BECKMAN CX9 ALX生化分析仪的故障分析与处理

<正>BECKMAN CX9 ALX全自动生化分析仪是Beckman各型全自动生化分析系统的组合。其检测项目种类包括电解质、急诊生化、普通生化、特殊生化、尿液和脑脊液检测、免疫蛋白、药物检测、毒品检测等,并兼有Delta3的功能,特别适用于急诊生化检验及常规肾功能分析[1]。以下是我们对该仪器在使用过程中出现的故障原因及处理办法进行的分析总结。     

生化分析仪的质量控制

目的：探讨自动生化分析仪全程质量控制的操作要点和注意事项。方法：Olympus 640全自动生化分析仪质量控制研究。结果：总结出自动生化分析仪质量控制的若干操作要点和注意事项。结论：使用自动生化分析仪要把握好全程质量控制的各个环节，否则将影响检测结果的可靠性，因此，生化分析仪的质量控制必须给予高度重视。     

国产大型生化分析仪——迈瑞BS-800性能验证及临床应用评价

目的:验证国产大型生化分析仪-迈瑞BS-800的检测性能,分析其临床应用能力.方法:对迈瑞BS-800生化分析仪的吸光度范围、不精密度、测量范围、携带污染等检测性能进行验证,并在模拟临床检测环境下,进行常规生化检测,分析其临床应用能力.结果:迈瑞.BS-800生化分析仪吸光度范围最少可达到3.76A;以白蛋白检测实验为例,最小加样量不精密度为0.45%;不精密度实验、测量范围实验、比对实验的结果均小于厂家声明的性能指标;携带污染率小于厂家声明的相关项目的不精密度结果.结论:迈瑞BS-800生化分析仪检测性能可靠,运行稳定,操作简便,适用于临床生化检测的需求.     

自动生化分析仪的发展趋势及在医学检验中的应用

<正>临床化学实验操作步骤中的吸样、吸试剂、混合、去干扰物、保温、检测、结果计算和报告的仪器操作被称之为临床化学的自动化分析,其仪器称为自动生化分析仪.自动生化分析仪是各种现代科学,特别是电子学、光学、计算机技术和各种生物化学分析技术进步及临床医学对临床化学检验需求的质和量不断增长的结果.目前,自动生化分析仪在我国获得广泛的应用,己经普及到基层医院.近年来,自动生化分析仪配套试剂的研制发展迅速,己基本解决常用试剂自给.现将自动生化分析仪的发展趋势及在医学检验中的应用综述如下.     

血气分析仪、生化分析仪对电解质检测差异分析

目的探讨应用血气分析仪与生化分析仪对电解质进行检测的差异。方法在来我院进行健康体检的成年人中选取62例作为研究对象,各取动脉血8ml,分别用AU-600型全自动生化分析仪和GEM Premier 3000血气分析仪对血钾离子(K+)、血钠离子(Na+)和血氯(Cl-)浓度进行测定,并应用统计学的方法对两种仪器的检测结果进行分析比较。结果用血气分析仪和生化分析仪测得的结果不完全相同,其中血气分析仪测得的钠离子和钾离子浓度值高于生化分析仪,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),氯离子浓度用两种仪器检测结果比较没有统计学意义。结论血气分析仪、生化分析仪在检测钠离子和钾离子浓度上有一定差异,临床上要注意区别对待不同的检测方法测得的数值,为临床监测病情和用药治疗提供依据。     

自动生化分析仪与计算机联机实践

近几年,各大中医院已普遍实现了生化领域检测任务的自动化操作,从根本上替代了手工操作,在速度上、质量上较过去的手工检测相比有显著提高。测试数据的管理、查找、维护、修改、输出是项繁锁的工作,检测的自动化、检测项目和数量的增加使得这一工作更为繁重,人为因素造成的各种差错也随之增加。然而目前各类自动生化分析仪在外围数据处理和管理方面的能力非常有限。计算机应用的日益普及为解决这一难题提供了可能性。为此,我们从1993年初开始与上海医科大学电脑公司共同     

两种仪器和方法检测不同血液标本葡萄糖的结果分析

[目的]探讨快速血糖分析仪和全自动生化分析仪检测不同血液标本血糖值的差异及相关性,分析快速血糖分析仪检测的可靠性。[方法]血糖测定通常使用静脉血或末梢血测定,分别用快速血糖仪测定末梢血、静脉全血血糖值和全自动生化分析仪测定静脉血清、血浆血糖值,评价其相关性。[结果]全自动生化分析仪测定血浆、血清血糖值没有统计学差异,全自动生化分析仪测定血浆、血清的血糖结果分别与快速血糖分析仪测定末梢血、静脉全血血糖结果存在明显差异,静脉血浆、血清血糖值最高,其次是末梢血血糖,静脉全血血糖值最低。[结论]快速血糖分析仪携带方便,操作简单,对患者创伤小,快速出结果等优点,但其测定的末梢血血糖值需要转换成静脉血浆血糖值再应用到临床,可用于确诊糖尿病患者的血糖水平检测或者危急患者。     

BECKMAN CX7全自动生化分析仪常见故障及处理

BECKMAN CX7全自动生化分析仪是由CX3和CX42部分组成,它集常规生化、急诊生化检测于一体,以其准确度高、快速、操作简便深受广大用户欢迎。现将日常使用过程中的常见操作故障及处理方法总结如下,以供同行参考。     

美国康仁560全自动生化分析仪的临床应用

<正> 我院引进一台美国康仁560全自动生化分析仪,该分析仪具有精密度高、重复性好、性能稳定、操作灵活方便、速度适中、检测方法齐全、标本及试剂用量少、交叉污染低等特点,可用于临床生化、免疫、药物浓度及中毒监测。其价格适中,对中小型医院检验科较为适用,能提高工作效率和检测质量。现将仪器性能及实际应用体会介绍如下。     

日立7600-020全自动生化分析仪维护保养科学化的重要性

探讨日立7600-020全自动生化分析仪维护保养科学化的重要性.日立7600-020全自动生化分析仪是由日本株式会社生产的一种自动化程度高,高灵敏度,高稳定性,操作简便快速的生化分析仪,由于可进行模块组合,满足不同级别用户的要求,因此受到了大中型医院的青睐.而随着医院检验科的发展,自动化检测系统的广泛应用,全自动生化分析仪的使用维护及管理的科学化制度势在必行[1].     

低功耗心电分析监护仪设计

研究设计出了一种低功耗的便携式液晶显示心电分析监护仪,除了对其总体方案进行了论证外,还完成了硬件和软件的设计。系统采用80196单片微型计算机为中央处理器,对实时心电信号进行数据处理和分析。该机除了具有一般监护性能外,同时还具有五种心律失常分析、报警,以及冻结、自动走纸记录功能,交、直供电,携带方便。简化硬件电路,优化软件结构,采用并实现了多种低功耗设计方法以及液晶显示模块化设计。     

市售腊肠中总亚硝基化合物检测

目的建立腊肠总亚硝基化合物(TNOC)测定方法,调查腊肠中TNOC污染情况。方法在以往液体标本测定方法的基础上建立腊肠TNOC的化学裂解-热能分析仪测定方法,该法具有区分热和酸不稳定物质的优点。随机采集市售腊肠32份,采用化学裂解-热能分析仪法测定腊肠中总亚硝基化合物含量。结果研究发现,AG1-X8阴离子树脂可以有效去除样品中硝酸盐的干扰,又不影响亚硝基化合物的测定;0.2%HCl/HAc既能很好裂解NaNO2,又不会使不稳定的亚硝酰胺大量分解;样品加标平均回收率为86%(83%~89%);TNOC检出限为6.6μg(N-NO)/kg,相对标准差为5.9%。32份腊肠样品中TNOC检出率为93.8%;平均含量为49.09μg/kg(95%CI39.15~126.35μg/kg)。结论该方法具有准确性和可重复性。腊肠中TNOC污染较普遍,应当加强这方面的食品卫生监督。     

用海伦娜（Helena）报告生成语言优化海伦娜电泳仪报告

介绍ＨＲＧＬ的结构和相应细节。在此基础上分析和实现了对报告打印的优化。     

计算机辅助血沉分析仪软硬件开发

本文介绍了一种血沉的计算机辅助分析方法,并设计了相应的测量仪器及分析软件,阐述了该仪器如何与计算机接口,最后分析了这种仪器用于临床医学的意义。     

Immunological and enzymatic studies of erythrocytic δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase

Summary The -aminolevulinate dehydratase (ALA.D) quantitative assay on a centrifugal fast analyser showed that subjects whose blood-lead level varies between 30 and 75 tg/100 ml (1.5 to 3.75 M/l) react to blood intoxication by synthesizing de novo an amount of enzyme correlating to blood-lead levels. At higher concentrations, the reactional synthesis occurs very rarely. These results suggest that enzyme is constitutive, but also inductible as soon as its substrate accumulates; this last ability may disappear at high blood-lead levels: a hypothesis is proposed thereafter.     

Comparison of lung histopathology and bronchoalveolar lavage cytology in mice and cotton rats infected with respiratory syncytial virus

Lung histology as well as cell number and size distribution in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were compared in Balb/c mice and in cotton rats, of various immune status regarding the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), when subjected to challenge with RSV. In mock-immunized animals, RSV infection typically caused microscopic inflammatory lesions of the lungs and the presence of inflammatory cells in the BAL. Immunization with a formalin inactivated vaccine prior to challenge increased the severity of the lung lesions and the number of cells recovered in the BAL. We observed that cotton rats are more convenient to study primary RSV infections, inasmuch naive subjects show more pronounced lesions than do naive mice. Conversely, the changes in lung histopathology and in BAL cytology associated with exposure to formalin inactivated vaccine prior to challenge were more apparent in mice, making them a more suitable model for potentiation studies. Moreover, mice showed less individual fluctuations than cotton rats. The reading of the lung sections could be made less tedious by use of computer image analysis, which results paralleled those of conventional examination. In mice, cytological analysis of the BAL could be used in place of lung histology for some potentiation studies since the number of cells recovered in BAL reflected the intensity of the lung lesions and size distribution profiles typical of potentiation were recognized.     

Efficient means of studying ancillary questions in clinical trials

Ancillary questions in clinical trials can often be answered by studying subcohorts of the participants. If the question compares responses between treatment groups, a subcohort that preserves the randomization can be used. However, if the question can be answered by analysis within a treatment group or by combining treatment groups, efficient methods developed for observational studies can be used. These methods include case-control and case-cohort methods.     

Proceedings: Research into foods from animal sources. I. Controlling level and type of fat

This review of research on the amount of fat and the fatty acid composition of the fat in meat and dairy products, primarily covering the research of the Agricultural Research Service, shows clearly that the agricultural producer can furnish the consumer what he wants, as has been done in the past. The lean meat of our best beef, pork, and poultry can be used at any desirable level in a mixed diet with 35% of total calories from fat. Fat content of dairy products is readily controlled by processing, as is done commercially now.Major changes in composition of fats of ruminants can be made by feeding “protected” polyunsaturated oils.The fatty acid composition of monogastric animals, hogs, chickens, turkeys, etc. can be readily controlled by the diet food.The cholesterol content of eggs can be experimentally reduced by dietary means, and perhaps by genetic changes.The usefulness of the results cited in making changes in the American food supply is not clear. What changes should be made, what changes can be made, will depend on further research in human and animal nutrition, economics, and social attitudes.     

Molecular basis of cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by an autonomous proliferation of neoplastic cells which have a number of alterations, including mutations and genetic instability. Cellular functions are controlled by proteins, and because these proteins are encoded by DNA organized into genes, molecular studies have shown that cancer is a paradigm of acquired genetic disease. The process of protein production involves a cascade of several different steps, each with its attendant enzymes, which are also encoded by DNA and regulated by other proteins. Most steps in the process can be affected, eventually leading to an alteration in the amount or structure of proteins, which in turn affects cellular function. However, whereas cellular function may be altered by disturbance of one gene, malignant transformation is thought to require two or more abnormalities occurring in the same cell. Although there are mechanisms responsible for DNA maintenance and repair, the basic structure of DNA and the order of the nucleotide bases can be mutated. These mutations can be inherited or can occur sporadically, and can be present in all cells or only in the tumor cells. At the nucleotide level, these mutations can be substitutions, additions or deletions. Several of the oncogenes discussed below, including the p53, c-fms, and Ras genes, can be activated by point mutations that lead to aminoacid substitution in critical portions of the protein. This article examines the current concepts relating to cellular mechanism that underlie the molecular alterations that characterize the development of cancer.     

药店医保定点规划方法的实证研究:思路、步骤和效果预测

以华东某地区为例,收集、整理当地的人口分布、道路交通、行政区划、药店分布等基础数据,运用地理信息系统软件及其功能模块,进行规划和定点,测算增补前后医保定点药店的数量及分布。方案一以15分钟步行距离为标准对零售药店基层药事服务圈进行划分,该地区需要增加医保定点药店548家,服务区域占比可提高12.36%,服务人口占比可提高10.82%,定点药店良性竞争率提高8.36%。方案二以10分钟步行距离为标准对零售药店基层药事服务圈进行划分,显示该地区需要增加医保定点药店1 197家;服务区域占比可提高15.23%,服务人口占比可提高20.49%,定点药店良性竞争率提高19%。