共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
In this study, a material (DLRMG) was synthesized by modifying Ca2+ and manganite (γ-MnOOH) on red mud granules (RMG), which were the main raw materials derived from industrial alumina. Moreover, a series of experiments were conducted on the adsorption of Fe2+ and Mn2+ in underground water. The prepared samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), zeta potential analysis, BET and scanning electron microscopy (SEM); the concentration of the effluent was found to be of acceptable standard after the treatment. DLRMG continued to treat fluoride wastewater even after the saturated adsorption of Fe2+ and Mn2+, and the results clearly showed that the treatment was effective. Overall, the problems of red mud stockpile and pollution in China would be effectively controlled by DLRMG.The use of the waste of aluminum industry to prepare effective polluted materials for the treatment of underground water. 相似文献
2.
Zhengyang Duan Mingyao Song Tianguo Li Shuli Liu Xiaojun Xu Ronggao Qin Changhua He Yao Wang Longqian Xu Mengjiao Zhang 《RSC advances》2018,8(55):31542
In this study, a crosslinked yeast/β-cyclodextrin polymer (Y–β-CDP), for use as an effective adsorbent for removal Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) ions from aqueous solution, has been innovatively prepared by grafting β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) onto the surface of baker''s yeast (BY) and thiomalic acid as a crosslinker. Several characterization techniques, such as SEM equipped with an EDS analyzer, FTIR, XRD, and XPS were employed characterize the Y–β-CDP. The impact of various operating parameters, such as pH, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration of metal ions, contact time and solution temperature, as well as adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics were systematically investigated. The adsorption of Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) on Y–β-CDP reached equilibrium in 25 min, and the kinetic process conforms to the pseudo-second order model. The Langmuir model was used to describe the adsorption isotherm data better than the Freundlich model. The predicted maximum adsorption capacity at 25 °C for Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) was 150.08 and 102.80 mg g−1, respectively, when the initial concentration of metal ions was 120 mg L−1. The thermodynamic analysis revealed that the adsorption procedure of Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) onto Y–β-CDP was spontaneous and endothermic. Furthermore, regeneration experiments demonstrated that Y–β-CDP had excellent recyclability. Together, all results suggested that Y–β-CDP could potentially be a promising adsorbent in the purification of water contaminated with heavy metal ions.A cross-linked yeast/β-cyclodextrin polymer (Y–β-CDP) was synthesized to remove Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) from aqueous solution. 相似文献
3.
Min Li Hong-Feng Xia Li-Yao Yang Tao Hong Lin-Jie Xie Shijun Li Jing Wu 《RSC advances》2019,9(16):9187
In the presence of the inexpensive and stable stoichiometric reductant polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) as well as certain amounts of appropriate alcohol and base additives, the non-precious metal copper-catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-hydrosilylation of β-aryl or β-alkyl-substituted N-aryl β-enamino esters was well realized to afford a diverse range of N-aryl β-amino acid esters in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities (26 examples, 90–98% ee). This approach tolerated the handling of both catalyst and reactants in air without special precautions. The chiral products obtained have been successfully converted to the corresponding enantiomerically enriched β-lactam and unprotected β-amino acid ester, which highlighted the synthetic utility of the developed catalytic procedure.Non-precious metal copper-catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-hydrosilylation of β-aryl or β-alkyl-substituted N-aryl β-enamino esters proceeded in air in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities (26 examples, 90–98% ee). 相似文献
4.
A study was made of the cellular origin of human immunoglobulins (γ2, γ1M, γ1A). The results indicated that two closely related families of cells form immunoglobulins in human lymphoid tissue: germinal (reticular) centers and plasma cells. Thus their cellular origin in addition to their known antigenic relations further justifies placing the immunoglobulins in one family of proteins. Immunoglobulins were also formed to a small extent in primitive reticular cells which resembled those of germinal centers but were separated from them. Possibly such cells were undergoing transition to the much more numerous plasma cells with which they were commonly associated. The mantles of small lymphocytes which surrounded germinal centers did not contain detectable quantities of immunoglobulins. While in general only one type of immunoglobulin was present in an individual cell or germinal center, γ2- and γ1M-globulin were identified on occasion in the same plasma cell and germinal center. A peculiarity of the fetal thymus gland was the presence of immunoglobulin, mainly γ1M, in a small number of cells of small and intermediate size and primitive reticular appearance and in Hassall's corpuscles. 相似文献
5.
Ru Zhao Bing-Lin Zeng Wen-Qiang Jia Hong-Yi Zhao Long-Ying Shen Xiao-Jian Wang Xian-Dao Pan 《RSC advances》2020,10(57):34938
An efficient and mild method has been developed for the amination of β-methoxy amides (γ-lactones) including natural products michelolide, costunolide and parthenolide derivatives by using lithium chloride in good yields. This reaction is applicable to a wide range of substrates with good functional group tolerance. Mechanism studies show that the reactions undergo a LiCl promoted MeOH elimination from the substrates to form the corresponding α,β-unsaturated intermediates followed by the Michael addition of amines.The amination of β-methoxy amides (γ-lactones) including natural products michelolide, costunolide and parthenolide derivatives were first developed by using lithium chloride.The formation of carbon–nitrogen bonds remains one of the most fundamental and widely practiced reactions in organic synthesis, due to the prevalence of this functionality in the preparations of functional molecules in pharmaceutical chemistry, biochemistry and material sciences.1 Various synthetic methodologies have been developed to form C(sp2)-N bonds, including the Goldberg reaction,2 Buchwald–Hartwig reaction,3 imine reduction4 and the nucleophilic addition of carbon-nucleophiles to imine derivatives.5 Meanwhile, the formations of C(sp3)-N bonds can be achieved by reductive amination, which involves the conversion of a carbonyl group to an amine via an imine intermediate, such as Eschweiler–Clarke reaction6 and Borch reductive amination.7 Nucleophilic substitution of alkyl(pseudo)halides with amines (amine alkylation) serves as one direct strategy for the preparation of alkylamines, while the necessity of pre-installation of the halogen atoms and the production of stoichiometric inorganic salt wastes are considered as two main drawbacks for its application in large scale industrial synthesis.8Methoxy as the leaving group in the amination reactions has recently attracted the attention of organic chemists. For instance, Chiba and coworkers reported a method for the nucleophilic amination of methoxy arenes,9 which was achieved by using sodium hydride (NaH) in the presence of lithium iodide (LiI) through a concerted nucleophilic aromatic substitution pathway (Fig. 1a).10 Kondo and coworkers demonstrated that the organic superbase t-Bu-P4 efficiently catalyzes the amination of methoxy(hetero)arenes with the amine nucleophiles (Fig. 1b).11 The t-Bu-P4 is also suitable to catalyze the amination of β-(hetero)arylethyl ethers with amines to synthesize β-(hetero)arylethylamines (Fig. 1c).12 Sun and coworkers reported that C–S bond cleavage to access N-substituted acrylamide and β-aminopropanamide(Fig. 1d).13Open in a separate windowFig. 1Amination reactions of methyl ethers.Recently, we described the application of a CuBr–LiCl composite for the short-chain alkoxylation of aryl bromides.14 During that course of study, the single-shell lithium ion was found to embrace a unique affinity for oxygen and can be used as an additive to activate C–O bond and facilitate the nucleophilic reaction. On the basis of this study, we herein present the synthesis of β-amino amides (γ-lactones) via the elimination of methoxy group followed by Michael addition of an amine, that was promoted by LiCl in good yields under conventional conditions.We initiated our study with the reaction of 3-methoxy-N-phenylpropanamide 1a and piperidine 2a in the presence of lithium salts ( Entry Additive (equiv.) Solvent T (°C) Time (h) Yieldb (%) 1 LiCl (2.0) iPrOH 120 12 70 2 LiBr (2.0) iPrOH 120 12 30 3 LiI (2.0) iPrOH 120 12 43 4 LiOTf (2.0) iPrOH 120 12 38 5 Li2CO3 (2.0) iPrOH 120 12 6 6 NaCl (2.0) iPrOH 120 12 N. R. 7 LiCl (2.0) DMF 120 12 46 8 LiCl (2.0) Toluene 120 12 21 9 LiCl (1.0) iPrOH 120 12 38 10c — iPrOH 120 12 N. R. 11 LiCl (2.0) iPrOH 80 12 23 12 LiCl (2.0) iPrOH 120 6 49