运用高分辨率熔解曲线技术检测痛风患者SLC22A12基因intron5(+4668C/T)多态性

Objective To investigate a new single nucleotid polymorphism (SNP) intron5(+4668C/T) in SLC22A12 in primary gout patients and the association between clinical characteristics and genotypes. Methods One hundred and one primary gout patients and 186 healthy subjects were recruited into this study. Blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) was recorded. Serum uric acid, glucose, lipid and creatinine were detected. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood to amplify the fragment located in intron 5. The genotypes of SLC22A12 can be detected with high-resolution melting (HRM) assay, followed by sequencing analysis. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results ① A new SNP in intron 5 of SLC22A12 was identi-fied successfully by HRM, which was defined as intron 5 (+4668C/T). CC, CT and TT genotypes were unam-biguously distinguished with HRM technology, which was fully concordant with sequencing. ②The genotypes of CC, CT and TT in male and female groups were 28.1%, 33.7%, 38.2% and 20.0%, 47.1%, 32.9%, respectively.③ However, no significant differences of genotype distribution were found concerning BMI, blood pressure, creatinine, total cholesterol and triglyceride in both male group and female group. But the serum uric acid levels in the CC genotype were significantly higher than those with the CT+TT genotypes. ④ The genotype frequencies of CC and CT+TT in high uric acid group were remarkably different from those in low uric acid group (21.2%, 78.8%,; 35.0%, 65.0%; P<0.05). Conclusion A new SNP has been successfully discovered with HRM technology with simplicity, rapidity and accuracy. T allele of intron 5 (+4668C/T) may be a genetic protective factor for hyperuricemia among Chinese population.     

运用高分辨率熔解曲线技术检测痛风患者SLC22A12基因intron5(+4668C/T)多态性

Objective To investigate a new single nucleotid polymorphism (SNP) intron5(+4668C/T) in SLC22A12 in primary gout patients and the association between clinical characteristics and genotypes. Methods One hundred and one primary gout patients and 186 healthy subjects were recruited into this study. Blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) was recorded. Serum uric acid, glucose, lipid and creatinine were detected. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood to amplify the fragment located in intron 5. The genotypes of SLC22A12 can be detected with high-resolution melting (HRM) assay, followed by sequencing analysis. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results ① A new SNP in intron 5 of SLC22A12 was identi-fied successfully by HRM, which was defined as intron 5 (+4668C/T). CC, CT and TT genotypes were unam-biguously distinguished with HRM technology, which was fully concordant with sequencing. ②The genotypes of CC, CT and TT in male and female groups were 28.1%, 33.7%, 38.2% and 20.0%, 47.1%, 32.9%, respectively.③ However, no significant differences of genotype distribution were found concerning BMI, blood pressure, creatinine, total cholesterol and triglyceride in both male group and female group. But the serum uric acid levels in the CC genotype were significantly higher than those with the CT+TT genotypes. ④ The genotype frequencies of CC and CT+TT in high uric acid group were remarkably different from those in low uric acid group (21.2%, 78.8%,; 35.0%, 65.0%; P<0.05). Conclusion A new SNP has been successfully discovered with HRM technology with simplicity, rapidity and accuracy. T allele of intron 5 (+4668C/T) may be a genetic protective factor for hyperuricemia among Chinese population.     

中国男性痛风患者SLC2A9基因单核苷酸多态性与尿酸水平的关系

目的 SLC2A9是新近发现的尿酸转运子,该基因单核苷酸多态性可影响血清尿酸水平。本研究检测SLC2A9基因第6内含子rs7442295多态性在中国男性痛风和原发性高尿酸血症患者中的分布情况以及与尿酸代谢指标的相关性。方法 选取268例原发性痛风患者和288名健康志愿者,分别检测血压、体质量指数、血尿酸、血糖、血脂、肾功能水平,并同时提取外周血DNA,运用高分辨率熔解曲线(HRM)分析rs7442295基因型,并用测序法证实。统计学方法采用x2检验及t检验。结果 运用HRM技术能准确区分rs7442295 A/A和A/G基因型,而G/G基因型则在本研究人群中未发现。A/A和A/G基因型在人群分布频率分别是96.2％和3.8％。与健康对照组相比,痛风组的A/A和A/G基因型频率及A、G等位基因频率分布差异无统计学意义(x2=0.003,P=0.82; x2=0.003,P=1.00),但携带A/G基因型个体的尿酸水平[(293±100) μmol/L]明显低于携带A/A基因型的个体[(392±133) μmol/L]（t=2.426,P＜0.01）,且正常尿酸组内A/G基因型频率明显高于高尿酸组(x2=6.279,P=0.01）,基于HRM技术的基因分型结果与测序法所得结果完全一致。结论 SLC2A9基因rs7442295多态性可能是评估中国汉族男性人群原发性高尿酸血症危险性的一个遗传学标志,HRM技术简单、方便、快速,并实现闭管检测,非常适合单核苷酸多态性分析。     

SLC30A8、CDKN2A/2B、HHEX、TCF7L2基因多态性与中国东北汉族人2型糖尿病的关联

目的探讨SLC30A8、CDKN2A/2B、HHEX、TCF7L2基因多态性与中国东北汉族人群2型糖尿病(T2DM)的相关性。方法应用连接酶检测反应(LDR)技术对中国吉林省长春地区113例T2DM患者及107例正常对照(NC)者SLC30A8基因rs13266634位点、CDKN2A/2B基因rs10811661位点、HHEX基因rs1111875位点、TCF7L2基因rs7903146位点的SNP进行检测。结果 SLC30A8(rs13266634)CC、CT基因型的空腹胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛B细胞功能(HOMA-B)均低于TT基因型(P0.05),总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)均高于TT基因型(P0.05),CC基因型的空腹血糖(FPG)高于TT基因型(P0.05)。三组CC、CT、TT基因型合并心血管并发症的构成比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。CDKN2A/2B(rs10811661)TT、CT基因型的FINS、HOMA-B均低于CC基因型(P0.05),FPG、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)、TC均高于CC基因型(P0.05),TT基因型的TG高于CC基因型(P0.05)。三组CC、CT、TT基因型合并微血管并发症的构成比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。HHEX(rs1111875)GG、GA基因型的FINS、HOMA-B均低于AA基因型(P0.01),FPG、TC、TG均高于AA基因型,GG基因组的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)-C高于AA基因组(P0.05)。三组GG、GA、AA基因型合并心血管并发症的构成比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 SLC30A8基因多态性位点rs13266634、HHEX基因多态性位点rs1111875与T2DM心血管并发症存在一定的相关性,CDKN2A/2B基因多态性位点rs10811661与T2DM微血管并发症存在一定的相关性。     

SLC22A12基因多态性与吡嗪酰胺诱导高尿酸血症的易感性研究

目的:探讨SLC22A12基因多态性与吡嗪酰胺诱导肺结核患者高尿酸血症相关性。方法:收集2019年1月至2021年3月昆明市第三人民医院收治的行强化期含吡嗪酰胺抗结核方案的514例肺结核患者作为研究对象，将发生高尿酸血症的294例患者作为尿酸升高组，未发生高尿酸血症的220例患者作为尿酸正常组。采用SNP Sequenom MassARRAY分型方法检测研究对象SLC22A12基因rs11602903、rs559946、rs475688和rs476037位点的多态性，并采用logistic回归模型分析各相关位点与吡嗪酰胺诱导高尿酸血症的相关性。结果:吡嗪酰胺使用4周时，尿酸升高组的血尿酸[(648.32±109.23)μmol/L]明显高于尿酸正常组[(319.14±52.64)μmol/L],差异有统计学意义(t=-15.425,P=0.000)。logistic回归模型分析尿酸升高组和尿酸正常组各位点基因型和等位基因与发生高尿酸血症的相关性，结果显示：携带rs475688位点TC[50.3%(148/294)vs. 44.1%(97/220)]、TT基因型[21.8%(64/294...     

溶质载体家族22A4和5基因多态性与中国汉族人群克罗恩病的关联分析

目的 探讨中国汉族人群中溶质载体家族22A4(SLC22A4)和SLC22A5基因单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与克罗恩病(CD)的相关性.方法 采用直接测序方法测定80例汉族CD患者和80名健康对照者的SLC22A4和SLC22A5基因所有外显子区序列,检测其SNP位点,并进行统计学分析.结果 ①C1672T位点和G-207C位点在汉族人群中不存在多态性.发现SLC22A4和SLC22A5基因全编码区分别有2个和3个SNP.②病例一对照关联分析显示,SLC22A4和SLC22A5基因的SNP在基因型和等位基因型频率方面,CD患者和对照者间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 在中国汉族人群中,SLC22A4和SLC22A5基因多态性和CD易感性无相关性.     

中国汉族人尿酸盐转运蛋白1基因启动子区多态性与原发性高尿酸血症的关联研究

目的 研究中国汉族人群人尿酸盐转运蛋白1( hURAT1)基因启动子区单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与原发性高尿酸血症的相关性.方法 应用PCR扩增、基因测序方法对538名青岛及周边地区汉族人(其中原发性高尿酸血症患者215例,正常对照者323名)hURAT1基因启动子区进行序列分析.结果 中国汉族人群中hURAT1基因启动子区共发现5个多态性位点,分别为-454A/T、-434T/C、- 382C/T、-87C/T、+118G/A,5个SNPs高度连锁(r2=0.99).5个SNPs杂合突变基因型(AT、CT、CT、CT、AG)频率的分布在高尿酸血症组和正常对照组之间差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).logistic回归分析显示,杂合突变基因型者( AT、CT、CT、CT、AG)发生高尿酸血症的风险较野生基因型者(AA、TT、CC、CC、GG)降低(OR 0.68～0.75).突变型等位基因(T、C、T、T、A)携带者发生高尿酸血症的危险性比野生等位基因(A、T、C、C、G)携带者明显降低(P=0.022,P=0.038).结论 hURAT1基因启动子区-454A/T、-434T/C、-382C/T、-87C/T、+118G/A SNPs与原发性高尿酸血症密切相关.     

葡萄糖转运体9基因 rs3733591（C>T）的单核苷酸多态性与我国汉族人群原发性痛风发病的相关性研究

目的探讨葡萄糖转运体9（SLC2A9）基因 rs3733591（C>T）的单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）与我国汉族人群痛风发病及血尿酸水平的相关性,并分析其多态性与痛风患者、健康体检者 PBMCs SLC2A9 mRNA 表达的相关性。方法①采用 TaqMan?探针法检测痛风组（297例原发性痛风性关节炎患者）和健康对照组（211名健康体检者） rs3733591（C>T）位点的基因型,χ2检验比较2组基因型及等位基因分布频率,计算比值比（OR）及95%可信区间（95%CI）。②采用实时荧光定量-PCR（RT-qPCR）法检测46例间歇期痛风患者及40名健康对照组 PBMCs SLC2A9 mRNA 的表达水平,非参数检验比较各组变量间的差异,并分析与 rs3733591（C>T）多态性的相关性。结果 rs3733591（C>T）位点的 TT 基因型在痛风组的分布频率显著低于健康对照组（37.7%与48.3%,P=0.017）,携带 TT 基因型的个体罹患痛风的相对风险OR 为0.647（95%CI：0.452~0.925）。而等位基因 T 在痛风组中的分布频率为60.9%,显著低于健康对照组的69.2%（χ2=7.324,P=0.007）,携带等位基因 T 的个体罹患痛风的相对风险 OR 为0.695（95%CI：0.533~0.905）;等位基因 C 在痛风组中的分布频率为39.1%,显著高于健康对照组的30.8%（χ2=1.440,P<0.05）。痛风组中携带 TC 基因型个体的外周血单个核细胞 SLC2A9 mRNA 的表达水平显著高于携带 TT 基因型者,而痛风组及健康对照组携带其他基因型的个体 SLC2A9 mRNA 的表达差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。有痛风石（30例）痛风患者与无痛风石（190例）痛风患者的基因型及等位基因分布频率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论本研究提示 SLC2A9基因 rs3733591（C>T）位点的多态性可能与我国汉族人群原发性痛风的易感性相关,而与痛风患者痛风石形成无关;等位基因 C 可能为痛风发病的风险因子,而 TT 基因型及 T 等位基因可能对痛风发病具有保护作用;其多态性可能通过影响 SLC2A9基因的转录表达水平来参与痛风的发病。     

溶质载体家族2促进葡萄糖转运蛋白成员1 HaeⅢ基因多态性与糖尿病肾病的相关性研究

目的探讨溶质载体家族2促进葡萄糖转运蛋白成员1 HaeⅢ(SLC2A1 HaeⅢ,g20882CT)基因多态性与DN的关系。方法将380例T2DM患者分为DN组与T2DM组,采用PCRRLFP检测SLC2A1 HaeⅢ(g20882CT)基因分型,探讨不同基因型患者与DN发病及相关指标的关系。结果 T2DM组与DN组CC、TT基因型比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),C、T等位基因频率比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。TT基因型患者胱抑素C(Cys-C)、Hcy、UAER低于CT、CC基因型患者(P0.05),而eGFR高于CC、CT型患者(P0.05)。CT基因型患者Cys-C、Hcy低于CC型患者(U=5.67、4.22,P0.05),而eGFR高于CC型患者(U=4.31,P0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,CC基因型(OR=2.105,95%CI:1.928~8.117,P0.05)及C等位基因频率(OR=1.832,95%CI:1.003~5.462,P0.05)为DN的危险因素。结论 SLC2A1 HaeⅢ(g20882CT)为DN易感基因,导致Hcy、Cys-C过表达,引起DN的发生发展。     

白介素13基因多态性与哮喘发病易感性的关系

目的：探讨白介素13（IL-13）基因内含子区＋1923C/T多态性与哮喘发病易感性的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术对150例哮喘患者（哮喘组）和150例健康对照者（对照组） IL-13基因内含子区＋1923 C/T单核苷酸多态性进行检测,比较其基因型和等位基因分布频率。结果对照组IL-13基因内含子区＋1923 C/T基因型CC、CT和TT的分布频率分别为41．33％（62/150）、44．00％（66/150）和14．67％（22/150）,在哮喘组分别为21．33％（32/150）、41．33％（62/150）和37．34％（56/150）,两组各基因型分布频率比较差异有统计学意义（χ^2＝24．52,P＜0．01）。 CT、TT基因型者患哮喘的危险性高于CC基因型者（χ^2＝27．38,P＜0．01）。结论 IL-13基因内含子区＋1923 C/T多态性是影响哮喘发病的重要候选基因,T等位基因与哮喘易感性相关。     

Association of an intronic SNP of <Emphasis Type="Italic">SLC2A9</Emphasis> gene with serum uric acid levels in the Chinese male Han population by high-resolution melting method

SLC2A9 is a novel identified urate transporter influencing uric acid metabolism. It has been suggested that the single-nucleotide polymorphisms in SLC2A9 may affect the serum UA levels. The present study was designed to investigate rs6855911 polymorphism in intron 7 of SLC2A9 in a total of 372 Chinese male subjects. We examined 166 gout patients, as well as 206 healthy male volunteers in this study. DNA was purified from peripheral blood, and the rs6855911 polymorphism was evaluated using high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis and direct sequencing. Demographic and clinical data obtained from the patients and controls among the genotype groups were analyzed. A/A and A/G genotypes were unambiguously distinguished with HRM technology. The occurrence of the homozygous type (G/G) was completely absent among the study population. The prevalence of the A/A and A/G genotype was 96.0% and 4.0%, respectively. Genotyping based on HRM was fully concordant with sequencing. The G allele frequency was significantly higher in the low-uric-acid group than in the high-uric-acid group. The genotype distribution and allele frequencies were not significantly different between gout and control subjects (p = 0.04). However, serum uric acid levels in the A/G genotype subjects were significantly lower than those with the A/A genotypes (p < 0.01). Rapid and accurate genotyping analysis of SLC2A9 can be done with HRM. The polymorphism rs6855911 in SLC2A9 may be a genetic marker to assess risk of hyperuricemia among Chinese male Han population.     

Association of the human urate transporter 1 with reduced renal uric acid excretion and hyperuricemia in a German Caucasian population

OBJECTIVE: Human urate transporter 1 (hURAT1) is a member of the organic anion transporter family (SLC22A12) that mainly regulates tubular urate reabsorption. Loss-of-function mutations result in idiopathic hypouricemia. The present case-control study was designed to analyze whether hURAT1 might also be a candidate gene for hyperuricemia with primary reduced renal urate excretion. METHODS: DNA samples from 389 individuals with reduced fractional excretion of uric acid (FEUA) (< or =6.5%) and from 263 controls (FEUA >6.5%) were sequenced. Genotype frequencies between groups were compared by Cochran-Armitage trend test. RESULTS: Significantly different genotype distributions could be demonstrated for the -788 T >A (promoter; P = 0.014), the C258T (exon 1; P = 0.006), and the C426T (exon 2; P = 0.0002) polymorphisms, but not for the T1309C (exon 8) and the +18 C >T (intron 9) polymorphisms. The strongest association with reduced FEUA was observed for the C426T polymorphism, with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.59 and 2.54 (P = 0.0002) for the CT and TT genotypes, respectively. Adjusted values for FEUA in the C426T genotype, were significantly reduced decreasing to 7.3%, 6.7%, and 6.3% in individuals with the CC, CT, and TT genotypes, respectively (P = 0.004). Haplotypes were constructed from the -788 T >A, C258T, and C426T polymorphisms. Individuals carrying at least 1 ACT haplotype (n = 349) had a significantly higher risk for reduced FEUA than individuals without any ACT haplotype (n = 303) (OR 1.39, P = 0.041). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that polymorphisms in the N-terminus of the hURAT1 gene were significantly associated with reduced renal uric acid excretion. The main regulating factor seems to be located close to the C426T polymorphism or is in strong linkage disequilibrium.     

G109T polymorphism of SLC22A12 gene is associated with serum uric acid level, but not with metabolic syndrome

SLC22A12 gene, encoding urate transport 1, has been known to be responsible to urate metabolism. This study sought to determine the association between the novel G109T polymorphism in SLC22A12 with serum uric acid and the development of metabolic syndrome in Korean male subjects. A total of 132 healthy male subjects were enrolled in this study. Metabolic syndrome was determined using the modified guidelines for metabolic syndrome proposed by the National Cholesterol Education Program’s Third Adult Treatment Panel. Genotyping for the SLC22A12 gene was assessed using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Serum uric acid and fractional excretion of uric acid (FEUA) from blood and urine samples were measured. Frequencies of the 109GG, 109GT, and 109TT genotypes were 57.6, 38.6, and 3.8%, respectively. Serum uric acid levels and FEUAs were significantly different among the three genotypes of the G109T polymorphism (P?=?0.035 and P?=?0.033, respectively). In addition, subjects of genotypes with the T allele had lower uric acid levels and higher FEUAs compared to those with the 109GG genotype (P?=?0.007 and P?=?0.031, respectively). The G109T polymorphism of the SLC22A12 gene has no association with metabolic syndrome. However, a number of metabolic syndrome components were related to serum uric acid level (r?=?0.285, P?=?0.001) and also significantly different between genotype with and without T allele (P?=?0.008). The novel G109T polymorphism of the SLC22A12 gene is related to serum uric acid level, but not to the development of metabolic syndrome.     

Absence of the SLC22A12 gene mutation in Turkish population with primary gout disease

The aim of the study was to examine whether SLC22A12 gene mutations might be influenced in primary gout disease. We included 32 patients with diagnosis of primary gout disease and 100 healthy volunteers. DNA was purified from peripheral blood, and all exons of the SLC22A12 gene were sequenced. We did not find any mutations in the SLC22A12 gene in all of the patients, but found 5 polymorphisms in exons 1 (g.T258C, g.C246T), 2 (g.C1246T) and 8 (g.T8011C) and in intron 9 (g.C8577T). However, we have not found any significant differences in the frequency of the individual genotypes between patients with primary gout disease and control group. In addition, the polymorphisms were not associated with hyperuricemia in our patients with primary gout disease. There was no previously reported mutation/polymorphisms of SLC22A12 gene in Turkish population. Our study is the first one in Turkish population and suggests that there is no association between primary gout disease and SLC22A12 gene polymorphisms. Sequence changes in the promotor and intronic regions of SLC22A12 gene should be investigated further with larger case groups.     

白细胞介素4和13基因多态性对支气管哮喘患者易感性及血清总IgE水平的影响

目的 探讨白细胞介素(IL)-4基因启动子区+33C/T位点和IL-13内含子+1923C/T位点单核苷酸多态性与支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)患者易感性的相关性及其对血清总IgE水平的影响.方法 2003年12月至2007年6月应用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性(PCR/RFLP)方法对山东的150例汉族哮喘患者(哮喘组)与160名健康人(健康对照组)IL-4基因+33C/T位点和IL-13基因+1923C/T位点的单核苷酸多态性进行检测,应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定两组血清总IgE含量.两组各等位基因及基因型频率的比较用X2检验,不同基因型间IgE水平的比较采用两样本t检验.结果 IL-4基因+33C/T位点基因型CC、CT和TT在健康对照组中分布频率分别为43%(68/160)、35%(56/160)和22%(36/160),在哮喘组分布频率分别为18%(27/150)、36%(54/150)和46%(69/150);IL-13基因+1923C/T位点基因型CC、CT和TT在健康对照组中分布频率分别为41%(66/160)、43%(68/160)和16%(26/160),在哮喘组分布频率分别为21%(31/150)、38%(57/150)和41%(61/150).IL-4基因+33C/T位点和IL-13基因+1923C/T位点的各基因型在两组间的分布差异有统计学意义(X2值分别为27.821和26.544,均P<0.01).CT、TT基因型患哮喘的危险性高于CC基因型(X2值分别为21.870和14.206,均P<0.01).IL-4基因+33C/T位点基因型CC、CT和TT在健康对照组中血清总IgE水平分别为(92±37)KU/L、(122±45)KU/L和(146±44)KU/L,哮喘组血清总IgE水平分别为(179±40)KU/L、(294±51)KU/L和(341±80)KU/L;IL-13基因+1923C/T位点基因型CC、CT和TT在健康对照组中血清总IgE水平分别为(85±31)KU/L、(102±38)KU/L和(144±49)KU/L,哮喘组血清总IgE水平分别为(186±65)KU/L、(297±87)KU/L和(363±140)KU/L.在两基因位点中,相同基因型的血清总IgE水平比较,哮喘组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为4.653、6.547、7.754和4.673、6.784、8.157,均P<0.01).同组内的CT、TT基因型血清总IgE水平高于CC基因型,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为5.748和6.253,均P<0.01).结论 IL-4基因启动子区+33C/T和IL-13内含子+1923C/T多态性位点与哮喘易感性和血清总IgE浓度升高相关联.IL-4基因和IL-13基因是影响哮喘的重要候选基因.     

Genetic polymorphism in matrix metalloproteinase-9 and transforming growth factor-β1 and susceptibility to combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in a Chinese population

In this study, we aimed to explore the association of genetic polymorphism in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and the susceptibility to combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE). We examined the polymorphisms of the MMP-9 C-1562T and TGF-β1 T869C in 38 CPFE patients, 50 pulmonary emphysema patients, and 34 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients. The frequencies of polymorphic genotypes in MMP-9 were 78.95% CC and 21.05% CT in CPFE group, 76.0% CC and 24.0% CT in emphysema group, and 100.0% CC in IPF group. There were highly statistically significant increased frequencies of the CT genotype and T allele in CPFE and emphysema groups compared with IPF group (p < 0.05). The frequencies of polymorphic genotypes in TGF-β1 were 2.63% CC, 28.95% CT, 68.42% TT in CPFE group, 4.00% CC, 16.00% CT, 80.00% TT in emphysema group, and 5.88% CC, 41.18% CT, 52.94% TT in IPF group. Significant increases in the TT genotype and T allele frequencies were observed in emphysema group compared with IPF group (p < 0.05). Our study has showed that T allele in MMP-9 (C-1562T) and T allele in TGF-β1 (T869C) are risk factors of pulmonary emphysema. The T allele in MMP-9 (C-1562T) possibly predisposes patients with pulmonary fibrosis to develop emphysema.     

中国沿海地区汉族男性人群白细胞介素-1β-31C/T基因多态性与痛风的易感性研究

目的 探讨山东省沿海地区中国汉族男性群体的白细胞介素(IL)-1β启动子区rs1143627(-31C/T)基因多态性的分布状况及其与痛风易感性之间的关系.方法 选取208例痛风患者和210名健康对照者,应用聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)技术,检测中国汉族男性群体的IL-1β启动子区rs1143627(-31C/T)位点基因多态性与痛风发病的遗传易感性的关系.采用Hardy-Weinberg检验确认标本的群体代表性,数据分析采用χ2检验和t检验.结果 痛风组中IL-1β启动子区-31C/T位点CC,CT和TT基因型分别为32.7%,43.3%和24.0%,健康对照组分别为31.9%,46.2%和21.9%,2组比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.427,P>0.05);2组的等位基因频率C和T间差异也无统计学意义(分别为54.3%,55.0%;45.7%,45.0%;χ2=0.038,P>0.05).经χ2检验,IL-1β基因-31C/T位点基因多态性与痛风病的危险因素无显著性关联.结论 尚不能认为中国沿海地区汉族男性人群中IL-1β启动子区rs1143627(-31C/T)基因多态性与痛风有关联性.

Abstract：

Objective To explore gene polymorphism of the C/T genotype of rs1143627 in the promoter of IL-1β gene in male population living in the coastal area of Shandong, and thus to investigate the relationship between the gene polymorphism of IL-1β and gout. Methods A total of 208 gout patients and 210 healthy controls were enrolled. The possible association between the polymorphism of IL-1 β -3 1C/T and gout in Chinese were investigated and genotype frequencies and allelic frequencies was calculated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. Hardy-Weinberg was used to verify the representativeness of the sample. Comparisons between the groups were performed with χ2 test and t-test. Results The frequencies of CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 32.7%, 43.3% and 24.0%,respectively among gout patients, while they were 31.9%,46.2% and 21.9%, respectively among the controls.There was no statistically difference in IL-1β -31C/T genotype frequencies between gout patients and controls (χ2=0.427, P>0.05). The allele frequencies of C and T in gout cases were different from those in the controls (54.3%, 55.0%; 45.7%, 45.0%; χ2=0.038, P>0.05). Moreover, no association between IL- I β-31 C/T genotypes and risk factors for gout were observed in gout cases by χ2 test. Conclusion Results of the present study suggest that the C/T genotype of rs1143627 in the promoter of IL-1β gene is not associated with gout in male population living in the coastal area of Shandong.     

Effects of riboflavin and folic acid supplementation on plasma homocysteine levels in healthy subjects

BACKGROUND: Observational studies have shown an inverse relationship between vitamin B2 status and total homocysteine levels, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We hypothesize that intervention with riboflavin will lower total homocysteine levels. The total homocysteine lowering by the three genotypes (CC, CT, TT) of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism (677C-->T) was also studied. METHODS: The decrease in total homocysteine levels after supplementation with riboflavin (10 mg/d) or folic acid (1 mg/d) for 3 weeks was compared in two groups of healthy subjects (17 per group, matched by age and gender) (Phase 1). Then, both groups received supplementation with folic acid and riboflavin for an additional 3 weeks (Phase 2). RESULTS: During Phase 1, total homocysteine levels were lowered by 2% or 4% after supplementation with riboflavin or folic [corrected] acid, respectively, although neither decrease was statistically significant (P=0.50 and 0.19). Compared to subjects of CC genotype, total homocysteine lowering in subjects of CT genotype was approaching significance (P=0.059) for the folic acid group, but not for the riboflavin group. After Phase 2, total homocysteine levels were not lowered significantly in either the folic acid (1%) or the riboflavin (2%) group. However, in the folic acid-riboflavin combined group, total homocysteine lowering in subjects of TT type was larger when compared to subjects of CC and CT types (P=0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Riboflavin supplementation did not lower total homocysteine levels in healthy subjects with CC type of C677T polymorphism. However, supplementation with folic acid or with both folic acid and riboflavin may be important for CT and TT subjects in optimizing their homocysteine metabolism. These findings are relevant in characterizing the factors controlling the high total homocysteine levels for subjects of CT and TT genotypes.