HPLC法同时测定三七总皂苷中人参皂苷Rg1与Rb1的含量

目的：建立HPLC同时测定三七总皂苷中人参皂苷Rg1与Rb1的方法。方法：采用HPLC法，以茶碱为内标，氨基键合相为固定相，流动相为乙腈－水（80：20），检测波长203nm。结果：三七总皂苷中人参皂苷Rg1和Rb1与其他成分分离良好，保留时间分别约为5．7和21．5min。人参皂苷Rg1在80－280μg/mL（r=0.9995),Rb1在80－240μg/mL（r=0.9993)线性关系良好，Rg1和Rb1加样回收率分别为97．1％和98．4％，RSD分别为2．44％和2．35％（n=9)。结论：本法操作简便，准确，重现性好，可用于人参及三七的质量控制。     

薄层扫描法测定乳结散胶囊中人参皂苷Rb1、Rg1含量

目的：建立乳结散胶囊人参皂苷Rb1、人参皂苷Rg1含量测定方法。方法：采用薄层色谱扫描法（TLCS）测定人参皂苷Rb1、人参皂苷Rg1。结果：服结散胶囊中人参皂苷Rb1、人参皂苷Rg1含量测定方法的平均加样回收率分别为97．39％、97．12％，RSD分别为2．38％、2．25％（n=5).结论：该方法简便、快速，专属性强，重现性好，可用于乳结散胶囊含量测定。     

HPLC测定胃宁分散片中三七皂苷R1与人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1的含量

[目的]建立胃宁分散片中三七皂苷R1与人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1的含量测定方法。[方法]采用HPLC法：Lichrospher C18色谱柱（4．6mm×250mm，5μm）；以乙腈-水为流动相，梯度洗脱；检测波长为203nm；流速为1ml／min；柱温为35℃。[结果]三七皂苷R1进样量在0．116--2．32μg、人参皂苷Rg1在0．406-8．12μg、人参皂苷Rb1在0．404-8．08μg范围内线性关系良好，相关系数r=0．9999；平均加样回收率为97．91％，RSD为1．30％（n=6）。[结论]本方法操作简便、可靠，适用于该制剂的含量测定。     

三七中人参皂苷Rg1的提取及含量测定

目的：测定三七中人参皂苷Rg1含量,优化三七皂苷的超声提取工艺。方法：高效液相色谱法测定人参皂苷Rg1的含量,色谱条件为：C18柱（4.6 mm×200 mm,5μm）,以乙腈-蒸馏水（24∶76）为流动相,检测波长为203 nm,流速为1.0 ml/min。以人参皂苷Rg1为指标,正交试验优化三七皂苷的提取工艺。结果：人参皂苷Rg1进样量在0.312～2.496μg范围内呈良好线性关系,平均回收率为100.8%,三七的最佳提取条件是10倍量60%乙醇超声30 min。结论：本法提取率较高,含量测定方法准确可靠。     

薄层扫描法测定复方丹参片中人参皂苷Rg1含量

目的：建立复方丹参片中三七人参皂苷Rg1的含量测定方法。方法：用双波长薄层扫描色谱法检测复方丹参片中三七人参皂苷Rg1及其含量,以三氯甲烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-水（15：40：20：10）为展开剂,100g／L硫酸乙醇溶液为显色剂。结果：人参皂苷Rg1回收率为98．4％,RSD〈1.42％。结论：该方法准确可靠,重现,胜好,结果稳定,能有效地监控本品质量。     

HPLC法测定红药片中三皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rg1的含量

目的：建立高效液相法同时测定红药片中三七皂苷R1和人参皂苷Rg1含量的方法。方法：液相条件Shim-Pack VPODS柱，流动相为乙腈-0．05％磷酸溶液（20：80），流速为1．0ml／min，检测波长为203nm，柱温为25℃。结果：三七皂苷R1的回归方程为Y=140994X＋4793．2（r=0．9991，n=5）。线性范围0．5255-1．5770μg，人参皂苷Rg1的回归方程为Y=128600X＋178309（r=0．9993，n=5），线性范围2．103-6．308μg；其平均同收率分别为97．94％-198．91％。结论：此法简便、结果可靠，为红药片质量标准控制提供快速准确的测定方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定调经养颜片中人参皂苷Rg_1的含量

目的:研究调经养颜片(黄芪、女贞子等)中人参皂苷Rg1的含量测定方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定人参皂苷Rg1的含量。结果:人参皂苷Rg1的平均加样回收率为97.89%,RSD为1.1(n=6),在0.4μg~10μg范围内,有良好线性关系(r=0.9991)。结论:该方法简便、灵敏、重复性好,可作为调经养颜片中人参皂苷Rg1的含量测定方法。     

RP-HPLC法测定开心散中人参皂苷Rg1和Re的含量

【目的】建立高效液相色谱法（RP-HPLC）测定开心散中有效成分人参皂苷Rg1和Re含量的方法。【方法】采用Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱（4．6×250mm，5μm），美国Agilent公司；流动相：乙腈-0．05％磷酸水（19：81）；流速：1．0ml／min；柱温：25℃；检测波长：203nm。【结果】人参皂苷Rg1在0．0011～0．0176mg呈良好线性关系（r=0．9999，n=5），平均回收率为96．07％，RSD为0．77％（n=3）；人参皂苷Re在0．0005～0．0080mg呈良好线性关系（r=0．9999，n=5），平均回收率为98．98％，RSD为1．46％（n=3）。【结论】用本法测定开心散中人参皂苷含量，操作简便，结果准确，且可同时对人参皂苷Rg1及Re进行测定。此法可作为开心散有效部位的质量控制方法之一。     

补益口服液中人参皂苷Rg1的含量测定方法

目的采用薄层扫描法对补益口服液中人参皂苷Rg1含量进行测定。方法样品经适当提取后点于硅胶G薄层板上，以氯仿-醋酸乙酯-甲醇-水(16：47：20：18)10℃以下放置的下层溶液为展开剂，10％硫酸乙醇显色，单波长反射法锯齿扫描，λ=530nm。结果点样量在1．2～8．0μg范围内呈良好的线性关系，其回归方程为：y=-223．4 1468．8x，r=0．9995；平均回收率为98．80％，RSD=0．69％。结论此方法简便，灵敏，数据准确，为复方中人参皂苷Bg1的含量测定提供了一个简单可行的方法。     

参血胶囊中人参皂苷Rb1、Re、Rg1含量的测定

[目的]建立高效液相色谱法测定参血胶囊中人参皂苷Rb1、Re、Rg1含量测定方法。[方法]采用HP1100高效液相色谱仪(包括G1314A可变波长紫外检测器,HP化学工作站,G1322A真空脱气机,HP1100四元泵),ZORBAX SB-C18柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)。人参皂苷Rb1流动相:乙腈-水(30∶70);人参皂苷Re、Rg1流动相:乙腈-水(20∶80)。紫外检测波长:203nm,流速:1.0ml/min,进样量10μl。[结果]人参皂苷Rb1在0.752μg～9.4μg范围内呈现良好的线性关系,平均回收率为101.2%(n=6)。人参皂苷Rg1在0.408μg～3.4μg范围内呈现良好的线性关系,平均回收率为99.2%(n=6)人参皂苷Re在0.576μg～3.6μg范围内呈现良好的线性关系,平均回收率为99.7%(n=6)。人参皂苷Rb1、Rg1和Re日内精密度(n=6)RSD分别为0.92%、0.60%及0.78%;人参皂苷Rb1、Rg1和Re日间精密度(n=5)RSD分别为1.20%、0.96%及1.27%。[结论]该法简便、准确、具有专属性,可用于测定参血胶囊中人参皂苷Rb1、Re、Rg1的含量。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.