提高基层医院护理质量的尝试

护理质量是医疗质量的一个重要组成部分。随着人民群众生活水平的不断提高和对生命质量的注重，对健康的认识也从“仅仅没有疾病和衰弱”拓展到“躯体、精神的完好状态和良好的社会适应”，即包含人的生理、心理、社会、文化等各层面在内的整体的健康观念。正如世界卫生组织前总干事布伦特兰博士阐述的“护理服务是达到卫生和社会发展目标的重要资源．也是全球卫生服务体系的支柱。”因此现代护理的内涵也随之拓展，对医院特别是基层医院的护理质量提出了更高的要求。为提高基层医院护理质量，进行了一些努力，现总结如下。     

县级医院整体护理深入开展的难点及对策

随着广大护理人员对整体护理认识和理解的加深，上世纪90年代许多县级医院试行整体护理工作模式的开展，通过十多年的推广，虽然取得了一定实效，但是在实践中，所遇到的一些难点问题没有得到应有的解决，使县级医院整体护理工作的开展仍处于停滞不前的状态。     

影响县级及基层医院护理质量因素之我见

护理工作是一门特殊的职业,是医疗卫生工作的重要组成部分。随着科学技术的进步,健康科学的发展以及医学模式的转变,护理服务的内涵和方向的拓展,人民群众对护理工作的要求日益增高。现将影响县级及基层医院护理质量及护理事业发展的因素浅谈如下。1影响护理质量的因素1.1医院领导对护理工作的重要性认识不足目前不少医院的领导对护理工作的专业性及重要性认识不足,认为护士仅仅是技术操作工而已,只要打好针、发对药、照顾好病人即可,医院创品牌,创效益完全依于医疗专家和医生。在改革中片面地理解减员增效和成本核算,将护士的人力成本一减…     

基层医院护理质量管理问题初探

随着社会经济的发展，人们生活水平的不断提高，人们实际需求和价值观念的变化，医学模式的转变，我国卫生事业进入一个新的发展时期，基层医院护理质量管理面临着许多新的问题。本文对目前基层医院护理质量管理中存在的主要问题，提出一些改进措施及改进中需要注意的问题。现将其介绍如下。     

浅谈县级医院如何提高护理质量及管理水平

护理工作是整个医院工作中的组成部分,护理质量的高低直接影响着医院工作的整体质量。护理队伍和建设是整个医院建设的基础,也是医院整体目标实现的基础。为适应我院深化改革的需要,现就如何提高县级医院护理质量及护理管理水平谈谈个人的看法。 一、影响护理质量的不利因素 护理质量的优劣与多方面因素有关,但是最根本的因素是管理水平。     

合格医学人才培养及对策

加强医疗卫生服务,提高人民健康水平,是构建社会主义和谐社会的重要任务之一。胡锦涛总书记指出：“医疗卫生事业是造福人民的事业,关系广大人民群众的切身利益,关系千家万户的幸福安康,也关系经济社会协调发展,关系国家和民族的未来。”[第一段]     

基层医院健康教育存在的问题分析及对策

随着医学模式和护理模式的转变，健康教育作为整体护理的重要一环，在临床护理工作中发挥着重要作用。然而在基层医院，由于诸多因素的影响，健康教育未能发挥应有的作用。     

影响循证护理工作的推广因素和对策

循证护理是循证医学的一个分支，是近年来国内迅速兴起的一门新的学科，它将护理行为由过去的理论知识加个人经验的模式转变为运用当前最好的证据为护理对象提供高质量的服务模式，使各项护理措施更安全、有效。循证护理工作的推广无疑有利于保护护理人员，提高护理质量，促进我国护理工作进入一个新的台阶。目前，我国循证护理工作尚未能广泛推广，其中存在多种因素，本文对此问题作简要分析并提出如何改进护理工作模式的具体措施。     

影响我系护理科研发展的因素及建议

在世界全球化经济进程的推动下,护理进入了一个专业化快速发展阶段,随着国内外高等护理教育的不断发展和完善,护理学科在人类健康维持、疾病预防、卫生宣教、保健康复等领域的深入拓展,护理科研越来越受到人们的重视.     

Factors influencing home care nursing problems and nursing care

This study was conducted to determine the contributions of sociodemographic factors, medical conditions, and nursing dependency to nursing problems identified and nursing care provided to patients during a home care nursing visit. Patient interviews, direct observation of nursing care, record abstraction, and nurses' reports were used to obtain data from 438 patients receiving nursing visits from a certified home health agency. Nursing dependency was the strongest predictor of the nursing problems of and nursing care provided to home care patients. Measures of nursing dependency should be incorporated in models to determine the extent of nursing problems and nursing care provided in the home and in models of home care nursing reimbursement. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Factors influencing the development and use of interactive video in nursing education. A Delphi study

The purpose of this study was to identify factors impeding development and use of interactive video (IAV) in nursing education in order to specify actions that would facilitate its development and use. Nurse educators with experience in development of IAV programs were defined as the experts, and a three-round Delphi study was conducted. Study findings revealed that participants were aware of obstacles to development and were able to suggest some ways to overcome them. Subjects clearly identified content they want in IAV programs, and were especially united on applications for simulations. They agreed on benefits of IAV for students, but were less certain about how it might affect faculty roles, and were undecided about measurable advantages of IAV. Conservative predictions were made about how evolving IAV technology might change the process of nurse education in the future. To promote IAV development and use the author recommends cooperative efforts between nurse educators and developers in the business sector and an educational thrust targeted for specific groups. Moving beyond existing nursing roles and institutional models, the author makes two major suggestions: establishment of a new nursing specialist, the nurse/instructional designer, and the creation of an information center staffed by these new specialists who will design and develop programs, provide education and consultation, maintain a clearinghouse for IAV programs, research, and technology, and take a leadership role in the integration of this powerful instructional delivery system into the entire health field.     

绩效考评在县级医院急诊科护理管理中的应用

目的探讨绩效考评在本院急诊科护理管理中的应用效果。方法成立科室考评小组。制订考评细则及计分标准,当月底由科室考评小组进行综合评定,下月初公布各人累积分值,无异议后将考评结果报院财务室核算发放个人绩效工资。结果实施绩效考评后患者满意度、护理部质量检查得分、科室自评得分均高于实施考评前水平（均P〈0．05）。实施绩效考评后科室年均收入及年人均绩效工资均较实施前增长了30．5％。结论将绩效考评纳入急诊科护理管理中提高了管理工作的科学性,有利于调动护理人员工作积极性,提高急诊科护理服务质量和患者满意度。     

Factors influencing nursing leadership effectiveness in Hong Kong

BACKGROUND: Nursing education in Hong Kong has undergone major reform in recent years, similar to that in Australia and the United Kingdom (UK), involving the introduction of degree level preparation. Although there were some changes in the nursing education system, the reform was considered slow. While a combination of complex factors contributed to the reform, the effects of nurse leaders was instrumental in influencing policy development. AIM: This study investigated the factors that influenced the effectiveness of nursing leadership in the reform of nursing education in Hong Kong. DESIGN: A case study approach was used. Methods of data collection included document search and semi-structured interviews (n = 27). The time frame of the study extended from the first proposal of nursing degree programme in the year 1985 to 2000 by which 200 nursing degree places were secured. RESULTS: Situational variables that impacted on leadership effectiveness were categorized as barriers and facilitators. Barriers were related to nursing professional socialization in a health care system that was dominated by the medical profession. Facilitators were related to socio-politic-economical changes in the wider environment. CONCLUSION: This study suggests the importance of education, positive socialization and unity in promoting nursing leadership development.     

影响我院基础护理质量的因素分析

目的了解我院基础护理工作现状,采取措施改进工作方法,提高基础护理质量。方法分析基础护理质量检查中发现的主要问题,并分析其发生的原因。结果我院基础护理质量较高,病人较满意,但在床单位整齐与舒适、管道护理、晨晚间护理、护士操作等方面,存在影响护理质量的因素。结论各级护理人员要重视和加强基础护理工作,落实各项规章制度,不断提高护理质量。     

基础护理达标率的影响因素及调查分析

目的 为了解病人关注的基础达标率状况及其影响因素,用全新的护理方式方法满足病人的健康需求.方法 向住院病人发放自制的基础护理达标现状调查表,同时向在岗护理人员发放达标率影响因素调查问卷,督促其准确填写,并收集、整理、分析.结果 除病情观察符合达标率标准外,其余各项均低于规定标准.结论 基础护理达标率维持在较低水平、基础护理质量有待提高,需针对影响因素采取积极有效的干预措施,提高基础护理质量,满足患者对健康的需求.