双镜联合治疗下腔静脉后输尿管并右肾结石二例报道并文献复习

目的报道双镜联合治疗下腔静脉后输尿管并右肾结石的初步经验,探讨其手术技巧及临床疗效。 方法回顾分析2例下腔静脉后输尿管并右肾结石患者的诊治资料,2例患者行CT尿路成像（CTU）,右侧输尿管均呈典型S型改变,且合并右肾结石。手术方式均为腹腔镜下腔静脉后输尿管矫形,联合输尿管软镜碎石取石术。 结果2例患者诊断明确,术程顺利,无中转开放,手术时间分别为：115 min、108 min;术中出血分别为：30 ml、20 ml;均于术后第1天恢复肠道功能,术后第3天拔除右肾周引流管,术后复查腹部平片（KUB）均示右输尿管内双J管位置正常,右肾无结石残留,术后第5天出院,术后1个月拔除双J管。 结论腹腔镜联合输尿管软镜治疗下腔静脉后输尿管并右肾结石安全、高效,可作为该疾病的首选手术方式。     

后腹腔镜下输尿管离断成形术治疗腔静脉后输尿管6例报告

目的探讨腔静脉后输尿管患者行后腹腔镜下输尿管离断成形术的疗效。方法回顾性分析6例腔静脉后输尿管患者的诊断及治疗经过,男性4例,女性2例。所有患者均经B超、逆行肾盂输尿管造影、CTU或MRU检查诊断为右侧腔静脉后输尿管,均伴有右肾积水和上段输尿管扩张。所有患者均行后腹腔镜下输尿管离断成形术。结果所有患者均顺利完成手术,无1例中转开放手术,术后所有患者均无明显并发症出现。术后1月拔除双J管,所有患者均恢复良好。平均随访18月,显示右肾积水显著减少。结论本组6例腔静脉后输尿管患者行腹膜后腹腔镜下输尿管离断成形术均获成功,该手术安全性高、疗效肯定、损伤小、术后恢复快,值得进一步推广。     

下腔静脉后输尿管——附8例报告

目的:进一步提高对下腔静脉后输尿管的诊治。方法:回顾性总结其临床特点及诊断治疗情况。下腔静脉后输尿管8例,男6例,女2例,年龄19～43岁,平均27岁;Ⅰ型7例,Ⅱ型1例,6例右侧腰腹部胀痛不适,2例右侧腰腹部胀痛不适并肉眼血尿,通过B超、CT、MRU、IVU逆行输尿管肾盂造影确诊。均需手术治疗,6例松解腔静脉后段输尿管于扩张处切断,复位后行端端吻合术,2例旷置腔静脉后段输尿管,复位后行端端吻合术。5例置D-J管,3例未置D-J管。结果:8例患者术前诊断明确,术后3～6个月复查症状消失,经B超、TVU随访,8例无1例出现吻合口狭窄,肾盂积水均明显减轻。结论:IVU和输尿管逆行造影是诊断下腔静脉后输尿管的首选方法,输尿管切断复位吻合术是治疗该病比较好的手术方式。放置D-J管能预防术后狭窄和漏尿。     

下腔静脉后输尿管的诊断与治疗(附10例报告)

目的 提高下腔静脉后输尿管的诊治水平。方法 行输尿管造影（RU）或磁共振尿路造影（MRU）等检查,特征性影像学表现为输尿管呈反J形或S形。治疗采用输尿管切断复位矫正术,术中切除下腔静脉后有病变的输尿管2－3cm,无张力吻合输尿管。结果 10例患者术前均明确诊断。术后3－6个月复查症状消失,肾积水均有不同程度减轻,吻合口无狭窄。结论 IVU和RU是诊断下腔静脉后输尿管的首选方法,输尿管切断复位矫正术是治疗此病较好的手术方式。     

儿童下腔静脉后输尿管的诊断和治疗

目的：探讨儿童下腔静脉后输尿管的诊断与治疗方法。方法：回顾性分析8例下腔静脉后输尿管患者的临床资料。术前经B超等影像学检查确诊,其中7例采用开放性输尿管复位矫形术,1例采用腹腔镜手术。结果：术后6～12个月复查,临床症状均消失,B超及静脉尿路造影（IVU）检查提示输尿管位于正常位置,吻合口无狭窄,肾盂及输尿管积水明显减轻。结论：下腔静脉后输尿管术前通过多种影像学检查均明确诊断。输尿管复位矫形术是目前治疗本病的主要方法,腹腔镜手术可能会成为治疗本病的首选方式。     

下腔静脉后输尿管的影像学协同诊断与手术矫正

目的：提高下腔静脉后输尿管的影像学协同诊断与治疗水平。方法：对11例下腔静脉后输尿管临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：11例均于术前采用B超、KUB加IVP、逆行肾盂造影等检查而确诊，治疗采用输尿管复位矫正术，术后3～6个月复查临床症状消失，肾积水不同程度减轻，吻合口无狭窄。结论：下腔静脉后输尿管诊断主要依据多种影像学的协同检查，逆行肾盂造影是诊断下腔静脉后输尿管最可靠的方法，采用输尿管复位矫正术能取得良好疗效。     

下腔静脉后输尿管的诊断与治疗(附6例报告)

下腔静脉后输尿管临床较少见,我科1985～2001年共收治6例,均经手术治疗,疗效满意,现报告如下。1资料与方法1.1临床资料 本组6例,男4例,女2例,年龄18～48岁,平均34岁。5例因腰部胀痛就诊,1例同时伴有镜下血尿,1例因反复出现尿路感染就诊。6例B超均提示右肾积水、右输尿管上段扩张,1例伴右输尿管上段结石,2例伴右肾结石。     

手助后腹腔镜行下腔静脉后输尿管矫正术一例报告

我们采用手助后腹腔镜行下腔静脉后输尿管矫正术1例,现报告如下。患者,男,34岁。因右腰部酸胀2年入院。体检:右肾区轻叩痛。B超示右肾积水,右输尿管上段扩张扭曲,内径1.9cm。MRI示右肾积水,输尿管上段扩张,中段狭窄,右输尿管呈反S形。右侧RGP示右输尿管中上段狭窄。术前诊断下腔静脉后输尿管。于2 0 0 2年10月15日于全麻下行手助后腹腔镜下腔静脉后输尿管矫正术。术前置胃管和导尿管,气管插管麻醉。取右侧抬高4 5°仰卧位,于脐与右髂前上棘连线中点做6cm长斜切口。直视下钝性分离至腹腔后间隙内,向左侧推开侧腹膜及前腹膜,形成足够大腹…     

输尿管导管逆行置入定位在腔静脉后输尿管术中的应用

腔静脉后输尿管是一种少见常需手术治疗的先天性畸形。由于这种疾病的输尿管走向常十分隐匿不定,因此给手术带来一定困难。1996年5～9月我们在下腔静脉后输尿管术前光经尿道逆行置入输尿管导管定位。取得满意结果,报告如下:临床资料 本文2例均为女性,38岁和47岁,临床症状为右则腰部持续性胀痛并影响日常生活。B超、IVC提示在输尿管上段扩张伴右肾积水,右输尿管     

下腔静脉后输尿管的诊断与治疗——附6例报告

目的:提高下腔静脉后输尿管的诊治水平。方法:通过静脉尿路造影(IVU)和逆行肾盂榆尿管造影(RU)等影像学检查,特征性表现为输尿管呈反J形或S形。治疗上采用输尿管切断复位端端吻合术。结果:6例患者术前均诊断明确,术后3五6月复查,肾积水均有不同程度减轻,吻合口无狭窄。结论:IVU和RU是诊断下腔静脉后输尿管的主要方法,输尿管切断复位矫正术是治疗下腔静脉后输尿管的较好手术方。     

腔静脉后输尿管的诊断与治疗

目的:提高对腔静脉后输尿管的认识及治疗水平。方法:回顾性分析12例腔静脉后输尿管患者的临床资料。其主要症状有腰部不适、右肾绞痛、血尿等;静脉尿路造影、逆行肾盂造影等多可明确诊断;11例行输尿管端端吻合术,1例行右肾切除术。结果:随访1~9年,右肾积水缓解,输尿管通畅,肾功能正常,临床症状消失;1例发现输尿管吻合口上段结石,行输尿管镜碎石后留置双J管,4周后拔除,上述各项检查正常。结论:静脉尿路造影、逆行肾盂造影多能确诊、诊断困难时联合MRU或CT检查可明确诊断,不主张Presman法;手术是其首选治疗方法。     

腔静脉后输尿管诊断方法的探讨

为了探讨腔静脉后输尿管的诊断方法，在总结８例腔静脉后输尿管诊断方法的基础上，对５例不典型腔静脉后输尿管患者采用逆行输尿管插管造影并输尿管ＣＴ检查，结果术前均获明确诊断。认为逆行输尿管插管造影并输尿管ＣＴ检查对不典型腔静脉后输尿管的诊断较为准确可靠，可避免创伤，较Ｐｒｅｓｍａｎ法优越，值得推广采用。     

Anterior urethral diverticular stones and retrocaval ureter in male: a case report and review of literature in Japan]

A case of diverticular stones in the male anterior urethra with retrocaval ureter is reported. A 26-year-old man visited our hospital for examination, who had experienced spontaneous stone discharge a few days earlier. Computed tomographic (CT) scan with ureteral catheterization and urethrography revealed a retrocaval ureter and urethral diverticular stones. Resection of urethral diverticulum with 7 stones and right ureteroplasty were performed. The urethrography and drip infusion pyelography (DIP) 9 months after operation showed no abnormal findings. The largest stone was 28 x 22 x 20 mm in size and 20 g in weight. The main components were ammonium dihydrogen-urate (70%), carbonate apatite and struvite. Histological feature of the epithelium of the urethral diverticulum indicated normal skin with hairs. Pathological diagnosis was para-urethral dermoid cyst. Our case is the 67th case of the male urethral diverticular stones and the first case of those with retrocaval ureter in Japan.     

Retroperitoneoscopic ureteroureterostomy for retrocaval ureter

A 10-year-old boy presented to our hospital with pain in the flank and was subsequently diagnosed as having a retrocaval ureter. He underwent retroperitoneoscopic surgery, during which the retrocaval segment of the right ureter was divided and reanastomosed anterior to the inferior vena cava using 5-0 polyglactin. He returned to normal activities from three days after the procedure. Hydronephrosis was markedly decreased on excretory urography at 6 months after surgery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the eighth case report on retroperitoneoscopic surgery for retrocaval ureter in the English and Japanese literature.     

下腔静脉后输尿管的诊治体会

目的:探讨下腔静脉后输尿管的诊断及治疗方法。方法:通过对比分析近10年收治的26例下腔静脉后输尿管患者的影像资料及手术方式,总结其诊断与治疗方法。影像学诊断包括彩超、静脉肾盂造影、逆行肾盂造影、CT。治疗方法包括开放手术、后腹腔镜输尿管复位术。结果:患者通过不同影像学方法,初步诊断为下腔静脉后输尿管。26例手术均顺利完成,其中16例行开放手术,术后下床活动时间平均(4.25±1.13)d;10例行后腹腔镜输尿管复位术,术后下床活动时间平均(3.20±0.79)d。患者术后恢复良好,肾积水较术前明显改善。结论:联合应用B超、静脉肾盂造影、逆行肾盂造影是诊断下腔静脉后输尿管的基本方法,CT的普及为下腔静脉后输尿管提供了新的诊断方法。后腹腔镜输尿管复位术视野清晰,对输尿管周围组织创伤小,有效降低了输尿管的再次狭窄率,可作为治疗下腔静脉后输尿管的首选方法。     

A case report of retrocaval ureter associated with right ureteral tumors

A case of retrocaval ureter associated with right ureteral tumor in a 70-year-old male is reported. The diagnosis was confirmed by CT and RP. Retroperitoneoscopic nephroureterectomy was performed. The histology of the tumor was urethelial carcinoma. After 20 months, there was neither evidence of recurrence nor metastasis. To our knowledge, this is the 11th case of retrocaval ureter associated with upper urinary tract tumors.