Surgical treatment of hepatic haemangiomas: a 15-year experience

BACKGROUND: Hepatic haemangiomas are congenital vascular malformations. They are the most common benign tumours of the liver and are often asymptomatic. Spontaneous or traumatic rupture, intratumoral bleeding, consumption coagulopathy and rapid growth are the mandatory surgical indications. We present our experience over the last 15 years with the surgical management of 15 liver haemangiomas to clarify the safety and effectiveness of this treatment. METHODS: There were 15 patients with hepatic haemangiomas who were surgically treated from 1990 to 2004. Indications for the operation were spontaneous or traumatic rupture, consumption coagulopathy, rapid growth, abdominal pain and uncertain diagnosis. Four of these lesions were located on the left lobe, nine on the right lobe; one lesion was located on the left and the right lobes and one on segments VII and VIII. Methods for diagnosis included ultrasonography, computed tomography scan, magnetic resonance imaging and selective hepatic arteriography or combinations of more than one technique. RESULTS: The procedures included five right-extended lobectomies, five right lobectomies, one left-extended lobectomy, two left lobectomies and two segmental resections. There was no death. The postoperative morbidity was minimal and was mainly correlated to two subdiaphragmatic collections, one intra-abdominal collection and one wound infection. The postoperative hospital stay was 12.7 days (range, 10-19 days). During the follow-up period, there was no recurrence. CONCLUSION: The resection of the hepatic haemangioma is safe. The indications for resection, however, should be carefully analysed before embarking on such a major operation.     

Maternal cardiac arrest in a tertiary care centre during 1989-2011: a case series

Purpose

To review and report maternal and neonatal outcomes after cardiac arrest during pregnancy in a large tertiary care centre and to consider steps to improve the outcomes.

Clinical features

We performed a retrospective chart review of maternal cardiac arrest in the Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto health records database for the period 1989-2011. Five cases were identified for an incidence of 1:24,883 deliveries (0.004%). Four of the five women were obese and older than 35 yr. Two women had pre-existing cardiac conditions, and one had placenta accrete. All three underwent perimortem Cesarean delivery (PMCD), but none of these procedures was done within the recommended time of the “four-minute rule.” Two of the three women had repeated arrests and subsequently died. The other two women were in labour, received regional analgesia, and had assisted vaginal deliveries. Both of these patients survived, and all survivors (mothers and neonates) were neurologically intact. Four of five neonates survived. The etiology of the cardiac arrest was indeterminate in all five cases, although suspected amniotic fluid embolism was considered the most likely contributing factor in the majority of cases. Overall, the quality of the charting was inconsistent and incomplete.

Conclusions

This series of five cases highlights the challenges to meeting the rule of initiating PMCD within four minutes of maternal cardiac arrest onset. We suggest focusing on the quality of ongoing resuscitation efforts and early delivery as our experience shows that mother and neonate can survive beyond five minutes after arrest. Improved documentation and creation of a national database for these rare events should be considered.     

Surgical interventions in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: Retrospective analysis of 74 patients treated at a tertiary level care centre

Background Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is a serious threat to tuberculosis control world wide with ominous implications in Indian context. The medical treatment of this disease is expensive, toxic and, most unfortunately, far from satisfactory. In carefully selected cases adjuvant surgery plays very significant role in achieving bacteriological cure. Methods Retrospective analysis was done in 74 cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, in whom some surgical interventions were carried out at L.R.S. Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases New Delhi between the years 1999 to 2003. There were 52 male and 22 female patients in the age group of 24 to 40 years. All were sputum positive at the time of surgery. Majority of patients were treated with pulmonary resections (Pneumonectomy [n=37], Bilobectomy [n=09] and Lobectomy [n=21]) while Primary Thoracoplasty with Apicolysis was planned in 7 patients. Post operatively 2^nd line anti tubercular chemotherapy was prescribed for 24 months. Results There were 03 early and 02 late deaths. Postoperative complications were seen in 24 cases. Eight patients developed bronchopleural fistula with empyema. At a mean follow-up of 2.8 years bacteriological cure was achieved in 62 patients Conclusion Judiciously performed adjuvant surgery can yield excellent long term bacteriological cure with acceptable mortality and morbidity in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Morbidity and drug compliance remain as problem areas.     

Clinical assessment of spinal and epidural anesthesia in inguinal hernia repair

Purpose. The current study was done to compare the effect of spinal and epidural anesthesia on surgical outcome measures of inguinal herniorrhaphy. Methods. Ninety-eight male patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair were randomized to either spinal (SA; n = 39) or epidural (EA; n = 59) anesthesia groups anesthetized with either glycosylated bupivacaine (20 mg) or 0.5 % bupivacaine (100 mg). Anesthesia onset time (AOT), postoperative stand-up time (SUT), first pain sensation time (FPT), operation time (OT), analgesic requirement (AR), hospital stay (HS), visual analogue scores of pain (VAS), per- and postoperative complications, and postanesthesia complications were recorded and compared with each other. Results. FPT was 6.6 ± 0.6 h and 3.1 ± 0.4 h and OT was 40 ± 2 min and 33.1 ± 1 min in the EA and SA groups, respectively (p < 0.05). SUT was also longer in EA group. VAS scores at 12 and 24 h were significantly higher in the EA group (28 ± 4 mm and 24 ± 5 mm in EA and 16 ± 4 and 5 ± 1 mm in SA; P < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the SA and EA groups with respect to the other outcome measures that were considered. Conclusion. Spinal and epidural anesthesia show some differences from each other with respect to outcome measures such as OT, SUT, FPT, and 12- and 24-h VAS scores. Received: October 10, 2000 / Accepted: November 30, 2001     

Neuroblastoma: Outcome over a 14 year period from a tertiary care referral centre in India

Purpose

To evaluate the outcome of children with neuroblastoma (NB) from a tertiary care referral centre in India.

Method

All children with NB registered from October 1996 through July 2009 were included in the study. INSS was used for staging. All children included in the study received chemotherapy and radiation therapy appropriate for stage. Tumor resection was done when feasible. The final outcome was overall survival and it was categorized as Complete Response (CR), Partial Response (PR); No Response (NR) and Progressive Disease (PD). Analysis of three-year overall survival was done using Kaplan Meier method and Log Rank test of significance. Multivariate analysis for significance of age, site and stage was performed.

Results

144 children in the age range of 1–132 months (median 36) were enrolled. Only 38 (26.4%) children were below 12 months. 112 (77.8%) of the tumors were abdominal and 32 (22.2%) were extra-abdominal. Stage distribution was 1 + 2 in 6 (4.2%); 3 in 58 (40.3%); 4 in 68 (47.2%); 4 s in 12 (8.3%). 83 (57.6%) underwent gross complete resection. At the time of last follow-up, 100 (69.4%) were alive [60 CR (41.7%); 33 PR; 7 PD/NR] and 44 (30.6%) were dead [1CR; 11PR; 32 PD/NR]. The three-year OS was 60.7% [95 CI 50.4–69.5]. The OS was 69.7% for those < 12 months of age [95 CI 51.8–82.0] and CR was achieved in 57.9%, while for those > 12 months the OS was 55.3% [95 CI 42.2–66.6] and CR was achieved in 35.8% (p = 0.73). All 6 (100%) patients with Stage 1 and Stage 2 disease were alive and disease free. The OS was 71.5% for Stage 3[95 CI 55.3–82.7] and CR was achieved in 56.9%, while for Stage 4 the OS was 35.7%[95 CI 19.3–52.4] and CR was achieved in 17.6% (p = 0.001). The OS was 83.3% for 4 s [95 CI 48.2–95.6] and CR was achieved in 75%.

Conclusion

All the six children with Stage 1 & 2 achieved CR and were alive, while 57% of Stage 3 could achieve CR and had an OS of 71.5%. The OS (35.7%) and CR (17.6%) for Stage 4 were significantly less (p = 0.001).     

Tattoo and epidural analgesia: Rise and fall of a myth

Since 2002, it has been unclear whether epidural analgesia (EA) could safe through a lower back tattoo. Theoretical risks of pigment tissue coring have led to precautionary measures and misconception that EA should be excluded. We reviewed chronologically the 18 years of medical literature summarizing the so-called risks of EA through lower back tattoo in parturient women. To date, no convincing complication has been ever reported after an EA through a tattoo. We hope this review will bring a closure to a 18-year-old “non-issue” that has poisoned and stressed unnecessarily a generation of parturient.     

Heterotopic Ossification following acetabular fixation: Incidence and risk factors: 10-year experience of a tertiary centre

BackgroundHeterotopic Ossification (HO) is a well-recognized complication following acetabular fracture fixation and its presence is prognostic for suboptimal clinical outcome. There are many controversies pertaining to its aetiology, including surgical approach, associated injuries and the use of HO prophylaxis. Long term data from high volume centres is necessary to address these issues.AimTo determine the incidence of HO post open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of acetabular fractures and to examine the associated risk and prognostic factors.MethodWe studied a cohort of 369 consecutive acetabular fractures that underwent ORIF at our institution over a 10 year period. Data was analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsThe existence of HO was evident in 65 patients (17.62%), of these 39 (60.0%) were Class I, 16 (24.6%) were Class II, 8 (12.3%) were Class III, and 2 (3.1%) were Class IV according to Brooker Classification. We found a significant association between admission to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (P-value = 0.039), chest injury (P-value = 0.013), multiple fractures (P-value = 0.005), and the time lapse between injury and operation (P-value = 0.025), and some statistical significance with surgical approach, ipsilateral fractures, open fractures, tibial and patellar fractures. Age over 30 years as the only prognostic factor for severe HO. Prophylaxis with Indomethacin did not appear to confer any benefit in our patient group.ConclusionThe risk factors for developing HO following acetabular fracture fixation are multifactorial and include admission to ICU, associated chest injuries, multiple fractures and delay between injury and surgery. Surgical approach, ipsilateral fractures and tibia and patellar fractures may also play a role. Age over thirty years was the only prognostic factor for developing severe HO.     

Rectal cancer in young adults: a series of 102 patients at a tertiary care centre in India

Objective  Rectal cancer in young patients is uncommon. There is little information on rectal cancer in young adults in India. The aim of this study was to determine the relative incidence of rectal cancer in young patients in India and identify any differences in histological grade and pathological stage between younger and older cohorts.
Method  All adult patients presenting at a tertiary colorectal unit with primary rectal adenocarcinoma between September 2003 and August 2007 were included. Patients were divided into two groups: 40 years and younger, and older than 40 years. Details regarding patient demographics, preoperative assessment, management and tumour grade and stage were obtained from a prospectively maintained database.
Results  One hundred and two of 287 patients (35.5%) were 40 or younger at presentation. Younger patients were more likely to present with less favourable histological features (52.0% vs 20.5% ( P  < 0.001)) and low rectal tumours (63.0% vs 50.0%) ( P  = 0.043), but were equally likely to undergo curative surgery compared to the older group ( P  = 0.629). Younger patients undergoing surgery had a higher pathological T stage (T0–2 18.9%, T3 62.3%, T4 19.7% vs 34.5%, 56.0%, 9.5%) ( P  = 0.027) and more advanced pathological N stage (N0 31.1%, N1 41.0%, N2 27.9% vs 53.4%, 26.7%, 17.2%) ( P  = 0.014).
Conclusion  The relative number of young patients with rectal cancer in this Indian series is higher than figures reported in western populations. The reasons for this are not clear. The histopathological features of rectal tumours in young patients in this study are consistent with similar studies in Western populations.     

Surgical management of empyema thoracis – experience of a decade in a tertiary care centre in India

Introduction and purposeEmpyema thoracis (ET) is defined as the accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity. Early stages of ET are treated medically and the late stages surgically. Decortication, thoracoplasty, window procedure (Eloesser flap procedure) and rib resections are the open surgical procedures executed. There are no strict guidelines available in developing nations to guide surgical decision-making, as to which procedure is to be followed.MethodsDetails of all adult patients treated surgically for ET, between the years 2009 and 2019, and maintained in a live database in our institute, were retrieved and analysed. Medically managed patients were excluded.ResultsThere were 437 patients in the study. The average age was 38 years. There was right side preponderance with a male:female ratio of 5:1. Tuberculosis was the commonest aetiology identified in 248 (57%) patients and diabetes was the commonest co-morbidity present in 97 (22%) patients. There was a higher incidence of a window procedure (WP) in tubercular patients 145 (59%). Only 26 (14%) of the non-tubercular patients underwent a WP. Post-operative complications were persistent air leak in 12 (6%) patients and premature closure of a window in 7 (4%) patients. There were 4 (0.9%) post-operative mortalities.ConclusionSurgical management of late stages of ET provides good results with minimal morbidity and mortality. In developing nations like India, the high incidence of tuberculosis and late presentations make the surgical management difficult and the strategies different from those in developed nations. No clear guidelines exist for the surgical management of ET in developing nations. There is a need for a consensus on the surgical management of empyema in such countries.     

Decompression only versus fusion in octogenarians with spinal epidural abscesses: early complications,clinical and radiological outcome with 2-year follow-up

Despite increased life expectancy due to health care quality improvements globally, pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (PVO) treatment with a spinal epidural abscess (SEA) remains challenging in patients older than 80 years. We aimed to assess octogenarians for PVO prevalence with SEA and compare after-surgery clinical outcomes of decompression and decompression and instrumentation. A retrospective review of electronic medical records at a single institution was conducted between September 2005 and December 2020. Patient demographics, surgical characteristics, complications, hospital course, and 90-day mortality were collected. Comorbidities were assessed using the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). Over 16 years, 35 patients aged ≥80 years with PVO and SEA were identified. Eighteen patients underwent surgical decompression (“decompression group”), and 17 underwent surgical decompression with instrumentation (“instrumentation group”). Both groups had a CCI >6 (mean±SD, 8.9±2.1 vs. 9.6±2.7, respectively; p=0.065). Instrumentation group patients had a significantly longer hospital stay but no ICU stay. In-hospital and 90-days mortality rates were similar in both groups. The mean follow-up was 26.6±12.4 months. No further surgeries were performed. Infection levels and neurological status were improved in both groups at discharge. At the second-stage analysis, significant improvements in the blood infection parameters and the neurological status were detected in the decompression group. Octogenarians with PVO and SEA have a high adverse events risk after surgical procedures. Surgical decompression might contribute to earlier clinical recovery in older patients. Thus, the surgical approach should be discussed with patients and their relatives and be carefully weighed.

     

Postoperative neurological complications in intradural extramedullary tumors: A 10-year experience of a single center

BackgroundIntradural extramedullary spinal cord tumors (IDEMs) cause neurological symptoms due to compression of the spinal cord and caudal nerves. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of postoperative neurological complications after surgical resection of IDEM and to identify factors associated with such postoperative neurological complications.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 85 patients who underwent tumor resection for IDEM between 2010 and 2020. We investigated the postoperative worsening of neurological disorders. The patients were divided into two groups: those with and without postoperative neurological complications. Patient demographic characteristics, tumor level, histological type, and surgery-related factors were also compared.ResultsThe mean age at the time of surgery was 57.4 years, and histological analysis revealed 45 cases of schwannoma, 34 cases of meningioma, three cases of myxopapillary ependymoma, one case of ependymoma, one case of hemangioblastoma and one case of lipoma. There were five cases (5.8%) of postoperative neurological complications, and four patients improved within 6 months after surgery, and one patient had residual worsening. There were no statistically significant differences in age, sex, tumor location, preoperative modified McCormick Scale grade, histology, tumor occupancy, or whether fixation was performed in the presence or absence of postoperative neurological complications. All four cases of meningioma with postoperative neurological complications had preoperative neuropathy and meningiomas were located in the anterior or lateral thoracic spine.ConclusionsNeurological complications after surgical resection for IDEM occurred in 5.8% of patients. Meningiomas with postoperative neurological complications located anteriorly or laterally in the thoracic spine.     

Spinal epidural abscess: aetiology, predisponent factors and clinical outcomes in a 4-year prospective study

Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a rare, but serious, condition with multiple causes. We prospectively studied the aetiology, predisposing factors, and clinical outcomes of SEA in all patients with SEA treated in our hospital’s neurosurgical service from 2004 to 2008. For each patient, we recorded the medical history, comorbidities, focus of infection, pathogen(s), and outcome. The 36 patients (19 women and 17 men) ranged in age from 34 to 80 years old (mean 57; median 56). The SEA was primary (i.e., due to haematogenous spread) in 16 patients (44%); it was secondary to elective spinal procedures, either injections or surgery, in 20 patients (56%). The duration of follow-up was 12–60 months (mean 36; median 37.5). The most common pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus, was found in 18 patients (50%). Patients with primary SEA had different underlying diseases and a wider range of pathogens than those with secondary SEA. Only five patients (14%) had no major comorbidity; 16 of the 20 patients with secondary SEA (44% of the overall group) had undergone spinal surgery before developing the SEA; the treatment of the SEA involved multiple surgical operations in all 16 of these patients, and spinal instrumentation in 5 (14%); 22 patients (61% of the overall group) recovered fully.     

Cycling and spinal trauma: A worrying trend in referrals to a national spine centre

Introduction

Cycling has seen a large increase in popularity worldwide over the last number of years. This has been linked to an increase in the number of road traffic accidents involving cyclists. Participation in cycling as part of competitive sport and endurance events has seen particular growth.

Combined injuries in the upper cervical spine: clinical and epidemiological data over a 14-year period

Concomitant traumatic injuries in the upper cervical spine are often encountered and rarely reported. We examined the data concerning 784 patients with cervical spine injuries following trauma, including 116 patients with upper cervical spine injuries. Twenty-six percent of patients with upper cervical spine injuries (31 cases) were found to have combined injuries involving either the upper or the upper and lower cervical spine. The frequent patterns were combined type I bipedicular fracture of the axis and dens fracture, and combined dens fracture and fracture of the posterior arch of C1. Other patterns posed specific problems, such as combined dens and Jefferson fracture and combined dens and C2 articular pillar fracture. Seventy percent of atlas fractures, 30% of C2 traumatic spondylolistheses and 30% of dens fractures were part of a combination. A total of 1.7% of patients with lower cervical spine injuries had a combined injury in the upper cervical spine. A comprehensive therapeutic schedule is outlined. Combined injuries in the upper cervical spine should be sought in any patient with a cervical spine injury. Received: 11 October 1999/Revised: 12 February 2000/Accepted: 1 March 2000     

Clinical and radiological characteristics of spinal epidural lipomatosis: A retrospective review of 90 consecutive patients

BackgroundThe epidemiology and clinical characteristics of spinal epidural lipomatosis (SEL) have been well-reported in the literature. However, few studies investigated the concomitant spinal pathologies that were present in patients with SEL. Therefore, we aimed to summarize the clinical and radiological characteristics of patients with SEL diagnosed on spinal imaging.MethodsPatients who were diagnosed with SEL on magnetic resonance imaging from January 2018 to October 2020 at our institution were included in the study. Clinical data was collected using a standardized data collection form. SEL was graded using a modified version of the Borré grading system. Factors associated with moderate or severe SEL were determined using multiple logistic regression.ResultsA total of 90 patients were included in the analysis. The mean (±SD) age was 59.3 (±17.1) years, and 62 patients (68.9%) were male. 61 patients (67.8%) had moderate or severe SEL. Most patients were overweight or obese (57 patients, 63.3%). The most common presenting symptoms was back pain (57 patients, 63.3%). SEL was diagnosed incidentally in 42 patients (46.7%). The lumbar spine was the most common site of SEL (35 patients, 38.9%). The most common concomitant spinal pathologies were disc bulge (83 patients, 92.2%) and flavum hypertrophy (60 patients, 66.7%). Moderate or severe SEL was associated with WHO Obesity Class, back pain or radicular leg pain at first presentation, and SEL that was worst at the lumbar or lumbosacral spinal level.ConclusionsModerate or severe SEL were independently associated with WHO Obesity Class, back pain, radicular leg pain, and SEL that was worst at the lumbar or lumbosacral spinal level. Future studies should prospectively evaluate whether weight loss therapy is warranted in patients with SEL.     

转移瘤硬膜外脊髓压迫症运动功能障碍与影像学及临床特征相关性分析

目的：探讨转移瘤硬膜外脊髓压迫症（metastaticepiduralspinalcordcompression,MESCC）运动功能障碍与影像学及临床特征的相关性。方法：自2006年7月至2008年12月对连续收治的26例MESCC患者43个主要病变椎体进行MRI及CT扫描评估,并进行运动功能障碍评分。结果：26例MESCC患者中,12例发生内脏转移,其中10例发生运动功能障碍;14例无内脏转移,其中4例发生运动功能障碍（P=O．0079）。主要病变椎体连续组中,16椎发生运动功能障碍;主要病变椎体非连续组中,9椎发生运动功能障碍（P=0．1034）。主要病变椎体累及椎板组中,11椎发生运动功能障碍;主要病变椎体未累及椎板组中,14椎发生运动功能障碍（降0．0205）。主要病变椎体后壁向后突出组中,12椎发生运动功能障碍;主要病变椎体后壁无向后突出组中,13椎发生运动功能障碍（P=0．0334）。侵犯椎管内硬膜外组织组中,11椎发生运动功能障碍;未侵犯椎管内硬膜外组织组中,14椎发生运动功能障碍（P=O．0036）。转移瘤患者年龄、性别、术前接受正规化疗、转移灶部位腰背部疼痛程度、原发肿瘤已行根治手术、原发肿瘤治疗效果、脊柱外骨转移灶数目、主要受累脊椎数目、主要病变椎体节段、连续病变椎体节段、累及椎体、椎体前柱骨折、椎体后壁骨折、累及椎弓根等因素对MESCC运动功能障碍影响均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：发生内脏转移、主要病变椎体累及椎板、椎体后壁向后突出、转移瘤侵犯椎管内硬膜外组织的MESCC较易发生运动功能障碍,转移瘤连续病椎的发生率于颈椎和上胸椎组最高。     

Trichobezoar with and without Rapunzel syndrome in paediatric population: A case series from a tertiary care centre of Northern India

IntroductionTrichobezoars are concretions formed by accumulation of hair in stomach. Usually, trichobezoar is confined to the stomach, but rarely it may extend from the stomach to the small intestine and even colon. This is an unusual form called Rapunzel syndrome. Our experience with this rare entity of Rapunzel syndrome and interesting entity of trichobezoar is being presented with review of literature.Presentation of casesWe, at our institute, encountered four cases of trichobezoar in last five years, out of which two were found to be of Rapunzel syndrome. All of these cases were managed successfully by open surgical intervention in view of the very large size of the mass in all the cases.DiscussionThe clinical presentation is highly variable ranging from asymptomatic cases diagnosed incidently to serious gastrointestinal symptoms and complications. Cases of trichobezoar have been reported in literature very infrequently but Rapunzel syndrome is extremely rare and less than 50 cases have been reported in medical literature till date.ConclusionTrichobezoar leading to Rapunzel syndrome is an extremely rare entity. The clinical presentation is usually vague and non-specific. Treatment is mainly surgical because of delayed presentation in majority of the cases. Psychiatric illness is the usual association.     

分离手术治疗老年脊柱骨转移瘤的临床研究

目的总结分离手术治疗老年脊柱骨转移瘤的临床特征。 方法回顾性分析解放军第九六〇医院2014年1月至2018年12月间所有接受分离手术的老年脊柱骨转移瘤患者的临床资料,按性别、年龄、肿瘤类型、累及部位、脊柱稳定性评分（SINS）、硬膜外脊髓压迫分级（ESCC分级）、神经功能评价（Frankel分级）、肿瘤处理方式、内固定方式、手术时间、出血量、术前合并内科疾病、围手术期并发症分别进行统计,分析其临床特征。 结果33例老年脊柱骨转移瘤患者纳入本研究,其中男14例（42.4%）,女19例（57.6%）,男女比例为0.74∶1。发病年龄为60～75岁,平均年龄65.2岁,Frankel神经功能分级包括：A级2例,B级1例,C级2例,D级19例,E级9例。SINS平均得分为11.6分,最低分8分,最高分16分。ESCC分级,1b2例,1c2例,2级13例,3级16例。术前合并内科疾病患者17例,无内科疾病患者16例,7例患者在椎体肿瘤刮除后行直视下骨水泥填塞,另外26例患者均单纯行肿瘤刮除。所有患者均行椎弓根螺钉固定,平均使用螺钉数为7.2（4～9）个。中位出血量600（150～2500）ml。中位手术时间168（94～277）min。3例患者出现了围手术期并发症。29例（87.9%）患者获得术后症状改善。 结论存在硬膜外压迫的老年脊柱骨转移瘤患者,在做好围手术期准备后,采用分离手术能够在控制创伤的同时获得良好的症状改善。