Chlorpropamide lowers serum and lipoprotein cholesterol in insulin-dependent diabetes

Changes in serum lipids and lipoproteins were examined during eight weeks chlorpropamide therapy in eight C-peptide negative, insulin-dependent diabetic patients (mean age 40 years, mean onset of diabetes 20 years). Chlorpropamide was found to have a generalized cholesterol lowering effect (progressive significant fall in mean total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, and HDL3-C) with no significant change in the ratio of high-density lipoprotein to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol which was independent of insulin secretion.     

Lack of Effect of Cholesterol Esterase Inhibitor CVT-1 on Cholesterol Absorption and LDL cholesterol in Humans

Two clinical trials were performed to test the hypothesis that CVT-1, a potent inhibitor of pancreatic cholesterol esterase, reduces percent cholesterol absorption and LDL cholesterol in humans. Measurements of cholesterol absorption were made with deuterated cholesterol tracers given orally and intravenously and detected in plasma by a new technique using negative ion mass spectrometry. Study 1 was a randomized, double-blind parallel study of CVT-1 treatment of doses of 0, 300, 1500, and 3000 mg/day in 19 subjects. Percent cholesterol absorption measured at baseline and again after 2 and 6 weeks showed no treatment effect and LDL cholesterol was unchanged. Study II was a randomized open-label crossover comparison between CVT-1 given as 1000 mg three times daily for 2 weeks and 187.5 mg hourly 16 hours/day for 2 weeks. Percent cholesterol absorption and plasma LDL cholesterol were not different between periods. We conclude that cholesterol esterase is not required for unesterified cholesterol absorption in human subjects.     

Effect of psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid on serum cholesterol in the elderly

The effect of psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid (PHM) when used as a laxative and/or stool softener on serum cholesterol concentrations was examined in 176 ambulatory elderly participants attending a health screening program. The change in one-year serum cholesterol concentration in subjects using PHM was compared with the change in cholesterol in 741 participants who did not report the use of PHM. Serum cholesterol concentration decreased by 0.073 mmol/liter (2.82 mg/dl) in the treatment group compared with a decrease of 0.036 mmol/liter (1.39 mg/dl) in the control group. After adjusting for confounding factors, excluding psyllium dose, by using a multiple regression model there was no significant difference in the change in serum cholesterol concentration (P=0.935). PHM dosage information was available for 158 participants. After adjusting for baseline serum cholesterol and confounding factors using multiple regression analysis, it was found that the dose of PHM administered was significantly correlated with the change in serum cholesterol (P=0.0120). For every 1-g increase in daily PHM dose there was a 0.022 mmol/liter (0.84 mg/dl) decrease in serum cholesterol concentration.Supported in part by a grant from the Procter and Gamble Company and SmithKline Clinical Laboratories.     

黑加仑油对大鼠血脂的影响

目的 研究在高脂血症形成过程中黑加仑油的调节血脂作用。方法 在高脂饲料中加入６％的黑加仑油喂饲Ｗｉｓｔａｒ雄性大鼠３ｗ,观察其对大鼠血脂的早衰亲高脂血症大鼠血清甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、高胆固醇（ＴＣ）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ）含量、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）比值（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ／ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）和ＴＣ／ＨＤＬ－Ｃ比值降低,而ＨＤＬ－Ｃ、高密度脂蛋白亚组分Ⅱ胆固醇（ＨＤＬ２－Ｃ）水平、Ｈ     

Effect of 20 days' bed rest on the reverse cholesterol transport system in healthy young subjects

Ryoko Yanagibori, Kazuo Kondo, Yoji Suzuki, Kiyoshi Kawakubo, Tamami Iwamoto, Hiroshige Itakura, Atsuaki Gunji (Aichi Prefectural College of Nursing and Health, Aichi: National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo; and University of Tokyo, Japan). Effects of 20 days' bed rest on the reverse cholesterol transport system in healthy young subjects J Intern Med 1998; 243 : 307–12.

Objectives

To study the effects of 20 days of bed rest on HDL cholesterol, lipoprotein lipase, hepatic triglyceride lipase, cholesterol ester transfer protein and lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase.

Design

A 20-day intervention study.

Setting

Makita general hospital.

Subjects

Five male and five female healthy participants, mean age 20.4 years, range 19–24 years.

Interventions

Twenty days of bed rest.

Main outcome measures

Lipid, lipoprotein, lipoprotein lipase, hepatic triglyceride lipase, cholesterol ester transfer protein and lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase.

Results

Fasting HDL, HDL₂ and HDL₃ cholesterol levels decreased from 1.748 to 1.404 mmol L^?1 (P < 0.01), from 0.807 to 0.628 mmol L^?1 (P < 0.01) and from 0.939 to 0.784 mmol L^?1 (P < 0.05), respectively, while VLDL triglyceride levels increased from 0.365 to 0.754 mmol L^?1 (P < 0.05). Plasma post-heparin lipoprotein lipase activity decreased from 0.494 to 0.418 μmol mL^?1 h^?1 (P < 0.01), but plasma post-heparin hepatic triglyceride lipase activity and cholesterol ester transfer protein activity did not change during bed rest. Lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase activity increased from 72.5 to 84.8 nmol mL^?1 h^?1 (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Twenty days of bed rest induced a decline in HDL cholesterol levels and an increase in VLDL triglyceride levels. When considering lipoprotein lipase, hepatic triglyceride lipase, cholesterol ester transfer protein and lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase as factors in the decreased HDL cholesterol, the contribution of lipoprotein lipase is suggested.

     

综合治理后燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒病区人群血脂水平改变

目的 检查经综合治理后的燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒(地氟病)病区人群血脂改变(包括总胆固醇、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白),寻找经综合防治措施后病区人群病情好转的健康判别指标.方法 2011年,在贵州省毕节市选择燃煤污染型地氟病病区人群,按综合治理时间长短和病情轻重分为4个组,轻病区+治理短组(98例)、轻病区+治理长组(70例)、重病区+治理短组(61例)、重病区+治理长组(164例);在贵阳市选择非地氟病病区人群(125例)作为对照组.两组人群空腹采血,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法测定血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白含量.结果 轻病区+治理短组、轻病区+治理长组、重病区+治理短组、重病区+治理长组人群血清总胆固醇水平[(5.75±3.16)、(5.56±2.86)、(7.25±3.84)、(6.51±3.48)mmolL]、甘油三酯水平[(256±1.45)、(2.98±1.50)、(3.20±1.65)、(2.94±1.49)mmol/L]均高于对照组[(3.97±1.80)、(1.25±0.97) mmol/L,P均＜0.05],而高密度脂蛋白水平[(0.72±0.40)、(0.96±0.60)、(0.46±0.27)、(0.81±0.43)mmol/L]明显低于对照组[(1.15±0.67) mmol/,P均＜0.05];在综合治理时间较长的地氟病轻、重病区人群,仅高密度脂蛋白水平较综合治理时间较短的氟中毒轻、重病区人群明显改善(P均＜ 0.05).结论 通过综合治理,地氟病病区人群血清中高密度脂蛋白的水平明显增高,其机制可能与综合治理后减弱氟对心血管的损伤有关,但对血清总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平无明显影响,人体血清中高密度脂蛋白水平可考虑为评估综合治理后病区人群血脂水平改善的指标.     

鼠李糖乳杆菌治疗肠易激综合征机制新进展

肠易激综合征(irritable bowel syndrome,IBS)是临床上常见的功能性胃肠病,其会影响患者的生活质量.因此探寻IBS的有效治疗方法具有重要意义.益生菌可改善IBS患者的症状并提高其生活质量,其中备受关注的是鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG,LGG).LGG是目前被...     

Effect of plant sterol-enriched margarine on plasma lipids and sterols in subjects heterozygous for phytosterolaemia

OBJECTIVE: Margarine with added plant sterols lowers plasma cholesterol levels. It is of importance to know whether these margarines can be used safely in carriers of a hereditary disorder with increased absorption of plant sterols. DESIGN: In an open feeding study of 8 weeks with a 2-week run-in period and 2 final weeks as a washout period on control margarine (0.3% plant sterols), two obligate heterozygous parents of a patient with classical sitosterolaemia were subjected for 4 weeks to a diet containing margarine enriched with plant sterols (8%). Fasting blood samples were taken weekly. Primary outcomes were plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels and plant sterol levels. RESULTS: Both parents were hyperlipidaemic. Total plasma cholesterol levels were decreased by 11 and 12%, respectively, after 4 weeks of the consumption of 40 g day(-1) of plant sterol-enriched margarine. This was mainly due to changes in LDL-cholesterol, whereas the other lipoproteins, including lipoprotein(a), were unaffected. Total plant sterol levels increased maximally 139% from 0.31 to 0.82% of total sterols in the father, and maximally 83% from 0.32 to 0.66% of total sterols in the mother. CONCLUSION: An intake of around 3 g day(-1) of plant sterols by subjects heterozygous for phytosterolaemia increased campesterol or sitosterol levels in blood to similar levels as found in normal subjects. In addition, plasma cholesterol levels were reduced to the same extent as in normal or hypercholesterolaemic individuals.     

Association of cholesterol with risk of pancreatic cancer:A meta-analysis

AIM: To evaluate the effect of dietary cholesterol and serum total cholesterol(TC) on the risk of pancreatic cancer. METHODS: A literature search was performed up to June 2014 in Pub Med, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and China Biology Medicalliterature database for relevant articles published in English or Chinese. Pooled relative risks(RRs) with 95% confidence intervals(CIs) were calculated with a random-effects model. RESULTS: We included 14 published articles with 439355 participants for dietary cholesterol, and 6 published articles with 1805697 participants for serum TC. For the highest vs lowest category of dietary cholesterol, the pooled RR(95%CI) of pancreatic cancer was 1.308(1.097-1.559). After excluding two studies(RR > 3.0), the pooled RR(95%CI) was 1.204(1.050-1.380). In subgroup analysis stratified by study design, the pooled RRs(95%CIs) were 1.523(1.226-1.893) for case-control studies and 1.023(0.871-1.200) for cohort studies. The association of dietary cholesterol with the risk of pancreatic cancer was significant for studies conducted in North America [1.275(1.058-1.537)] and others [2.495(1.565-3.977)], but not in Europe [1.149(0.863-1.531)]. No significant association [1.003(0.859-1.171)] was found between the risk of pancreatic cancer and serum TC. CONCLUSION: Dietary cholesterol may be associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer in worldwide populations, except for Europeans. The results need to be confirmed further.     

植物乳杆菌对白细胞介素-10基因敲除小鼠结肠炎的治疗作用

目的 评估植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantarum,Lp）对白细胞介素-10基因敲除(interleukin-10 knockout,IL-10-/-)小鼠结肠炎的治疗作用,并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法 8周龄雌性IL-10-/-小鼠和WT小鼠各20只,各自平均分成2组,即WT组、WT+Lp组、IL-10-/-组和IL-10-/- +Lp组。WT和1L-10-/-组予0.5 ml PBS灌胃,WT+ Lp和IL-10-/-+ Lp组予0.02g Lp(0.5 ml)灌胃,每天摄入Lp1×109菌落形成单位(CFU),持续灌胃4周后实验结束。实验开始前（0周）及开始后每隔1周收集小鼠新鲜粪便1次,直至实验结束。实验结束后将小鼠处死,记录各组小鼠体重变化,并测量其结肠长度和湿重,切取新鲜结肠组织标本做病理切片及结肠黏膜促炎因子肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α和干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)检测。并对小鼠新鲜粪便作选择性细菌培养,观察Lp在正常小鼠和炎症小鼠体内的定植情况及其对肠道菌群的调节作用。结果 与WT小鼠相比,IL-10-/-小鼠腹泻较重,体重亦明显下降(P＜0.05),存在严重营养不良,而经Lp治疗后IL-10-/-小鼠腹泻得到缓解,体重亦明显增加(P＜0.05)。病理学检查显示,所有IL-10-/-小鼠皆发生肠道炎症,经Lp治疗后肠道炎症得到明显改善,黏膜溃疡、上皮增生及黏膜固有层淋巴细胞和中性粒细胞浸润明显减轻,病理学评分明显降低(P＜0.01)。IL-10-/-小鼠经Lp治疗后结肠湿重及湿重与长度比出现明显变化(P＜0.01),结肠水肿和增厚现象得到明显改善。IL-10-/-组小鼠结肠TNF-a和IFN-γ含量分别为(377.4±84.4) μg/g和（602.6±108.1）μg/g,均较WT组明显增加[（139.2±32.7）μg/g和（173.0±52.4）μg/g,P＜0.05）]。Lp干预4周后,IL-10-/- +Lp组小鼠结肠TNF-α和IFN-γ的含量分别为(207.2±65.7) μg/g和(442.1±138.4) μg/g,均较IL-10-/-组显著降低(P＜0.05)。IL-10-/-小鼠体内肠道菌群出现紊乱。结论 Lp能有效减轻IL-10-/-小鼠肠道炎症,对结肠炎起到一定的治疗作用,且这种治疗作用与Lp调节肠道菌群及抑制促炎细胞因子的表达有关。     

Hypo-fibrinolysis in patients with hypertension and elevated cholesterol

To test the hypothesis that increased blood pressure and hyperlipidaemia result in changes in the fibrinolytic system, 84 subjects with both hypertension and elevated serum cholesterol levels (the high risk group) were compared with 55 controls matched with respect to age, sex and body mass index (BMI). Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) antigen and activity were measured before and after venous occlusion. In the high risk group, tPA activity was significantly lower both before and after venous occlusion and PAI-1 levels were significantly higher. In a multivariate analysis the triglyceride levels, diastolic blood pressure and cholesterol levels were independently associated with the PAI-1 levels. Diastolic blood pressure was independently and inversely associated with resting tPA activity. We conclude that patients with hypertension and hyperlipidaemia have a reduced activity of the fibrinolytic system, an effect which is unrelated to differences in age, sex, smoking or BMI.     

Low serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in obese subjects with normal serum triglycerides: the role of insulin resistance and inflammatory cytokines

BACKGROUND: The cause of obesity-related low HDLc in the absence of hypertriglyceridemia is not known. SUBJECTS & METHODS: A total of 32 subjects with a body mass index (BMI)(kg/m(2)) greater than 30 and normal serum triglycerides (<150 mg/dl) were identified. RESULTS: People with low HDLc (n = 16) compared to those with normal HDLc (n = 16) had higher BMI (37.53 +/- 4.54 vs. 33.99 +/- 3.65 kg/m(2), p < 0.021), higher body fat weight (42.59 +/- 9.51 vs. 34.76 +/- 8.7 kg, p < 0.023), and higher insulin resistance index (3.75 +/- 2.51 vs. 1.95 +/- 1.10, p < 0.013). Seven subjects with low HDLc and none of those with normal HDLc, had elevated serum tumor necrosis factor alpha and/or interleukin-6 (p < 0.010). CONCLUSIONS: Low HDLc levels can occur in obesity independently of elevated serum triglycerides and may be secondary to elevated serum levels of inflammatory cytokines.     

Effects of pravastatin on coronary events in 2073 patients with low levels of both low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: results from the LIPID study.

AIMS: Fibrates or nicotinic acid are usually recommended for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in patients with low plasma levels of both low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) < or =140 mg/dL (< or =3.6 mmol/L) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) < or =40 mg/dL (< or =1.03 mmol/L). The LIPID trial, a randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 9014 patients at 87 centres in Australia and New Zealand, provided an opportunity to investigate the effects of an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor in patients with low LDL-C and low HDL-C. METHODS AND RESULTS: Participants in this post hoc substudy were 2073 patients aged 31-75 years with baseline LDL-C < or =140 mg/dL (< or =3.6 mmol/L), HDL-C < or =40 mg/dL (< or =1.03 mmol/L), and triglyceride < or =300 mg/dL (< or =3.4 mmol/L). The relative risk reduction with pravastatin treatment was 27% for major coronary events (95% CI 8-42%), 27% for coronary heart disease mortality (95% CI 0-47%), 21% for all-cause mortality (95% CI 0-38%), and 51% for stroke (95% CI 24-69%). The number needed to treat to prevent a major coronary event over 6 years was 22. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with pravastatin in patients with both low LDL-C and low HDL-C significantly reduced major coronary events, stroke, and all-cause mortality. The level of HDL-C is crucial to the risk of recurrent CHD events and, consequently, the benefit of lowering LDL-C.     

Effects of atorvastatin on serum lipids of patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia

OBJECTIVES: The effects of atorvastatin, a new synthetic HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, were investigated in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH), with high LDLc levels whilst on standard treatment. DESIGN: Open treatment with 40 mg atorvastatin daily for 6 weeks, followed by another 6 weeks with 80 mg atorvastatin. SETTING: Outpatient lipid clinic of a tertiary referral centre. SUBJECTS: FH was diagnosed when the untreated LDLc concentration was higher than 6 mmol L-1, tendon xanthomas were present at the participant or a first degree relative, and the family history for hypercholesterolaemia was positive. The FH patients were selected for an LDLc above 5.0 mmol L-1 whilst on standard therapy for at least 3 months. Standard therapy consisted of a diet and 40 mg simvastatin, either alone (n = 17), or in combination with 8-12 g colestyramin (n = 12), or 1800 mg nicotinic acid (n = 12). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Effects on LDLc concentration. RESULTS: LDLc concentration significantly decreased during treatment with 80 mg atorvastatin as compared to LDLc levels on 40 mg simvastatin alone or in combination with 8-12 g colestyramin, by 24 +/- 14% (P < 0.01) and 19 +/- 22% (P < 0.01), respectively. LDLc concentration was comparable during treatment with 80 mg atorvastatin or 40 mg simvastatin in combination with 1800 mg nicotinic acid. Atorvastatin was tolerated well, no side-effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Atorvastatin is a valuable addition to the treatment possibilities of patients with serious hypercholesterolaemia, like FH.     

Effect of Lactobacillus casei as a Probiotic on Modulation of Giardiasis

The present study was designed with the aim to study the modulation of giardiasis with natural intervention, i.e., Lactobacillus casei--a probiotic, in a murine model. Probiotics are viable microorganisms having a beneficial effect on the prevention and treatment of specific pathological conditions. Various dairy products such as curd, lassi, and kulfi were employed particularly to isolate live organisms (probiotics). Out of five isolated strains only one was found to be similar to a standard strain--Lactobacillus delbrueckii. Experimentally, it was observed that oral feeding of isolated strain A, 7 days prior to inoculation with Giardia lamblia trophozoites, was not as efficient as L. casei in eliminating Giardia infection from BALB/c mice. Interestingly, it was observed that L. casei fed 7 days prior to Giardia infection was more effective and efficient in eliminating the infection from mice. On histological examination, it was observed that probiotic-fed mice had less atrophied villi and infiltrating cells in the small intestine compared to the control. Ultrastructural studies by scanning electron microscopy further confirmed the protection of the mice dosed with L. casei 7 days prior to Giardia infection and also when simultaneously infected with Giardia. It is felt that probiotics, particularly L. casei, modulate Giardia infection by minimizing or preventing the adherence of Giardia trophozoites to the mucosal surface, suggesting that probiotics offer a safe and effective mode to prevent and treat Giardia infection.     

急性白血病患者动态检测血脂变化的临床意义

目的　探讨急性白血病 (AL)患者血脂变化的临床意义。方法　用酶学法动态检测 6 8例AL患者化疗前、完全缓解期的空腹晨血血清总胆固醇 (TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)、甘油三酯 (TG)、载脂蛋白A1(apoA1)和载脂蛋白B(apoB)。结果　化疗前组TC、LDL C、HDL C、APOA1、APOB比对照组和完全缓解组明显降低 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而TG则比对照组和完全缓解组明显升高 (P <0 0 5 )。完全缓解组 6项指标与对照组相比无差异、若复发则再次出现上述改变。急性淋巴细胞白血病 (ALL)与急性非淋巴细胞白血病(ANLL)血脂水平无差别。外周血白细胞≥ 2 0× 10 9/L组较 <2 0× 10 9/L组血脂改变更显著。结论　动态监测AL的血脂水平有助于判断其疗效和预后。     

Therapeutic Effect of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lactobacillus acidophilus</Emphasis>-SDC 2012, 2013 in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Probiotic bacteria exhibit a variety of properties, which are unique to a particular strain. Lactobacillus acidophilus-SDC 2012, 2013 are new strains isolated from Korean infants' feces. The potential utility of Lactobacillus acidophilus-SDC 2012, 2013 in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was studied. Forty IBS patients were randomized into a placebo (n = 20) and probiotics group (n = 20). Four weeks of treatment with L. acidophilus-SDC 2012, 2013 was associated with a reduced score for abdominal pain or discomfort compared to the baseline (P = 0.011). The percent reduction in abdominal pain or discomfort exceeded the placebo scores by more than 20% (23.8 and 0.2% for probiotics and placebo, respectively, P = 0.003). There was a significant difference in the proportion of responders between the probiotics and placebo groups (P = 0.011). There was no drop out or adverse events for either group during the study period. Lactobacillus acidophilus-SDC 2012, 2013 appeared to have a beneficial effect in patients with IBS. Further studies are warranted.     

Fasting serum adiponectin concentration is reduced in Indo-Asian subjects and is related to HDL cholesterol

Aims: Adiponectin is a 30-kDa protein secreted by adipose tissue. The aim of the present study was to compare serum adiponectin in male Indo-Asian and Caucasian subjects and examine its association with fat topography and metabolic parameters.
Methods: Diabetic and non-diabetic male subjects (n = 48) were studied. A single observer carried out blood pressure and anthropometric measurements. Serum glucose, insulin, lipid profile and adiponectin (measured by RIA) were measured on a fasting sample.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in serum adiponectin between diabetic and BMI-matched non-diabetic subjects. However, serum adiponectin was lower in Indo-Asians compared with BMI-matched Caucasians, [median adiponectin (interquartile range) 3.3 (2.1–3.9) vs. 4.9 (3.5–6.6) μg/ml respectively (p = 0.016)]. Univariate analysis showed serum adiponectin to be positively associated with HDL in diabetic (p = 0.039) and non-diabetic subjects (p = 0.0098). Waist circumference (p = 0.02), saggital diameter (p = 0.04) were negatively correlated with serum adiponectin in diabetic subjects. Multiple regression analysis including waist, HDL, fasting insulin, age, diabetes and ethnicity in all subjects showed HDL to be the best predictor of serum adiponectin.
Conclusions: Serum adiponectin is associated with HDL cholesterol and central obesity. Caucasians have higher serum adiponectin levels compared with Indo-Asians. Further studies are needed to explore basis for the association of adiponectin with HDL cholesterol and the reason for lower levels in Indo-Asians.     

Effect of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG intervention on global serum lipidomic profiles in healthy adults

AIM： To investigate the effect of three weeks＇ intervention with a probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG （LGG） bacteria on global serum lipidomic profiles and evaluate whether the changes in inflammatory variables （CRP, TNF-α and IL-6） are reflected in the global lipidomic profiles of healthy adults. METHODS： We performed UPLC/MS-based global lipidomic platform analysis of serum samples （n = 26） in a substudy of a randomised, double-blind, placebo- controlled 3-wk clinical intervention trial investigating the immunomodulatory effects of probiotics in healthy adults. RESULTS： A total of 407 lipids were identified, corresponding to 13 different lipid classes. Serum samples showed decreases in the levels of lysophosphatidylcholines （LysoGPCho）, sphingomyelins （SM） and several glycerophosphatidylcholines （GPCho）, while triacylglycerols （TAG） were mainly increased in the probiotic LGG group during the intervention. Among the inflammatory variables, IL-6 was moderately associated by changes in global lipidomic profiles, with the top-ranked lipid associated with IL-6 being the proinflammatory LysoGPCho （20：4）. There was a weak association between the lipidomic profiles and the two other inflammatory markers, TNF-~ and CRP. CONCLUSION： This was the first study to investigate the effects of probiotic intervention on global lipidomic profiles in humans. There are indications that probiotic LGG intervention may lead to changes in serum global lipid profiles, as reflected in decreased GPCho, LysoGPCho and SM as well as mainly increased TAG.     

老年急性脑梗塞患者血脂及血液流变学变化分析

目的研究老年急性脑梗塞患者血脂及血液流变学变化特点，并分析二者的相关性。方法７６例老年急性脑梗塞患者，测定全血粘度（ＢＶ）、血浆粘度（ＰＶ）、血小板聚集率（ＰＡｇｔ）、凝血酶时间（ＴＴ）、凝血酶原时间（ＰＴ）、白陶土部分凝血活酶时间（ＫＰＴＴ）、总胆固醇（ＴＣ）、甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ）、脂蛋白（ａ）［ＬＰ（ａ）］、载脂蛋白（Ａｐｏ）Ａ１、Ｂ、Ｅ。结果ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＨＤＬ、ＬＤＬ、ＬＰ（ａ）、ＡｐｏＡ、ＡｐｏＢ各项在急性脑梗塞组与对照组之间比较均有显著性差异，ＢＶ、ＰＶ、ＰＡｇｔ均较对照组明显升高。ＢＶ及ＰＡｇｔ分别与ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＬＤＬ呈显著正相关，与ＨＤＬ呈显著负相关。结论血脂异常、高凝与高粘度血症构成了老年脑梗塞发病的重要环节，血脂的变化与血液流变学及凝血的改变密切相关