冠心病患者冠脉病变与Cys-C水平的相关性

目的 探究血清中胱抑素C (Cys-C)与老年冠心病冠脉病变程度的相关性.方法:冠心病患者作为观察组,非冠心病患者作对照组,测定所有入选者的血清Cys-C水平,冠状动脉造影采用Gensin积分对冠状动脉病变程度进行评介.结果 观察组各亚组的血清Cys-C水平比较对照组高(P＜0.05),多支冠脉病变组与对照组有统计学显著差异(P＜0.01),冠心病各亚组间进行分析,双支冠脉病变组Cys-C与单支冠脉病变组比较有统计学差异(P＜0.05),多支冠脉病变组与单支冠脉病变组组比较有统计学显著差异(P＜0.05),Spearman相关性分析显示血清Cys-C水平与Gensin积分呈正相关(R=0.257,P＜0.05).结论 血清Cys-C水平和冠心病冠脉病变程度呈正相关性(R=0.257,P＜0.05),冠心病病变程度越高,Cys-C含量越高,检测血清Cys-C对评估冠心病冠脉病变程度有帮助,为冠心病的风险预测,危险分层、治疗提供一条新的线索和途径.     

高原冠心病患者冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的危险因素分析

目的探讨高原冠心病患者冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的发生率与相关的危险因素。方法纳入经冠状动脉造影并行冠状动脉内支架植入术的高原冠心病患者387例,随访6～12个月并复查冠状动脉造影,按有无发生支架内再狭窄将患者分为再狭窄组和无狭窄组,总结分析支架内再狭窄发生的危险因素。结果再狭窄组糖尿病的发病率显著高于无狭窄组（P〈0.01）,术后规律服用阿司匹林肠溶片、氯吡格雷片和他汀类药物的百分比显著低于无狭窄组（P〈0.01）;再狭窄组和无狭窄组在年龄、性别、吸烟、高血压和高血脂的发病率方面比较,无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。术后移居平原居住组的再狭窄率显著低于未移居组（16.1%vs 35.4%,P〈0.01）。结论高原冠心病患者冠状动脉支架内再狭窄发生与糖尿病、术后规律服用抗血小板药物和他汀类药物密切相关,术后移居平原可能降低冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的发生率。     

高原与平原肺心病右室功能的超声改变与血清ET-1的关系

目的：检测不同海拔高度下肺心病患者右心室功能与血清ET-1水平变化的相关性。方法：将肺心病患者根据海拔分为高原组和平原组,采用彩色多普勒超声心动图对右心室前壁厚度、右室流出道宽度等指标进行测量比较。血清ET含量利用放射免疫技术进行测定。结果：高原组肺动脉瓣a波消失、右室前壁增厚和左右肺动脉宽度出现频率显著高于平原组（P〈0.01）;右室流出道增宽、室间隔增宽率高原组高于平原组（P〈0.05）;平均肺动脉压也高于平原组（P〈0.05）;高原组血清ET-1含量也显著高于平原组,并与肺动脉压存在一定的正相关。结论：高原肺心病右心病变较平原组严重,其与血清ET-1的水平变化有明显的相关性。     

甲状腺功能与冠脉病变程度的相关性研究

目的探讨甲状腺激素水平与冠心病及其严重性的关系。方法冠心病患者158例,根据选择性冠状动脉造影证实冠脉病变狭窄程度,将其分为冠脉狭窄组60例和冠脉无狭窄组（对照组）98例,再将冠脉狭窄组按狭窄累及范围分为单支病变组30例、双支病变组15例和多支（3支以上）病变组15例。采用电化学发光法检测游离三碘甲腺原氨酸（fT3）、游离甲状腺素（fT4）和促甲状腺激素（TSH）水平;采用胆固醇氧化酶法测定高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL．C）、总胆固醇（TC）等指标。采用Gensini评分来评价受试者冠脉狭窄程度。结果与对照组比较,冠脉狭窄的双支病变组和多支病变组患者吼水平显著降低（t=1．947、6．415,P均〈O．05）,冠脉狭窄单支病变组fT4水平显著升高（t=5．026,P〈0．05）。采用Logistic回归分析发现,fT3是冠心病的独立危险因素。以Gensini评分为因变量进行多元线性回归分析发现,几与Gensini评分呈负相关,几每降低0．234pmol／L,Gensini评分升高1分。结论fr,水平在冠状动脉狭窄患者中显著降低,并且与冠心病的严重程度密切相关,是冠心病的独立危险因素;fr。每降低0．234pmol／L,Gensini评分升高1分,可以作为冠心病风险增加的敏感指标。     

高原青年冠心病患者血脂特点及其与冠脉病变程度的关系

目的探讨高原青年冠心病（CAD）患者的血脂特点及其对冠状动脉病变的影响。方法纳入25例高原青年CAD患者和15例平原青年CAD患者,检测血脂水平,对冠状动脉造影结果进行分析和Gensini评分。结果与平原青年CAD患者比较,高原青年CAD患者血浆甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平显著升高（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）,而高密度脂蛋白水平（HDL-C）显著降低（P〈0.05）。在高原青年CAD患者中,血浆TG水平与冠脉Gensini评分呈正相关（r=0.66,95%CI：0.37～0.84,P〈0.05）,而血浆TC、LDL-C和HDL-C与冠脉Gensini评分无显著相关性（P〉0.05）。结论高原青年CAD患者血脂异常更加严重,且血浆TG水平与冠状动脉病变程度相关。     

C反应蛋白浓度与冠状动脉狭窄关系的探讨

 目的探讨冠心病(CHD)患者血浆C反应蛋白(CRP)的浓度与冠状动脉狭窄之间的关系.方法测定经选择性冠状动脉造影(CAG)证实为CHD患者和CAG结果正常者的血浆CRP浓度,分析CRP与冠脉狭窄间的关系.结果(1)CRP 浓度在单支冠脉病变组、双支冠脉病变组及3支冠脉病变组依次增高,均明显高于对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);(2)CRP浓度与冠脉狭窄程度相关(r=0.55,P＜0.05);(3)CRP浓度在对照组、稳定性心绞痛组、不稳定性心绞痛组依次增高,稳定性心绞痛组及不稳定性心绞痛组均明显高于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论CRP浓度可作为临床评价冠脉狭窄程度的一个指标.     

冠心病患者多种危险因素与冠脉病变的相关性

目的探讨冠心病（CHD）患者多种心血管危险因素与冠脉病变特点的相关性。方法随机选择行冠脉造影术患者337例,以单因素分析心血管危险因素与冠脉病变的关系,采用多因素Logistic回归分析筛选CHD的独立相关危险因素。结果 （1）CHD组平均年龄、体重指数、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）、甘油三酯（TG）、血尿酸（UA）、空腹血糖（FBG）、血清纤维蛋白原（FIB）水平均显著高于非CHD组,高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）、血清总胆红素（TBIL）水平显著低于非CHD组,合并吸烟、高血压、高血脂、糖尿病的病例显著多于非CHD组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;（2）高脂血症、高血压、糖尿病史、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C、吸烟、FBG、年龄、FIB、TBIL入选回归方程（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,其中高脂血症为最显著的独立相关因素（B=1.064,95%可信区间1.588～4.264,P〈0.01）。结论高脂血症、高血压、增龄、吸烟,LDL-C、TC、FBG及FIB水平升高,TBIL、HDL-C水平降低,为CHD的显著独立相关危险因素。     

西宁地区藏、汉族冠心病患者常见危险因素与冠脉病变程度的研究

目的：探讨低氧环境下西宁地区藏、汉族冠心病（CHD）危险因素的特点及冠状动脉病变特征。方法：选择西宁地区248例藏族冠心病组（ZGZ）患者和252例汉族冠心病组（HGZ）患者,比较两组冠心病危险因素（高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、吸烟、冠心病家族史等）的差异性;分析两组冠心病生化指标（TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C、UA、FBG、TBIL、MPV、FIB）的区别,并探讨两组冠状动脉病变Gensini积分值特征。结果：西宁地区HGZ高血压、糖尿病、吸烟发生率均高于ZGZ;ZGZ家族史高于HGZ;藏、汉族冠心病患者血脂无统计学意义。HGZ患者LDL-C、UA、FBG、FIB均高于ZGZ（P〈0.01）;TBIL低于ZGZ（P〈0.01）。TC、TG、HDLC、MPV两组间比较无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。HGZ合并高血压、糖尿病、吸烟的冠状动脉Gensini积分值高于ZGZ（均P〈0.001）,合并高脂血症的冠状动脉Gensini积分值两者间无统计学差异（P〉0.05）,ZGZ并冠心病家族史的Gensini积分高于HGZ,（P〈0.05）。HGZ总体Gensini积分高于ZGZ,（P〈0.01）。结论：西宁地区藏、汉族冠心病患者的冠心病危险因素存在某些差别,冠心病生化指数和冠脉病变程度也不尽相同,这些差异可能与高原适应,遗传及生活习惯有关。     

西宁地区中老年男性血尿酸与冠状动脉病变的关系

目的:探讨西宁地区中老年男性血尿酸与冠状动脉病变的关系.方法:入选行冠状动脉造影住院男性病例290例,检测血脂、血糖、血压、血尿酸等.根据血尿酸水平分为两组:正常尿酸组与高尿酸血症组,再根据是否合并糖尿病、高血压分为4个亚组,比较各组间冠脉病变支数、病变总积分及心血管危险因素聚集性.结果:高尿酸血症组较正常尿酸组在肥胖、嗜酒、吸烟、高血压、高血糖、高甘油三酯血症、低高密度脂蛋白血症的发生率上明显偏高(P＜0.05),高尿酸血症组2支血管病变、3支血管病变发生率及Gensini积分明显高于正常血尿酸组(P＜0.05);同样高尿酸血症合并糖尿病或高血压等时冠脉单支病变、2支病变、3支病变的发生率及Gensini积分均显著高于正常尿酸合并糖尿病或高血压组(P＜0.05).结论:高尿酸血症患者合并更多的心血管危险因素,冠脉病变更严重且弥漫,并与糖尿病、高血压等有协同作用.     

青年和老年急性心肌梗死临床及冠状动脉病变特点的差异研究

目的：比较青年和老年急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者临床及冠状动脉病变特点。方法：入选我院10年的≤40岁AMI患者83例,≥60岁AMI患者463例,比较两组患者病史、临床特点及冠状动脉病变特点。结果：与老年组比较,青年AMI患者男性更多见,具有吸烟史、饮酒史的患者比例更高,更多患者具有冠心病家族史,TC、LDL-C水平明显高于老年患者,而高血压病史、糖尿病史、既往心绞痛发作史患者比例均低于老年患者（P〈0.05）;青年AMI组造影正常或单支病变比例明显高于老年AMI组,而双支/多支病变比例低于老年组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;老年AMI患者累及RCA和LCX的比例明显高于青年组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：吸烟、饮酒、代谢紊乱和家族史是≤40岁AMI的主要危险因素;青年AMI患者冠脉病变程度显著低于老年组患者。     

Glutamine supplementation in vitro and in vivo,in exercise and in immunodepression

In situations of stress, such as clinical trauma, starvation or prolonged, strenuous exercise, the concentration of glutamine in the blood is decreased, often substantially. In endurance athletes this decrease occurs concomitantly with relatively transient immunodepression. Glutamine is used as a fuel by some cells of the immune system. Provision of glutamine or a glutamine precursor, such as branched chain amino acids, has been seen to have a beneficial effect on gut function, on morbidity and mortality, and on some aspects of immune cell function in clinical studies. It has also been seen to decrease the self-reported incidence of illness in endurance athletes. So far, there is no firm evidence as to precisely which aspect of the immune system is affected by glutamine feeding during the transient immunodepression that occurs after prolonged, strenuous exercise. However, there is increasing evidence that neutrophils may be implicated. Other aspects of glutamine and glutamine supplementation are also addressed.     

2018年三亚雪古丽牛羊布鲁氏菌病及口蹄疫监测与风险评估

为持续性确保三亚雪古丽牛羊口蹄疫无疫及处于布鲁氏菌净化状态,雪古丽对自有及引进羊群进行了口蹄疫免疫抗体检测及病原学检测,同时对羊群进行了布鲁氏菌病抗体检测.口蹄疫免疫抗体检测应用液相阻断ELISA方法;口蹄疫病原学检测采用多重RT-PCR;布鲁氏菌病用虎红平板方法检测.检测结果:未检测到布鲁氏菌抗体阳性动物,牛羊中目前不存在口蹄疫病畜或健康带毒畜,牛羊口蹄疫免疫抗体未达到国家规定水平的应及时补免.2018年三亚雪古丽牛羊布鲁氏菌病及口蹄疫监测结果表明,雪古丽的羊场目前不存在布鲁氏菌感染情况;牛羊中仅牛O型口蹄疫群体免疫水平达到国家重大动物疫病规定标准,免疫抗体不合格动物应及时给予补免,病原学检测结果表明目前雪古丽的牛羊及引进羊未被口蹄疫病毒感染.     

糖尿病鼠血清及睾丸中一氧化氮含量和一氧化氮合酶活性的变化

目的研究1型糖尿病大鼠血清和睾丸中一氧化氮(NO)含量和一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性的动态变化。方法63只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为对照组(C)和糖尿病组(D)，采用四氧嘧啶腹腔注射复制糖尿病动物模型。糖尿病组分别于观察1、2、3、4、5、6、7和8周后断头处死动物，取血收集血清，取睾丸制备组织匀浆，分别测定NO含量和NOS活性。结果与对照组比较，糖尿病组血清NO含量升高，NOS活性先升后降；睾丸组织在诱模后NO含量下降，而NOS活性变化不明显，随后两者均呈升高趋势。结论糖尿病大鼠血清和睾丸NO含量和NOS和活性均有改变。     

The stability and distribution of Tc-HIDA in vivo and in vitro

Tc-HIDA is a promising new agent for imaging the biliary system. In this study radiochromatography on paper or Sephadex G25 gel has been used to measure the proportions of TcHIDA, hydrolysed Tc and pertechnetate in solutions from a comercial kit (CIS TCK 15) and in body fluids from patients and rat receiving this radiopharmaceutical. The tissue distribution in male and female rats has shown the radiopharmaceutical to be rapidly removed from the blood by the liver and then excreted via the intestines. There appears to be a sex difference in the uptake in the kidneys and in the urinary excretion in both rats and patients.     

The stability and distribution of Tc-HIDA in vivo and in vitro

Tc-HIDA is a promising new agent for imaging the biliary system. In this study radiochromatography on paper or Sephadex G25 gel has been used to measure the proportions of TcHIDA, 'hydrolysed Tc' and pertechnetate in solutions from a commercial kit (CIS TCK 15) and in body fluids from patients and rats receiving this radiopharmaceutical. The tissue distribution in male and female rats has shown the radiopharmaceutical to be rapidly removed from the blood by the liver and then excreted via the intestines. There appears to be a sex difference in the uptake in the kidneys and in the urinary excretion in both rats and patients.     

Thyroid stunning in vivo and in vitro

AIM: To review published in-vivo and in-vitro quantitative dosimetric studies on thyroid stunning in order to derive novel data applicable in clinical practice. METHODS: A non-linear regression analysis was applied to describe the extent of thyroid stunning in thyroid remnants, as a function of the radiation absorbed dose of diagnostic radioiodine-131 (I), in thyroid cancer patients investigated in four in-vivo studies. The regression curves were fitted using individual patient absorbed doses or the mean absorbed doses for the groups of patients. Fitted curves were compared with two recent models, the first found in patients with benign thyroid disease and the second found in cultured thyroid cells after I irradiation. RESULTS: The extrapolated absorbed doses for the onset of thyroid stunning were 0 Gy delivered to thyroid cells in vitro, and < or =4 Gy and 34 Gy delivered to thyroid cells in vivo (malignant and benign conditions, respectively). Thyroid stunning amounted to roughly 50% in the case of 2 Gy delivered to thyroid cells in vitro, and in the case of < or =30 Gy and 472 Gy delivered to thyroid cells in vivo (malignant and benign conditions, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: There is no scintigraphically sufficient diagnostic amount of I that can be given prior to I therapy for thyroid cancer that does not cause thyroid stunning, i.e. it is not recommended to deliver pre-therapeutically more than a few gray (<5 Gy) into thyroid remnants. More investigations are required to confirm the proposed in-vitro and benign in-vivo models, but characteristic absorbed doses presented so far for in-vitro vs. in-vivo malignant vs. in-vivo benign thyroid environments differ roughly by an order of magnitude.     

Fat oxidation in men and women endurance athletes in running and cycling

Recent studies showed that the maximal fat oxidation seems to be different in men and women and that it can be influenced by type and intensity of exercise. Nineteen endurance trained male (V.O (2)peak 61.3 +/- 4.4 ml x kg (-1) x min (-1)) and 17 female (V.O (2)peak 52.8 +/- 4.5 ml x kg (-1) x min (-1)) athletes were studied over 30 min at 55, 65 and 75 % V.O (2)peak on a treadmill and a cycling ergometer in order to find the intensity and kind of exercise with the highest absolute fat oxidation. For women, normalised (per body weight) fat oxidation was higher at 75 % V.O (2)peak than at 55 % V.O (2)peak for both running (p = 0.02) and cycling (p = 0.01). Women also oxidised a significantly higher percentage of fat with regard to total energy expenditure than men in running (p = 0.02) and cycling (p = 0.004). Normalised carbohydrate oxidation was significantly higher for men at each tested intensity (p < 0.05) and compared to kind of exercise in men (p = 0.006) and women (p = 0.002) in cycling than in running. Men and women showed a significantly higher normalised fat oxidation for running compared to cycling (p = 0.01). Cycling produced in men (p = 0.06) and women (p = 0.001) significantly more lactate than running. In summary, we found at 75 % V.O (2)peak a higher fat oxidation rate than at 65 % V.O (2)peak and 55 % V.O (2)peak for men and women in cycling and running. This is coincident with lactate threshold in men and women in cycling but not in running, where lactate threshold is higher than 75 % V.O (2)peak.     

Pneumonia epidemiology and prophylaxis in servicemen in local wars and military conflicts

The high military-and-epidemiological significance of pneumonia in servicemen during the war in Afghanistan (1979-1989) and the armed conflict in Chechnia (1995-1996) is shown and the measures for increasing the pneumonia incidence in the regions of operations are substantiated. It is established that more than 70% of pneumonia are conditioned by pneumococci that rather frequently show the pathogenic features against the background of viral (usually influenzal) respiratory infection or in association with Hemophilic bacillus, Chlamydia or Mycoplasma. The main factor leading to development of pneumonia during the period of local wars is the decreased organism resistance caused by supercooling, stresses and overwork as well as untreated acute respiratory diseases.