Association of angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphisms with left ventricular hypertrophy.

The angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE) is of much interest as a candidate gene conferring an individual's genetic susceptibility to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). LVH has long been thought to be an end point of essential hypertension (EH), rather than a separate entity, though it is influenced by a unique set of hormonal, vascular and genetic factors. In this study, we attempted to determine whether two representative polymorphisms of the ACE gene, ACE I/D and 2350 G>A, known to be associated with EH and to have a highly significant influence on plasma ACE levels, could implicate ACE as a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for LVH. We carried out a retrospective, case-control study of the two ACE polymorphisms amongst 180 nationals (50 LVH patients and 130 controls) from the United Arab Emirates (Emirati)--an ethnic group characterized by an absence of alcohol intake and cigarette smoking--for putative correlations with LVH. Clinical diagnoses of LVH were based on echocardiographic and ECG criteria. ACE I/D and 2350 G>A genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction digestion. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed an association between ACE polymorphisms and LVH. Haplotype analysis further supported this finding. The ACE I/D and ACE 2350 G>A polymorphisms were in strong linkage disequilibrium and were independently associated with LVH, suggesting that ACE is likely to be a QTL for LVH. In conclusion, This is the first association study of the ACE 2350 G>A polymorphism with LVH; the results showed that this polymorphism, along with ACE I/D, is associated with LVH.     

Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene 2350 G/A polymorphism is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy but not essential hypertension.

The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene (ACE) is one of the most studied candidate genes related to essential hypertension (EH) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). ACE rs4343 synonymous coding polymorphism (2350 G/A) is known among the polymorphisms of this gene to have the most significant effect on plasma ACE concentrations. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of this polymorphism with EH and LVH in 440 subjects (246 EH patients and 194 controls) from a Chinese Han population. In this study, 2350 G/A genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction and restriction digestion in all study participants, and left ventricular mass was assessed by 2-mode echocardiography in 178 untreated EH patients. There was no significant difference in either genotype distribution (p=0.3659) or allele frequency (p=0.1453) between EH and control groups. In addition, the 2350 G/A polymorphism had no effect on blood pressure in either controls or untreated EH patients. The distribution of genotypes differed significantly when patients with LVH were examined, i.e., 14.71% GG, 54.41% GA, and 30.88% AA patients had this complication, and 36.36% GG, 42.73% GA, and 20.91% AA patients did not (p=0.0070). The LVH patients had a higher A allele frequency (58.09%) than patients without LVH (42.27%) (p=0.0037). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the association between the A allele and LVH was independent of age, blood pressure, and body mass index. The relative risk of LVH in patients bearing the A allele (GA+AA group) compared with that of GG hypertensive patients was 3.31 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.43 to 7.68). These findings suggest an association between LVH and the 2350A allele in hypertensive patients.     

ACE I/D and G2350A Polymorphisms in Pakistani Hypertensive Population of Punjab

Several studies in different populations have shown mixed association of hypertension with ACE I/D and G2350A polymorphisms. To assess the link of these two polymorphisms with hypertension in population of Punjab—most populated province of Pakistan—we carried out this retrospective case control study in a mixed sample of 344 hypertensive and normotensive controls. Genotype of the ACE I/D was determined by nested PCR and G2350A. polymorphism was determined by amplification of a small fragment containing SNP and digesting it with the restriction enzyme. Statistical analysis revealed that I/D polymorphism is not associated with hypertension in the Punjabi population χ² (df = 2) = 5.611, P ≤ 0.10. Overall, D allele frequency was 0.43 and I allele frequency was 0.57. The G2350A polymorphism was found to be significantly associated with hypertension χ² (2df, χ² = 28.4, P ≤ 0.001). The G allele frequency (0.77) in our population was higher than previously reported. A combination of the AA and DD genotype seems to be linked with higher than average blood pressure level both in hypertensive and control groups. Our data suggests that the ACE I/D polymorphism is not associated with hypertension but the G2350A polymorphism is associated with hypertension in the Punjabi population.     

Association of ACE gene A2350G and I/D polymorphisms with essential hypertension in the northernmost province of China

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene, as a strong candidate gene for essential hypertension(EH), has been extensively studied. In this study, we carried out a population-based case-control study to explore whether ACE gene I/D and A2350G polymorphisms could consider to be risk factors for EH. A total of 2040 subjeces were recruited from Chinese Han in this study, out of which 1010 were cases and 1030 were normotensive individuals. ACE gene A2350G and I/D polymorphisms were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and A2350G polymorphism was detected after restriction enzyme digestion with BstuI. Besides, we choosed 10% samples randomly sequencing to verify the accuracy of results. Genotype and allele frequencies distribution of I/D and A2350G in EH and control groups were significantly different. After grouped by sex or age, there were still statistical significances for two polymorphisms. In dominant and recessive model of A2350G, we found significant differences between two groups, respectively. For ACE I/D polymorphism, we observed that the existence of dramatical difference in dominant model between two groups, while in recessive model, marginally significant difference was found. Among the four haplotypes composed by ACE gene A2350G and I/D, haplotype G-D reached the statistical significance in two groups, and exhibited to be a risk factor for the development of EH, whose P < 0.001 and OR 95%CI = 1.639(1.435–1.872), while the other haplotypes were the protective factors and decreased the susceptibility to EH(P < 0.05). ACE gene A2350G and I/D polymorphisms were associated with increasing the risk of suffering from EH in the northernmost province of China individuals, with D allele and G allele individuals had a higher risk of EH(OR = 1.443, 95%CI = 1.273–1.636 and OR = 1.481, 95%CI = 1.303–1.684).     

Association between angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and risk of rheumatic heart disease

Scarring and collagen deposition in the valves and destruction of myocytes may result from the combined effects of a smoldering rheumatic process and a constant trauma to the mitral valve or aortic valve by the turbulent flow in rheumatic heart disease (RHD). It has been suggested that angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) may be responsible for the increased valvular fibrosis and calcification in the pathogenesis of RHD. However, the role of ACE genetic variant in RHD has not been studied among the Chinese population in Taiwan. Hence, a case-controlled study was carried out to investigate the possible relationship between the ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D) and G2350A polymorphisms and RHD. A group of 115 patients with RHD documented by echocardiography and 100 age- and sex-matched normal control subjects were studied. ACE gene I/D and G2350A polymorphisms were identified by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction analysis. There was a significant difference in the distribution of ACE I/D genotypes (P = 0.02) and allelic frequencies (P = 0.04) between RHD cases and normal controls. An odds ratio for the risk of RHD associated with the ACE I/D II genotype was 2.12 (95% CI, 1.21-3.71). An odds ratio for the risk of RHD associated with the ACE I allele was 1.50 (95% CI, 1.02-2.21). The ACE G2350A polymorphism showed no association with RHD (P = 0.90). Further categorization of RHD patients into mitral valve disease and combined valve disease subgroups revealed no statistical difference in these gene polymorphisms when compared between the two subgroups. This study shows that patients with RHD have a higher frequency of ACE II genotype and I allele, which supports a role for ACE I/D gene polymorphisms in determining the risk of RHD in Taiwan Chinese.     

高血压伴左心室肥厚患者ACE2350G/A及Chymase基因多态性与心房颤动的关系

目的 研究血管紧张素转换酶基因2350G→A单核苷酸多态性（ACE2350G/A）及胃促胰酶（Chymase）基因多态性在高血压伴左心室肥厚（LVH）人群中心房颤动（房颤）及非房颤患者中的分布,探讨高血压伴LVH患者房颤发生的分子遗传学机制,为房颤的防治提供临床和实验依据.方法 2010年8月至2013年6月泰州市人民医院收治的408例高血压伴LVH住院患者,根据有无房颤分为LVH-房颤组和LVH组,利用聚合酶链反应（PCR）及限制性酶切技术进行检测ACE2350G/A及Chymase基因的CMA/B多态性.结果 LVH-房颤组ACE2350基因G、A等位基因的频率明显高于LVH组（x2=5.503,P=0.019）.ACE2350基因多态性与高血压伴LVH患者房颤相关.CMA/B基因在房颤组与LVH组G、A等位基因频率差异无统计学意义（x2=0.933,P=0.334）,CMA/B基因与高血压伴LVH患者房颤发生无显著相关.与正常人相比,各类型LVH患者的CMA/B基因的GG,AA及G、A等位基因频率差异均有统计学意义.结论 ACE2350基因多态性与高血压伴LVH患者房颤发生相关,AA基因型增加房颤的发生风险,A等位基因为房颤发生的危险基因.CMA/B基因与高血压伴LVH患者房颤发生无显著相关.     

血管紧张素转化酶1基因单倍型与原发性高血压

目的:研究中国人群中血管紧张素转化酶1(ACE1)基因多态性及单倍型与原发性高血压的关系。方法:在298例原发性高血压患者(病例组)与199例血压正常人(对照组)采用PCR后的限制性酶切片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)法或电泳直接检测ACE1基因8个位点多态性,同时用最大期望值(EM)计算法进行2位点连锁不平衡(LD)状态和单倍型类型的估计。结果:ACE1基因多态存在LD(均D'>0.5),8个多态存在于常见的9个单倍体中,其中2种最常见的单倍型为A(A-T-A-T-G-I-A-3)和B(C-C-T-C-A-D-G-2),A和B在每个位点都不相同。单个位点除A-240T外,其余各位点均未见与高血压有关联,单倍型D的频率在病例组中高于对照组。结论:该群体中ACE1基因存在LD,T-240位点可能为原发性高血压易感位点LD。     

广东汉族原发性高血压患者CYP2C9和ACE基因多态性的分布特征

目的:观察沙坦类药物代谢酶细胞色素氧化酶P450 2C9(CYP2C9)基因的多态性和血管紧张素Ⅰ转换酶(angiotension I-coverting enzyme,ACE)基因的多态性在广东汉族原发性高血压(essential hypertension,EH)患者中的分布特征。方法:应用PCR、基因测序及琼脂糖凝胶电泳等方法,对206例EH患者CYP2C9和ACE基因型进行检测分析。结果:广东汉族EH患者中CYP2C9基因的1075位C等位基因的频率为3.2%,广东汉族EH患者中CYP2C9*3等位基因的频率与广东人群相比,无显著性差异;ACE基因D、I等位基因的频率分别为56.3%和43.7%。ACE基因的D等位基因频率显著高于广东及国内其他地区正常人群中的频率(P0.05)。结论:在广东汉族EH患者中,未发现CYP2C9*3等位基因与EH有关,而ACE基因的D等位基因可能和EH有关,同时,对EH患者进行CYP2C9和ACE基因的基因型的检测,可能对临床个体化降压治疗具有一定的指导意义。     

ADD-1基因和GNB3基因多态性与原发性高血压的相关性研究

目的调查ADD-1基因和GNB3基因多态性与深圳地区原发性高血压的关系。方法用病例对照研究。高血压组97例,非高血压组87例。用MS-PCR和PCR-RFLP方法分别检测ADD-1基因G460T基因型及GNB3基因T825C基因型。结果①高血压组和非高血压组ADD-1基因型分别为GG0.237/0.241、GT0.505/0.460、TT0.258/0.299,差异无统计学意义(P=0.787);G等位基因频率为0.490/0.471,差异无统计学意义(P=0.724);②高血压组和非高血压组GNB3基因型分别为TT0.258/0.161、TC0.484/0.529、CC0.258/0.310,差异无统计学意义(P=0.265);T等位基因频率为0.5/0.425,差异无统计学意义(P=0.151);③联合基因分析高血压组TT CC联合基因型者显著少于非高血压组(P=0.043)。结论在深圳地区人群中,未发现ADD-1基因多态及GNB3基因多态与高血压相关,但两基因可能存在协同作用。     

Strong association of a renin intronic dimorphism with essential hypertension.

The objectives of this project were two-fold: to identify the genetic mutation that has been detected as an MboI dimorphism in intron 9 of the human renin (REN) gene and to confirm a previously reported, putative association between the REN MboI dimorphism and clinical diagnosis of essential hypertension (EHT) in a population of Gulf Arabs from the United Arab Emirates. Sequencing of the MboI dimorphic site was carried out on DNA of randomly chosen cases and controls. A retrospective case-control study was carried out in 689 unrelated subjects (326 first-time, clinically diagnosed hypertensives and 363 age- and gender-matched normotensive subjects), selected from the resident population of the Abu Dhabi Emirate. A polymerase chain reaction/MboI-RFLP based method was employed to compare genotype and allele distributions. Nucleotide sequences at the MboI site of the cut and uncut alleles were determined to be GATC and GGTC, respectively. This A>G mutation is located 10,631 base pairs (bp) 3' to the start of the REN gene, and 79 bp 3' to the end of exon 9. The genotype distributions of the REN 10631A>G dimorphism were found to be significantly different between hypertensive and normotensive subjects (x2= 42.29, df=2, p<0.001). Frequencies of A alleles were 0.54 in EHT vs. 0.37 in normotensive subjects, which is even more demarcated than what was found previously. The frequency of AA genotypes was higher in the hypertensive group than in the normotensive group (34.7% vs. 14.0%). The quantification of the association of A alleles with increased risk of EHT was assessed with corresponding odds ratios (OR), which gave the following values: OR of GG vs. AG genotypes, 1.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.90-1.88); OR of GG vs. AA, 3.75 (95% CI: 2.41-5.86). In conclusion, REN 10631A alleles are significantly associated with EHT in the Emirati population. This has now been found in two different and therefore independent sample populations from the Abu Dhabi Emirate. Moreover, this genetic effect seems to be acting in a recessive fashion. Hence, either the REN gene itself, or another gene that is in linkage disequilibrium with REN 10631A>G, is implicated in the pathogenesis of EHT in Emirati.     

血管紧张素转换酶2350G/A及胃促胰酶基因多态性与高血压左心室肥厚的相关研究

目的探讨血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)2350G/A及胃促胰酶基因多态性在高血压伴左心室肥厚(left ventricular hypertrophy,LVH)、高血压人群、健康体检者中的分布,探讨高血压患者LVH发生的分子遗传机制。方法选取高血压住院患者205例,根据有无LVH,分为LVH组105例和原发性高血压组100例;同时选取健康体检者101例作为对照组,利用PCR-RFLP进行检测ACE2350G/A及胃促胰酶基因CMA/B多态性。结果与对照组比较,LVH组ACE2350基因AA基因型(25.7%vs 13.9%)和A等位基因频率(51.4%vs 39.6%)均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各组CMA/B基因G、A等位基因频率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 ACE2350基因多态性与高血压患者LVH发生显著相关,AA基因型增加LVH的发生风险,A等位基因频率为LVH发生的危险基因。CMA/B基因与高血压患者LVH发生无显著相关性。     

Lack of Association of the Renin-angiotensin System Genes Polymorphisms and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Hypertension

Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine if there is an association of different gene polymorphisms of renin-angiotensin system and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients with essential hypertension (EH) in St Petersburg population. Patients and methods: We examined 156 patients (the mean age 49 ±8 years) with mild-to-moderate EH recruited from the general population of the outpatient clinic. Left ventricular mass was measured by echocardiography and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was calculated. Subjects were genotyped for I/D polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene, A1166C polymorphism of renin-of the AT1 receptor gene, M235T polymorphism of angiotensinogen gene and-6G/A polymorphism of its promoter region. Results: Genotype distribution of the sample obeyed Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and was comparable to that reported previously for hypertensive individuals. Groups of patients with II, ID and DD polymorphism of ACE gene did not differ significantly in their LVMI levels. Furthermore, neither ID ACE-gene polymorphism nor AT1-receptor gene and angiotensinogen gene polymorphism was associated with LVH. Additionally, no any significant gene-gene interactions were found to be associated with LVH in the group studied. Conclusions: In the light of these observations it seems reasonable to make a preliminary conclusion about lack of association between LVH and distinct polymorphisms of renin-angiotensin system genes in the population studied.     

血管紧张素转化酶2基因多态性与高血压合并缺血性脑卒中

目的研究血管紧张素转化酶2（angiotention-converting cnzyme 2，ACE2）基因G9570A多态性与中国南方高血压患者发生缺血性脑卒中的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性的方法，检测单纯原发性高血压136例及原发性高血压合并缺血性脑卒中患者139例的ACE2基因．同时测定颈动脉内膜中层厚度及血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ水平，并进行组间对照研究，探讨ACE2基因G9570A多态性与原发性高血压患者中缺血性脑卒中发病的关系。结果原发性高血压合并缺血性脑卒中组A等位基因频率分布高于原发性高血压组（P〈0．05）；两组ACE2基因型分布不同（P〈0．05）；原发性高血压合并缺血性脑卒中组携带A／AA基因者血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ水平高于携带G／GG基因者（P〈0．05）。在男性原发性高血压合并缺血性脑卒中组携带A基因者颈动脉内膜中层厚度高于携带G基因者（P〈0．05）。结论原发性高血压患者中，携带A／AA基因者发生缺血性脑卒中的危险性相对较大．可能与其血管紧张素Ⅱ水平较高有关。     

肾素-血管紧张素系统基因多态性与原发性高血压左心室肥厚关系的探讨

目的　探讨肾素 血管紧张素系统 (RAS)基因多态性与原发性高血压左心室肥厚 (EH LVH)的相关性以及在EH LVH产生中的多基因协同作用。方法　对 10 9例原发性高血压病 (EH)患者 ,采用聚合酶链反应 (PCR)以及聚合酶链反应 限制性片段长度多态性方法检测血液白细胞染色体DNA中血管紧张素转换酶 [ACE(I D) ]、血管紧张素原 [AGT(M2 35T) ]和血管紧张素Ⅱ 1型受体 [AT1 R(A116 6C) ]基因多态性 ;利用超声心动图检测左心室质量 (LVM)并计算左心室质量指数 (LVMI)。结果　ACE(I D)基因多态性D等位基因频率在EH LVH组中明显增高 (χ2 =4 .6 9,P=0 .0 30 ) ,男性EH患者中 ,ACE(I D)基因型构成比与LVH有关联 (χ2 =9.5 5 ,P =0 .0 0 8)。协同存在AGT TT型时 ,ACE(I D)基因多态性与EH LVH有关 (χ2 =6 .2 2 ,P =0 .0 4 4 ) ,且D等位基因在EH LVH明显增高 (χ2 =6 .91,P =0 .0 0 9) ,该类EH患者发生LVH的相对危险度增高 (OR :2 .5 0 ,95 %CI:1.2 5～ 5 .0 0 )。结论　ACE(I D)基因多态性D等位基因可能是LVH的独立危险因子。ACE基因多态性与AGT基因多态性之间的协同效应表明 ,同时携带AGT TT型时 ,具有ACE(I D)基因多态性D等位基因的EH患者更易发生LVH。     

血管紧张素转换酶2基因多态性与原发性高血压合并脑卒中的关系

目的研究血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2）基因G9570A多态性与我国南方汉族人原发性高血压合并脑卒中的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）的方法，检测156例原发性高血压患者，158例原发性高血压合并脑卒中患者及169例健康人群的ACE2基因，并进行组间对照研究，推测ACE2基因G9570A多态性与原发性高血压合并脑卒中发病的相关性。结果男性和女性原发性高血压组G等位基因频率分别为69．8％、57．1％，高于对照组的55．0％、44．2％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；两组ACE2基因型分布不同，原发性高血压组GG基因型的频率为32．8％，高于对照组的15．9％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。男性和女性原发性高血压合并脑卒中组A等位基因频率分别为57．3％、62．3％，高于原发性高血压组的30．2％、42．9％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；两组ACE2基因型分布不同，原发性高血压合并脑卒中组AA基因型的频率为37．7％，高于原发性高血压组的18．6％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论ACE2基因G9570A多态性与我国南方汉族人原发性高血压合并脑卒中可能具有一定相关性。携带A／AA基因的人群发生原发性高血压合并脑卒中的危险性相对较大。     

血管紧张素转化酶2基因多态性与原发性高血压的关系

目的研究血管紧张素转化酶2基因（ACE2-G8790A）单核苷酸多态性（SNP）与原发性高血压的关系。方法用PCR—RFLP及电泳分析法进行基因分型,SPSS软件分析各等位基因与原发性高血压的相关性。结果高血压患者与对照组的基因型、等位基因频率比较均有显著性差异（P=0．020,0．001）。高血压组GG、GA和AA基因型在女性中的分布频率分别为29．2％、42．4％和28．4％,女性对照组相应基因型的频率分别为29．3％、56．6％和14．1％,两组比较有显著性差异;G,A等位基因频率在高血压组分别为53．0％和47．0％,对照组相应的等位基因频率为63．3％,36．7％,两组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论ACE2-G8790A基因多态性与原发性高血压相关。     

Association between angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and mitral valve prolapse syndrome

Background Some studies have reported that patients with mitral valve prolapse syndrome (MVPS) also have a disorder in the autonomic or neuroendocrine function, which can cause a host of related symptoms. A potential role of the renin-angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of MVPS has been addressed. However, the role of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) genetic variant in MVPS has not been studied. We therefore performed a case-control study investigating the possible relation between ACE gene polymorphisms and MVPS in Taiwan Chinese.Methods We studied 100 patients with MVPS diagnosed by echocardiography and 100 age- and sex-matched normal control patients. ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D), A-240T, and G2350A polymorphisms were identified by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction analysis.Results There was a significant difference in the distribution of ACE I/D genotypes (P = .003) and allelic frequencies (P = .001) between MVPS cases and control patients. An odds ratio for the risk of MVPS associated with the ACE II genotype was 2.14 (95% CI 1.20-3.80 ). An odds ratio for the risk of MVPS associated with ACE I allele was 1.96 (95% CI 1.30-2.97). The A-240T and G2350A polymorphisms of the ACE gene showed no association with MVPS (P = .20, P = .13, respectively).Conclusions This study showed that patients with MVPS have a higher frequency of ACE II genotype, which supports a role of the ACE I/D gene polymorphism in determining the risk of MVPS among the Chinese population in Taiwan. (Am Heart J 2003;145:169-73.)     

转化生长因子β_1基因标签单核苷酸多态性与新疆汉族原发性高血压相关性研究

目的 研究转化生长因子β_1(TGF-β_1)基因标签单核苷酸多态(tSNP)及血浆水平与新疆汉族原发性高血压(EH)的关系,阐明连锁不平衡(LD)模式以及单体型分布特征.方法 采用整群抽取随机抽样的方式,以新疆沙湾县732例汉族人(EH组365例,对照组367例)为研究对象,进行流行病学调查和临床检查,并采集血样.用双抗体夹心法(ELISA试剂盒)测量TGF-β_1血浆浓度.SNaPshot方法进行基因分型.结果 (1)TGF-β_1基因rs11466345位点等位基因A、G在EH组和对照组中分布频率分别为69.7%、30.3%、74.4%、25.6%,EH组G等位基因频率高于对照组(x2=3.949,P=0.047),G等位基因患病风险为A等位基因1.261倍(95%CI 1.003～1.585,P=0.047),其他tSNP基因型及等位基因频率在EH组和对照组分布差异元统计学意义(P>0.05).(2)除m11466345位点外,其他tSNP位点间存在强LD,其构成的单体型频率在EH及对照组中分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).(3)TGF-β_1基因tSNP在EH组与对照组各基因型和等位基因之间TGF-β_1血浆水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 TGF-β_1基因rs 11466345G等位基因可能是新疆汉族EH的遗传易感基因,其他tSNP可能与该民族EH不相关,除rs11466345位点外,其余tSNP位点间存在强LD,其构成的单体型与EH无关;在新疆汉族人群中TGF-β_1基因tSNP与TGF-β_1血浆水平不相关.     

高血压病并心力衰竭与ACE基因、SLC6A2基因多态性的关联研究

目的：探讨去甲肾上腺素转运基因[溶质载体家族6,成员2（SLC6A2）]启动子3、血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）基因多态性与高血压病合并心力衰竭（EH＋HF）的相关性。方法：收集176例心功能Ⅲ－Ⅳ级的EH＋HF汉族患者,及与之按性别、年龄±4、居住地相匹配的心功能Ⅰ－Ⅱ级的高血压病患者（EH组）及健康体检者（正常对照组）各176例,应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）检测SLC6A2启动子3的A/G多态性及血管紧张素转换酶[ACE（I/D）]多态性基因型。结果：卡方分割显示EH＋HF组SLC6A2-P3-AG/GG基因型频率（41.48%）显著高于EH组（26.70%）和正常对照组（22.16%）,x2=7.937,P=0.005;EH＋HF组ACE-DD基因型频率（26.14%）显著高于EH组（12.50%）和正常对照组（10.80%）,x2=17.897,P〈0.001。Logistic回归以EH组为参照系,调整混杂因素后,SLC6A2-AG/GG,ACE-DD型,DD＋AG/GG的OR值分别为1.905（95%CI：1.138－3.188,P=0.014）,1.908（95%CI：1.009－3.609,P=0.047）,3.356（95%CI：1.188－9.475,P=0.022）。结论：携带有ACE-DD型、SLC6A2-AG/GG型可能是高血压病合并心力衰竭独立危险因素,DD＋AG/GG的危险性和预测作用最大。