Identification of occult breast lesions detected by magnetic resonance imaging with targeted ultrasound: A prospective study

Objective

To verify the capacity of targeted ultrasound (US) to identify additional lesions detected on breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but occult to initial mammography, US and clinical examinations.

Methods

This prospective study included 68 additional relevant breast lesions identified on MRI of 49 patients. As an inclusion criterion, breast US and mammography were required and performed up to six months before MRI. These lesions were then subjected to targeted “second-look” US up to 2 weeks after MRI, performed by one or two radiologists with expertise on breast imaging. Lesions were evaluated according to the established Breast Imaging Report and Data System (BI-RADS) lexicon.

Results

Targeted US identified 46/68 (67.6%) lesions revealed by MRI. No significant associations were observed between US identification and the type of lesion, dimensions, morphological characteristics and enhancement pattern according to MRI findings. Targeted US identified 100% of BI-RADS category 5 lesions, 90% of category 4 lesions, and just over 50% of category 3 lesions (p < 0.05). There was significant agreement (p < 0.001) between MRI and US BI-RADS classification for all three categories.

Conclusion

Targeted US can identify a large proportion of the lesions detected by breast MRI, especially those at high risk of malignancy, when performed by a professional with experience in both breast US and MRI.     

First clinical use of a standardized three-dimensional ultrasound for breast imaging

Objectives

The feasibility, image quality, and diagnostic potential of the prototype of an automated ultrasound (US) breast scanner were examined.

Methods

Ninety-seven patients with suspicious breast lesions had mammograms, manual US, and an automated breast US. The data were evaluated according to the breast imaging reporting and data system (BIRADS) classification, image quality, and amount to diagnostic information. All lesions were confirmed histological.

Results

The image quality of the three-dimensional (3D) data sets was equal to or satisfactory compared with cross-sectional images from manual US in at least 72% of cases (p < 0.05). The diagnostic information was equal or superior in at least 63% of cases (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Standardized 3D US scanning is a promising diagnostic adjunct to mammography, but is no substitute for manual US at the current stage of development.     

磁共振扩散加权成像在乳腺病变诊断中的应用

目的：探讨单纯磁共振扩散加权成像对诊断乳腺病变的临床应用价值。方法：对临床拟诊为乳腺肿块的37例患者行磁共振扩散加权成像检查,并获得病理证实,其中良性病灶18个,恶性病灶19个。描记扩散图像上病变的兴趣区,由软件计算获得表观扩散系数（ADC）值。对获取数据进行统计分析,采用t检验对良性和恶性病变的ADC值进行比较。结果：12例良性病变在DWI上呈等信号或高信号,但ADC值升高或下降不明显,6例良性病变DWI上呈高信号,ADC值明显下降;19例恶性肿瘤DWI上呈高信号,ADC值明显下降。良性病变组ADC值为（1.474±0.441）×10^-3mm^2/s,恶性病变组ADC值为（1.082±0.160）×10^-3mm^2/s,两者间差异有显著性意义（P=0.002）。结论：MR扩散加权成像ADC值测量在乳腺病变定性诊断中有一定的辅助诊断价值。     

MR扩散加权成像鉴别乳腺良恶性病变的研究

目的　探讨磁共振扩散加权成像(diffusion weightedMRimaging, DW MRI)的表观扩散系数(apparentdiffusioncoefficient, ADC)在乳腺病变鉴别诊断中的价值。方法　DW- MRI采用单次激发平面回波成像(echo planarimaging, EPI)技术, 扩散敏感系数(b值)分别为0、500、1000s/mm2。计算26个正常乳腺、手术病理证实的24个恶性病灶、30个良性病灶分别在b=1000~0、1000~500、500~0s/mm2 时的ADC值,比较良恶性病变、正常腺体间ADC值差异的统计学意义及b=1000~0、1000~500、500~0s/mm2 间ADC值差异的统计学意义。结果　乳腺良、恶性病变、正常腺体间ADC值差异均有统计学意义(F= 565. 74,P<0 .01),恶性病变ADC值明显低于良性病变和正常腺体组织,良性病变ADC值明显低于正常腺体组织; 3组b值间ADC值差异均有统计学意义(F=21. 30,P<0 .01),b值越低,ADC值越大;把恶性肿瘤ADC值95%可信区间上界( 1. 01×10-3 )mm2 /s定为良恶性病变鉴别的界值,诊断敏感性为64 .0%,特异性为96 .7%。结论　根据ADC值可以对乳腺良恶性病变做出鉴别诊断,其特异性较高,但敏感性较低。     

Analysis of 107 breast lesions with automated 3D ultrasound and comparison with mammography and manual ultrasound

Objectives

Our aim was to investigate the diagnostic potential of an automated ultrasound (US) breast scanner prototype and compare it with manual US and mammography.

Methods

Ninety-seven patients with a total of 107 breast lesions had mammograms, manual US and an automated breast US scan. Multiplanar reconstructions in coronal, axial and the sagittal view were reconstructed from the automated dataset and visualized. After biopsy, all lesions were confirmed histologically. The data were evaluated according to the BIRADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) classification. The sensitivity and specificity were analyzed.

Results

The BIRADS criterion “margin” was significantly related to the overall BIRADS classification, independently of the US method being used. The sensitivity of mammography was significantly lower than of each US method (Fisher's exact test with p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the US methods.

Conclusions

The reconstructed third (axial) image plane of the whole breast, which corresponds to a craniocaudal mammogram, can give additional information about both, site and differential diagnosis of a lesion. Although image quality was sufficient, automated US is not good enough to replace manual US at this time.     

磁共振动态增强、扩散加权成像联合应用对乳腺病变的诊断价值

目的：探讨单一磁共振动态增强扫描诊断试验、扩散加权成像诊断试验及其联合应用对乳腺病变定性诊断的敏感性、特异性和阳性似然比、阴性似然比,比较其诊断效能。方法：对临床拟诊肿块的患者37例,同时进行动态增强扫描和扩散加权成像检查,均获得手术和病理证实,其中良性病灶18个,恶性病灶19个。对病变的边缘、形态特征、动态增强表现及时间一信号强度曲线采用评分法对病变性质分恶性、可疑恶性及良性三组进行判断。参照动态增强病变位置确定扩散图像病变所在,描记扩散图像上病变的感兴趣区,由软件计算获得表观扩散系数（ADC）值。对获取数据进行统计分析,采用t检验统计学方法进行良性和恶性ADC值比较。联合动态增强扫描和ADC值,采用评分法根据积分情况进行综合定性诊断。比较动态增强扫描、DWI ADC值及联合应用对乳腺病变定性诊断效能。结果：动态增强扫描（病灶边缘、形态学表现结合时间-信号强度曲线）诊断乳腺病变的敏感性、特异性和阳性似然比、阴性似然比分别为89．5％、72．2％和3．221、0．146。良性病变组ADC值1．474±0．441（×100^-3mm^2／s）,恶性病变组ADC值1．082±0．160（×10^-3mm^2／s）,两者间有显著统计学差异（P=0．002,〈0．05）。ADC值诊断敏感性、特异性和阳性似然比、阴性似然比分别为94．7％、66．7％和2．842、0．079。动态增强扫描和DWI-ADC值联合诊断的敏感性、特异性和阳性似然比、阴性似然比分别为94．7％、83．3％和5．684、0．063。结论：磁共振动态增强、扩散加权成像联合应用对乳腺病变的定性诊断敏感性、特异性、阳性似然比、阴性似然比均较单一动态增强扫描或扩散成像诊断效能强。     

MRI扩散加权成像对乳腺良恶性病变的诊断

目的:探讨磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)对乳腺良恶性疾病的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析40例经病理确诊的乳腺疾病,其中良性病变22个,恶性病变18个;均行DWI检查,测定病灶区表观扩散系数(ADC值),与正常组织进行比较,计算相对表观扩散系数(rADC值),应用SPSS 16.0软件比较其平均值,并以病理结果为金标准,作ROC曲线,求其最佳诊断阈值。结果:良性病变及恶性病变的ADC值分别为(1.55±0.35)×10-3和1.00±0.18)×10-3 mm2/s,其rADC值分别为(0.82±0.19)和(0.52±0.08)。良恶性病变组间均有统计学差异,以ADC值及rADC值为诊断标准作受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线),其中ADC值的曲线下面积(AUC)为(0.927±0.04),rADC值的AUC为(0.965±0.03),诊断阈值分别为1.17×10-3 mm2/s、0.66,相应敏感度及特异度分别为(90.9%、88.9%)和(95.5%、94.4%),rADC值的AUC、敏感度及特异度均高于ADC值。结论:DWI对乳腺良恶性病变的的诊断具有重要作用,其中rADC值有更好诊断效能。     

Indeterminate or suspicious breast lesions detected initially with MR imaging: value of MRI-directed breast ultrasound

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To retrospectively determine the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-directed breast ultrasonography (US) in the evaluation of indeterminate or suspicious lesions identified on contrast-enhanced, breast MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 395 patients presenting for breast MRI during a 4-year period was retrospectively reviewed. Seventy-one patients were recommended for MRI-directed US for further characterization of indeterminate or suspicious breast lesions detected on MRI. Fifty-five patients (all female; age 31-80 years) had US. Their MRI and US were reviewed and tested for correlations with histologic results or long term follow-up. Logistic regression analyses were used to test for associations between MRI lesion characteristics and US detection rate. RESULTS: US identified 46 of 97 (47%) lesions depicted at MRI from 55 patients (47 [85%] of these patients had histories of breast malignancies). Twelve cancers were found from the 97 lesions (12%). Biopsy was avoidable in 10 lesions (10%). The detection rate with US was slightly higher with "mass" (55% [23/42]) lesions described in MRI than "non-mass" lesions or lymph nodes (42% [23/55]). There was a significant positive association (odd ratio = 1.23: 95% CI = 1.05-1.43, P = .01) between US detection rate and MRI mass lesion size. There was no statistical significance between US detection rate and the presence of malignancies; 42% (5/12) of MRI malignant lesions were not visualized with US. CONCLUSIONS: MRI-directed US reduced the number of biopsies required for indeterminate or suspicious MRI lesions. Nevertheless, the lesions which were biopsied had a low rate of malignancy.     

Differentiating benign from malignant solid breast lesions: Combined utility of conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in comparison with magnetic resonance imaging

Objective

To prospectively evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of conventional ultrasound (US), contrast-enhanced US (CEUS), the combined use of two modalities, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the differentiation of focal solid breast lesions.

Materials and methods

61 patients with BI-RADS category 3–5 breast lesions detected at conventional US underwent CEUS and MRI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of conventional US, CEUS, combination of two modalities and MRI for discrimination between benign and malignant breast lesions.

Results

Tissue specimens of 61 breast lesions were obtained either from surgical resection (n = 46) or from needle biopsy (n = 15). Histopathologic diagnosis revealed 28 benign and 33 malignant lesions. The diagnostic performance of conventional US and CEUS in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions showed no significant difference (P = 0.741). The combination of two modalities significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy compared with either conventional US or CEUS alone (P = 0.031 and P = 0.012, respectively). The area under the ROC curve (A_z) value for the combined use of two modalities for discrimination between benign and malignant breast lesions was 0.94, and that for MRI was 0.91, whereas no statistical difference was found between them (P = 0.296).

Conclusion

The combined use of conventional US and CEUS has a better diagnostic performance than either method alone and displays good agreement with MRI in the differentiation capability for benign and malignant breast lesions.     

高b值MR扩散加权成像在乳腺良恶性病变诊断中的应用价值

目的 评价高b值MR DWI及ADC值在乳腺良恶性病变诊断中的应用价值.方法 165例患者在行乳腺MR动态增强扫描前行不同b值(分别为500、1500 s/mm2)的DWI扫描,对171个怀疑或高度怀疑恶性病变者行回顾性分析.以正常乳腺组织为参考基准,选择增强图像中异常强化的高信号病变,同时在高b值(b= 1500 s/mm2)DWI中视觉判定是高信号的病变定义为恶性病变阳性结果,否则为良性病变阴性结果.对其中111个DWI视觉判定阳性结果的病变计算ADC值.依据全部病变穿刺活检病理诊断结果,应用Fisher精确检验和Wilcoxon秩和检验对比分析高b值DWI视觉评估中恶性和良性病变的阳性和阴性病灶数,以ADC值=1.13×10-3 mm2/s作为临界值,计算诊断的特异度和敏感度.结果 乳腺病变穿刺活检病理证实的171个乳腺病变中,91个恶性病变,80个良性病变.高b值DWI视觉评估,139个阳性结果中,恶性病变83个,良性病变56个;32个阴性结果中,良性病变24个,恶性病变8个(非肿块性导管原位癌),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).所有浸润性癌和肿块样导管原位癌(DCIS)在DWI视觉判定中为阳性,8例非肿块性DCIS判定为假阴性,总体的敏感度为91.2％ (83/91),特异性为30.0％ (24/80).110个肿块样病变和1个局灶性病变DWI视觉评估阳性结果的病变中,63个恶性病变平均ADC值为(0.73±0.24)×10-3 mm2/s,48个良性病变平均ADC值为(1.19±0.42)×10-3mm2/s,差异有统计学意义(Z=5.818,P＜0.01).以ADC值=1.13×10-3mm2/s作为临界值时,61个恶性病变为阳性结果,2个黏液癌为假阴性结果;27个良性病变为阴性结果,21个良性病变为假阳性,诊断敏感度是96.8％(61/63),特异度为56.2％ (27/48).结论 高b值DWI及ADC值对乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别诊断有一定的作用,但在诊断非肿块性乳腺病变时仍需慎重.     

三阴性乳腺癌的MRI影像学特点分析

目的：探讨三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）的特征性MRI影像学表现,并与非三阴性乳腺癌比较。方法：分析有完整资料的90例乳腺癌,所有病例术前均行乳腺MRI检查并经手术或病理证实,其中三阴性乳腺癌23例,非三阴性乳腺癌67例。纳入分析的病灶MRI表现包括病灶形状、边界、大小、数目、内部强化、时间信号强度曲线（TIC）类型和表观扩散系数（ADC）,并将MRI表现与病理结果作对照。结果：与非三阴性乳腺癌相比,TNBC在MRI上大多表现为边缘光整、环状强化及更低的ADC值。而在患者年龄,病灶形状、大小、数目及TIC上,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：乳腺癌MRI表现中病灶边界光整、增强时环状强化、较低的ADC值对诊断TNBC具有一定参考价值。     

Contralateral lesions detected by preoperative MRI in patients with recently diagnosed breast cancer: application of MR CAD in differentiation of benign and malignant lesions

Objectives

To retrospectively investigate the added value of kinetic features measured by computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) for differentiating benign and malignant contralateral breast lesions detected by preoperative MRI in breast cancer patients.

Methods

This study was approved by our institutional review board, and the requirement for informed consent was waived. Fifty-two breast MR images and their CAD kinetic features were obtained for 52 consecutive breast cancer patients with contralateral breast lesions detected by preoperative MRI and confirmed by excision (23 cancers and 29 benign lesions). Three experienced radiologists independently reviewed the MR images without CAD information and assessed probabilities of malignancy. Four weeks later, these probabilities were reanalyzed using stored CAD data. Diagnostic performances and detection rates of delayed washout components were compared between interpretations without and with CAD for each reader.

Results

Use of MR CAD increased detection of washout component by 2.4- to 3.7-fold than visual assessment for enhancing contralateral lesions, which increased sensitivity (91% vs. 87% in reader 1; 96% vs. 74% in reader 2; 91% vs. 70% in reader 3) and decreased specificity, but statistical significance was only found for decreased specificity in one reader (52% vs. 28%, P = 0.039), and overall performance (areas under ROC curves 0.672 vs. 0.616 in reader 1; 0.624 vs. 0.603 in reader 2; 0.706 vs. 0.590 in reader 3) remained unimproved.

Conclusion

Addition of MR CAD increased sensitivity and decreased specificity than radiologist's assessment alone for differentiating benign and malignant contralateral lesions in breast cancer patients and overall performance remained unimproved.     

乳腺肿块动态增强及高分辨MRI表现与病理相关性研究

目的:探讨动态增强和高分辨MRI中乳腺良、恶性病灶的形态学及血液动力学特点,并与病理结果对照,研究其相关性。方法:31例女性患者,年龄21~66岁,平均44.6岁。所有病例均行动态增强和高分辨MRI扫描,用高压注射器,注射速率2.5ml/s。评价病灶增强图像形态学特点,并进行血流动力学分析。结果:31例患者MRI共发现51个病灶。其中恶性12例20个病灶,良性19例31个病灶。以形态不规则、毛刺征、环形强化作为诊断乳腺癌标准,敏感性分别为60%、70%、80%,特异性83.9%、100%、93.5%,准确率74.5%、88.2%、88.2%。纤维腺瘤或纤维腺瘤样增生特征性表现有分叶状、压脂T2WI及增强后低信号分隔,敏感性分别为68%、60%、72%,特异性分别为92.3%、92%、96.2%,准确率80.4%、76.5%、84.3%。早期增强率和时间信号百分比曲线类型分布在良恶性病灶之间的差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。以Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型曲线作为诊断乳腺癌的标准,敏感性90%,特异性86.6%,诊断准确率88%。结论:乳腺癌的特征性表现有形态不规则、环形强化和毛刺征。纤维腺瘤特征性表现有分叶状、T2WI及强化后可见低信号间隔。动态增强扫描中乳腺病变的时间-信号强度百分比曲线对鉴别良、恶性病变有较大意义,但是部分良、恶性病灶的曲线有重叠表现。     

Utility of second-look ultrasound in the management of incidental enhancing lesions detected by breast MR imaging

Purpose

To assess the utility of second-look ultrasound (US) for identifying and characterising incidental enhancing lesions detected by breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials and methods

From among 655 consecutive breast MRI studies, 62 lesions (MRI visible, nonpalpable, occult at first-look US and mammography) were recommended for second-look US. MRI enhancement of lesions was mass-like in 59 cases (95%) and non-mass-like in three (5%). Forty-two lesions (68%) were ??10 mm; only three lesions (5%) were >20 mm. Of all lesions, the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) MRI category was highly suggestive of malignancy in six cases (10%), suspicious abnormality in 33 (53%) and probably benign in 23 (37%). The correlation between MRI lesion appearance, lesion size, histopathology findings and detection rate at second-look US were analysed. The reference standard was histopathology and/or follow-up (range 18?C24 months). Statistical analysis was performed with the Fisher exact test.

Results

Second-look US identified 44 out of 62 (71%) lesions depicted at MRI. The detection rate at second-look US was higher for mass-like MRI lesions (75%) than nonmass-like lesions (0%), for lesion size >10mm (90%) and for BI-RADS 4 lesions (88%). Second-look US-guided biopsy detected 12 out of 17 (71%) malignant lesions. There was no correlation between the likelihood of carcinoma and the presence of a sonographic correlate.

Conclusions

Second-look US is a reliable problemsolving tool in identifying and characterising most incidental MRI findings. It contributes to accurately selecting the cases in which MRI-guided biopsy is required.     

MR背景抑制扩散加权成像在乳腺癌的应用

目的 探讨MR扩散加权成像(DWI)结合短时间反转恢复回波成像(STIR-EPI)背景抑制(BS)技术在乳腺癌成像的技术参数及其可行性.方法 回顾性分析26例乳腺癌的MR DWIBS测得各组织的表观扩散系数(ADC),利用三维最大强度投影(3D-MIP)重组及黑白反转技术,观察病变显示效果.观察乳腺痛DWI及DWIBS两种方法的显示率.对乳腺各组织的ADC值进行随机区组设计的方差分析,在乳腺癌与良性病变ADC值的比较中,采用t检验.对两种成像方法乳腺癌的显示率进行配对资料X2检验.结果 在扩散敏感因子(b)=800 mm2/s的图像中,乳腺癌多表现为高信号,其ADC值分别为:肿瘤实质(0.93±0.25)×10-3 mm2/s、瘤内坏死灶(2.06±0.17)×10-3 mm2/s、正常腺体(1.92±0.23)×10-3 mm2/s、转移性淋巴结(1.10 ± 0.14)×10-3mm2/s,各种组织间两两比较,差异具有统计学意义(P值均＜0.01).DWIBS经MIP重组及黑白反转技术,病变周围组织信号被抑制,得到类正电子发射体层成像(PET)图像.在乳腺癌中,DWIBS对肿瘤实质(92.3/)及转移性淋巴结(88.4/)的显示率要高于DWI序列(分别为57.6/和42.3/),差异有统计学意义(x2值分别为8.307、12.235,P均＜0.05).乳腺癌与良性病变ADC值分别为(1.092±0·17)×10-3和(2.154±0.53)×10-3mm2/s,差异有统计学意义(t=8.626,P＜0.05).结论 MRDWIBS在显示病灶方面有一定优势,应用DWI结合ADC值对乳腺癌的诊断具有临床应用前景.     

乳腺MRI背景实质强化的应用研究进展

乳腺MRI背景实质强化(BPE)是乳腺MRI上正常纤维腺体的增强,其影响因素主要包括乳腺血供解剖特征和激素对乳腺组织的作用。熟悉BPE的典型和不典型表现并结合相关病史,有利于合理诊断用以指导临床,而BPE在乳腺癌风险预测、保乳术后切缘评估、新辅助治疗疗效以及高危人群评估等方面的作用也被越来越多的研究者所关注。就BPE的影响因素、影像表现以及近期较为关注的相关临床应用行文献复习。     

MR扩散成像确定乳腺癌范围的研究

目的探讨利用MR扩散成像（DWI）和表观扩散系数（ADC）测定确定乳腺癌范围的可行性。方法测定57例59个乳腺癌在扩散敏感因子（b）值分别取500（b=500s·mm^-2组）和1000（b=1000s·mm^-2组）时的ADC值，根据设定的ADC值测量不同b值时的肿瘤范围；比较动态增强和DWI测量病灶大小的异同。以2条径线作为比较参照：病灶最大径、过最大径线中点并与之垂直的径线。所有测量结果与病理对照。结果（1）59个病灶包括浸润性导管癌48个，导管原位癌伴微浸润6个，黏液腺癌3个，髓样癌2个。（2）小于设定ADC值的异常区域作为扩散所测病灶大小。则b值为500和1000s·mm^-2时2组结果与病理检查肿瘤范围比较。范围一致组b=500s·mm^-2组略高于b=1000s·mm^-2组，但差异无统计学意义（χ^2=0．160，P=0．689）；过度诊断2组一致（2个）；假阴性b=500s·mm^-2组略低于b=1000s·mm^-2组（χ^2=0．172，P=0．679）。2组均诊断错误14个，分别是过度诊断2个，假阴性12个。8个病灶2组表现不一致，5个在b值为500s·mm^-2时诊断正确的病灶中，3个是导管原位癌伴微浸润。（3）以4min时测定的大小作为动态增强显示病灶的测定点，与同一层面DWI上显示的异常区域大小进行比较。两者符合47个（80％）；增强径线测定较小而DWI测定符合8个，其中3个为黏液腺癌，5个为浸润性导管癌3级。结论MR DWI和ADC测定可以对乳腺癌范围进行评价。对某些特定病理类型乳腺癌范围的测量，DWI有其优势。     

Real-time MRI navigated US: Role in diagnosis and guided biopsy of incidental breast lesions and axillary lymph nodes detected on breast MRI but not on second look US

Objectives

To prospectively evaluate the accuracy of real-time ultrasound combined with supine-MRI using volume navigation technique (RtMR-US) in diagnosis and biopsy of incidental breast lesions (ILSM) and axillary lymph nodes (LNSM) suspicious of malignancy on contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI).

Materials and methods

Five hundred and seventy-seven women were examined using breast CE-MRI. Those with incidental breast lesions not identified after second-look ultrasound (US) were recruited for RtMR-US. Biopsy was performed in ILSM. Breast lesions were categorized with BI-RADS system and Fisher’ exact test. Axillary lymph nodes morphology was described. To assess efficacy of RtMR-US, diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, detection rate and Kappa index of conventional-US and RtMR-US were calculated.

Results

Forty-three lesions were detected on CE-MRI before navigation. Eighteen were carcinomas and 25 ILSM. Of these, 21 underwent a RtMR-US. Detection rate on RtMR-US (90.7%) was higher than on conventional-US (43%) (p < 0.001). Agreement between both techniques was low (k = 0.138). Twenty ILSM and 2 LNSM were biopsied. Sixty-five percent were benign (100% of BI-RADS3 and 56% of BI-RADS4-5). Diagnostic performance of RtMR-US identifying malignant nodules for overall lesions and for the subgroup of ILSM was respectively: sensitivity 96.3% and 100%, specificity 18.8% and 30.7%, positive predictive value 66.7% and 43.7%, negative predictive value 75% and 100%. In addition RtMR-US enabled biopsy of 2 metastatic lymph nodes.

Conclusions

Real time-US with supine-MRI using a volume navigation technique increases the detection of ILSM. RtMR-US may be used to detect occult breast carcinomas and to assess cancer extension, preventing unnecessary MRI-guided biopsies and sentinel lymph node biopsies. Incidental lesions BI-RADS 3 non-detected on conventional-US are probably benign.     

ADC值和相对ADC鉴别乳腺良恶性病变的价值

目的 探讨ADC值和相对ADC(relative ADC,rADC)鉴别乳腺良恶性病变的价值.方法 回顾性分析2011年1月～2018年12月济宁医学院附属医院通过病理或活检证实的乳腺病变,其中良性病变组31例,恶性病变组41例,测量病变区ADC值及其周围正常腺体ADC值,并计算rADC(病变ADC值/周围正常腺体AD...     

小b值扩散加权成像对乳腺癌的诊断价值

目的:探讨小b值扩散加权成像(DWI)在诊断乳腺癌中的价值.方法:采用Philips 1.5T磁共振扫描仪对48例乳腺疾病患者行常规SE序列扫描、单次激发自旋回波-回波平面成像(SE-EPI)序列DWI及动态增强扫描.48例患者共检出53个病灶,其中良性肿瘤29个,恶性肿瘤24个,均经手术及病理证实;选择健康志愿者20...