长链非编码RNA在卵巢癌中的研究进展

长链非编码RNA (lncRNA)是指长度超过200个核苷酸、具有调控基因表达作用的非编码RNA,近年来,因其具有复杂的生物学功能而引起了研究者的广泛关注.目前研究证实,lncRNA与多种肿瘤的发生发展有着密切的关系,可能参与促进或抑制肿瘤的生长和与肿瘤的转移有关.在卵巢癌中,某些lncRNA也被证实可能参与其致病过程.     

恶性肿瘤中MNX1反义RNA 1的作用及机制研究进展

<正>长链非编码RNA (long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)是一类广泛存在于细胞核和细胞质内、长度在200 nt以上、缺少开放阅读框、不参与或很少参与蛋白质编码、主要从蛋白编码基因的反义链及间隔区转录出来的RNA^[1-6]。已有大量研究证实,lnc RNA涉及调控多种生物学功能,比如细胞增殖、凋亡及血管生成^[7-9]。表达异常的lnc RNA与诸多肿瘤的发生发展密切相关^[10-11]。     

长链非编码RNA调控乳腺癌发生发展的研究进展

乳腺癌是女性最常见的疾病之一,由于本身的复杂性和异质性,使其仍然是公共卫生领域的一大难题。近几年来随着技术的发展,长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）受到了广泛的关注。大量研究表明,长链非编码RNA由于其关键的生物调控功能,在肿瘤的发生、发展中发挥着重要作用。尽管长链非编码RNA的具体分子机制尚未完全明确,但最近的研究表明,许多长链非编码RNA在多种肿瘤中表达异常,其中包括乳腺癌。本文主要对长链非编码RNA与乳腺癌的最新研究进行了综述,并进一步探索长链非编码RNA在影响乳腺癌增殖、凋亡、侵袭、转移中的分子机制。     

间充质干细胞相关长链非编码RNA对细胞增殖和凋亡的作用及机制

背景:间充质干细胞已广泛用于医学再生领域,如何提高其应用疗效是目前的研究热点。长链非编码RNA参与了多种疾病的发生发展,有研究表明间充质干细胞相关长链非编码RNA参与调控细胞增殖和凋亡,但其具体的作用及机制尚不清楚,了解其作用及机制可能为提高间充质干细胞的应用效果提供新的策略。目的:综述间充质干细胞相关长链非编码RNA在细胞增殖和凋亡中的作用及机制。方法:检索中国知网数据库、PubMed数据库,以"间充质干细胞,长非编码RNA,增殖,凋亡"为中文检索词,以"mesenchymal stem cells,long non-coding RNA,proliferation,apoptosis"为英文检索词进行检索,排除陈旧以及重复的观点,将检索到的文献进行整理,选取74篇文章进行综述。结果与结论:(1)长链非编码RNA参与调控间充质干细胞的增殖与凋亡;(2)间充质干细胞相关长链非编码RNA可调控宿主细胞的增殖与凋亡;(3)长链非编码RNA的作用机制主要有作为微小RNA的竞争性内源性RNA、直接影响关键转录因子、增强相关信号通路;(4)间充质干细胞相关长链非编码RNA可能成为提高间充质干细胞...     

长链非编码RNA LOXL1-AS1在人类恶性肿瘤中的作用及其分子调控机制

长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)广泛参与生物体的各种生理与病理过程。lncRNA作为肿瘤致癌因子或抑癌因子参与恶性肿瘤的多种生物过程，与恶性肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关。赖氨酰氧化酶样蛋白1-反义RNA1(LOXL1-AS1)是近年来发现的一种lncRNA,其在多种恶性肿瘤中表达上调，并与肿瘤大小、TNM分期、淋巴结转移、患者预后等病理特征相关。LOXL1-AS1通过与多种微小RNA竞争性结合，调节下游靶基因的表达及调控相关信号通路发挥促癌作用。该文通过总结LOXL1-AS1参与多种人类恶性肿瘤的生物学过程，不同的分子调控机制影响肿瘤细胞增殖、转移、侵袭和凋亡等恶性生物学行为，探讨潜在的临床意义和应用前景，以期为恶性肿瘤的临床诊断、治疗和筛选预后标志物提供理论基础和参考依据。     

基于生物学信息分析及推测PCGEM1在前列腺癌中的表达分子调控网络

非编码 RNA,包括以 miRNA、siRNA 和 piRNA 等为代表的短小 RNA 和长链非编码 RNA（long non-coding RNA,lncRNA）。长链非编码 RNA,有别于其他小分子非编码 RNA,是目前非编码 RNA 研究的热点。随着研究的不断推进,人们发现 lncRNA 与物种进化、胚胎发育、物质代谢以及肿瘤发生等都有着密切的联系[1]。miRNA 是一类长度为21~25个核苷酸（nt）的单链 RNA,属于非编码蛋白 RNA,广泛存在于生物界,miRNA 调节人类1/3基因的表达,miRNA 是一类新发现的基因调节剂,可以在转录水平或转录后水平调节基因的表达,在肿瘤的发生与发展中扮演着“癌基因”与“抑癌基因”的角色[2]。前列腺癌基因表达标记1（prostate cancer gene expression marker 1, PCGEM1）全长1643 nt,在前列腺组织及前列腺癌组织中呈特异表达的长链非编码 RNA,但其表达调控网络目前未知[3],本文旨在运用生物学软件对其进行生物学信息分析,为下一步实验验证其表达分子调控网络机制提供线索。     

单倍体造血干细胞移植后肠道急性移植物抗宿主病的发病机制

背景:肠道急性移植物抗宿主病是异基因造血干细胞移植后最常见的危及生命的并发症之一,由供体免疫活性T细胞攻击健康受体组织导致,目前治疗方案效果不佳。长链非编码RNA参与免疫反应等多种生物学过程,但在肠道急性移植物抗宿主病中的作用尚不清楚,有待进一步研究。目的:构建肠道急性移植物抗宿主病差异长链非编码RNA和m RNA表达谱,预测其可能的作用及机制。方法:采集4例单倍体造血干细胞移植后肠道急性移植物抗宿主病患者和4名健康志愿者的外周血单个核细胞进行高通量测序,并对差异mRNA进行GO和KEGG富集分析。根据基因表达信号值的动态变化,构建差异长链非编码RNA-mRNA共表达网络,基于长链非编码RNA对下游靶基因不同的调节机制,分别预测其通过顺式或反式调控及经由竞争性内源RNA机制调控的靶基因,使用Cytoscape构建基因互作网络,通过对靶基因的功能分析预测差异长链非编码RNA可能的作用及相关机制。结果与结论:肠道急性移植物抗宿主病患者的外周血单个核细胞中有1 311个长链非编码RNA和3 283个mRNA差异表达,GO和KEGG结果提示这些差异mRNA主要富集在白细胞介素18、白细胞介素1...     

长链非编码RNA CCAT2在肿瘤中的研究进展

长链非编码RNA(LncRNA)是继微小RNA(miRNA)之后非编码RNA(ncRNA)研究的热点.LncRNA在基因组中普遍转录,由于其在转录调控、转录后调控和表观遗传调控中的不同功能,使其正在成为肿瘤发生研究的新热点.结肠癌-相关转录本2(CCAT2)作为一种长链非编码RNA首先在大肠癌中被发现并命名,后被证实在其他多种肿瘤如乳腺癌、卵巢癌、胃癌、非小细胞肺癌、子宫颈癌、食管鳞状细胞癌的发生发展中存在异常表达,说明C C A T 2可以作为肿瘤标记物广泛应用.     

Carboplatin-docetaxel-induced activity against ovarian cancer is dependent on up-regulated lncRNA PVT1

Ovarian cancer is the fourth most ordinary cause of cancer-related deaths in women. In recent, combination chemotherapy with carboplatin and docetaxel was developed as first-line drug to treat ovarian carcinoma. However, the detailed molecular mechanism, which accounts for the cells to apoptosis induced by administration of carboplatin and docetaxel, was unrecognized. In present study, we provide the mechanistic link between mixture of carboplatin plus docetaxel and its anticancer activity. Primarily, a majority of 30 cancer-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) showed differential alteration in carboplatin-docetaxel-treated 3AO cells. Among six up-regulating lncRNAs, we screened out carboplatin-docetaxel-induced lncRNA PVT1 which may be a central downstream target of carboplatin plus docetaxel because expression of PVT1 positively correlates with anticancer action of carboplatin plus docetaxel. Besides, p53 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP1) were mediated by lncRNA PVT1, which may explain partially the anticancer activity of lncRNA PVT1. Collectively, we have identified a potential mechanism by which PVT1 regulated by carboplatin plus docetaxel contributes to the carboplatin-docetaxel-induced anticancer action in ovarian cancer. These discoveries also give proof of the potential of PVT1 as significant downstream targets for therapeutic intervention in ovarian cancer.     

牛磺酸上调基因1对肿瘤发生发展的调控作用

<正>基因的失调控(异常表达)是肿瘤发生发展的重要原因(诱因)业已被学术界所公认,而在这一过程中非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,ncRNA)起到了极为重要的调控作用~([1-2])。小RNA(small RNA;包括微小RNA,microRNA,miRNA,miR)和长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)均属于ncRNA~([3-4])。     

Increased expression of the lncRNA PVT1 promotes tumorigenesis in non-small cell lung cancer

Introduction: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the major cause of cancer death worldwide. Increasing evidence shows that long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are widely involved in the development and progression of NSCLC. lncRNA PVT1 in several cancers has been studied, its role in lung cancer remains unknown. Our studies were designed to investigate the expression, biological role and clinical significance of PVT1 in lung cancer. Methods: lncRNA PVT1 expression in 82 NSCLC tissues and 3 lung cancer cell lines was measured by quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Its association with overall survival of patients was analyzed by statistical analysis. RNA interference (RNAi) approaches were used to investigate the biological functions of PVT1. The effect of PVT1 on proliferation was evaluated by MTT, cell migration and invasion ability was evaluated by cell migration and invasion assays. Results: lncRNA PVT1 expression was significantly upregulated in NSCLC tissues and lung cancer cells when compared with corresponding adjacent normal tissues and normal bronchial epithelial cells. Increased PVT1 expression was significantly correlated with histological grade and lymph node metastasis. In addition, NSCLC patients with PVT1 higher expression have shown significantly poorer overall survival than those with lower PVT1 expression. And PVT1 expression was an independent prognostic marker of overall survival in a multivariate analysis. In vitro assays our results indicated that knockdown of PVT1 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Conclusions: Our data indicated that lncRNA PVT1 is significantly upregulated in NSCLC tissues and may represent a new biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC intervention.     

Long non-coding RNA NR_045623 and NR_028291 involved in benzene hematotoxicity in occupationally benzene-exposed workers

Benzene is an established human hematotoxicant and leukemogen. New insights into the pathogenesis of benzene hematotoxicity are urgently needed. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) widely participate in various physiological and pathological processes. It has been shown that lncRNA plays an important role in hematologic malignancy tumorigenesis. However, the expression and biological function of lncRNA during benzene hematotoxicity progress remain largely unknown. An integrated analysis of differentially expressed lncRNA and mRNA was performed to identify genes which were likely to be critical for benzene hematotoxicity through Microarray analysis. Dynamic gene network analysis of the differentially expressed lncRNA and mRNA was constructed and two main lncRNA (NR_045623 and NR_028291) were discovered and two key lncRNA subnets were involved in immune responses, hematopoiesis, B cell receptor signaling pathway and chronic myeloid leukemia. These findings suggested that NR_045623 and NR_028291 might be the key genes associated with benzene hematotoxicity.     

长链非编码RNA MEG3对肿瘤细胞调控作用的研究进展

长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)是一类长度超过200 nt的不编码蛋白的RNA分子。lncRNA最初被认为是转录噪音,在近年的研究中发现越来越多功能性的lncRNA,其重要性才渐渐被阐述。母系表达基因3(materally expressed gene 3,MEG3)是一种由母系印记基因编码的lncRNA,在对其功能的研究中发现MEG3几乎参与了所有的生理和病理过程,其在多种肿瘤中表现出抑制作用。本文就lnc RNA MEG3对肿瘤细胞调控的作用机制作一综述。     

长链非编码RNA调控肿瘤细胞凋亡的研究进展

长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)是一类长度>200个核苷酸、通常不编码蛋白质的RNA。近年研究表明,lncRNA在肿瘤的的发展过程中发挥抑癌或促癌作用,参与细胞增殖、凋亡等过程。本综述简要介绍lncRNA的生物学功能及其调控细胞凋亡的研究进展。