg⁻¹ · h⁻¹, n=8).
Results : CPPV8 depressed CO by 25% without shifts in its relative distribution with the exception of a noteworthy increase in adrenal perfusion. Propranolol increased arterial blood pressure, and due to a fall in heart rate, CO dropped by 25%. The kidneys and, to a lesser extent, the splanchic region and central nervous system received increased fractions of the remaining CO at the expense of skeletal muscle flow. Similar patterns were seen during SB and CPPV8 such that the combination of propranolol and CPPV8 depressed CO by 50%. The circulatory effects of verapamil were less evident but myocardial perfusion tended to increase.
Conclusions : The combination of propranolol or verapamil with CPPV does not result in any specific hemodynamic interaction in anesthetized pigs, except that the combined effect of propranolol and CPPV may severely reduce CO.     

Volatile anaesthetics reduce adhesion of blood platelets under low-flow conditions in the coronary system of isolated guinea pig hearts

Background : Inhibitory effects of volatile anaesthetics on platelet aggregation have been demonstrated in several studies. However, the influence of volatile anaesthetics on intracoronary platelet adhesion has not been elucidated so far.
Methods : Isolated hearts of guinea pigs were perfused with buffer in the absence or presence of volatile anaesthetics (0.5 and 1 MAC) at constant coronary flow rates of 5 ml/min for 25 min, then 1 ml/min for 30 min and again 5 ml/min for 10 min. Before, during and after low-flow perfusion, a bolus of human platelets was applied into the coronary system. To simulate thrombogenic conditions, 0.3 U/ml human thrombin was infused during low-flow perfusion and reperfusion. The number of platelets sequestered to the endothelium was calculated from the difference between coronary in- and output of platelets. The myocardial production of lactate and consumption of pyruvate and coronary perfusion pressure were also determined.
Results : At a flow rate of 5 ml/min only about 3% of the applied platelets did not emerge from the coronary system, in any group. In contrast, 13.1±1.2% (mean±SEM) of infused platelets became adherent in low-flow perfusion in the control group without anaesthetic. The adherence was reduced with each 1 MAC isoflurane (to 6.2±1.2%), sevoflurane (to 4.4±0.9%) or halothane (to 3.2±1.5%) (each P <0.05 vs. control). Volatile anaesthetic, 0.5 MAC, did not inhibit platelet adhesion to a statistically significant extent in any case. Perfusion pressure and metabolic parameters were not statistically different between the control and the hearts exposed to anaesthetics.
Conclusion : Volatile anaesthetics in a concentration of 1 MAC can reduce the adhesion of platelets in the coronary system under reduced flow conditions. This action does not arise from vasodilation or inhibition of ischaemic stress.     

Bariatric Surgery in Some "Central and East-European (former Eastern bloc)"Countries - Current Status and Prediction for the Next Millennium

Background: Obesity is increasing globallly, including in the formerly "Eastern Bloc" countries. Methods: A survey was made of obesity and bariatric surgery. Results: In the 8 East and Central European countries studied, with total population 300 million, roughly 43% of the population was overweight (BMI 25-30), 23% obese (BMI > 30), with about 15 million people morbidly obese (BMI > 40). From 0-10 morbidly obese individuals/100,000/year undergo bariatric surgery. Conclusion: Most countries were found to provide inadequate treatment for obesity.The majority of the morbidly obese are not treated effectively. However, health-care awareness of obesity and bariatric surgeons are slowly increasing.     

Synergistic interaction between the effects of propofol and midazolam with fentanyl on phrenic nerve activity in rabbits

Background: It has been shown that the depressive effects of both propofol and midazolam on consciousness are synergistic with opioids, but the nature of their interactions on other physiological systems, e. g. respiration, has not been fully investigated. The present study examined the effect of propofol and midazolam alone and in combination with fentanyl on phrenic nerve activity (PNA) and whether such interactions are additive or synergistic. Methods: PNA was recorded in 27 anaesthetised and artificially ventilated rabbits. In three groups, propofol, fentanyl and midazolam were administered intravenously in incremental doses to construct dose-response curves for the depressant effects of each one on PNA. In another two groups, the effect of pretreatment with either fentanyl 1 μg · kg^?1 i. v. or midazolam 0.05 mg · kg^?1 i. v. on the effects of propofol and fentanyl respectively on PNA were studied. Results: Propofol and fentanyl caused a dose-dependent depression of PNA with complete abolition at the highest total doses of 16 mg · kg^?1 i. v. and 32 μg · kg^?1 i. v., respectively. In contrast, midazolam in incremental doses to a total of 0.8 mg · kg^?1 reduced mean PNA by 63%, but approximately 12% of PNA remained at a total dose as high as 6.4 mg · kg^?1. The mean ED₅₀s, calculated from dose-response curves, were 5.4 mg · kg^?1, 3.9 μg · kg^?1 and 0.4 mg · kg^?1 for propofol, fentanyl and midazolam, respectively. Initial doses of either fentanyl 1 μg · kg^?1 i. v. or midazolam 0.05 mg · kg^?1 i. v. acted synergistically with subsequent doses of either propofol or fentanyl to abolish PNA at total doses of 8 mg · kg^?1 and 8 μg · kg^?1, respectively. Conclusion: Fentanyl has a synergistic interaction with both propofol and midazolam on PNA and hence potentially on respiration.     

Influence of dopexamine hydrochloride on haemodynamics and regulators of circulation in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery

Background: Catecholaminergic support is often used to improve haemodynamics in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Dopexamine is a synthetic vasoactive catecholamine with beneficial microcirculatory properties. Methods: The influence of perioperative administration of dopexamine on cardiorespiratory data and important regulators of macro- and microcirculation were studied in 30 patients undergoing Whipple pancreaticduodenectomy. The patients received randomized and blinded either 2 μg · kg^?1 · min^?1 of dopexamine (n=15) or placebo (n=15, control group). The infusion was started after induction of anaesthesia and continued until the morning of the first postoperative day. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), vasopressin, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and catecholamine plasma levels were measured from arterial blood samples. Measurements were carried out after induction of anaesthesia, 2 h after onset of surgery, at the end of surgery, 2 h after surgery, and on the morning of the first postoperative day. Results: Cardiac index (CI) increased significantly in the dopexamine group (from 2.61±0.41 to 4.57±0.78 1 · min^?1 · m^?2) and remained elevated until the morning of the first postoperative day. Oxygen delivery index (DO₂I) and oxygen consumption index (VO₂I) were also significantly increased in the dopexamine group (DO₂I: from 416±91 to 717±110 ml/m² · m²; VO₂I: from 98±25 to 157±22 ml/m² · m²), being significantly higher than in the control group. pHi remained stable only in the dopexamine patients, indicating adequate splanchnic perfusion. Vasopressive regulators of circulation increased significantly only in the untreated control patients (vasopressin: from 4.37±1.1 to 35.9±12.1 pg/ml; ET-1: from 2.88±0.91 to 6.91±1.20 pg/ml). Conclusion: Patients undergoing major abdominal surgery may profit from prophylactic perioperative administration of dopexamine hydrochloride in the form of improved haemodynamics and oxygenation as well as beneficial influence on important regulators of organ blood flow.