孤立性蝶窦疾病159例临床分析

目的:分析孤立性蝶窦疾病的诊断与治疗方法,使其得到早期诊断、及时干预和治疗,以降低误诊率。方法:对159例孤立性蝶窦疾病患者进行回顾性分析。结果:孤立性蝶窦疾病患者最常见的临床症状是头痛(79.87%,127/159)。在159例患者中,60例(37.74%)为蝶窦囊肿,44例(27.67%)为单纯性蝶窦炎,31例(19.50%)为真菌性蝶窦炎,5例(3.14%)为蝶窦息肉,3例(1.89%)为骨纤维异常增殖症,2例(1.26%)为内翻性乳头状瘤,3例(1.89%)为脊索瘤,3例(1.89%)为鳞状细胞癌,3例(1.89%)为恶性淋巴瘤,2例(1.26%)为神经内分泌癌,2例(1.26%)为嗅神经母细胞瘤,1例(0.63%)为恶性纤维组织细胞瘤。术后随访10个月～4年,鼻内镜术后多数患者转归良好。结论:孤立性蝶窦疾病常无特异性症状及体征,最常见的临床症状是头痛,其次是视力障碍,鼻内镜下蝶窦开放术是首选的治疗方法。     

孤立性蝶窦疾病的临床分析

目的:探讨孤立性蝶窦疾病的临床特点和治疗方法,提高首诊准确率和治愈率,避免产生严重并发症.方法:回顾性分析46例孤立性蝶窦疾病患者的临床表现、影像学特点、病理类型和外科治疗效果.结果:本病主要症状为头痛和视力损害;影像学检查见蝶窦占位,部分可有骨质破坏;病理检查显示蝶窦炎症8例,真菌病19例,囊肿10例,息肉9例;全部患者经鼻内镜蝶窦开放手术.随访6个月以上,绝大部分患者症状明显好转,检查蝶窦开口通畅,窦腔无分泌物,窦壁光滑.结论:孤立性蝶窦疾病症状无特异性,鼻内镜和CT或MRI检查能提高术前诊断率,内镜鼻窦手术是治疗的首选术式.     

孤立性蝶窦疾病的诊断和治疗

过去一直认为孤立性蝶窦疾病发病率低,约占鼻窦病变的1．0％～2．7％,因蝶窦位置深在,与重要的组织结构相邻,解剖关系复杂,病变早期局限于蝶窦内,缺乏特异性的临床症状,给早期诊断和治疗带来很大困难,随着CT和MRI影像学技术的发展及鼻内镜的广泛应用,孤立性蝶窦疾病的报道逐渐增多。笔者通过对我院1996～2003年收治的22例孤立性蝶窦疾病患者的临床资料进行分析,探讨提高诊治水平的方法。     

孤立性蝶窦病变18例报告

孤立性蝶窦病变临床较少见 ,随着ＣＴ、ＭＲＩ等影像学技术的发展及鼻内镜在临床的广泛应用 ,该病的诊治水平有了很大的提高。我科 1 999～ 2 0 0 2年共收治 1 8例孤立性蝶窦病变患者 ,现将其临床资料报告如下。1　资料与方法1 .1 　 临床资料1 8例患者中 ,男 1 0例 ,女 8例 ;年龄 1 8～ 65岁 ,平均 45岁。病程 2 0ｄ～ 3年。其中孤立性蝶窦炎 9例 ,霉菌性蝶窦炎 5例 ,蝶窦粘液囊肿 4例。全部病例均经ＣＴ或ＭＲＩ确诊 ,术后经病理检查证实。主诉头痛 1 3例 ,头痛部位在双侧颞部、前额、球后、枕部和眶部 ,有的甚至表现为全头痛或部位不明确…     

18例孤立性蝶窦囊肿的诊断和治疗

蝶窦囊肿少见报道 ,随着CT、MRI等影像学技术的发展以及鼻内镜的广泛应用 ,该病的诊断和治疗水平有了很大提高。我科 1994～ 2 0 0 2年共收治18例孤立性蝶窦病变患者 ,现将其临床资料分析如下。1　资料与方法1.1　临床资料18例患者中 ,男 10例 ,女 8例 ;年龄 18～ 6 5岁 ,平均 4 5岁。病程 2 0d～ 1年。头痛 13例 (72 .2 %) ,头痛部位在双侧颞部、前额、球后、枕部和眶部 ,有的甚至表现为全头痛或部位不明确 ,头痛部位同蝶窦病变性质无相关性 ;视力下降或视物不清 8例 (4 4 .4 %) ,复视 5例(2 7.8%) ,眼球运动障碍 2例 (11.1%) ,其中 2例…     

孤立性蝶窦病变的诊治体会

随着诊断技术水平的不断提高，近年来孤立性蝶窦病变的发病率有明显的提高。我科2004年1月-2005年12月共收治孤立性蝶窦病变23例，经鼻内镜手术取得良好疗效。报道如下。     

孤立性蝶窦疾病的诊断和治疗

目的探讨孤立性蝶窦疾病的诊断和治疗方法.方法对本科2000年7月～2003年7月收治的孤立性蝶窦疾病16例,对其临床表现及治疗经过进行分析.结果16例中,炎性病变6例;囊肿5例;霉菌性蝶窦炎4例;恶性肿瘤1例.临床表现以头痛,眼部症状如上睑下垂、复视、视力下降为主.结论对不明原因的头痛、视力下降患者应高度怀疑蝶窦病变,宜及早进行鼻内镜、CT、MRI检查和早期治疗.鼻内镜下经鼻腔蝶窦进路是治疗孤立性蝶窦疾病的首选术式.     

孤立性蝶窦疾病的研究现状

孤立性蝶窦疾病是指原发并局限于蝶窦内的病变,未侵犯周围毗邻组织结构,其发病率约占鼻窦病变的1.0％ ～2.7％.临床症状多无特异性,早期多难以确诊,常导致误诊,延误治疗.根据近期有关文献,对孤立性蝶窦疾病从解剖学、临床症状、组成、影像学表现、诊断及治疗等方面进行综述.     

鼻内镜下鼻腔径路治疗孤立性蝶窦囊肿16例

孤立性蝶窦囊肿临床报道较少,近年来随着CT及MRI等影像学检查的应用以及鼻内镜技术的开展,对该病的诊断和治疗有了长足的进展。我科1997年1月~2002年6月经鼻内镜下鼻腔径路治疗孤立性蝶窦囊肿16例,现报道如下。1资料与方法1.1临床资料16例孤立性蝶窦囊肿病人中,男10例,女6例;年龄19~72岁,平均38.3岁。左侧10例,右侧5例,双侧1例。临床表现:①以头痛为主诉者12例。头痛部位无特异性,其中8例以头痛为唯一症状,3例以头痛首诊于神经科。②视力改变7例。表现为复视、视力减退者4例,眼球运动障碍、眼球外突者2例,流泪1例。③鼻部症状7例。表现为…     

17例孤立性蝶窦病变的临床分析

蝶窦因位于颅底，解剖位置深在、部位隐蔽，而且由于蝶窦病变引起的临床表现各异，单纯前鼻镜额镜检查时因受照明、角度等影响无法窥清蝶窦及蝶窦开口的病变情况，因此孤立性蝶窦病变临床上误诊率较高。随着CT和MRI等现代影象学的发展，特别是近几年鼻内镜外科技术的兴起，使孤应性蝶窦病变的诊断率得到明显提高，治疗上也取得突破性进展。本     

Isolated sphenoid sinus pathology: spectrum of diagnostic and treatment modalities

Objective

Isolated sphenoid sinus pathology is a relatively uncommon entity. The present study is a retrospective review of 40 patients with isolated sphenoid sinus pathology who were treated at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Alexandria University between July 2002 and December 2005. Special emphasis will be given to the role of various endoscopic approaches in the surgical management of isolated sphenoid sinus pathology. Factors that govern the selection of each approach will be discussed.

Methods

Extracted data included patient demographics, clinical presentation, imaging studies, treatment modalities and complications. Sphenoid sinus was approached through one of the following three approaches: (1) endoscopic transnasal approach, (2) endoscopic transseptal approach and (3) endoscopic transpterygoid approach. Outcome measures were based on assessment of patients’ symptoms and confirmation of a patent sphenoid sinus by office endoscopy.

Results

The pathology spectrum was rather wide and included 26 (65%) inflammatory conditions (acute/chronic sphenoiditis, mucoceles, and fungal sinusitis), 7 (17.5%) neoplasms and 7 (17.5%) miscellaneous conditions (cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea, sphenochoanal polyp, and fibrous dysplasia). The most common initial symptom was headache (50%) followed by ophthalmological symptoms (22.5%). Other presenting symptoms included CSF leak in five patients, epistaxis in four patients and nasal obstruction and/or rhinorrhea in two patients. Radiological workup included computed tomography (CT) scan of the paranasal sinuses in all patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in 21 patients (52.5%). The most common indication was a sphenoid mass based on endoscopic and CT findings. Four patients with acute/chronic sphenoiditis were successfully treated with medical therapy. One patient with fibrous dysplasia did not require any definitive treatment. Thirty-five patients underwent endoscopic surgery under general anaesthesia. An adjuvant radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy was utilized in two patients.

Conclusions

A high index of clinical suspicion, routine office nasal endoscopy and radiological imaging are central to making an accurate and timely diagnosis of isolated sphenoid sinus pathology. Surgical treatment of sphenoid pathology can be safely and successfully performed through a variety of endoscopic approaches. Selection of the most appropriate endoscopic approach is governed by the nature and location of sphenoid pathology as well as the anatomical configuration of the sphenoid sinus.     

孤立性蝶窦占位性病变的诊断与治疗

进一步认识孤立性窦占位性病变,提高对其诊断和治疗水平。方法在鼻内窥镜下摘除蝶窦囊肿２０例,行蝶窦探查术６例,经鼻外径路摘除囊肿３例,前颅底径路病变切除＋视神经减压术１例。结果２４例随０．５－４年无复发,１例术后不久囊肿复发,１例术后１年复发再次手术后随访１年无复发,１例正在放疗中３例失访。     

Isolated sphenoid sinus diseases: report of 76 cases

Conclusion. Inflammatory diseases, such as non-specific sinusitis, fungal sinusitis and mucocele, commonly involve the sphenoid sinus. Endoscopic surgery provides an easy and successful access to isolated sphenoid sinus diseases (ISSDs) with rare complications. Objectives. The incidence of ISSDs has decreased since a wide use of antibiotics. ISSDs can cause severe complications due to the deep location in the skull base. Endoscopic surgery for the sphenoid sinus has recently become popular, with several advantages. The aim of this study was to analyse ISSDs in terms of the clinical symptoms, histological diagnosis and treatment outcomes with our 22 years’ experience. Patients and methods. Seventy-six patients with ISSDs, who were treated at Seoul National University Hospital between 1985 and 2007, were analysed. Patients with lesions confined to the sphenoid sinus were included. A retrospective chart review was performed with respect to the symptoms, pathology and treatment outcomes. Results. Fifty-seven of 76 cases were inflammatory lesions, 9 neoplastic lesions and 10 fibrous dysplasia. Headache was the most common symptom (65.8%), followed by nasal obstruction (22.4%) and postnasal drip (21.0%). Ophthalmologic symptoms were observed in 15 cases (19.7%). Endoscopic sphenoidotomy was performed in 51 of the 57 ISSDs. Symptoms completely improved in 92.2% of the patients.     

孤立性蝶窦炎性疾病的诊治

目的 :提高对孤立性蝶窦炎性疾病症状、体征的认识和首诊准确率。方法 :分析 4 9例孤立性蝶窦炎性疾病的临床表现 ,比较非内窥镜手术 10例和内窥镜手术 39例的手术效果。结果 :未经鼻窦内窥镜手术者 ,1例行蝶窦灌洗后头痛立即缓解 ,4例症状在 1周内缓解 ,5例 2～ 4个月后症状复发 ,窦口瘢痕狭窄阻塞 ,需手术切开引流。经鼻窦内窥镜蝶窦开放术者 ,治愈 31例 ,其中 10例手术后症状立即消失 ,2 1例术后 3～ 5d症状缓解 ;好转 8例 ,其中 5例仅感轻微头痛和嗅觉失灵 ,鼻内窥镜见窦口粘膜肿胀 ,CT、MRI复查未见窦腔病变 ;3例术后2个月视力恢复。术后 1个月复诊窦口开放率为 87.2 %。随访 6～ 4 8个月无病变及症状复发 ,未再次手术。结论 :孤立性蝶窦炎经CT或MRI等高清晰度的影像学检查加之以鼻窦内窥镜检查均可明确诊断 ,且经鼻窦内窥镜手术对其治愈有显著的优越性     

内窥镜蝶窦手术的麻醉改进和眼部并发症的预防

目的 :探讨鼻内窥镜手术治疗蝶窦病变的麻醉方法和预防眼部并发症的措施。方法 :在 6 5例蝶窦病变的手术治疗中均行局麻加经改进后的表麻 ;术中彻底止血 ,明确碟窦的位置、窦壁吸收与破坏情况 ,以及病变的部位、色泽和形状等特点 ,密切注意眼部症状 ,避免损伤视神经。结果 :随访 0 .5～ 2年。治愈 5 3例 ,复发 7例(其中内翻乳头状瘤 2例 ,慢性蝶窦炎并息肉 5例 ) ,5例失访 ,仅 5例发生眼部并发症。复发病例经再次手术而切除。结论 :在局麻加改进的表麻下能完成蝶窦内窥镜手术 ,熟悉解剖结构及熟练的手术技巧可减少眼部并发症的发生。     

Endoscopic endonasal transseptal approach for localized sphenoid sinus diseases

Objective

Surgery for localized sphenoid sinus disease can be performed in different ways. Direct (transnasal) and indirect (transethmoidal) approaches are now prevalent in endoscopic endonasal sinus surgery (ESS) because they are safe and effective. However, the identification or treatment of a sinus is occasionally difficult due to the anatomical variation, postoperative changes, or other reasons. In such difficult cases, we currently used an endoscopic endonasal transseptal approach (EETA) to the sphenoid sinus. The indications, procedures, and outcomes of this surgical method are presented here.

Patients and methods

Six of 11 patients with localized sphenoid sinus disease (mycetoma, n = 1; mucocele, n = 5) were treated using EETA. Surgery was performed under local anesthesia in all subjects. Following endoscopic conventional septoplasty, the sphenoid sinus was opened by perforating the anterior wall through the septoplasty wound. The sphenoid disease was treated through this opening, and then drained to the nasal cavity.

Results

The patients operated on using EETA had no surgical complications or disease recurrence, and the use of navigation or fluoroscopy systems was not required. The mean follow-up period of the patients was 27.7 months (range 18–48 months). Follow-up management included endoscopic examination and computed tomography.

Conclusions

A transseptal approach to the sphenoid sinus with a sublabial incision was once frequently performed in pituitary surgery. We modified the transseptal approach as EETA with the use of an endoscope and endonasal incision. This approach is practical and reliable for ESS, and may serve as an alternative for difficult-to-manage sphenoid sinus disease. EETA can be performed in the office as it can be achieved under local anesthesia without a navigation system.     

Clinical characteristics and outcome in patients with isolated sphenoid sinus aspergilloma

Objective

Isolated sphenoid sinus aspergilloma (ISSA) is a rare disorder that is difficult to diagnose in a timely manner. These lesions can also extend to adjacent structures and thereby cause severe complications. ISSA patients with orbital complications typically have a poor prognosis even when surgical interventions have been successful. We here reviewed 30 ISSA cases with respect to clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes.

Methods

A group of 30 patients diagnosed with ISSA between January 1990 and October 2010 were retrospectively reviewed in terms of clinical manifestations, endoscopic findings, radiologic imaging data, and treatment results. We also compared the clinical manifestations and treatment results between patients with and without orbital complications.

Results

Old age (median, 55 years) and a female predominance (23 women in the study) were noted. The most commonly reported symptom was headache (80%) and the average duration of the symptoms before diagnosis was 8.1 months. On radiologic examination, including CT and MRI scans, 13 patients showed bony wall erosions and five patients demonstrated orbital complications including diplopia and visual loss. The appearance of a bony wall erosion on a CT scan and the acute onset of ISSA symptoms were found to be significant factors in the onset of orbital complications (P = 0.003 in each case). Endoscopic sphenoidotomy was performed in all 30 cases. Most of the preoperative symptoms among the patients, including headache, facial pain, and postnasal drip, were improved after surgery. Among the five patients in the study group with orbital complications, diplopia was completely resolved after surgery in each case but there was no improvement in visual loss.

Conclusions

An early diagnosis of ISSA, although not easy, is important to prevent complications arising from extensions of these lesions beyond the sphenoid sinus. Our present study demonstrates that ISSA could be effectively treated with an endoscopic sphenoidotomy, and that timely intervention is needed in patients with a sinus bony wall to prevent irreversible complications such as visual loss.     

孤立性蝶窦炎症性疾病

目的提高对孤立性蝶窦炎症性疾病的认识,争取早期诊断和及时治疗,避免产生严重并发症.方法回顾性分析23例孤立性蝶窦炎症性疾病的临床表现、影像学特点、治疗结果和随访情况,并复习相关文献.结果本病主要症状为头痛和视觉损害,全部病例行鼻内镜下蝶窦开放手术.随访6～14个月,无复发.结论孤立性蝶窦炎症性疾病症状无特异性,不易及时确诊;鼻内镜和CT检查能提高术前诊断率,功能性鼻内镜手术在蝶窦炎症性疾病的治疗上具有明显优势.     

Variations of the ethmoid labyrinth and sphenoid sinus and CT imaging

Summary Three hundred macerated and partly isolated postmortem mid-facial bones were studied for the development, variations and dimensions of the structures of the nasal cavity. On 184 axial CT scans of bones (102 male, 82 female) from patients ranging in age from 1 to 90 years old, the dimensions of the ethmoid labyrinth and sphenoid sinus were studied in detail in order to determine which anatomic situation might be unsafe during clinical endoscopic interventions. Six anatomic variations were identified. Most unsafe for surgery seemed to be the following types: type 111, in which the anterior diameter of the ethmoid labyrinth was large and the posterior ethmoid and sphenoid diameters were relatively narrow; type V, in which both ethmoid dimensions were large and the sphenoid diameter was narrow: type VI, in which the ethmoid labyrinth had an hour-glass shape. Present findings indicate that CT orientation before any endoscopic intervention might help to avoid serious complications.