共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Marta Gómara Ana Isabel López-Calleja Berta María Pilar Vela Iglesia Isabel Ferrer Cerón Antonio Rezusta López María José Revillo Pinilla 《Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica》2018,36(5):296-301
Introduction
Our objective was to characterize the enzymatic β-lactam resistance in clinical Enterobacteriaceae isolates with diminished susceptibility to carbapenems from 2013 to 2014 at Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet.Material/methods
A total of 63 clinical isolates were analyzed for the presence of carbapenemases (KPC, OXA-48 and MBL), ESBLs and AmpC enzymes by combined disk methods and PCR detection of carbapenemase-encoding and beta-lactamase-encoding genes.Results
Fifteen isolates had a phenotypic test compatible with carbapenemase production; two of these were confirmed by PCR as OXA-48 producers. ESBL detection was positive in 27 isolates (43%); plasmid-mediated AmpC was detected in nine isolates (14.2%) and derepressed AmpC β-lactamase was present in 18 isolates (28%).Conclusion
During the study period, the decreased susceptibility to carbapenems in Enterobacteriaceae in our area was not due to true carbapenemases but rather to β-lactamase activity (82.5% were ESBL or AmpC producers), probably in combination with decreased permeability of the outer membrane. 相似文献2.
Irene Fuertes de Vega Carola Baliu-Piqué Jordi Bosch Mestres Andrea Vergara Gómez Xavier Vallés Mercè Alsina Gibert 《Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica》2018,36(3):165-168
Background
There are very few data available regarding risk factors associated with antibiotic resistant-Neisseria gonorrhoeae.Methods
A study was conducted on 110 samples from 101 patients with gonococcal infection, in order to describe their characteristics and compare them with the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of their samples.Results
An association was observed between resistant infections and heterosexual men, older age, concurrent sexually transmitted infection, and unsafe sexual behaviors.Conclusion
There is a need for improved data on the risk factors associated with antibiotic resistant gonococcal infection in order to identify risk groups, and to propose public health strategies to control this infection. 相似文献3.
Background
In recent years, the prevalence of asthma has risen in developed countries, and its extent related to a change in our indigenous microbiota. Helicobacter pylori disappearance across the population represents a fundamental change in our human microbiota and has preceded the rise in asthma prevalence.Objective
To assess the relationship between childhood asthma and Helicobacter pylori infection.Methods
Quantitative determination of Helicobacter pylori IgG among 90 asthmatic children and 90 – age and gender – matched non-atopic, non-asthmatic healthy children was performed using ELISA in serum of all participants.Results
Helicobacter pylori IgG seropositivity was found in 25.6% of asthmatics compared to 44.4% of controls. Asthmatics showed lower median Helicobacter pylori IgG titre compared to healthy controls. We also detected a significant inverse relationship between Helicobacter pylori IgG titre and asthma severity.Conclusion
Helicobacter pylori seropositivity protects against childhood asthma and inversely correlates to its clinical and functional severity. 相似文献4.
Reem M. Al Haj Ahmad Hayder A. Al-Domi 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(6):1091-1094
Introduction
Dementia and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two of the epidemics of our time; in which insulin resistance (IR) is playing the central role. Epidemiological studies found that different types of dementia development may be promoted by the presence of T2DM.Objectives
We aimed in this review to highlight the role of insulin and the IR in the brain as a pathophysiological factor of dementia development and also to expand our understanding of T2DM as a mediator of IR in the brain and to review the possible mechanisms of action that may explain the association.Methodology
A critical review of the relevant published English articles up to 2018, using PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, ADI, and WHO database was carried out. Keywords were included insulin resistance, T3DM, T2DM, dementia, brain insulin resistance were used.Conclusion
The rapidly increased prevalence of dementia concurrently with T2DM and obesity need urgent action to illustrate guidelines for prevention, modifying, and treatment based on mechanistic studies. 相似文献5.
Tonya Azevedo Duarte Joilda Silva Nery Neio Boechat Susan Martins Pereira Vera Simonsen Martha Oliveira Maria Gabriela Miranda Gomes Carlos Penha-Gonçalves Mauricio Lima Barreto Theolis Barbosa 《The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases》2017,21(3):317-324
Introduction
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis East African-Indian (EAI) spoligotyping family (belonging to lineage 1, Indo-Oceanic, defined by the region of deletion RD239) is distributed worldwide, but is more prevalent in Southeast Asia, India, and East Africa. Studies in Latin America have rarely identified EAI. In this study, we describe the occurrence of the EAI family in Brazil.Methods
EAI was identified in a systematic literature review of genetic diversity studies pertaining to M. tuberculosis in Brazil, as well as in a survey conducted in Salvador, Bahia, located in the northeastern region of this country.Results
The EAI6-BGD1 spoligotyping family and the EAI5 Spoligotype International Type (SIT) 1983 clade were the most frequently reported, with wide distribution of this particular clade described in Brazil. The distribution of other EAI spoligotyping patterns with broader worldwide distribution was restricted to the southeastern region of the country.Conclusions
EAI may be endemic at a low frequency in Brazil, with some clades indicating increased fitness with respect to this population. 相似文献6.
Renata N. Pires Cassia F.B. Caurio Gabriele Z. Saldanha Andreza F. Martins Alessandro C. Pasqualotto 《The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases》2018,22(4):345-346
Introduction
Clostridium difficile is an important cause of diarrhoea, particularly in patients receiving antibiotic therapy. Recent studies have shown that a substantial proportion of C. difficile infections are acquired in the community, as a zoonotic disease. Brazil is a large exporter of meat and so far no study has evaluated meat contamination with C. difficile spores.Methods
Here we analysed 80 retail meat products purchased from local supermarkets in a Brazilian metropolis (Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil). Samples from these products were grown in anaerobic conditions, and tested with a real time polymerase chain reaction test.Results
Contamination with C. difficile spores was not found in the study. Bacteria isolated from meat included Streptococcus gallolyticus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus gallinarum and Pediococcus acidilactici.Discussion
Close vigilance is required in order to guarantee the quality of Brazilian retail meat in the long term. 相似文献7.
Inés Oliveira Souto Izaskun Alejo-Cancho Joaquim Gascón Brustenga Aida Peiró Mestres Jose Muñoz Gutiérrez Miguel J. Martínez Yoldi 《Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica》2018,36(1):21-23
Introduction
Zika virus is mainly transmitted through the bites of infected Aedes mosquitoes, although mother-to-child and sexual transmission have also been described. The presence of Zika virus in semen after infection seems to be not uncommon, but the duration of viral persistence has not been well-determined.Methods
Molecular, serological and cell culture methods were used for the diagnosis and follow up of a case of Zika virus infection imported from Venezuela. Serial samples of serum, urine and semen were analyzed to investigate the persistence of the Zika virus.Results
Zika virus was detected in semen samples up to 93 days after the onset of symptoms.Conclusions
Our results confirm the persistence of Zika virus in semen samples for long periods after infection. 相似文献8.
S. Zoghi V. Ziaee T. Hirschmugl R. Jimenez-Heredia A. Krolo K. Boztug N. Rezaei 《Allergologia et immunopathologia》2018,46(6):594-598
Introduction and objectives
Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (pSLE) is an autoimmune disorder of children. Early disease onset raises the probability of genetic etiology and it is more severe than adult SLE.Patients and methods
Herein an eight-year-old girl with pSLE from consanguineous parents is reported.Results
Although she was diagnosed as pSLE since the age of two years, Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) revealed a rare stop-gained C>T mutation in C1QA gene. The variant was validated and segregated in patient and the family. Furthermore, serum levels of the C1q protein were measured and found to be much lower than normal ranges.Conclusions
This study indicated that C1Q deficiency should be considered as a differential diagnosis of pSLE. Therefore, measurement of C1q should be recommended in all cases with pSLE. 相似文献9.
Rafael Oliveira dos Reis Margarida Neves Souza Maria Cristina Piccoli Cecconi Loeci Timm Nilo Ikuta Daniel Simon Jonas Michel Wolf Vagner Ricardo Lunge 《The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases》2018,22(5):424-432
Introduction
Nontyphoidal Salmonella serotypes are the main cause of human food-borne infection, including several hospitalization cases in the developing countries.Aim
To detect the main serotypes and to characterize the antibiotic resistance of human non-enteric and enteric nontyphoidal Salmonella from clinical isolates in Brazil.Methods
Salmonella serotypes were identified by microbiological and molecular methods. Susceptibility testing to antibiotics was performed by agar disk diffusion. Real-time PCRs were carried out for the detection of the genus Salmonella as well as serotypes Typhimurium and Enteritidis.Results
A total of 307 nontyphoidal Salmonella were isolated from 289 different patients in a reference laboratory (LACEN-RS) from Southern Brazil in a six-year period (2010–2015). There were 45 isolates from emerging cases and 244 from sporadic cases in hospitalized patients. Non-enteric isolates were detected in 42.6% of the patients from sources such as urine, blood and other clinical fluids. Serological and PCR-specific tests demonstrated that Typhimurium (48.4%) and Enteritidis (18.3%) were the most frequent serotypes. Typhimurium isolates were generally resistant to three or more antibiotic classes, while Enteritidis isolates to one or two classes. Typhimurium was the most frequent serotype in all samples (48.4%), mainly among the hospitalized patients (55.6%), and presented the highest rates of multidrug resistance (59.3% of the isolates of this serotype). Further, the prevalence of this serotype increased along the years of the study in comparison to other nontyphoidal Salmonella serotypes.Conclusion
Greater public health attention should be given to prevent salmonellosis in the community and in hospital settings to reduce the rates of Typhimurium strains with multidrug resistance. 相似文献10.
Reactive arthritis (ReA) is sterile arthritis occurring after extra articular bacterial infection. The aim of this study was to analyze, over 30 years, clinical, biological and imaging characteristics as well as therapeutic management of new cases of ReA, comparing two periods.
Methods
retrospective monocentric study, data of all the patients followed in our unit between January 1st 1984 and April 2014 with the diagnosis or ReA were analyzed (clinical and biological features, management and outcome), and compared between two periods: from January 1984 to December 1993, and from January 2004 to December 2013.Results
Sixty two patients fulfilling international diagnosis criteria were analyzed. There was no significant difference between the two periods in number of new cases, clinical presentation, biological data or outcome. Changes in therapeutic management were obvious with occurrence of anti TNF in the recent period.Conclusion
Reactive arthritis is still a current rheumatologic problem in a developed country, with a need of early and tailored rheumatologic management. 相似文献11.
Armindo Sousa Ribeiro Rui Seixas Juan Manuel Gálvez Vicente Climent 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(6):885-891
Aims
The primary objective of our study is to determine the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the population. The secondary objective is to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, anthropometric alterations and the prevalence of target organ damage and their relationship with aging.Material and Methods
The sample for the study was obtained by means of a consecutive population-based demonstration in 803 adults over 18 years of age belonging to the labor force of the company Grupo Delta SA. The study was carried out according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. The individuals included in the study voluntarily participated, once informed of the purpose of the study, giving their prior verbal consent, to the company's human resources department, in the case of Delta Group workers.Results
23.8% of the population has metabolic syndrome more prevalent in males, no smoking, no significant alcohol consumption, sedentary, with a high Body mass index (BMI). Its prevalence increases with age.Conclusion
We found that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome increases with age and is present in people of working age, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases, work-related absences, and socio-economic costs. 相似文献12.
Tarek Mohamed Ali Ahmad El Askary 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(6):1045-1050
Background
Inconsistent results have been described regarding the part of fetuin-A and testosterone in arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Aim
To look into the links of serum fetuin-A and testosterone levels with brachial-Ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), a marker of arteriosclerosis and common carotid intima media thickness (ccIMT), a marker of early atherosclerosis, in diabetic Saudi men patients.Subjects and methods
One hundred and fifty adult male patients with T2DM and 60 non-diabetic control subjects were enrolled from different Saudi Arabia Taif hospitals. Biochemical analysis, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, baPWV and ccIMT were investigated.Results
Stepwise regression in diabetic patients revealed that the most important predictor of ba-PWV was serum fetuin-A followed by serum glucose and the most important predictor of ccIMT was serum fetuin-A followed by serum HDL then serum triglycerides.Conclusions
Only fetuin-A levels not testosterone are negatively associated with early markers of atherosclerosis. 相似文献13.
Zaira Moure Ariadna Rando-Segura Laura Gimferrer Gloria Roig Tomas Pumarola Virginia Rodriguez-Garrido 《Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica》2018,36(5):293-295
Introduction
Campylobacter spp. infection is one of the leading causes of foodborne diarrhoeal illness in humans worldwide. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the DiaSorin LIAISON®Campylobacter assay for human campylobacteriosis diagnosis.Methodology
A total of 645 stool samples from 640 patients suspected of having gastrointestinal infection were included. A stool culture was simultaneously performed with the DiaSorin LIAISON®Campylobacter assay to detect the presence of Campylobacter spp.Results
Taking the conventional culture to be the perfect gold standard, sensitivity and specificity rates of the DiaSorin LIAISON®Campylobacter assay were 100% and 97.7%, respectively; and 99.1% and 98.6%, respectively, when taking the culture to be the imperfect gold standard (Bayesian Model).Conclusion
This new assay might be a useful tool especially for the screening of negative results. 相似文献14.
S.V. Madhu G. Sandeep B.K. Mishra M. Aslam 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(6):923-927
Aim
The burden of diabetes is very high in our country particularly in the urban metros. The present survey was planned to ascertain the current prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes in Delhi since the available prevalence estimates are over a decade old.Methods
The present study was conducted in urban area of east Delhi and followed a multistage random sampling design. The prevalence of known diabetes was ascertained based on self reporting and prevalence of newly detected diabetes and prediabetes was based on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).Results
We surveyed 470 households and included 1317 individuals. Prevalence of diabetes was 18.3% (known 10.8% and newly detected 7.5%). Prevalence of prediabetes was 21% as per WHO criteria and 39.5% as per ADA criteria. The ratio of known to unknown diabetes was 1.44:1. Every third household (35.77%) had at least one known case of diabetes. High rates of obesity and central obesity were also observed in the study population.Conclusion
The present study found a strikingly high prevalence of diabetes, prediabetes and obesity in Delhi. This calls for urgent and effective preventive measures to prevent diabetes. 相似文献15.
Jui-Cheng Chen Cheng-Chih Tsai Chang-Chi Hsieh Alice Lan Chun-Chih Huang Sew-Fen Leu 《Allergologia et immunopathologia》2018,46(4):354-360
Background
Probiotics could be beneficial to health and some of them have shown to modulate immune responses.Aim
The aim of this study is to investigate if the probiotic strains including Lactobacillus and Pediococcus strains are able to alleviate allergic reactions in an ovalbumin-induced airway allergy model.Methods
Lactobacillus multi-species preparation (LMP) was gavaged to BALB/c for total six weeks and BALB/c was challenged with ovalbumin in the last two weeks. A barometric whole-body plethysmography was used to assess enhanced pause (Penh) of airway hyperreactivity (AHR). Immunoglobulins (Ig) such as IgE, IgG1, IgG2a and cytokines such as IL-12, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5, TNF-α and IL-13 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were assayed using ELISA kits.Results
The results showed this LMP significantly reduced Th2 cytokines and enhanced Th1 cytokines production. OVA-specific IgE and IgG1 was lower in the probiotics-treated mice whereas IgG2a was increased. Most importantly, this murine model showed LMP supplementation significantly reduced AHR.Conclusions
Overall, this Lactobacillus multi-species preparation seemed to suppress OVA-sensitized airway hyperreactivity, thus serving as a possible candidate for therapeutic uses for allergic airway symptoms. 相似文献16.
Mahmoud Abdallah El-Husseiny Ashraf Abdel-Hameed Abdel-Moneim Mohammed Arafat Abdel-Maksoud Kamel Suliman Hammad 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(4):491-495
Objective
The study was performed to evaluate the technique of laproscopic minigastric bypass for metabolic syndrome patients.Study design
The patients were enrolled in a combined prospective study and had a retrospectively gathered outcome analysis.Patient and methods
The study includes thirty patients; 24 females and 6 males suffering from metabolic syndrome with a mean age of 33.15?±?10.17?years (range, 20–59), who fulfilled the criteria for bariatric surgery with BMI >35 with associated co-morbidities, all patients underwent laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass.Results
BMI and WC were significantly reduced post-operatively; also co-morbidities as DM, hypertension and dyslipidemia were resolved or controlled. The mean operative time was 90?±?12.6?min (range, 80–120). No mortality was reported within 30?days of surgery.Conclusion
Laparoscopic mini gastric bypass is an effective procedure for the treatment of obesity, HTN, type 2 DM and dyslipidemia, technically feasible, safe operation with a low rate of major postoperative complications. 相似文献17.
Doroteo Acero Fernández María José Ferri Iglesias María Buxó Pujolràs Carmen López Nuñez Isabel Serra Matamala Xavier Queralt Molés Xavier Aldeguer Manté 《Gastroenterologia y hepatologia》2018,41(1):2-11
Background
Genotypic distribution and epidemiology of HCV infection in Western Europe countries has changed over the last decades.Aim
To establish the local genotypic profile and characterize the associated demographic variables.Material and method
All the genotyping from 1988 to 2015 were considered. Associated demographic variables were included in logistic regression models. Genotyping was carried out with updated commercial kits.Results
Genotype 1b was the most prevalent (42.4%) followed by 1a (22.5%), 3 (18.6%), 4 (10.6%) and 2 (4.6%). The prevalence of 1a was higher in males, in patients younger than 45 and in intravenous drug users (IDU). 1b was more frequent in older than 45, with transfusion-associated and parenteral/nosocomial infections and in immigrants from Eastern Europe. Genotype 2 was highly prevalent in the postransfusional route (54.9%). Genotype 3 prevalence was high in males, in patients younger than 45, in IDU (69.3%) and in Asian and Eastern European immigrants. Genotype 4 was high in males, in patients younger than 45, and in IDU (63.5%). 1a, 3, 4 were the most prevalent genotypes in HIV-coinfected patients. There was a significant decline in genotype 1b and an increase in genotypes 3 and 4 over time.Conclusions
There has been a decline of genotype 1b, associated with transfusion or parenteral/nosocomial infections, and increases in the prevalence of genotypes 1a, 3 and 4 associated with male gender and IDU, now the most prevalent infection route. Immigration contributed with genotype 2 infections from Africa and genotype 1b and 3 infections from Eastern Europe and Asia. 相似文献18.
Ivan Sanz Muñoz Silvia Rojo Rello Raúl Ortiz de Lejarazu 《Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica》2018,36(9):572-575
Introduction
The aim of this study was to analyze the presence of antibodies against both Yamagata and Victoria influenza B lineages and to check the response after seasonal trivalent vaccination.Materials and methods
Haemagglutination inhibition assays were performed with pre-and post-vaccination serum samples from 174 individuals ≥65 years of age vaccinated with seasonal trivalent influenza vaccines during the 2006–2007, 2008–2009, 2009–2010 and 2010–2011 vaccine campaigns.Results
33.9% of individuals showed pre-vaccine protective antibodies (≥1/40) against B/Yamagata lineage and 41.4% against B/Victoria lineage. The annual trivalent vaccine induced significant homologous seroconversion in 14–35.6% of individuals in each vaccine campaign.Conclusions
The population ≥65 years has low-moderate seroprotection against B influenza lineages. Trivalent vaccination induced a slight increase of seroprotection. The trivalent vaccine should be administered to all individuals ≥65 years in all vaccine campaigns. 相似文献19.
Ana M. Palomar Aránzazu Portillo Paula Santibáñez Sonia Santibáñez José A. Oteo 《Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica》2018,36(9):568-571
Introduction
Borrelia miyamotoi is a tick-borne pathogen belonging to the relapsing fever group. It had not been reported from Spain, but its wide distribution and the presence of the tick-vector (Ixodes ricinus) made us suspect its circulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Borrelia spp. in I. ricinus in Spain.Methods
A total of 652 I. ricinus nymphs collected in northern Spain were processed. The DNA was extracted using incubations with ammonium hydroxide. Borrelia spp. DNA was amplified using Borrelia-specific PCR assays (glpQ, 16S rRNA and flagellin genes).Results
B. miyamotoi was amplified in 4 specimens, and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in 27 (8 Borrelia afzelii, 7 Borrelia garinii, 8 Borrelia lusitaniae, 3 Borrelia valaisiana and 1 B. burgdorferi sensu stricto).Conclusion
B. miyamotoi should be considered in the differential diagnoses of patients with confirmed or suspected tick-bite in Spanish endemic areas for Lyme disease. 相似文献20.
T.D. Filippatos V. Tsimihodimos G. Liamis M.S. Elisaf 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(1):59-63