老年晚发哮喘缓解期患者气道反应性和诱导痰炎性标志物的测定

目的检测缓解期老年晚发哮喘(LOA)患者气道反应性和诱导痰嗜酸细胞、嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)和白介素-5(IL-5)水平,探讨其临床意义。方法选择58例缓解期 LOA 患者,测定其气道反应性,并分别采用瑞氏染色、荧光免疫法和酶联免疫吸附试验检测诱导痰中嗜酸细胞数量、ECP 和 IL-5水平;选择25例急性发作期 LOA 患者和15例健康老年人作为对照。结果 58例缓解期 LOA 患者中,49例(84.5%)支气管激发试验阳性,9例(15.5%)阴性。缓解期 LOA 组诱导痰中嗜酸细胞数量[(9.3±3.1)%]、ECP[(144.2±68.1)μg/L]和 IL-5水平[(20.3±6.3)μg/L]显著低于急性发作期 LOA 组[(21.1±9.8)%、(399.3±172.5)μg/L 和(50.6±10.7)μg/L,P<0.01],但显著高于健康老年组[(1.3±0.7)%、(48.7±21.9)μg/L 和(10.3±3.2)μg/L,P<0.01]。气道反应性增高组患者诱导痰中嗜酸细胞数量[(12.7±3.6)%]、ECP[(171.3±69.8)μg/L]和 IL-5水平[(23.6±8.5)μg/L]显著高于气道反应性正常组[(3.1±1.3)%、(52.7±21.1)μg/L 和(13.7±4.1)μg/L,P<0.01]。结论缓解期 LOA 患者多数存在气道高反应性且气道炎症持续存在,测定患者气道反应性和诱导痰中炎性标志物有助于指导缓解期治疗。     

诱导痰炎性标志物对支气管哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期的鉴别诊断价值

目的 探讨诱导痰中嗜酸细胞（Eos）和嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白（ECP）水平对支气管哮喘与慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）稳定期的鉴别诊断价值.方法 选择支气管哮喘患者62例,检测肺功能并分别采用瑞氏染色及荧光免疫法检测高渗盐水诱导痰中Eos数量和ECP水平.选择51例慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者和30名健康人作为对照.结果 支气管哮喘患者诱导痰中Eos数量[（14.4±6.3）%]和ECP水平[（413±199）μg/L]显著高于COPD稳定期组[（3.2±1.5）%、（54±35）μg/L,P〈0.01]和对照组[（1.1±0.6）%、（46±23）μg/L,P〈0.01].以诱导痰中Eos≥7%和ECP≥100μg/L作为与稳定期COPD鉴别的标准,诊断哮喘的敏感性分别为79.3%和81.2%,特异性分别为81.0%和83.0%.联合检测两者的敏感性和特异性分别为85.2%和86.0%.结论 检测诱导痰Eos和ECP水平有助于支气管哮喘与COPD稳定期的鉴别.     

急性发作期老年晚发哮喘患者气道炎症特征分析

目的检测急性发作期老年晚发哮喘(LOA)诱导痰细胞学、嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)和白介素-5(IL-5)、白介素-8(IL-8)水平,观察LOA气道炎症特征。方法检测86例急性发作期LOA患者诱导痰中细胞学分类计数、ECP和IL-5、IL-8水平;选择30例健康老年人作为对照。结果以诱导痰中EOS数量≥3%作为临界值,86例急性发作期LOA患者中,79例(81%)诱导痰中嗜酸细胞(EOS)数量增高,为痰EOS增高组;17例(19%)痰中性细胞数量增高,为痰非EOS增高组。痰非EOS增高组诱导痰中性细胞和IL-8水平显著高于痰EOS增高组和健康老年组(P0.01);而痰中EOS数量、ECP和IL-5水平显著低于痰EOS增高组(P0.01),但与健康老年组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论急性发作期LOA患者存在气道嗜酸细胞和中性细胞两种炎症类型,测定患者气道炎症类型有助于指导治疗。     

嗜酸粒细胞性支气管炎患者气道炎症细胞及介质特征的探讨

目的观察嗜酸粒细胞性支气管炎(EB)诱导痰和支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中细胞分类和炎症介质浓度,探讨EB的气道炎症特征。方法对43例EB(EB组)患者行诱导痰检查,将20例咳嗽变异型哮喘(CVA)患者(CVA组)、16例典型支气管哮喘(哮喘组)患者和21名健康人(健康对照组)行对照诱导痰检查,并对部分EB(11例)和CVA患者(10例)行支气管肺泡灌洗(BAL)。观察检测诱导痰、BALF中的细胞分类、嗜酸粒细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)、白三烯C4(LTC4)和组胺的浓度。结果EB组患者诱导痰中嗜酸粒细胞(EOS)百分比为0.1130±0.1470,CVA组为0.1900±0.1800,哮喘组为0.3860±0.2670,与健康对照组(0.0020±0.0050)比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01);哮喘组与CVA组、CVA组与EB组比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);EB组BALF中EOS为0.011±0.016,CVA组为0.053±0.040,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);EB组诱导痰中的ECP浓度为(0.62±0.66)mg/L、CVA组为(1.27±1.74)mg/L,对照组为(0.07±0.10)mg/L,3组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);CVA组诱导痰中的LTC4浓度为(0.65±0.62)μg/L,EB组为(0.39±0.61)μg/L,对照组为(0.15±0.11)μg/L,3组间比较差异有统计学意义(P分别<0.05、0.01);CVA组BALF中组胺浓度为(3.4±1.4)μg/L,EB组为(1.6±1.5)μg/L,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论EB组EOS炎症主要局限于中心气道,部分气道炎性介质水平低于CVA组。上述气道炎性特征可能是EB患者无非特异性气道高反应性的重要机制。     

诱导痰EOS及ECP在过敏性哮喘诊断中的意义

目的　观察雾化诱导痰中嗜酸性细胞 (EOS)和嗜酸性细胞阳离子蛋白 (ECP)在过敏性哮喘诊断中的意义。方法　 30例过敏性哮喘和 13例健康志愿者进行超声雾化诱导 ,挑取痰栓 ,进行嗜酸性细胞计数和分类并测定上清液嗜酸性细胞阳离子蛋白。结果　健康对照组中无嗜酸性细胞出现 ,在过敏性哮喘组有 6 6 .7%出现嗜酸性细胞 (P<0 .0 1) ;健康组 ECP为 138.6± 6 8.9ng/ml,哮喘组 ECP为 10 6 5 .2± 112 4.1ng/ ml,有显著差异性 (P<0 .0 1)。在过敏性哮喘组中对 17例患者 ,诱导痰中 EOS阳性率为70 .6 % ,外周血中嗜酸性细胞阳性率为 11.8% (P<0 .0 1)。结论　诱导痰方法在过敏性哮喘诊断中具有重要的参考价值 ,EOS在诱导痰中更易检出 ,比外周血更敏感 ,有助于哮喘的辅助诊断     

老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者稳定期血清抵抗素水平及其影响因素分析

目的了解慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者血清抵抗素水平及其影响因素。方法用酶联免疫分析法和放射免疫法检测38例老年COPD稳定期患者和26例健康对照者血清抵抗素、瘦素水平,同时测定第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV1%预计值、FEV1/FVC、体质指数(BMI)、理想体重百分比(IBW%)。结果COPD组血清抵抗素〔(2.01±0.94)μg/L〕、瘦素〔(0.62±0.33)μg/L〕水平与对照组〔(3.27±1.96)μg/L和(1.01±0.69)μg/L〕比较,差异有统计学意义(均为P<0.01),且抵抗素与瘦素、FEV1、FEV1%预计值、FEV1/FVC呈显著正相关(r值分别为0.478、0.531、0.424、0.505,均为P<0.01)。多元逐步回归分析表明,影响COPD组抵抗素水平的主要因素是瘦素、FEV1和FEV1%预计值。结论老年COPD稳定期患者血清抵抗素水平下降,气流受限和瘦素分泌的减少与抵抗素水平的下降有关。     

老年代谢综合征患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与血管内皮功能的研究

目的探讨老年代谢综合征(MS)患者的血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平及血管的内皮功能。方法选择老年MS患者40例(MS组)和健康查体者36例(NC组),检测血浆Hcy水平,同时应用超声检测内皮依赖性血管舒张功能(FMD)及硝酸甘油诱导的非内皮依赖性血管舒张功能(NID)。结果MS组Hcy〔(14.7±5.2)μmol/L〕明显高于NC组〔(10.2±3.1)μmol/L〕(P<0.01),FMD〔(6.7±2.1)%〕及NID〔(9.9±3.8)%〕低于NC组〔分别为(15.4±3.2)%,(15.6±4.1)%;P<0.05,P<0.01〕。FMD与年龄、BMI、TG、SBP、DBP、FBG呈负相关。结论老年MS患者血浆Hcy水平升高,血管内皮功能失调。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者环氧合酶2和基质金属蛋白酶2的表达及其与气流阻塞的关系

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者诱导痰中环氧合酶2(COX-2)及基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)的表达及其与气流阻塞的关系。方法COPD组55例(COPD稳定期患者,其中0级12例、Ⅰ级10例、ⅡA级12例、ⅡB级11例和Ⅲ级10例)和正常对照组10名行痰诱导,对痰悬液进行细胞分类计数,应用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测诱导痰上清液中前列腺素E2(PGE2)和MMP2浓度,Westernblot法测定诱导痰细胞中COX-2蛋白表达。结果(1)COPD组诱导痰中细胞总数、肺泡巨噬细胞(AM)数和中性粒细胞(Neu)数较正常对照组显著增高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。AM、Neu与第一秒用力呼气容积占预计值%(FEV1占预计值%)、一秒率(FEV1/FVC)分别呈负相关(r=-0.280、P<0.05,r=-0.345、P<0.01;r=-0.677,r=-0.773,P均<0.01)。(2)Westernblot显示COPD组患者诱导痰细胞中COX-2蛋白表达(57±8)显著高于正常对照组(83±10,P<0.05)。(3)COPD各组诱导痰PGE2浓度[分别为(111±17)、(117±23)、(118±29)、(153±24)、(194±28)ng/L]显著高于正常对照组[(81±18)ng/L,P均<0.01],且与FEV1占预计值%、FEV-1/FVC呈负相关(r=-0.748,r=-0.750,P均<0.01),与MMP-2浓度呈正相关(r=0.775,P<0.01)。COPD各组诱导痰MMP2浓度[(4.0±0.9)、(4.5±1.5)、(7.7±3.1)、(11.9±3.5)、(18.5±5.     

诱导痰细胞分类在嗜酸细胞性支气管炎诊断和治疗中的应用

目的探索诱导痰细胞分类在嗜酸细胞性支气管炎(EB)诊断和治疗中的作用。 方法回顾性分析我院门诊239例慢性咳嗽患者,依据慢性咳嗽中诊断标准,分为非EB组和EB组,分析两组诱导痰中细胞分类情况;同时给予EB患者进行8周治疗,观察经治疗后诱导痰中各细胞分类的改变情况。 结果239例慢性咳嗽患者中,非EB患者216例,占90.7%,EB患者23例,占9.3%,两组中共有121例(50.6%)患者诱导痰中嗜酸细胞百分比升高;非EB患者组细胞总计数为(4.83±2.61)×10⁶个/g、嗜酸细胞比例为(4.56±10.07)%、中性粒细胞比例为(50.32±26.12)%、淋巴细胞比例为(5.14±7.27)%、单核巨噬细胞比例为(40.30±16.70)%,EB患者组痰中细胞总计数为(5.46±3.07)×10⁶个/g、嗜酸细胞比例为(13.85±1 2.23)、中性粒细胞比例为(46.16±16.89)、淋巴细胞比例为(4.83±2.98)、单核巨噬细胞比例为(35.91±16.35),两组间EB组嗜酸细胞比例有显著的增多(P<0.05),在性别、年龄以及其余细胞成分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);EB患者组经治疗后,痰中细胞总计数为(4.07±3.89)×10⁶个/g、嗜酸细胞比例为(2.52±3.80)%、中性粒细胞比例为(54.18±17.97)%、淋巴细胞比例为(5.59±4.33)%、单核巨噬细胞比例为(38.32±17.23)%,嗜酸细胞较治疗前有显著减少(P<0.05),其余细胞改变无显著差异(P>0.05)。 结论诱导痰细胞分类检查是诊断EB的重要方法,在其诊断和治疗过程中有着重要的指导作用,可作为EB治疗过程的监测指标。     

哮喘缓解3年以上者血管细胞黏附分子-1和气道反应性等因素的关系

目的阐明哮喘缓解3年以上者外周血可溶性血管细胞黏附分子-1 (sVCAM-1)及气道反应性等有关因素的关系,以探讨其哮喘缓解的机制.方法选择哮喘缓解3年以上者(以下简称哮喘缓解者)20例,正常健康人21例.采用ELISA法检测上述受试者外周血浆中sVCAM-1水平,用乙酰甲胆碱支气管激发试验测定其气道反应性--PC20值[引起1秒钟用力呼气容积(FEV1)下降20%所需激发药物的浓度].用酶免疫荧光法检测受试者外周血嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP),并检测其外周血嗜酸粒细胞和嗜碱粒细胞数. 结果 (1) 哮喘缓解者sVCAM-1水平为(63.7±31.7) μg/L,显著高于正常健康人[(41.9±11.7) μg/L].(2) 哮喘缓解者中有3例外周血嗜酸粒细胞数增高(3/20,15.0%),与正常健康人(1/21,4.8%)相比,差异无显著性;而嗜碱粒细胞数有9例增高(9/20,45.0%),多于正常健康人(1/21,4.8%;P＜0.01).(3) 哮喘缓解者ECP水平为(2.7±1.3)μg/L,与正常健康人 [(2.2±0.5)μg/L]相比,差异无显著性.(4) 哮喘缓解者的PC20值为2.6 g/L (中位数),显著低于正常健康人(128 g/L,中位数).(5) 哮喘缓解者的嗜碱粒细胞数与PC20值呈负相关(r= -0.66),而sVCAM-1与嗜碱粒细胞数和气道反应性均无明显相关性.结论哮喘缓解3年以上者的嗜酸粒细胞数和活化程度已下降至正常水平,但其体内sVCAM-1及嗜碱粒细胞数仍高于正常水平,并仍存在一定程度的气道高反应性,此种气道高反应性与嗜碱粒细胞存在一定的相关关系.     

Pathogenesis of carcinoma of the papilla of Vater

Most adenomas and carcinomas of the small intestine and extrahepatic bile ducts arise in the region of the papilla of Vater. In familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) it is the main location for carcinomas after proctocolectomy. In many cases symptoms due to stenosis lead to diagnosis at an early tumor stage. In about 80%, curative intended resection is possible. Operability is the most relevant prognostic factor. Most ampullary carcinomas resp. carcinomas of the papilla of Vater develop from adenomatous or flat dysplastic precursor lesions. They can be sited in the ampulloduodenal part of the papilla of Vater, which is lined by intestinal mucosa. They also can develop in deeper parts of the ampulla, which are lined by pancreaticobiliary duct mucosa. Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma and pancreaticobiliary-type adenocarcinoma represent the main histological types of ampullary carcinoma. Furthermore, there exist unusual types and undifferentiated carcinomas. Many carcinomas of intestinal type express the immunohistochemical marker profile of intestinal mucosa (keratin 7?, keratin 20+, MUC2+). Carcinomas of pancreaticobiliary type usually show the immunohistochemical profile of pancreaticobiliary duct mucosa (keratin 7+, keratin 20?, MUC2?). Even poorly differentiated carcinomas, as well as unusual histological types, may conserve the marker profile of the mucosa they developed from. These findings underline the concept of histogenetically different carcinomas of the papilla of Vater which develop either from intestinal- or from pancreaticobiliary-type mucosa of the papilla of Vater. Molecular alterations in ampullary carcinomas are similar to those of colorectal as well as pancreatic carcinomas, although they appear at different frequencies. In future studies, molecular alterations in ampullary carcinomas should be correlated closely with the different histologic tumor types. Consequently, the histologic classification should reflect the histogenesis of ampullary tumors from the two different types of papillary mucosa.     

Demonstration of the mechanism of action of biguanides

Summary Palmitic acid oxidation in rat diaphragm homogenate is depressed by biguanide concentrations that are still incapable of inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation. Glucose oxidation is not directly effected by the same biguanide concentrations: however, the inhibitory effect of palmitic acid on glucose oxidation is partly removed by biguanides. Inhibition of fatty acid oxidation, which accounts for most of the metabolic effects caused by these drugs, can be regarded as the fundamental mechanism of action of biguanides. There is some evidence suggesting that these drugs might interact with carnitine, thus preventing long-chain fatty acids from being transported across the mitochondrial membrane to the site of oxidation. Traduzione a cura degli AA.     

胰岛素瘤的解剖分布特点分析

目的胰岛素瘤是最常见的胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤，因其临床表现多样，导致诊断困难。影像学诊断尤其是超声内镜(EUS)在胰岛素瘤的诊断中起着重要作用，拥有较高的敏感性和特异性。本研究拟通过明确胰岛素瘤的解剖分布特点，以期有助于提高影像学的诊断准确率和降低漏诊率，尤其是在教育和培训实践中对于EUS的学习者更具有指导价值。 方法回顾性分析解放军总医院第一医学中心病案资料数据库1993年1月至2019年11月经外科手术、病理确诊为胰岛素瘤的患者的临床资料，检索方法采取搜索术后病理诊断为"胰岛素瘤"的病例，通过查阅病例的方法，提取出胰岛素瘤的大小和解剖分布等数据，进一步分析其特点。 结果共检索到确诊为胰岛素瘤的患者116例，其中，男45例、女71例，年龄13～76岁，平均年龄(44.4±14.85)岁。胰岛素瘤单发110例(94.8%)、多发6例(5.2%)。位置分布：头颈部46例(39.7%)，单发45例、多发1例；体尾部68例(58.6%)，单发65例、多发3例；全胰腺多发2例(1.7%)。病变大小特点：最大径0.4～3.4 cm，平均大小(1.53±0.58)cm。≤1 cm 29例、>1 cm而≤1.5 cm41例、>1.5 cm而≤2.0 cm28例，≤3 cm 15例，>3 cm 3例。年龄与肿瘤的大小相关，≤44岁患者肿瘤平均大小为(1.36±0.51)cm、>44岁患者肿瘤平均大小为(1.70±0.60)cm，P<0.05。头颈部的肿瘤大于体尾部的肿瘤，头颈部肿瘤平均大小(1.66±0.63)cm，体尾部(1.42±0.52)cm，P<0.05。 结论胰岛素瘤在胰腺体尾部较头颈部更好发；绝大多数单发，但可以全胰腺多发；多数小于1.5 cm，肿瘤的大小与患者年龄和肿瘤的解剖分布相关。     

氯硝柳胺悬浮剂的毒性评价

目的评价氯硝柳胺悬浮剂的毒性，为现场大规模应用灭螺提供依据。方法按照中华人民共和国国家标准GB 15670-1995《农药登记毒理学试验方法》和鱼类毒性试验方法进行。结果经口、经皮肤的LDso雌、雄性大鼠均>5 000 mg/kg，经呼吸道的LCso雌、雄性大鼠均>5 000mg/m3，该药经口、经皮肤、经呼吸道毒性均属微毒类药物；兔眼用药后，观察期内无不良反应，对眼无刺激性；皮肤用药后对皮肤无刺激性。与氯硝柳胺原药、氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐原药和氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂相比，氯硝柳胺悬浮剂对鱼急性毒性最低。结论氯硝柳胺悬浮剂属微毒类药物，对鱼的毒性低于其乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂，适合于现场应用。     

Lack of correlation of degree of villous atrophy with severity of clinical presentation of coeliac disease

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Both the clinical presentation and the degree of mucosal damage in coeliac disease vary greatly. In view of conflicting information as to whether the mode of presentation correlates with the degree of villous atrophy, we reviewed a large cohort of patients with coeliac disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We correlated mode of presentation (classical, diarrhoea predominant or atypical/silent) with histology of duodenal biopsies and examined their trends over time. RESULTS: The cohort consisted of 499 adults, mean age 44.1 years, 68% females. The majority had silent coeliac disease (56%) and total villous atrophy (65%). There was no correlation of mode of presentation with the degree of villous atrophy (p=0.25). Sixty-eight percent of females and 58% of males had a severe villous atrophy (p=0.052). There was a significant trend over time for a greater proportion of patients presenting as atypical/silent coeliac disease and having partial villous atrophy, though the majority still had total villous atrophy. CONCLUSIONS: Among our patients the degree of villous atrophy in duodenal biopsies did not correlate with the mode of presentation, indicating that factors other than the degree of villous atrophy must account for diarrhoea in coeliac disease.     

血吸虫童虫生长发育及其机制的研究进展

血吸虫童虫是宿主免疫系统攻击的重要靶标,包括皮肤型、肺型和肝门型童虫。宿主分子对童虫生长发育具有重要作用。童虫生长发育机制包括免疫调节、信号转导、性别发育及凋亡等。肌动蛋白、组织蛋白酶、烯醇化酶和葡萄糖基转移酶等分子为血吸虫童虫生长发育的重要分子。本文对血吸虫童虫生长发育及其机制的研究进展做一综述。     

CagA-Hp抗体IgG与胃炎的组织学分析

研究幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染与胃炎的关系。方法对204例慢性胃炎患者胃粘膜进行观察分析,并测定其中137例Hp阳性患者血清CagA-Hp抗体IgG水平,与组织学对照。结果慢性萎缩性胃炎伴肠上皮化生患者血清CagA抗体IgG明显高于对照组(P＜0.01);其他类型胃炎患者血清CagA抗体IgG水平无明显增高(P＞0.05)。结论CagA-Hp可能是导致慢性萎缩性胃炎伴肠上皮化生的因素之一,对这类患者应密切随访观察。     

慢阻肺急性加重期患者预后的影响因素分析

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重期(AECOPD)患者预后的相关危险因素。方法回顾性调查、收集58例AECOPD患者可能影响其预后的相关因素,并对其分别进行单因素分析。并进行Logistic多元逐步回归进行多因素分析,筛选影响AECOPD患者预后的独立危险因素。结果单因素分析后将结果 P0.1的因素纳入多因素Logistic回归,分析发现是否合并呼吸衰竭、气促程度、白细胞计数、APACHEⅡ、应用抗氧化剂、慢阻肺治疗依从性为影响AECOPD患者预后不佳的独立因素(P0.05)。结论根据AECOPD患者预后的独立危险因素,及早判断,选择合适的后续治疗方案,对提高其生存率及生存质量具有重要意义。     

124例耐多药结核分枝杆菌基因突变特征分析

目的对临床分离的耐多药结核分枝杆菌相关基因的突变特征进行分析。方法对124例耐多药结核分枝杆菌以及50株敏感株的耐药相关基因(包括异烟肼inh A、kat G、oxyR-ahp C间隔区以及利福平rpo B)进行序列测定,分析其基因突变情况。结果异烟肼耐药inh A基因突变率为14.5%;kat G基因突变率为70.2%(87/124),主要位于315位;oxyR-ahp C间隔区突变率为15.3%;inh A、kat G两种基因同时突变率75.0%,三种基因同时突变率为89.5%。利福平rpo B基因突变的检出率高达95.2%,突变主要发生在531、526、516位点。结论我省耐多药菌异烟肼耐药相关基因最常见突变为kat G 315、inh A C-T(-15)、axyR-ahp C间隔区(-10)C-T,利福平为rpo B531、526、516。结合MDR-TB耐药相关基因的特征分析,可以建立一种快速、准确、特异的适合于我省的检测结核菌耐多药性的新方法。     

Results of treatment of fistula-in-ano

To evaluate the application of Parks' classification in the management of patients with fistula-in-ano, a study was undertaken to assess the outcome of surgery, especially with respect to the recurrence rate and alteration of continence. A retrospective analysis of 160 consecutive patients who were classified at the time of operation was conducted. The distribution of fistulas was as follows: intersphincteric, 41.9 percent, transsphincteric, 52.1 percent, suprasphincteric, 1.3 percent, extrasphincteric, 0. A horseshoe extension occurred in 8.8 percent of the fistulas and 3.8 percent did not exactly conform to the classification as they were either complex or combinations of more than one type of fistula. The sole immediate postoperative complication was bleeding, which occurred one week postoperatively and ceased spontaneously (0.7 percent). Alteration in continence occurred in 6 percent of patients with 2.6 percent experiencing temporary incontinence to flatus, 1.3 percent to liquid stool, and 0.7 percent to solid stool. Permanent loss of control for flatus occurred in one patient (0.7 percent) and for liquid stool in one patient (0.7 percent). No patients suffered loss of control for solid stool. Recurrence developed in 6.3 percent of patients, all between five and 25 months postoperatively. Classifcation was found to be a useful guide in the operative management of patients with fistula-in-ano. Read at the joint meeting of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons with the Section of Colo-Proctology, Royal Society of Medicine, and the Section of Colonic and Rectal Surgery, Royal Australasian College of Surgeons, New Orleans, Louisiana, May 6 to 11, 1984.