黄芪注射液治疗原发性肾病综合征疗效观察

目的　观察黄芪注射液治疗原发性肾病综合征 (PNS)疗效。方法　随机分组 ,选择 2 8例患者作为对照组 ,给予强的松、潘生丁药物治疗 ,治疗组 3 0例在此基础上加用黄芪注射液。结果　治疗组与对照组用药 2 8天相比 ,其 2 4小时尿蛋白、血胆固醇、血肌酐、尿NAG酶明显下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,血浆白蛋白明显上升。结论　黄芪注射液治疗原发性肾病综合征疗效良好。     

黄芪注射液治疗原发性肾病综合征的疗效观察

目的　观察黄芪注射液对原发性肾病综合征 (PNS)患者尿蛋白、血浆蛋白、血脂的影响并判断临床疗效。方法　将黄芪注射液配合强的松为治疗组 3 1例和单纯强的松组为对照组 3 2例对照观察。同时检测两组尿蛋白、血浆蛋白、血胆固醇及甘油三脂。结果　缓解率治疗组为 90 .3 2 %,对照组为 78.13 %,两组比较差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。 2 4小时尿蛋白、血浆白蛋白及血脂各项生化指标改善上治疗组均优于对照组 ,两者相比差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　黄芪注射液能显著降低尿蛋白、提高血浆白蛋白及降低血脂 ,从而达到肾病综合征缓解 ,减轻激素副作用等临床疗效。     

黄芪注射液联合强的松治疗原发性肾病综合征的临床疗效观察

目的观察黄芪注射液治疗原发性肾病综合征的疗效。方法将 1 3 1例肾病综合征患者随机分为2组 ,治疗组 (黄芪注射液十强的松 )和对照组 (强的松 ) ,观察 2组患者治疗前后尿蛋白、血清总蛋白及白蛋白、血脂、血液流变学和症状、体征的变化。结果两组治疗后均见尿蛋白减少 ,血清总蛋白和白蛋白升高 ,总胆固醇下降及红细胞聚集指数下降 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;且治疗组显著优于对照组 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;治疗组在改善水肿、腹胀等症状方面与对照组有明显差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论黄芪注射液能减少原发性肾病综合征患者的尿蛋白排泄 ,提高血清总蛋白及白蛋白 ,降低总胆固醇 ,改善血液粘稠状态及相关临床症状。     

川芎嗪联合黄芪注射液治疗原发性肾病综合征疗效观察

目的观察川芎嗪联合黄芪注射液治疗原发性肾病综合征（PNS）疗效。方法118例肾病综合征患者随机分为两组：治疗组60例，对照组58例。两组均常规给予强的松、潘生丁药物治疗，在此基础上。治疗组给予黄芪注射液和川芎嗪注射液4周；对照组给予黄芪注射液4周。结果两组24h尿蛋白、血脂均下降，浮肿减轻，血浆白蛋白明显上升，且治疗组疗效明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论黄芪注射液联合川芎嗪注射液治疗原发性肾病综合征疗效良好。     

黄芪白花蛇舌草汤对阿霉素肾病大鼠的治疗作用

目的 观察黄芪白花蛇舌草汤对肾病综合征(NS)大鼠的治疗作用.方法 健康雄性SD大鼠40只,随机抽取10只作为正常对照组,其余大鼠一次性尾静脉注射盐酸阿霉素6 mg/kg,建立肾病综合征大鼠模型.造模成功后随机分为3组:模型组,黄芪白花蛇舌草汤低剂量组3.6g/(kg·d),黄芪白花蛇舌草汤高剂量组70.2 g/(kg·d).连续灌胃给药4周,观察黄芪白花蛇舌草汤对肾病综合征大鼠的24h尿蛋白、血生化指标、肾组织病理学等方面的影响.结果 与模型组比较,各治疗组大鼠24h尿蛋白定量明显降低(P＜0.05),总蛋白、白蛋白升高(P＜0.05),总胆固醇、三酰甘油降低(P＜0.05).结论 黄芪白花蛇舌草汤具有降低尿蛋白、降血脂、提高血清蛋白等作用,改善病理组织学变化,减轻肾脏损害,对肾病综合征大鼠具有良好的治疗作用.     

黄芪注射液治疗肾病综合征的疗效分析

目的 分析黄芪注射液治疗肾病综合征的临床疗效.方法 选取肾病综合征患者120例,随机均分为2组(n=60).对照组采用常规治疗法激素与免疫抑制剂进行治疗,观察组在常规治疗法的基础上加用黄芪注射液,观察2组患者尿蛋白与血浆蛋白在治疗后的指标.结果 2组患者治疗后尿蛋白与血浆白蛋白指标比较,观察组明显比对照组好转,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 黄芪注射液治疗肾病综合征可明显降低患者的尿蛋白与提高血浆白蛋白,有显著的增强免疫作用,值得临床推广应用.     

大剂量甲基强的松龙冲击治疗肾病综合征疗效研究

目的探讨大剂量甲基强的松龙(methylprednisolone,MP)冲击治疗成人原发性肾病综合征(primary nephroticsyndrome,PNS)的疗效、不良反应,并与常规强的松(prednisolone,PRED)治疗进行比较。方法大剂量MP冲击治疗成人原发性肾病综合征15例,用MP 1.0g/d,连用3d,之后服用强的松0.6mg/(kg.d);PRED治疗组29例用PRED 1mg/(kg.d)。所有患者强的松用药8周或用药12周无效者逐渐减量。结果在治疗早期(2~4周)MP冲击治疗组的疗效各指标(尿蛋白定量、血清清蛋白、胆固醇、三酰甘油、尿量)明显好转,与常规PRED治疗组比较差异具有显著性(P<0.01),而柯兴体态、痤疮、感染等不良反应明显减少(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论MP冲击治疗成人原发性肾病综合征起效快、不良反应少。     

地塞米松联合氮芥、降纤酶治疗难治性肾病综合征的疗效

目的 观察地塞米松联合氮芥、降纤酶治疗难治性肾病综合征的疗效.方法 将60例难治性肾病综合征患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,各30例,治疗组给予地塞米松1 mg/(kg·d)、氮芥0.1 mg/(kg·d)、降纤酶0.05 U/(kg·d),静滴,4 d为1疗程,后改强的松0.6 mg/(kg·d)口服,间隔1个月可再次冲击治疗,最多冲击治疗3次;对照组给予标准泼尼松l mg/(kg·d)治疗,12周后逐渐减量.随访半年后两组的临床疗效、24 h尿蛋白定量(24 h upq)、血清白蛋白(ALB)、血脂、病情复发情况、副作用发生率等.结果 两组总有效率、24 h尿蛋白定量、白蛋白、血尿素氮、血肌酐、总胆固醇、血清总蛋白、血清白蛋白比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 地塞米松联合氮芥、降纤酶短程、冲击、循环治疗,能有效控制难治性肾病综合征,具有高效、价廉,复发少等优点,值得进一步研究.     

丹参与黄芪注射液联合治疗肾病综合征的临床观察

目的:观察丹参与黄芪注射液联合治疗原发性肾病综合征(肾病综合征)的疗效.方法:将50例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各25例,两组均给予激素标准疗程,治疗组加用丹参与黄芪注射液静脉滴注.结果:治疗组有效率 92%,对照组有效率60%(p<0.05),对照组复发率明显高于治疗组.结论:丹参与黄芪注射液联合治疗肾病综合征能提高疗效,降低复发率.     

常规剂量甲基强的松龙治疗原发性肾病综合征的临床观察

目的:观察常规剂量甲基强的松龙治疗原发性肾病综合征的疗效和不良反应.方法:对治疗组24例患者予每日静滴甲基强的松龙40 mg或80 mg,2周后改为强的松1 mg/(kg·d),口服;对照组24例予强的松1 mg/(kg·d),顿服.结果:治疗组在尿蛋白转阴时间、平均住院时间和血浆白蛋白恢复时间等方面明显优于对照组;水钠潴留、肝脏损害和院内感染等不良反应发生率低于对照组.结论:常规剂量甲基强的松龙治疗原发性肾病综合征起效快、疗效好且不良反应少,为一种安全、有效的治疗方法.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.