腹主动脉瘤的治疗

目的 探讨腹主动脉瘤(AAA)的治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析26例AAA的临床资料。结果 26例中夹层动脉瘤3例，真性动脉瘤21例，动脉瘤破裂后再形成的假性动脉瘤1例，动脉瘤穿破十二指肠空肠曲形成腹主动脉肠瘘1例。病变累及肾动脉平面以上者3例，肾动脉平面以下者23例：病变仅累及腹主动脉者4例，病变除累及腹主动脉外，尚合并有单侧或双侧髂总动脉瘤者／2例，合并双侧髂总动脉瘤及一例或双侧髂内动脉瘤者5例，合并一侧髂总、髂内、髂外动脉瘤1例，合并有双侧髂总、髂内、髂外动脉瘤1例。施行紧急手术治疗3例，择期手术治疗14例，施行支架型人工血管腔内微创治疗7例，未手术2例。术后发生并发症3例，无瘫痪、下肢动脉栓塞等发生。术中及术后30d死亡率为3．8％(1例)。支架型人工血管治疗的7例无漏血、移位等并发症发生，均痊愈出院。22例随访3个月至4年，均存活良好。结论 AAA的腔内血管外科治疗具有创伤小，术石恢复快，并发症少等优点，有条件行支架型人工血管作腔内治疗的应优先考虑腔内治疗，传统手术方法在技巧等方面的改进有利于提高手术的成功率，并能为不具备腔内治疗条件的患者解除疾患。     

人工血管重建术治疗腹主动脉瘤

目的 总结人工血管重建术治疗肾动脉平面以下腹主动脉瘤的临床经验.方法 对38例肾动脉平面以下的腹主动脉瘤行人工血管重建手术,其中9例采用直桶形人工血管,29例采用"人"字形分叉人工血管.分别采用保留后壁或完全切断瘤颈的方法吻合近心端,对于远心端根据病情分别吻合在腹主动脉末端、髂总动脉或髂外动脉.重建髂内动脉8支,结扎髂内动脉3支.依据术中测压结果重建肠系膜下动脉11支,缝扎21支.结果 术后死亡1例,于手术后6d发生结肠破裂,14d死于感染性休克;二次开腹止血1例,37例患者痊愈出院,并分别随访3个月～2.5年,1例于术后2年死于心肌梗死.其余患者预后良好,无人工血管内血栓形成、吻合口假性动脉瘤和移植血管感染等中、远期并发症发生.结论 人工血管重建术是腹主动脉瘤最彻底、有效的治疗方法,正确选择手术适应证、良好的手术设计、手术技巧以及重视并发症的防治是保证手术成功的重要因素.     

孤立性髂动脉瘤19例诊治经验

目的 探讨孤立性髂动脉瘤(solitary iliac aneurysms,SIA)的诊治方法.方法 回顾性分析1985年1月至2008年1月23年间19例SIA患者的临床资料.其中,男性18例,女性1例,年龄39～77岁,平均(62±7)岁.19例患者中16例行择期动脉瘤切除、人工血管移植,1例行腔内修复术,1例破裂性SIA急诊行动脉瘤切除、人工血管移植,1例破裂性SIA未手术即死亡.结果 19例患者共有30个SIA,其中25个(83.3%)位于髂总动脉,4个(13.3%)位于髂内动脉,1个(3.3%)髂外动脉瘤.11例(57.9%)患者具有多发性动脉瘤,其中9例(47.4%)为双侧髂动脉瘤,另2例合并其他部位的动脉瘤.2例(10.5%)合并动脉闭塞性疾病.2例破裂SIA,1例抢救成功,1例抢救无效死亡.开腹手术的17例患者无围手术期死亡,无盆腔脏器缺血等并发症;1例腔内修复术治疗后无内漏等并发症.术后移植血管通畅,无新发动脉瘤形成早期诊断和治疗SIA非常重要,应通过CTA等方法明确诊断及有否合并多发性动脉瘤或动脉闭塞性疾病.SIA的手术效果良好,术后应长期随访,注意有否吻合口动脉瘤或新生动脉瘤.     

腔内修复术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤7例分析

目的总结腔内修复术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤的经验。方法回顾性分析2004年10月至2006年3月复旦大学附属中山医院血管外科收治的腔内修复孤立性髂动脉瘤7例的临床资料。其中,右髂总动脉瘤4例,左髂总动脉瘤2例,左髂内动脉瘤破裂1例。结果7例均取得技术成功。3例右髂总动脉瘤累及右髂内动脉,选用分叉支架型人工血管行腔内修复术。1例右髂总动脉瘤累及腹主动脉下端,选用AUI(Aortouniiliac)支架型人工血管腔内修复加股动脉旁路术。2例左髂总动脉瘤选用直型支架型人工血管。1例左髂内动脉瘤破裂急诊行钢圈栓塞后选用直型支架覆盖左髂内动脉开口。术后即刻数字减影血管造影(DSA)造影显示动脉瘤消失,远近端支架型人工血管与宿主动脉结合处均未见明显渗漏。1例术后出现急性左心功能不全和肺水肿,经抢救痊愈,其余6例无手术并发症。术后随访1～19个月(平均10.6±6.42个月),瘤体无增大,支架无移位,无内漏,旁路人工血管通畅。结论腔内修复术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤具有可行、安全、微创等特点,近期疗效较好,远期效果尚须进一步随访。     

腔内修复术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤14例

目的探讨腔内治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤的疗效。方法回顾性分析2004年10月至2006年5月腔内修复孤立性髂动脉瘤14例的临床资料。其中,右髂总动脉瘤8例,左髂总动脉瘤5例,左髂内动脉瘤破裂1例。髂动脉瘤腔内修复的标准是瘤体直径〉3．0cm。结果14例均取得技术成功。8例右髂总动脉瘤,钢圈栓塞右髂内动脉后选用分叉支架型人工血管行腔内修复术。其中1例右髂总动脉瘤累及腹主动脉下端,选用AUl支架型人工血管腔内修复加股．股动脉旁路术。5例左髂总动脉瘤栓塞同侧髂内动脉后选用直型支架型人工血管。1例左髂内动脉瘤破裂急诊行钢圈栓塞后选用直型支架覆盖左髂内动脉开口。术后即刻数字减影血管造影显示动脉瘤消失,远近端支架型人工血管与宿主动脉结合处均未见明显渗漏。1例术后出现急性左心功能不全和肺水肿,经抢救痊愈,其余13例无手术并发症。术后CTA随访10．2个月（3～19个月）,瘤体无增大,支架无移位,无内漏,旁路人工血管通畅。结论腔内修复术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤具有可行、安全、微创等特点,近期疗效较好,远期效果需进一步随访。     

紧邻腹腔干脾真性动脉瘤的手术治疗：附7 例报告

目的：探讨紧邻腹腔干脾动脉瘤的治疗方法。 方法：回顾性分析2000年1月—2012年6月收治的7例紧邻腹腔干脾动脉瘤患者临床资料。 结果：7例术前均经彩超、CT及血管造影检查确诊,均在全身麻醉下手术治疗,包括动脉瘤切除、肾下主动脉—脾动脉人工血管转流4例;动脉瘤切除、脾脏切除2例;多发动脉瘤切除、脾动脉结扎、脾切除1例。手术后10~14 d治愈出院,随访2~14年,存活5例,死亡2例,其中1例主-脾转流术后2年死于急性心肌梗死,1例动脉瘤切除+脾切除术后5年死于急性脑出血。存活5例中3例为主-脾动脉转流者（1例术后2年吻合口逐渐狭窄,术后6年完全闭塞,但未见脾脏梗塞,余2例未出现吻合口狭窄或假性动脉瘤）;2例为动脉瘤切除+脾脏切除者。 结论：动脉瘤切除+脾动脉重建是治疗紧邻腹腔干脾真性动脉瘤的有效方法。     

白塞病并发动脉瘤12例的外科治疗体会

目的总结白塞病并发动脉瘤的外科手术和腔内治疗经验。方法对1977年6月至2006年3月收治的12例白塞病患者并发21个动脉瘤进行回顾性分析。腹主动脉瘤3个,升主动脉瘤1个,髂动脉瘤4个,髂动脉吻合口假性动脉瘤1个,股总动脉瘤3个,股浅动脉瘤2个,腘动脉瘤2个,椎动脉瘤1个,锁骨下动脉瘤2个。颈动脉瘤1个和肠系膜上动脉瘤1个。21个动脉瘤中,行外科手术14个,包括动脉瘤切除、人工血管或自体大隐静脉移植术12个,动脉瘤切除、病变动脉结扎术2个;行支架型人工血管腔内修复术6个;1个升主动脉瘤因患者全身情况差,行保守治疗。结果围手术期死亡患者2例,其中1例行外科手术,1例行腔内修复术。术后吻合口假性动脉瘤1例（1个）,其他部位新动脉瘤形成7个,下肢血管移植物闭塞2例,但患肢无明显缺血坏死。6例患者随访3-293个月,随访中位时间28个月,1例死于肺癌。结论白塞病动脉瘤一旦发生,需积极处理。术前、术后积极免疫抑制治疗可降低外科手术和腔内修复术后并发症发生。因术后有吻合口和其他部位假性动脉瘤复发及血管移植物闭塞可能,需长期随访、及时处理。     

主动脉病变腔内修复术中导入动脉的外科处理

目的 探讨主动脉病变腔内修复术中对于导入动脉的外科处理方式。方法 回顾性分析南方医科大学南方医院血管外科2001年1月至2007年12月63例主动脉腔内修复术病人的临床资料,其中主动脉夹层33例,腹主动脉瘤25例,主动脉假性动脉瘤5例。结果 导入动脉分别选用股总动脉57例,髂外动脉6例。动脉切口单纯修补38例,动脉成形后修补16例,内膜剥除加单纯修补4例,动脉部分切除后行端端吻合4例,人工血管置换1例。62例病人获得成功,1例术中死亡。所有成功施行腔内隔绝术的病人中,1例术后出现导入动脉假性动脉瘤,通过再次手术治愈;2例术后出现患侧下肢轻微缺血症状,经造影证实为吻合口狭窄,予以保守治疗治愈,其他病人未出现并发症。 结论 术前详尽的评估,术中仔细的保护,术后根据情况及时进行相应处理,可有效防治导入动脉相关的并发症。     

颈部动脉血流重建治疗重症多发性大动脉炎导致脑缺血

目的 观察多发性大动脉炎导致的重度脑缺血外科治疗的效果,并评估经颅多普勒超声(TCD)在手术中的作用.方法 2003年3月至2008年2月,共治疗16例多发性大动脉炎患者,男性4例,女性12例;平均年龄32岁,平均病程7.5年.临床表现主要为头晕、头痛、眩晕和眼部视力障碍等.DSA和血管彩色多普勒超声显示多数患者的颈动脉和椎动脉有不同程度的病变.8例患者行升主动脉(主动脉弓)-双腋(肱)/锁骨下动脉人工血管旁路移植术;3例行升主动脉-双腋(肱)/锁骨下动脉人工血管旁路移植-单侧颈内动脉自体大隐静脉旁路移植术;3例行升主动脉-一侧锁骨下动脉和颈动脉人工血管旁路移植术;2例单纯行升主动脉-右颈内动脉自体大隐静脉旁路移植术,其中1例同时行升主动脉-一侧颈内动脉和冠状动脉旁路移植术.有4例在原来接受升主动脉-双腋动脉人工血管旁路移植的基础上,又行一侧人工血管-一侧颈内动脉自体大隐静脉旁路移植术.14例患者术中采用TCD监测双侧大脑中动脉血流,2例尝试分别经一侧锁骨下穿刺和一侧股动脉穿刺与颈动脉穿刺临时转流.结果 手术成功率为100%,无死亡病例.手术后出现伸舌歪斜3例,术后2周缓解.脑部缺血症状与体征均有不同程度的改善,总的有效率为100%.全部患者获得随访,平均随访时间2.2年.所有患者未出现症状复发.2例患者术后4年内出现吻合口处动脉瘤,1例为双侧.结论 颈部动脉血流重建是治疗多发性大动脉炎导致脑缺血的有效方法.术中TCD监测大脑中动脉的血流变化,并据此调整血压,对于预防脑缺血后的过度灌注有重要作用.     

脾动脉起始部动脉瘤的切除及血管重建的手术探讨

目的探讨脾动脉起始部动脉瘤的切除及脾动脉重建的手术方法。方法回顾性分析1996年1月~2007年3月收治的8例脾动脉起始部动脉瘤患者的临床资料,经彩色超声、CT和血管造影检查证实脾动脉起始部真性动脉瘤;均在全身麻醉下首先阻断腹腔干起始部,远端脾动脉阻断后切除动脉瘤,1例行腹腔干-脾动脉自体静脉移植,4例行肾下主动脉-脾动脉人工血管转流,3例同时切除动脉瘤和脾脏。结果均于手术后10~14 d治愈出院。随访0.5~10年;其中1例人工血管转流术后2年死于急性心肌梗塞,余7例均健康生活,无动脉瘤复发。结论动脉瘤切除、脾动脉重建是一种较好的脾动脉起始部真性动脉瘤的治疗方案。     

腹主动脉瘤术中不同髂内动脉处理的疗效观察

目的：探讨腹主动脉瘤（AAA）术中结扎或是封闭髂内动脉（IIA）对患者疗效的影响。 方法：回顾性分析2010年6月—2014年6月中南大学湘雅医院手术治疗的108例AAA患者临床资料,其中腔内修复61例,开放手术44例,杂交手术3例。44例开放手术中结扎双侧IIA 7例,结扎单侧IIA 8例;61例腔内修复术中封闭双侧IIA 3例,封闭单侧IIA 5例。 结果：无术中死亡,围手术期30 d内有6例死亡均与处理IIA无关。开放手术结扎或腔内修复封闭双侧IIA的10例患者中,1例（1/10）出现直肠缺血症状,经过抗凝和扩血管治疗1个月后症状缓解;2例（2/10）出现术后一过性的臀肌疼痛,保守治疗后症状消失;均未出现间歇性跛行。开放手术结扎或是腔内修复封闭单侧IIA的13例患者中均未出现直肠缺血,臀肌疼痛或是间歇性跛行。 结论：AAA患者术中结扎或是封闭单侧IIA对患者术后状况无明显影响;结扎或是封闭双侧IIA可能出现直肠缺血或是臀肌疼痛等盆腔缺血的表现,但可经保守治疗缓解。     

Adverse consequences of internal iliac artery occlusion during endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms

OBJECTIVE: Embolization of the internal iliac artery (IIA) may be performed during endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair if aneurysmal disease of the common iliac artery precludes graft placement proximal to the IIA orifice. The IIA may also be unintentionally occluded because of iliac trauma or coverage by the endograft. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence, etiology, and consequences of IIA occlusion during endoluminal AAA repair. METHODS: Over 2 years, 96 patients have undergone endoluminal AAA repair. The details of the operative procedure, reasons for IIA occlusion, perioperative complications, and clinical follow-up were recorded. RESULTS: The IIA was intentionally occluded in 15 patients (16%) to treat 13 common iliac artery aneurysms, one IIA aneurysm, and one external iliac artery aneurysm. The IIA was unintentionally occluded in 9 patients (9%), resulting from traumatic iliac dissection in 5 patients and coverage of the IIA by the endograft in the remaining 4 patients. Three patients had colon ischemia. One patient with a unilateral IIA occlusion had sigmoid infarction necessitating resection. The other two patients underwent intentional occlusion of one IIA followed by unintentional occlusion of the contralateral IIA because of a traumatic iliac dissection. Both had postoperative abdominal pain and distention; rectosigmoid ischemia was revealed through colonoscopy. Conservative treatment with bowel rest and broad-spectrum antibiotics was successful in both cases. Nondisabling hip and buttock claudication occurred in seven patients (32%) at 1 month but resolved by 6 months in three of these patients. CONCLUSION: Embolization of the IIA for iliac aneurysmal disease and unintentional IIA occlusion due to trauma or graft coverage occurs in a considerable number of patients undergoing endoluminal AAA repair. Most patients with unilateral occlusion do not experience colon ischemia or disabling claudication. Therefore, unilateral embolization of the IIA is well tolerated and allows for the endoluminal treatment of patients with both an AAA and an iliac artery aneurysm, thereby expanding the number of patients who can be managed with an endovascular approach. Although acute, bilateral IIA occlusions should be avoided, significant consequences were not observed in our small series of patients.     

Contemporary management of isolated iliac aneurysms

Objective: Because isolated common iliac artery aneurysms are infrequent, are difficult to detect and treat, and have traditionally been associated with high operative mortality rates in reported series, we analyzed the outcomes of operative repair of 31 isolated common iliac artery aneurysms in 21 patients to ascertain morbidity and mortality rates with contemporary techniques of repair. Methods: A retrospective review study was conducted in a university teaching hospital and a Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Perioperative mortality and operative morbidity rates were examined in 17 men and four women with isolated common iliac artery aneurysms between 1984 and 1997. Ages ranged from 38 to 87 years (mean 69 ± 8 years). Slightly more than half of the cases were symptomatic, with abdominal pain, neurologic, claudicative, genitourinary, or hemodynamic symptoms. One aneurysm had ruptured and one was infected. There was one iliac artery–iliac vein fistula. All aneurysms involved the common iliac artery. Coexistent unilateral or bilateral external iliac aneurysms were present in four patients; there were three accompanying internal iliac aneurysms. Overall, 52% of patients had unilateral aneurysms and 48% had bilateral aneurysms. Aneurysms ranged in maximal diameter from 2.5 to 12 cm (mean 5.6 ± 2 cm). No patients were unavailable for follow-up, which averaged 5.5 years. Results: Nineteen patients underwent direct operative repair of isolated iliac aneurysms. One patient had placement of an endoluminal covered stent graft; another patient at high risk had percutaneous placement of coils within the aneurysm to occlude it in conjunction with a femorofemoral bypass graft. Patients with bilateral aneurysms underwent aortoiliac or aortofemoral interposition grafts, whereas unilateral aneurysms were managed with local interposition grafts. There were no deaths in the perioperative period. Only one elective operation (5%) resulted in a significant complication, compartment syndrome requiring fasciotomy. The patient treated with the covered stent required femorofemoral bypass when the stent occluded 1 week after the operation. The patient treated with coil occlusion of a large common iliac aneurysm died 2 years later when the aneurysm ruptured. Conclusions: Isolated iliac artery aneurysms can be managed with much lower mortality and morbidity rates than aneurysm previously been reported by using a systematic operative approach. Percutaneous techniques may be less durable and effective than direct surgical repair. (J Vasc Surg 1998;28:1-13.)     

腹主动脉瘤的外科治疗:附46例报告

目的:探讨并提高腹主动脉瘤(AAA)手术安全的方法。方法:笔者两所医院近3年余收治的46例腹主动脉瘤患者均行腹主动脉瘤切除人工血管移植。病变仅累及腹主动脉20例，累及腹主动脉及一侧髂总、内、外动脉瘤8例，累及两侧髂总、内、外动脉瘤16例，累及肾动脉者2例。3例施行急诊手术。结果:例死亡（病死率2.2%），余45例均治愈，无手术并发症。结论:外科治疗是治疗AAA最可靠的方法。     

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??Intracranial ischemia caused by type ?? Takayasu's arteritis : A clinical analysis of 14 cases LIU Yi-ren, GU Yong-quan, GUO Lian-rui, et al. Department of Vascular Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
Corresponding author??GU Yong-quan??E-mail??15901598209@163.com
Abstract Objective To explore the choice and effect of vascular bypass treatment for intracranial ischemia caused by Takayasu's arteritis. Methods The clinical data of 14 cases of intracranial ischemia cased by type I Takayasu's arteritis admitted from 2005 to 2015 in Department of Vasculary Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital,Capital University of Medical Sciences were analyzed retrospectively. All patients received vascular bypass. Five cases of unilateral carotid artery occlusion with incomplete willis ring were performed ascending aorta to uiilateral carotid artery bypass. Five cases of bilateral carotid artery occlusion with complete willis ring were performed ascending aorta to unilateral carotid artery bypass. One case of bilateral carotid artery and subclavian artery occlusion with complete willis ring was performed ascending aorta to bilateral axillary artery bypass. Three cases of unilateral carotid artery and bilateral subclavian artery occlusion with complete willis ring were performed ascending aorta to bilateral axillary artery bypass. Results Vascular bypass treatment were completed in 14 cases and 18 artificial blood vessels were used. Postoperative pulmonary infection and pleural effusion occured in 1 case, and thrombosis was found in artificial blood vessels in 1 case after operation. Ischemic symptoms was significantly improved in 10 cases. Three cases get better. Symptoms were not improved in 1 case. The total effective rate of group was 92.9%(13/14), and the total patency of graft was 94.4%(17/18). All the cases were followed up 5 to 115 months. One died of cerebral hemorrhage after 5 months. Artificial vascular occlusion occurred in 3 cases in the 6th, 66th and 79th month respectively after operation. Operation kept other blood vessels pristine and the total patency was 81.3% (13/16). Conclusion The willis's circle will be reference for the operative choice of vascular bypass treatment for intracranial ischemia caused by type I Takayasu's arteritis.     

Effect of surgery for combined abdominal aortic and internal iliac artery aneurysm on postoperative intestinal ischemia and sexual dysfunction]

The effect of surgery for combined abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and internal iliac artery aneurysm (IIAA) on postoperative intestinal ischemia and sexual dysfunction was studied. Nineteen men and three women, aged 51 to 79 years, were included in this study. The IIAA was unilateral in 13 cases and bilateral in 9. The maximum diameter of the IIAAs ranged from 3.0 to 7.5 cm. Seven cases underwent emergent surgery for aneurysmal rupture. A bifurcated graft was implanted in all cases. Among cases with unilateral IIAA, aneurysmectomy and IIA reconstruction was performed in 2 cases, and ligation of the IIA was performed in the remaining 11. Among cases with bilateral IIAAs, IIA reconstruction was performed on one side and IIA ligation on the another side in 1 case. Bilateral ligation was performed in 4 and exclusion of the AAA and both IIAAs were performed in 4. The inferior mesenteric artery was reconstructed in 10 cases. The average postoperative follow-up period was 6.2 years. Postoperatively 2 cases experienced bowel necrosis and 4 had diarrhea and/or mucous stool. An erectile disturbance occurred postoperatively in 33.3% of cases which had undergone unilateral and 50% of cases which had undergone bilateral IIA ligation.     

腹主动脉瘤手术并发结肠缺血的临床分析

目的：探讨腹主动脉瘤（abdominal aortic aneurysm,AAA)手术并发结肠缺血的病因和防治措施。方法：对140例AAA手术并发经肠缺血的7例患者进行回顾性分析。结果：3例患者为AAA破裂急诊手术,7例患者均行AAA切除,人工血管置换术及肠系膜下动脉（inferior mesenteric artery,IMA)结扎术,有2例患者同时结扎双侧髂内动脉（internal iliac artery,IIA),2例患者同时结扎一侧IIA,3例患者行肠切除术,1例患者行IMA重,3例患者行保守疗法,术后3例患者因多器官功能衰竭死亡。结论：正确防治结肠缺血和坏死可有效降低AAA 手术病死率,有利于术后的康复。     

腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术中特殊远端锚定区的处理经验

目的探讨腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术中特殊远端锚定区的处理方法以及并发症。方法自1997年5月至2006年12月在150例包括髂总动脉瘤、髂内动脉瘤、髂动脉狭窄、严重成角等特殊远端锚定区的腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术中,根据情况选择不同的处理方式,术后观察内漏、缺血并发症、髂动脉瘤形态以及旁路血管的通畅性。结果围手术期死亡率4％（6／150）,总死亡率42．5％（51／120）。6例原发性远端I型内漏,5例自愈,1例转化为持续性内漏;3例髂内动脉返流引起的Ⅱ型内漏随访中均自愈。7例单臂支架型血管,股股旁路手术2年通畅率为86％;4例髂内动脉旁路手术2年通畅率为100％。11例栓塞单侧髂内动脉出现臀肌缺血症状,平均症状消失时间42 d（5-90 d）。结论结合传统外科技术以及腔内技术,并选择合适的产品处理腹主动脉瘤特殊远端锚定区可取得满意疗效。中远期结果仍需观察。     

髂动脉分支支架拓展应用保留单侧髂内动脉的可行性与安全性

背景与目的 对于主-髂动脉瘤合并双侧髂内动脉瘤（IIAA）的患者,髂动脉分支支架（IBD）是目前保留单侧髂内动脉（IIA）首选治疗方式,但商业化的IBD因个体化解剖差异而应用受限,难以满足所有患者情况,因此,本研究探讨IBD拓展应用保留单侧IIA的可行性与安全性。方法 回顾性分析2021年4月—2021年6月复旦大学附属中山医院厦门医院行腹主动脉瘤腔内修复（EVAR）中采用不同方法拓展应用G-iliac^TM IBD保留单侧IIA的3例主-髂动脉瘤合并双侧IIAA患者临床资料。结果 3例患者均为男性,年龄66~70岁;腹主动脉瘤（AAA）最大直径29~56 mm,保留侧IIA主干有效腔管径及扩张处最大直径分别为10~11 mm和17~20 mm。保留侧髂总动脉（CIA）及髂外动脉（EIA）直径分别为15~28 mm和13~18 mm,栓塞侧IIA主干扩张处最大直径25~37 mm。3例患者均接受EVAR,采用G-iliac^TM IBD保留IIAA相对较小的一侧,弹簧圈栓塞IIAA较大一侧,技术成功率100%。保留单侧IIA拓展策略包括：将IIA桥接支架锚定于其主干相对健康管腔处,以及利用球扩式覆膜支架远端后扩放大特性,加强支架与扩张IIA远端密封性。围手术期无心梗、脑梗、出血及死亡等重大并发症发生。1例发生保留侧IIA来源Ib型内漏,球囊扩张后内漏消失;1例出现肠系膜下动脉来源II型内漏,出院前及术后3个月随访无明显改变;1例术后随访期间出现栓塞侧IIA分支来源II型内漏,术后3个月内漏消失。均未出现臀肌跛行症状,无支架断裂、移位、血栓等支架相关并发症。结论 对于合并双侧髂内动脉瘤样扩张的主-髂动脉瘤患者,采用不同策略,拓展IBD应用以保留单侧IIA短期内可行、安全,其中远期效果需进一步随访。     

腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术中封闭髂内动脉后的并发症及其与侧支血管形成的关系

背景与目的：腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术（EVAR）由于其安全性和有效性,已逐步成为腹主动脉瘤的一线治疗方法,虽然目前已有各种微创腔内器具和介入技术运用于髂内动脉（IIA）的保留,但临床上需封闭IIA的情况仍不少见,而一旦封闭IIA,尤其进行双侧IIA栓塞的患者,可能出现臀肌缺血、肠道缺血、性功能障碍等并发症。同时,部分IIA侧支建立良好患者行双侧IIA封闭后无明显封闭相关并发症的发生。因此,本研究探讨分析EVAR中封闭单侧或双侧IIA后,臀肌、肠道、生殖器缺血等并发症情况及其与侧支代偿之间的关系。方法：回顾性收集并分析2011年7月—2021年7月在中国人民解放军海军军医大学附属长海医院行EVAR的1 902例患者的基线资料及术前、术中、术后影像学资料,筛选出426例行IIA封闭的患者（62例行双侧IIA封闭,264例行单侧IIA封闭）,并进行并发症相关症状电话随访。统计患者围手术期和随访期患者臀肌缺血、肠道缺血、性功能障碍等相关并发症情况,根据术中及术后影像观察侧支代偿情况,并分析侧支建立与并发症的关系。结果：426例患者中,73例（17.1%）出现臀肌缺血症状,7例（1.6%）出现肠道缺...