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1.
目的 了解龙岩市健康人群麻疹血清抗体水平,为实施消除麻疹策略提供依据.方法 采用分层随机抽样方法,采集8个年龄组(<1岁、1~2岁、3~4岁、5~6岁、7~10岁、11~14岁、15~19岁、≥20岁)健康人群的血清标本,每个年龄组20~30份.采用ELISA方法定量测定麻疹IgG抗体.结果 11名<8个月龄儿童,只有1人麻疹抗体阳性.431名8月龄以上健康人群麻疹抗体总阳性率为98.84%,1~2岁、5~6岁、7~10岁、11~14岁、15~19岁年龄组抗体阳性率均为100%,≥20岁年龄组抗体阳性率最低为95.08%,各年龄组之间抗体阳性率无统计学差异(x2=11.594,P>0.05):<6岁儿童麻疹IgG抗体浓度均值显著高于>7岁人群,抗体浓度均值的差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.088,P<0.05).结论 龙岩市健康人群麻疹血清抗体水平较高,建立了有效的麻疹免疫屏障,为实现消除麻疹的目标奠定了基础.建议加强疑似麻疹病例的主动监测工作,针对薄弱地区、漏种儿童开展麻疹疫苗查漏补种工作.  相似文献   

2.
[目的]了解山东省西部地区健康儿童麻疹、风疹、流行性腮腺炎(腮腺炎)血清抗体水平。[方法]2010年11月,采集淄博、枣庄、莱芜、滨州、菏泽5市2~5岁、7~14岁健康儿童血标本,应用酶联免疫(ELISA)吸附法检测麻疹、风疹、腮腺炎IgG抗体。[结果]合计检测儿童661人,麻疹、风疹、腮腺炎抗体均阳性的415人,抗体阳性率为62.83%。麻疹、风疹、腮腺炎抗体阳性率分别为95.72%、75.82%、82.32%,GMC分别为1 086.93IU/ml、57.42IU/ml、79.79U/ml。麻疹抗体阳性率,2~5岁不同地区间麻疹抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);风疹抗体阳性率,2~5岁组高于7~14岁(P<0.05),不同地区2~5岁、7~14岁儿童差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);腮腺炎抗体阳性率,7~14岁高于2~5岁儿童(P<0.01),不同地区2~5岁、7~14岁儿童差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]山东省西部地区2~14岁儿童麻疹抗体水平较高。风疹、腮腺炎抗体水平较低,且地区间差别较大。  相似文献   

3.
凤山县1~6岁儿童麻疹免疫抗体水平监测   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
目的 了解凤山县1~6岁儿童麻疹免疫抗体水平,为控制麻疹流行提供科学依据.方法 按随机抽样的原则,对120名2000-2005年出生的儿童进行麻疹IgG抗体水平监测,麻疹IgG抗体滴度≥1:200为阳性.结果 麻疹lgG抗体阳性率为86.67%,几何平均滴度(GMT)为1:290,男女之间麻疹IgG抗体阳性率和GMT差异无统计学意义;1~4岁组麻疹IgG抗体阳性率和GMT随着年龄组增长而降低,5~6岁组则随年龄组增长而升高;2~6岁组复种儿童与初种儿童麻疹IgG抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义;不同乡镇的MV复种率、抗体阳性率差异均有统计学意义.结论 凤山县1~6岁儿童麻疹免疫抗体水平具有保护力,但免疫屏障仍然薄弱.  相似文献   

4.
2005年山东省孕期妇女麻疹免疫状况调查   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
[目的]了解孕期妇女麻疹免疫水平,探讨成年人及<8月龄儿童麻疹发病原因.[方法]2005年11~12月,在山东省局部地区对部分20~39岁孕妇进行血清麻疹IgG抗体检测.[结果]检测3 786人,麻疹IgG抗体阳性率为85.90%,几何平均滴度(GMTs)为1∶240.45,GMTs<1∶800者占50.37%.不同地区麻疹抗体阳性率和GMTs的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);抗体GMTs有随年龄增长而增加的趋势(P<0.05).[结论]山东省孕妇麻疹IgG抗体水平较低.  相似文献   

5.
[目的]了解健康人群麻疹免疫水平,评价麻疹疫苗免疫效果。[方法]2010年9月,在扬州市广陵和维扬2个区,每区分别抽取7个年龄组的健康人群175名进行血清麻疹IgG抗体检测。[结果]检测350人,麻疹IgG抗体阳性率为93.43%,达保护率为76.86%,几何平均滴度为1∶1 777.07。抗体阳性率、达保护率、几何平均滴度均为<1岁组最低,不同年龄的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);有麻疹疫苗免疫史者抗体阳性率和达保护率高于无免疫史者(P<0.01);不同性别和不同地区健康人群麻疹IgG抗体阳性率、达保护率、几何平均滴度的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]扬州市健康人群麻疹免疫状况良好。  相似文献   

6.
了解江西省九江地区2010年与2015年2~ 10岁入托入学儿童麻疹抗体水平,为探讨阻断麻疹传播策略提供参考.方法 于2010年和2015年开展学龄儿童麻疹免疫水平血清流行病学调查,分离血清后采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测抗体.结果 2015年共调查儿童612名,2010年共调查儿童774名,各年龄组麻疹一风疹二联疫苗(MR)、麻疹一腮腺炎一风疹三联疫苗(MMR)接种率均超过95%;城郊儿童麻疹IgG抗体水平均低于城区,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).2015年的城郊、城区、男童、女童和2岁组儿童的GMT均低于2010年,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).2015年2岁儿童的抗体阳性率为67.4%(95% CI=58.7%~72.3%),低于2010年的78.5%(95%CI=73.8% ~ 83.9%)(x2=45.491,P<0.05).3~6岁组麻疹抗体阳性率较2岁组上升,但随后抗体阳性率出现下降趋势.结论 应进一步加强郊区儿童、2岁组儿童麻疹监测,以及儿童入学入托接种证查验工作,预防麻疹在幼儿园和小学的流行.  相似文献   

7.
目的 了解汝城县开展多次麻疹疫苗强化接种后1~~15周岁健康儿童的抗体水平,为继续制定免疫规划提供科学依据. 方法 采集全县1~~15周岁少年儿童血液,利用酶联免疫间接法(ELISA)定性检测血清中的麻疹病毒IgG抗体. 结果 共检测43 982份血清,其中阳性41 778份,阴性2 204份,总体阳性率为94.99%.不同乡镇间以县城周边的麻疹抗体阳性率高,而边远乡镇麻疹阳性率相对较低.10~15岁年龄组麻疹抗体阳性率为94.33%,明显低于1~3岁年龄组麻疹抗体阳性率97.12%,差异有统计学意义(x2=57.65,P<0.05),全目标年龄阶段男女之间麻疹抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(x2 =2.36,P>0.05). 结论 强化免疫效果好,仍需加强对10~15岁大年龄组少年儿童麻疹疫苗的复种.  相似文献   

8.
李国斌 《实用预防医学》2007,14(6):1794-1795
目的了解临武县城区儿童麻疹抗体水平。方法于2005年5—7月对临武县城区5个调查点的儿童分:6月龄、8月龄、10月龄、2岁、3岁、4岁6个年龄组采集指尖血用ELISA法检测麻疹IgG抗体。结果检测血清300份,麻疹IgG抗体阳性190份,阳性率63.33%,抗体滴度≥1:800的有153人,显性保护水平为51.00%。不同年龄组血清抗体阳性率、抗体滴度≥1:800的人数及有无麻疹疫苗免疫史儿童人数百分率差异均有统计学意义。结论6月龄、8月龄儿童IgG抗体水平不足以保护儿童免受麻疹病毒的感染,建议在麻疹局部流行或暴发时,应对无免疫史的6月龄、8月龄前儿童进行麻疹疫苗的应急接种。  相似文献   

9.
目的了解株洲市人群麻疹抗体总体水平,确定重点防控地区及人群,为麻疹预防控制措施提供依据。方法采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法,对全市0~63岁健康人群共377人进行麻疹IgG抗体检测。结果我市健康人群麻疹IgG抗体阳性率、保护率分别为89.66%、67.64%,几何平均滴度(GMT)为1∶1 262.81;1~、5~、3岁~年龄组麻疹IgG抗体阳性率、保护率较高,15~25岁年龄组最低,不同年龄组人群、不同免疫史人群麻疹抗体保护率差异有统计学意义,城市人群麻疹抗体保护率高于农村人群,男性与女性麻疹抗体水平阳性率及抗体保护率之间差异均无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论目前15~25岁年龄组及农村地区为我市麻疹预防控制重点人群及地区,有必要对初、高中及大、中专院校新生开展麻疹类疫苗加强接种,可考虑对育龄期人群开展麻疹类疫苗预防性接种,以提高人群麻疹免疫水平。  相似文献   

10.
[目的]了解崇左市江州区儿童麻疹免疫水平,客观评价人群麻疹免疫状况,为调整策略并改进工作提供依据。[方法]2011年8月,对崇左市江州区内1~16岁7 772名儿童进行麻疹、风疹抗体水平进行检测。[结果]合计检测7 772名儿童,麻疹IgG抗体阳性的7 028人,阳性率为90.43%,风疹IgG抗体阳性的6 087人,阳性率为78.32%。麻疹IgG抗体阳性率,不同性别、不同年龄、不同地区差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),风疹IgG抗体阳性率,不同性别、不同年龄、不同地区差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]结果显示崇左市江州区儿童麻疹疫苗抗体总阳性率维持高水平,风疹抗体水平较低,应加强免疫规划工作及检查督导力度。  相似文献   

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12.
Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.  相似文献   

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15.
Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.  相似文献   

16.
目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。  相似文献   

17.
Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.  相似文献   

18.
This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.  相似文献   

19.
恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。  相似文献   

20.
目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12%和23.64%.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00%、23.53%、36.00%、5.26%和27.03%,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P<0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P<0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P>0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.  相似文献   

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