Influence of hydrogenation on the mechanical properties of Pd nanoparticles

Atomic simulations are conducted to investigate the influence of hydrogenation on the mechanical properties of Pd nanoparticles. It is found that with an increase in the H atom content both the elastic modulus and the yield stress decrease approximately linearly. Moreover, the H atom content evidently alters the atomic deformation mechanisms in Pd nanoparticles. When the H atom content is in the range of 0–0.3, yield initiates from dislocation nucleating beneath surface steps and then a pyramid hillock is formed. Subsequently, dislocation nucleation and exhaustion at the surface will govern the plastic deformation. However, when the H atom content is in the range of 0.3–0.4, massive initial defects are introduced by hydrogenation, which partially suppress the dislocation nucleation around the surface steps, and no pyramid dislocation hillock is formed. Dislocation multiplication will dominate the subsequent plastic deformation. Moreover, as the H atom content increases to 0.4–0.5, the recoverable phase transition plays a key role in the plastic deformation. This study enriches our understanding of the impact of hydrogenation on the mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of Pd nanoparticles.

Atomic simulations are conducted to investigate the influence of hydrogenation on the mechanical properties of Pd nanoparticles.     

Best evidence topic report. The relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and affective disorder

A short-cut review was carried out to establish whether the presence of affective disorder in victims of assault alters the chances of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In all, 133 papers were found using the reported searches, of which 8 presented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The author, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results and study weaknesses of these best papers are tabulated. It is concluded that PTSD and affective disorder are related and often occur at the same time.     

女性精神病患者自杀与月经的关系

目的 了解女性精神病思者自杀与月经的关系。方法 采用自制一般资料调查表、护士观察量表，对62例有自杀观念或自杀行为的女性精神病住院思者进行调查。结果 自杀企图发生在月经前5天者40．32％，月经前5-7天者12．90％，发生在经期(第1-5天)29.03％，经后1-7天14．52％，经后7-19天3．23％(％)；来月经前5-7天、经期、月经过后5-7天这一时期与经后7-19天这一时期相比较，护士观察量表中总消极因素、总积极因素及7个因子中有5个因子分，差异有显著性意义。结论 女性精神病思者自杀企图及精神病症状的反复与月经周期有密切关系。由此提出女性精神病思者在月经期间的护理对策。     

护士群体职业压力与生活质量关系的研究

目的研究护士群体（包括正式护士和聘用护士）职业压力与生活质量的关系。方法随机抽取所在市属7家医院不同岗位的正式护士112名及聘用护士226名采用健康状况问卷（SF-36）调查及压力量表的填写并对回收的有效问卷进行统计学处理。结果护士群体职业压力平均得分较高且正式护士除了在护理专业及工作方面和护理患者方面略低于聘用护士外,其余各项都高于聘用护士;生活质量方面正式护士各维度得分均低于聘用护士,其中生理机能、躯体疼痛、一般健康状况、精力、精神健康5个维度的差异有统计学意义;职业压力得分与生活质量得分呈负相关即职业压力得分愈高其生活质量愈低。结论护士群体特别是正式护士由于职业压力因素造成了生活质量偏差的问题应该引起管理者的重视,建议对护士群体实施合理的干预,减轻心理和工作负荷,提高她们的社会地位从而改善其生活质量。     

The relationship between gabapentin and pregabalin and posttraumatic stress disorder in burned servicemembers

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects approximately 30% of burned Servicemembers returning from Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom. Gabapentin and pregabalin are anticonvulsant drugs that limited evidence suggests may also be effective treatments for some psychological disorders. This study examines the relationship between these anticonvulsants and PTSD development in burned Servicemembers. Drugs received, injury severity score, TBSA burned, length of hospital stay, number of intensive care unit days, number of surgeries, and PTSD Checklist-Military scores and administration dates were collected. Subjects were grouped based on receipt of gabapentin or pregabalin, and the groups were compared. The primary outcome was incidence of a positive screen for PTSD. Because injury severity was significantly different between the two groups, propensity score matching based on injury severity score and TBSA was performed. Two hundred ninety burned Servicemembers received the PTSD Checklist-Military at least 30 days after injury. Of these subjects, 104 received gabapentin, pregabalin, or both and 186 did not. Despite significantly greater injuries, the group that received gabapentin or pregabalin did not develop PTSD at a different rate than those patients who did (P = .727). Propensity score matching resulted in 57 patients in each group; there was no difference between these groups in the incidence of PTSD (P = .663). These data suggest that gabapentin or pregabalin administration may not affect PTSD development in burned Servicemembers. Many factors influence the development and progression of PTSD, but few drugs have been identified that are effective at treating or preventing PTSD.     

Analysing the relationship between cognition and urine storage function

Is the urine storage function associated with cognitive function? With ageing, overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) can develop. OAB is causally related to dementia. However, the relationship between cognitive function and urine storage function has not been analysed. The purpose of this study was to examine this relationship. It has been reported that dementia is associated with both OAB and functional incontinence, cognitive function declines in individuals taking an oral anticholinergic drug for OAB. Dementia is therefore closely associated with urine storage function. However, there are as yet no assessments of the relationship between cognitive function and urine storage function. This study is quantitative research. The subjects were 81 patients in a hospital or nursing home, who did not have urinary catheters or intravenous feeding, and did not receive therapeutic drugs for lower urinary tract symptoms. Consent was obtained by the explanation using the document. We evaluated cognitive function using Hasegawa's Revised Dementia Scale. We judged urine storage function from urine volume once and residual urine volume. We analysed the relationship by multiple logistic regression analysis. The analysis showed that the factor that most strongly influenced urine storage function was cognitive function; subjects with low cognitive function tended to have urine storage dysfunction. In hospitals and institutions, patients with decreased cognitive function may demonstrate early urine storage dysfunction. This must be considered when providing urinary care.     

The relationship between hemoglobin function and membrane integrity in erythrocytes during cold storage

Whole human blood with and without the addition of adenine-inosine was stored for 42 days at 4 C. Adenosine-inosine was effective in maintaining hemoglobin function as shown by a continued high level of 2,3-DPG. Analysis of the erythrocyte membranes was carried out by chemical and physicochemical methods. It was shown that adenine-inosine treatment does not alter the rate of membrane deterioration, indicating that the maintenance of membrane integrity and hemoglobin function are separate problems and each must be considered individually. The determining factor in long-term red blood cell preservation may be in membrane stabilization.     

The relationship between the duration of platelet storage and the development of transfusion reactions

BACKGROUND: The incidence of platelet transfusion reactions may depend partly on the length of storage. The influence of reactions on the effectiveness of platelet transfusions is not known. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Platelet transfusion reactions, identified by prospective monitoring, were analyzed for the effects of component type, recipient lymphocytotoxic antibodies, bacterial contamination, and duration of storage. Posttransfusion corrected count increments (CCIs) were used to evaluate the effectiveness of transfusions associated with reactions by comparing them to those of randomly selected transfusions without reactions. RESULTS: Reactions accompanied 4 percent of the 4926 transfusions given and included 119 febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions, 62 allergic reactions, and 13 reactions with features of both. Platelet concentrates contained a mean of 0.5 × 10(8) white cells per unit. Lymphocytotoxic antibodies were detectable in 20 of 84 recipients tested proximate to a reaction. Bacterial cultures from 4 of 81 units were positive; 1 unit was associated with fatal Enterobacter sp. sepsis. The incidence of febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions but not allergic reactions was related to platelet storage duration. The CCI was not significantly different for transfusions associated with reactions (10.97 [median, range 0–72.5; n = 165]) or not so associated (13.1 [median, range 0–39.5; n = 174]) (p = 0.08). CONCLUSION: The incidence of febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions but not allergic reactions appears to be related to the duration of platelet storage. Transfusion reactions may not have an adverse impact on the effectiveness of platelet transfusions.     

Sample preparation considerations for surface and crystalline properties and ecotoxicity of bare and silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles

Magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles (NPs) have widely used in various fields, including in medicine, due to their (super)paramagnetic properties. This requires a thorough evaluation of their possible hazardous effects. However, there is no standard procedure for the preparation of oxidation-prone NPs (such as magnetite) before subjecting them to biological assays. In this study we used Fe₃O₄ NPs (bare and silica-coated) as test samples to compare different preparation methods (ultrasound, centrifugation and filteration of NPs suspensions) based on X-ray and dynamic light scattering analysis and evaluation of microstructure and surface charge. After oxidation and functionalization, all samples retained their superparamagnetic behaviour. The toxicity of NP suspensions obtained by the methods described for Paramecium caudatum ciliates and Sinapis alba plants was evaluated.

The charge and surface reactivity of magnetite nanoparticles can be affected by the different separation methods leading to their toxicity changes.     

The relationship between cognitive structure and symptoms of depression in the elderly

In the present study, 50 elderly persons living in a home for the aged were asked in a brief interview a number of questions regarding their depressive symptoms and the strategies used to cope with depression. During the interview the Beck Depression Inventory, the Automatic Thought Questionnaire, and the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale were administered. Results indicate that depressed elderly report significantly more dysfunctional attitudes and negative cognitions than nondepressed elderly individuals. Significant correlations were also found between the self-report measures. Responses from the open-ended questions were subjected to content analysis and frequency counts. Although the type of strategies reported in coping with depression by depressed and nondepressed did not differ, significant differences were found between groups in the use of these strategies. Depressed elderly reported using these techniques less often and with less success than nondepressed elderly. Implications for clinical assessment and treatment of depression are discussed.This paper is based on a master's thesis by the first author, done under the direction of the second author. An abbreviated report of the study was presented at the annual meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Toronto, November 1981.     

The charge regulation of electronic structure and optical properties of graphitic carbon nitride under strain

The electronic structure of the graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₆N₆) under strain was obtained using the hybrid density functional HSE06 with a larger computational workload. The g-C₆N₆ could withstand 12% of the applied tensile strain. The electronic structure of g-C₆N₆ could be changed effectively under the tensile force. The band gap changed from direct to indirect under the strain and could be tuned in the range of 3.16 eV to 3.75 eV. At approximately 4% of the applied strain, there was a transition of the valence band maximum (VBM). A wider range of light absorption could be obtained under the strain. Our results provide a prospect for the future applications of two-dimensional materials in electronic and optoelectronic devices.

The electronic structure of the graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₆N₆) under strain was obtained using the hybrid density functional HSE06 with a larger computational workload.     

One-step synthesis of M13 phage-based nanoparticles and their fluorescence properties

Fluorescent carbon nanoparticles have been gaining more attention in recent years for their excellent fluorescence properties and simple synthesis routes. Different carbon sources have been reported for fluorescent carbon nanoparticle synthesis but the use of virus particles as a carbon source is scarce. Herein, we report the utilization of M13 bacteriophage particles as the carbon source to synthesize phage-based nanoparticles through facile, one-step microwave heating. M13 bacteriophage is a nanosized filamentous virus particle with a single-stranded DNA genome encapsulated by a large number of coat proteins. These amino acid rich building blocks provide a substantial amount of carbon source for the synthesis of fluorescent nanoparticles. The resulting nanoparticles from M13 bacteriophage showed good water solubility and exhibited bright blue luminescence. The selectivity and sensitivity of the phage-based nanoparticles towards Fe(iii) ions showed a quenching effect with a linear correlation and a detection limit of 8.0 μM. This process highlights the potential application of virus particles as a source for the synthesis of fluorescent carbon nanoparticles and the sensing application.

M13 bacteriophage is an attractive alternative source for fluorescent nanoparticle synthesis.     

严重多发伤后免疫紊乱与急性胃肠功能损伤间的关系

目的:探讨严重多发伤患者伤后免疫紊乱与急性胃肠功能损伤（acute gastrointestinal injury, AGI）间的关系。方法:纳入同济医院创伤外科2018年4月至2019年10月收治的严重多发伤患者205例,选取23例健康志愿者作为对照组。依据AGI诊断标准将患者分为AGI组与不伴AGI组（N-AGI组...     

The relationship between developmental variables, personality disorder, and risk in sex offenders

Previous research on the evaluation of the Challenge Project, a community treatment program for sex offenders in southeast London, identified the potential role of key developmental variables as enhancing actuarial risk measures to identify individuals at highest risk for community failure. The aim of the current study was to assess the relationship between developmental variables and later personality dysfunction in adult-hood, and the contribution of these factors to assessing risk for sexual recidivism, in a wider group of sex offenders managed in the community by the probation service. Over an 8-month period, 241 participants were assessed, including 162 child molesters and 79 rapists. A wide range of background data were collected, including the administration of several psychometric measures. A strong relationship was found between key developmental variables and adult mental health and personality difficulties, as well as a range of risk measures. The implications of the findings for further research are discussed.     

F-PSA、T-PSA及其比值与前列腺疾病的关系

血清前列腺特异性抗原(prostate-specific antigen,PSA)检测被公认为诊断前列腺癌的最具临床价值的标志物,但其仅对前列腺组织特异而并非对前列腺癌特异[1],因此,前列腺良性疾病及其他因素也可导致血清PSA升高,检测PSA作为早期诊断指标缺乏足够的特异性和敏感性,采取同时检测血