超高效液相色谱法检测食品黄曲霉毒素

目的 建立一种快速、灵敏、简便的超高效液相色谱法(UPLC)同时测定食品中黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)、B2(AFB2)、G1(AFG1)、G2(AFG2)水平的方法.方法 样品用乙腈水(84:16)提取液提取后过滤,滤液经黄曲霉毒素多功能净化柱(MFC)净化,纯化液经浓缩挥干后,加三氟乙酸(TFA)衍生后,用带有荧光检测器的超高效液相色谱仪测定.结果 4种黄曲霉毒素5min完全分离,线性范围质量浓度分别为0.10～100.00μg/L(AFB1、AFG1)、0.05～50.00μg/L(AFB2、AFG2),最低检出质量分数分别为0.04μg/kg(AFB1、AFG1)、0.02μg/kg(AFB2、AFG2),大米、玉米、花生、油炸面点回收率为80.0%～101.2%,相对标准偏差＜5%,r≥0.999.结论 该方法简单、快速、灵敏度高,适用于食品中4种黄曲霉毒素水平的同时测定.     

自动血沉分析仪检测评价

目的 :探讨自动血沉分析仪快速测定与传统魏氏法的可比性。方法 :6 1份标本用自动血沉分析仪和魏氏法同时测定血沉 (ESR) ,并对魏氏法测得的值进行温度校正。结果 :魏氏法在 2 2～ 2 6℃之间测得的值为 :15例 >2 0～ 4 0mm/h ,2 7例 1～2 0mm/h ,19例 >4 0mm/h ,与自动血沉分析仪比较差异均无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。对两种方法的“差值”进行比较 ,以超出ESR± 10mm/h为界 ,自动血沉分析仪 1～ 2 0mm/h(2 7例 )、2 0～ 4 0mm/h(18例 )、>4 0mm/h(17例 )与魏氏法相比分别有 0、3、9例超出范围。结论 :自动血沉分析仪在常温下与魏氏法相关性较好 ,且具有测定时间缩短、能自动记录、批量测定的优点。     

鱼胆中毒7例临床分析

1　资料与方法7例鱼胆中毒患者 ,男 4例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 2 5～67岁 ,平均年龄 37岁 ,既往无心、肝、肾疾病。其中生食草鱼胆 4例 ,鲤鱼胆 2例 ,鲢鱼胆 1例。全部患者均采晨起空腹血 5 m L,用全自动生化仪测定谷草转氨酶 ( AST)、谷丙转氨酶 ( ALT)、肌酐 ( Cr)、尿素 ( BUN)、肌酸激酶同工酶 ( CK- MB) ,并定期复查。2　结果具体测定结果见表 1表 1　鱼胆中毒 7例心、肝、肾损害检测结果项目测定值平均值正常参考值AST( U /L ) 869.7～ 12 3 0 .110 81.5± 2 3 4.3 10～ 42AL T( U/L) 692 .6～ 112 3 .3 92 5 .7± 2 93 .610～ 40…     

免疫抑制法直接测定血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇试剂盒的评价

目的 :评价免疫抑制法直接测定血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL -C)试剂盒是否符合临床应用要求。方法 :将免疫抑制法与磷钨酸———镁法 (PTA)和选择性抑制法进行比较 ,并分析其线性范围、精密度、准确度和干扰因素。结果 :免疫抑制法 (Y)与PTA法 (X1)的回归方程为Y =0 .993X1 0 .2 1 3,r =0 .981 ;与选择性抑制法 (X2 )的回归方程为Y =1 .0 1X2 0 .1 77) ,r =0 .971 ;Y与X1、X2 所测得的均值无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;HDL -C浓度在 0 5 1～ 2 .5 5mmol/L范围内线性良好。对高、中、低血清标本进行精密度测定 ,批内CV值分别为 1 35 %、1 6 7%和 2 0 1 % ,日间CV值分别为 2 78%、3 1 4%和 3 43%。回收率为 97 8%～ 1 0 0 .9% ,平均回收率为 99 2 %。胆红素 ( <2 5 0 μmol/L)、血红蛋白 ( <5 g/L) ,抗坏血酸 ( <2 0 0 μmol/L)、TG( <1 0mmol/L)不干扰测定。 结论 :日本和光公司生产的免疫抑制法直接测定血清HDL -C试剂盒符合临床应用要求 ,可用于自动化分析     

两种抗凝剂测定红细胞沉降率的对比分析

①目的　对两种抗凝剂进行对比测定分析。②方法　采用枸橼酸钠和肝素两种抗凝剂 ,对 79例正常人和 36例病人的红细胞沉降率 (ESR)进行了测定。③结果　正常人用枸橼酸钠抗凝剂测定的ESR男性为(5 .6± 4 .7)mm/ 1h ,女性为 (9.7± 5 .2 )mm/ 1h ;用肝素抗凝剂测定的ESR男性为 (1 2 .0± 9.3)mm/ 1h ,女性为(2 0 .3± 1 0 .5 )mm/ 1h。同时 ,病人组用枸橼酸钠抗凝剂测定的ESR男性为 (37.7± 2 6 .4 )mm/ 1h ,女性为 (4 0 .2±1 2 .9)mm/ 1h ;用肝素抗凝剂测定的ESR男性为 (71 .2± 2 6 .1 )mm/ 1h ,女性为 (74 .6± 2 4 .9)mm/ 1h。两种抗凝剂的测定值在正常人和病人组均有显著性差异 (t=4 .4 1 0～ 1 4 .992 ,P <0 .0 1 )。④结论　用肝素做抗凝剂时 ,需建立新的正常参考值     

化学发光免疫吸附法测定血清肌红蛋白

本文介绍了一种简单、灵敏、固相的肌红蛋白(Mb-IgG)鲁米诺化学发光免疫分析法(LIA),测定肌红蛋白(Mb),范围1～500mg/L,用血清50ml。其原理是抗 Mb 抗体固相与血清 Mb 特异结合,在碱性条件下结合的复合物与鲁米诺反应,根据发光强度测定 Mb 的量。测定方法:(1)Mb 的放免测定按药盒说明进行,标准刻度曲线31～250μg/L,(2)将5μg 纯的抗 Mb-IgG 溶于1ml 碳酸缓冲液(40mmol/LpH9.6Na_2CO_3)包被试管,置4℃保存。用含0.05%吐温20PBS 洗试     

6种凝血活酶试剂测定凝血酶原时间评价

目的探讨不同来源的凝血活酶试剂对凝血酶原时间(PT)测定的影响.方法选择病人组40例及抗凝治疗组20例,在STA-Compact全自动凝血仪上采用配套试剂(R1)和其他5种不同ISI值的凝血活酶试剂(R2～6)测定PT,结果用SPSS10.0 for Windows 2000进行统计学处理.结果R1～R5测定PT的批内CV为1.15%～4.9%,R6为7.3%;R1和R2的批间CV分别为2.38%、3.45%,R3～R6为6.43%～8.10%;与R1测定结果相比较,R2～R6测定病人组PT的相关系数分别为0.992、0.912、0.940、0.600和0.120,其中R6测定PT有显著性差异(P＜0.05);当凝血酶原时间国际标准化比值(INR)＞2.0时,R3～R6测定抗凝治疗组的INR结果差异均有显著性意义(P＜0.05).加入33.3μmol/L胆红质、8.6mmol/L甘油三脂和0.62g/L血红蛋白对R2～R6测定PT均有显著性影响(P＜0.05).结论除该仪器配套试剂R1外,其它5种不同来源的凝血活酶试剂对测定结果均存在不同程度的差异.建议使用原装配套试剂与仪器组成标准的检测系统,有效确保PT测定结果的准确性和可靠性.     

CT检查对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病预后判断的价值

目的　探讨CT检查对判断新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病 (HIE)预后的价值。方法　对 85例HIE患儿分别在生后 1周内、2周～ 2个月、3～ 6个月、1～ 1 5岁进行CT检查 ;同时在生后12～ 14d进行新生儿行为神经测定 ;在 1～ 1 5岁测定发育商判断预后。结果　生后 1周内CT结果分度为重度者预后不良率为 4 0 9% (9/ 2 2 ) ,为中度者预后不良率为 5 7% (3/ 5 2 ) ;2个月时CT随访结果异常者预后不良率为 6 0 0 % (6 / 10 ) ;CT结果中度且 12～ 14d的NBNA评分≥ 35分与 <35分者的预后差异无显著性 ,CT结果重度且 12～ 14d的NBNA评分 <35分者有 72 7% (8/ 11)预后不良。结论　生后 1周内CT分度及生后 1个月左右随访结果 ,同时结合临床、生后 12～ 14dNBNA评分对判断HIE患儿的预后、制定治疗方案及疗程有重要意义。     

高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与载脂蛋白A1、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与载脂蛋白B的相关性分析

目的　探讨不同甘油三酯 (TG)水平下 ,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)与载脂蛋白A1(apoA1)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)与载脂蛋白B (apoB)的相关性。方法　测定 6 71例患者血清HDL C、LDL C、apoA1和apoB ,根据不同TG浓度分以下 6组 :TG <1 70mmol/L、TG 1 70～ 2 2 6mmol/L、TG 2 2 7～ 3 4 0mmol/L、TG3 4 1～ 4 5 0mmol/L、TG 4 5 1～ 10 0 0mmol/L和TG >10 0 1mmol/L ,分析HDL C与apoA1、LDL C与aopB的相关性。结果　各组HDL C与apoA1、LDL C与apoB的Spearman相关分析结果 :①在TG <10 0 0mmol/L时均高度相关(P <0 0 1) :TG <1 70mmol/L (r =0 72 0 ,0 5 0 2 )、TG 170～ 2 2 6mmol/L (r =0 898,0 80 6 )、TG 2 2 7～ 3 4 0mmol/L (r =0 82 8,0 75 6 )、TG 3 4 1～ 4 5 0mmol/L (r =0 6 6 9,0 74 1)、TG4 5 1～ 10 0 0mmol/L (r =0 6 5 7,0 80 4 1) ;②TG >10 0 1mmol/L则不相关 (r = 0 16 7, 0 5 5 3)。结论　TG <10 0 0mmol/L时HDL C与apoA1、LDL C与apoB均高度正相关 ,TG >10 0 1mmol/L时则均不相关。     

体液免疫功能检查

一、免疫球蛋白测定 1.免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA、IgM和IgE测定 [参考值] IgG 7.2～16.85g/L (散射比浊法) IgA 0.69～3.85g/L (散射比浊法) IgM 0.63～2.77g/L (散射比浊法) IgE 0.1～0.9g/L (散射比浊法)     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.