Hepatoprotective activity of the ethanol extract of Sarcopyramis Nepalensis

The present study examined the protective effect of the ethanol extract of Sarcopyramis nepalensis (EESN) on agents-induced hepatotoxicity in mice and the possible mechanism. Acute liver injury was induced by administration of either CCl4 or D-GalN. The animals were divided into 5 groups in terms of different treatment: normal group, CCl4 or D-GalN group, silymarin or bifendate group, low dose EESN group (10 mg/kg) and high dose EESN group (30 mg/kg). Liver function was evaluated by detecting the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The oxidize stress markers were measured, including malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Liver tissues were histopathologically examined by hematoxy-lin-eosin (H&E) staining. The acute toxicity study revealed that there was no toxicity of EESN at the dose of 5 g/kg in mice. The levels of ALT and AST in serum, and the MDA level in live tissues were significantly increased and the activities of SOD and GSH substantially decreased in mice after CCl4 or D-GalN treatment. These biochemical and oxidize stress markers were profoundly improved after treatment with EESN at different doses, which was similar to the results of silymarin or bifendate treatment. The histophathological examination revealed the significant improvement in the pathological changes of the liver in EESN-treated mice as compared to those in CCl4 or D-GalN group. It was concluded that EESN possesses potential antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties and has therapeutic potential for liver diseases.     

Spermatoprotective activity of the leaf extract of Psidium guajava Linn

BACKGROUND: The leaves of Psidium guajava Linn. (guava) contain several natural antioxidants. We therefore designed the present study to evaluate the effect of ethanol extract of guava leaves on gossypol-associated sperm toxicity in Wistar rats. METHODS: Animal groups 1, 2, and 3 (n=6 each) were treated orally with crude cottonseed oil to provide 14 mg/kg/d of free gossypol for 53 d. Besides, groups 1 and 2 rats were supplemented orally with 250 mg/kg/d and 500 mg/kg/d respectively of guava leaf extract (GLE) for the same period. Group 4 animals (control, n=6) received normal saline. RESULTS: No significant difference (P>0.05) occurred in the sperm count of group 1 rats compared to control. In animal group 2, significant increase (P<0.05) in sperm count occurred, as opposed to group 3 animals, where this parameter decreased significantly (P<0.05). Besides, mean values of 78 %, 82 %, 30 %, and 65 % respectively were obtained for sperm motility in animal groups 1, 2, 3, and 4. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that ethanol extract of guava leaves possesses beneficial effect on gossypol-associated sperm toxicity, and may therefore enhance male fertility, possibly owing to its rich constituents of natural antioxidants.     

急性局灶性细菌性肾炎8例临床分析

目的提高急性局灶性肾炎(AFBN)的诊断水平。方法总结8例AFBN患的临床及影像资料。结果8例中7例抗生素治疗后症状体征消失，B超复查肾肿块消失；1例手术引流，术后抗生素治疗症状体征消失．B超显示肾肿块消失，肾形态恢复正常。结论AFBN早期诊断，合理应用抗生素可获满意疗效。     

人工合成TP5的免疫刺激作用

研究了人工合成胸腺五肽(TP5)的免疫刺激作用。结果表明,TP5对小鼠的脾重和脾组织学都有显著影响。实验组动物脾淋巴细胞的E-玫瑰花结形成率及转化率、PFC皆明显高于对照组动物。讨论了TP5的性质、作用机理和临床应用的前景。     

Anti-ulcer activity of Ficus religiosa leaf ethanolic extract

Objective

To evaluate the anti-ulcer activity and acute toxicity of Ficus religiosa (F. religiosa) leaf ethanolic extract in animal models.

Methods

Anti-ulcer activity of F. religiosa ethanolic extract (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) was studied on stress induced ulcer animal models. Ranitidine was used as standard. The anti-ulcer activity of F. religiosa was evaluated with the help of ulcer area and histopatholgical examination. Preliminary phyto-chemical screening and acute toxicity studies of F. religiosa also carried out.

Results

Results showed that the extract treatments prevented ulcer area and gastric secretion in a dose-dependent manner. Administration of 2 000 mg/kg extract did not show any acute toxicity in albino mice. Preliminary phytochemical analysis identified the presence of flavonoids in the ethanolic extract of F. religiosa.

Conclusions

The extract is non-toxic even at relatively high concentrations. The anti-ulcer activity is probably due to the presence of flavanoids.     

金线莲多糖提取物镇静催眠作用的研究

目的 研究金线莲多糖提取物对小鼠的镇静催眠作用影响.方法 通过小鼠自主活动实验、直接睡眠实验、戊巴比妥钠阈上和阈下剂量睡眠实验,观察金线莲多糖提取物对小鼠的镇静催眠作用.结果 金线莲多糖提取物能够减少小鼠自主活动次数、延长戊巴比妥钠阈上剂量致小鼠睡眠时间及缩短其睡眠潜伏期、增加戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量致小鼠入睡只数及睡眠发生率,且无直接睡眠作用.结论 金线莲多糖提取物具有明显的镇静催眠作用.     

赤芍提取物体外抑菌活性的研究

目的 提取赤芍中抑菌有效成分,研究其与4种不同抗生素的协同抗菌作用.方法 制备赤芍甲醇提取物和不同溶剂萃取物,对肺炎克雷伯杆菌、鲍氏不动杆菌和黏质沙雷氏菌采用液体2倍稀释法进行体外抑菌试验;将具有抑菌活性的萃取物结合抗生素进行体外抑菌实验,检查其协同作用.结果 赤芍不同相的萃取物中以正丁醇相萃取物对上述3种细菌抗菌活性最高,最低抑菌浓度（MIC）均为400 mg/L;多数萃取物对于测试的氯霉素（Cp）、四环素（Te）、红霉素（Em）及诺氟沙星（Nf）具有协同作用,其中加赤芍正丁醇相萃取物的诺氟沙星对鲍氏不动杆菌的MIC降低了97%.结论 赤芍的萃取物具有明显抗菌活性,且可与抗生素产生协同作用.     

免疫刺激序列对大鼠实验性变应性鼻炎的作用研究

目的 探讨免疫刺激序列(CpG DNA)对大鼠变应性鼻炎模型形成的干扰作用.方法 在大鼠变应性鼻炎模型初始致敏阶段,给予CpG DNA腹腔注射,观察其对模型形成的影响.观测指标包括症状得分、鼻黏膜局部及骨髓嗜酸粒细胞表达、鼻黏膜IL-4和IFN-γ mRNA表达、脾细胞培养IL-4和IFN-γ表达情况.结果 与阳性对照组相比,给予CpG DNA后大鼠变应性鼻炎模型症状得分减少,鼻黏膜局部及骨髓中嗜酸性粒细胞减少,鼻黏膜IL-4 mRNA产生减少,而IFN-γ mRNA产生显著增多.脾细胞培养上清中IL-4明显减少,IFN-γ浓度则显著增高(均P<0.05).结论 在致敏初始阶段给予CpG DNA对大鼠变应性鼻炎模型形成具有明显的干扰作用,可抑制变应性鼻炎模型的形成.     

Antidiarrhoeal activity of leaf methanolic extract of Rauwolfia serpentina

Objective

To evaluate the antidiarrhoeal property of methanol extract of the leaves of Rauwolfia serpentina (R. serpentina) in experimental diarrhoea induced by castor oil in mice.

Methods

Doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg R. serpentina leaf methanol extracts were administered to castor oil induced diarrhoea mice to determine its antidiarrhoeal activity.

Results

All doses of the extract and the reference drug atropine sulphate (3 mg/kg, i.p.) produced a dose-dependent reduction in intestinal weight and fluid volume. The extracts also significantly reduced the intestinal transit in charcoal meal test when compared to diphenoxylate Hcl (5 mg/kg, p.o.).

Conclusions

The results show that the extract of R. serpentina leaves has a significant antidiarrhoeal activity and supports its traditional uses in herbal medicine.     

黎药角花胡颓子提取物不同极性部位抗菌活性研究

目的研究角花胡颓子水提取液及石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇各萃取部位的抑菌效果。方法采用平板法,测定角花胡颓子水提取液及各萃取部位对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和白假丝酵母菌的抑菌效果。结果角花胡颓子正丁醇萃取部位对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌有较强的抑菌作用（抑菌率为100%）;石油醚萃取部位对金黄色葡萄球菌有较强的抑菌作用（抑菌率〉90%）。结论角花胡颓子正丁醇萃取部位具有较强的抑菌作用。     

雪莲花水提物的抗氧化活性及其机制

目的:研究雪莲花水提物的抗氧化活性及其机制.方法:昆明种小鼠60只,随机平均分为6组,每天颈背部皮下注射(sc) D-半乳糖 1 mg/g造衰老小鼠模型,对照组sc等量注射用水.(1)受试组:造模同时分别以生药0.56、1.12、2.24 g/(kg·d)的雪莲花水提物(低、中、高剂量组)灌胃(ig);(2)阳性对照组:同时ig维生素E 200 mg/(kg·d);(3)模型组、对照组:分别ig等量的对照液(只含防腐剂).每日1次,共7周,分别用TBA比色法、亚硝酸盐法、DTNB法及Sohal法测定心、肝、肾中丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和脑中脂褐质.结果:模型组小鼠与对照组比较脑组织中脂褐质显著升高(P<0.01),心、肝、肾组织中丙二醛显著升高(P<0.01),超氧化物歧化酶活力及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力均明显下降,而低、中、高剂量试药能不同程度对抗脑组织中脂褐质(LF)及心、肝、肾组织中丙二醛升高,不同程度抑制心、肝、肾组织中超氧化物歧化酶活力下降及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力下降(P<0.05、P<0.01).结论:雪莲花水提物通过清除*OH,提高超氧化物歧化酶及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力而发挥抗氧化活性.     

壁虎醇提物提取优化及体外抗肿瘤初步研究

目的 优化壁虎醇提物提取工艺,并对壁虎醇提物体外抗肿瘤活性进行初步研究。方法 采用超声破碎、乙醇提取法提取壁虎粗提物,在单因素分析的基础上行正交试验。结果 料液比为1∶4、超声功率400 W、超声时间30 min、乙醇终浓度55%时为最佳提取工艺,此时壁虎醇提物得率约为6.5%,采用双缩脲法检测该提取物中蛋白含量约为23.15%。结论 体外试验表明壁虎醇提物可显著抑制癌细胞的生长,并呈现一定的浓度和时间依赖性。     

柠檬提取物对多重耐药金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌作用

目的:观察柠檬提取物对多重耐药金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌效果,初步探讨柠檬提取物的抑菌机制。方法:采用纸片法、对倍稀释法对不同浓度柠檬提取物进行耐药菌株的抑菌试验;采用SDS-PAGE电泳法,观察柠檬提取物作用下菌体蛋白质电泳图谱的变化;通过测定乳酸脱氢酶、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶的活性,观察柠檬提取物作用下酶活性的改变。结果:柠檬提取物对临床分离的耐药金黄色葡萄球菌的纸片抑菌实验抑菌环>30mm,最小抑菌浓度为1:6400;在不同凝胶浓度的SDS-PAGE中,柠檬提取物作用的耐药金黄色葡萄球菌有明显的菌体蛋白电泳图谱的改变;柠檬提取物对酶活性无改变。结论:柠檬提取物对耐药金黄色葡萄球菌有明显的抑制作用,影响了菌体蛋白质的合成,初步揭示了柠檬提取物的作用机制。     

枸杞子乙酸乙酯提取部位的抗氧化活性研究

【目的】研究枸杞子乙酸乙酯提取部位的抗氧化作用。【方法】采用荧光分光光度法研究其抗羟自由基作用;采用紫外可见分光光度法研究其抗氧自由基作用及氧自由基对红细胞的氧化作用。【结果】枸杞子乙酸乙酯提取部位对.OH有很强的抑制和清除作用,并具有浓度依赖性;可清除邻苯三酚自氧化体系产生的O2-.,对抗O2-.对红细胞的氧化作用。【结论】枸杞子乙酸乙酯提取部位具有较好的抗氧化能力。     

鸭跖草水提取物抗流感病毒的实验研究

目的研究鸭跖草水提取物在体内外抗流感病毒的活性。方法体外抗病毒试验采用CPE法。按Reed—Mueneh方法计算TC50、IC50和T1,观察鸭跖草水提取物体外对流感病毒引起的细胞病变的影响;体内抗病毒试验采用小鼠经滴鼻感染流感病毒造成肺炎模型,以肺部炎症、死亡率和生命延长率为指标,观察鸭跖草水提取物体内抗流感病毒的活性。结果鸭跖草水提取物在体外对流感病毒引起的细胞痛变有明显抑制作用,其IC50为生药4．25mg／ml,TI为7．17;在给药剂量为生药8～32g／kg时,对流感病毒所致的小鼠肺部炎症有明显抑制作用,并能明显降低流感病毒感染小鼠的死亡率和延长其存活时间。结论鸭跖草水提取物在体内外均具有明显抗流感病毒的作用。