广西黑衣壮族中老年人群的血压水平及其影响因素

目的了解广西黑衣壮族中老年人群的血压水平及其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样的方法对657例黑衣壮族中老年人进行血压、身高、体重、体质指数、血脂及载脂蛋白的测定,并将其结果与520例当地的汉族人比较。结果黑衣壮族中,老年人的收缩压和脉压水平显著高于汉族人群,收缩压分别为(129．0±20．1)mm Hg和(125．8±17．4)mm Hg,(P<0．01);脉区分别为(51．5±16．1)mm Hg和(47．1±12．0)mm Hg(P<0．01)。黑衣壮族人群高血压患病率高于汉族人群(32．9％和24．6％,P<0．01),单纯收缩期高血压的患病率也明显高于汉族人群(16．7％对5．2％, P<0．01)。黑衣壮族人群高血压患病率与甘油三酯、男性、年龄和饮酒量呈显著正相关,而汉族人群高血压患病率与总胆固醇、男性、年龄、饮酒量和体质指数呈显著正相关。黑衣壮族和汉族人群高血压的知晓率分别为7．9％和19．5％(P<0．01),治疗率为4．2％和13．3％(P<0．01),控制率为1．4％和9．4％(P<0．01)。结论黑衣壮族和汉族人群的血压水平和高血压患病率存在差异,可能与他们生活的地理环境、生活方式、钠盐摄入过多、文化程度低及遗传背景等不同有关。     

富裕农村地区中小学教师的血压和血脂水平研究

目的调查富裕农村地区中小学教师人群（教师人群）的血压和血脂水平及其高血压与高脂血症的关系。方法采用整群抽样的方法对910名中小学教师的血压、身高、体质量、体质指数、血脂进行测量,并与同期体检的648名当地企事业单位健康人群（一般人群）作对照。结果教师人群的血压水平及高血压患病率显著高于一般人群（P〈0.01）;总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平明显低于一般人群,而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平则明显高于一般人群,其高脂血症患病率也明显低于一般人群（P〈0.05）。非条件多因素Logistic回归分析显示,教师人群高血压患病率与TG呈正相关（P〈0.05）,而一般人群高血压患病率则与TC呈正相关（P〈0.01）。结论教师人群的血压和血脂水平与一般人群存在显著差异,其高血压和高脂血症的防治即有普遍性又有特殊性。     

社会地位和教育水平较高人群的血压和血脂水平

背景随着社会经济的发展和生活方式的变化，我国高血压发病率及相关危险因素均有增加趋势，不健康的生活方式和膳食不平衡是导致高血压患病率上升的主要原因，知识水平较高的高校教师人群高血压患病率及其危险因素存在特殊性。目的探讨一组高校教师人群血压和血脂水平及其高血压与高血脂症的关系。方法采用整群抽样的方法对1028例信阳师范学院教师（高校教师人群）的血压、身高、体质量、体质量指数、血脂进行测定，并将其结果与862例当地的市直企事业单位健康体检人群（普通人群）作比较。结果高校教师人群收缩压[（125．2&#177;18．4）VS（121．8&#177;15．9）mmHg]和脉压[（48．5&#177;13．9）VS（44．8&#177;11．2）mmHg]水平显著高于普通人群（P〈0．05），单纯收缩期高血压（10．2％比6．4％）和高血压（21．5％比15．6％）的患病率也明显高于普通人群（P〈0．05）；而总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平则显著低于普通人群（P〈0．05～0．001），高胆固醇血症（24．5％比28．9％）患病率也显著低于普通人群（P〈0．05），但高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平值则显著高于普通人群（P〈0．01）。高校教师人群高血压患病率与TG呈显著正相关（r=0．423，P〈0．05），而普通人群高血压患病率则与TC呈显著正相关（r=0．618，P〈0．01）。结论高校教师人群的血压和血脂水平与普通人群存在显著差异，其高血压防治具有特殊性。     

广西黑衣壮族中老年人群高血压患病率调查

目的探讨广西黑衣壮族中老年人群高血压的患病情况及其影响因素.方法采用整群抽样方法对657例≥40岁黑衣壮族人群的血压、身高、体重、体重指数、血脂及载脂蛋白进行测定,并将其结果与520例当地的汉族人群作比较.结果黑衣壮族人群高血压的患病率明显高于汉族人群(32.9%比24.6%,P＜0.01),黑衣壮族人群单纯收缩期高血压的患病率也明显高于汉族人群(16.7%比5.2%,P＜0.001).黑衣壮族和汉族人群高血压患病率受总胆固醇、甘油三酯、年龄、性别、饮酒、民族和体重指数的影响.黑衣壮族和汉族人群高血压知晓率为7.9%比19.5%(P＜0.01),治疗率4.2%比13.3%(P＜0.01),控制率1.4%比9.4%(P＜0.01).结论广西黑衣壮族中老年人群高血压患病率显著高于汉族,而高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率则显著低于汉族.     

广西黑衣壮族人群的血脂水平及其危险因素

黑衣壮族人群总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇和载脂蛋白B水平明显低于汉族人群,但高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇水平和载脂蛋白A1与载脂蛋白B比值则显著高于汉族人群。黑衣壮族人群高脂血症受年龄、体重指数和血压的影响。     

维吾尔族高血压伴肥胖患者血脂及血尿酸相关性分析

目的：分析维吾尔族原发性高血压伴肥胖患者血脂及血尿酸水平。方法：选择维吾尔族原发性高血压患者124例及维吾尔族非高血压患者116例为研究对象。根据体重指数≥28g／m^2为肥胖,病人被分为高血压伴肥胖组（64例）、高血压无肥胖组（60例）和肥胖无高血压组（57例）、无高血压无肥胖组（59例）,分别测定血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（LDL—C）、载脂蛋白（Apo）-AI、APO-B、血尿酸（UA）浓度。结果：①高血压伴肥胖组血TC、TG、LDL—C、UA浓度较高血压无肥胖组及无高血压无肥胖组显著升高（P〈0．05）;②高血压伴肥胖组血脂、UA浓度与肥胖无高血压组相比无显著差异（P〉0．05）;③高血压无肥胖组TC、LDL—C水平较无高血压无肥胖组显著升高（P〈0．05）;④肥胖无高血压组TC、TG、LDL—C、UA水平较无高血压无肥胖组显著升高（P〈0．05）。结论：维吾尔族原发性高血压伴肥胖患者存在血脂和血尿酸水平升高等代谢紊乱的倾向。     

广西黑衣壮族中老年人群的血脂水平及其影响因素

目的了解广西黑衣壮族中老年人群的血脂水平及其危险因素。方法采用整群抽样调查方法对657例黑衣壮族中老年人群的血压、身高、体重、体重指数(BMI)、血脂及载脂蛋白(apo)进行测定,并将其结果与520例当地的汉族人群作比较。结果黑衣壮族人群的总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和apoB水平明显低于汉族人群(P<0.05),但高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平和apoA1/apoB则显著高于汉族人群(P<0.01);两民族的apoA1水平比较差异无显著性意义。黑衣壮族人群血脂异常患病率也明显低于汉族人群(P<0.05)。黑衣壮族人群血脂异常患病率与BMI和血压呈显著正相关,而汉族人群血脂异常患病率则与年龄、BMI和血压呈显著正相关,与性别呈显著负相关(女性高于男性)。结论黑衣壮族和汉族中老年人群的血脂谱、血脂异常患病率及其危险因素存在明显差异,可能与他们的饮食习惯、生活方式、体力活动和遗传因素不同有关。     

广西黑衣壮族中老年人群高脂血症患病率调查

目的了解广西黑衣壮族中老年人群高脂血症的患病情况。方法采用整群抽样方法对657例黑衣壮族中老年人进行血压、身高、体重、体质指数、血脂及载脂蛋白测定,并将其结果与520例当地的汉族中老年人作比较。结果黑衣壮族和汉族人群高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症及高脂血症的患病率分别为289%和358%(P<005)、132%和167%(P>005)及362%和423%(P<005)。黑衣壮族和汉族人群高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高载脂蛋白B、高载脂蛋白A1/载脂蛋白B比值及低载脂蛋白A1的患病率分别为737%和683%(P<005)、117%和177%(P<001)、123%和204%(P<001)、49%和19%(P<001)和03%和06%(P>005)。结论黑衣壮族较汉族人群高脂血症的患病率低,这可能与他们的饮食习惯、生活方式、体力活动以及遗传背景不同有关。     

血管紧张素原基因T704C多态性与血脂水平及原发性高血压的相关性探讨

采用PCR-RFLP方法检测开滦煤矿汉族人群（1224例）血管紧张素原（AGT）基因,1704C单核苷酸多态性;用全自动生化分析仪测定血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）水平,分析AGT基因T704C多态性与血脂水平及原发性高血压（EH组）的相关性。结果非EH（NEH组,1004例）携带CC基因型者血清TG、VLDL水平显著高于携带TT、TG者,携带TT基因型者HDL水平高于携带TC和CC基因型者（P均〈0．05）;EH组携带TT基因型者TC、TG、VLDL水平高于NEH组,HDL含量低于NEH组,携带TC基因型者TC、TG、LDL、VLDL水平高于NEH组,P均〈0．05。认为AGT基因T704C多态性与EH发病有关,可能机制为影响血脂水平。     

新疆维、汉两民族中老年人群血脂水平调查分析

目的：分析新疆维吾尔族（维族）、汉族≥50岁人群血脂水平现状,了解其是否存在民族间的差异。方法：采用分层随机多级整群抽样的方法对居住在新疆有常住户口、年龄≥50岁的维族居民2567人和汉族居民2291人,共计4858人行血脂水平现况捌查。结果：（1）新疆维、汉两民族抽样人群血清总胆固醇（TC）均值为（4．75±1．05）mmol／L．高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—c）为（1．38±0．37）mmol／L．低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（LDL—c）为（2．57±1．21）mmol／L,甘油三酯（TG）为（1．74±1．26）mmol／L;（2）维族组血清TC为（4．81±1.14）mmol／L,高于汉族组的（4．69±0．94）mmol／L（P〈0．05）;维族组HDL—C为（1．36±0．39）mmol／L,低于汉族组的（1．4l±0．33）mmol／1．（P〈0．05）;维族组LDL-C为（2．69±1．16）mmol／L,高于汉族组的（2．45±1．26）mmol／L（P〈0．05）;维族组TG为（1．70±1．14）mmol／L,低于汉族组的（1．78±1．39）mmol／L（P〈0．05）;（3）抽样人群各血脂水平（TC、HDL—C、LDL—C和TG）女性均显著高于男性（P均〈0．05）;（4）高TC患病率维、汉两民族分别为33．8％和26．0％（P〈0．05）,高LDL—C患病率维、汉两民族为34．1％和20．2％（P〈0．05）,高TG患病率维、汉两民族为33．2％和37．9％（P〈0．05）,低HDL-C患病率维、汉两民族为16．9％和6．8％（P〈0．05）。结论：新疆维、汉两民族≥50岁人群的血脂水平和血脂异常患病率存在着民族间及性别间的差异。     

Effects of demographic, dietary and other lifestyle factors on the prevalence of hyperlipidemia in Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang and Han populations.

BACKGROUND: Han is the largest nationality and Zhuang is the largest minority among 56 nationalities in China. Hei Yi (means black-worship and black dressing) Zhuang is a special subgroup of 43 ethnic subgroups of Zhuang. There are limited data about the effect of environmental factors on the prevalence of hyperlipidemia in this population. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of demographic, dietary, and other lifestyle factors on the prevalence of hyperlipidemia in Hei Yi Zhuang and Han populations. DESIGN: We performed a cross-sectional study of 1166 randomly selected people of Hei Yi Zhuang aged 7-84 years from seven villages in Napo County, Guangxi, China; and 1018 people of Han aged 6-89 years from nine villages in the same region. METHODS: Information on demographic characteristics, dietary patterns, and other lifestyle factors was collected by standard questionnaires. Blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumference, serum lipids and apolipoproteins were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated as a measure of weight relative to height. RESULTS: The prevalence rates of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperlipidemia in Hei Yi Zhuang and Han were 23.6 versus 27.0% (P>0.05), 12.3 versus 14.4% (P>0.05) and 29.9 versus 34.2% (P<0.05), respectively. The prevalence of hyperlipidemia was positively correlated with age, BMI and blood pressure (P<0.05- 0.001) in Hei Yi Zhuang, whereas it was positively associated with age, BMI, blood pressure and alcohol consumption in Han (P<0.01-0.001). There was no significant correlation between the prevalence of hyperlipidemia and sex or cigarette smoking in Hei Yi Zhuang, Han or a combined population of Hei Yi Zhuang and Han (P>0.05), and alcohol consumption in Hei Yi Zhuang (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The current study reveals that there is a significant difference in the prevalence of hyperlipidemia and its risk factors between Hei Yi Zhuang and Han, which might result from different demographic characteristics, dietary habits and other lifestyle factors.     

Prevalence, awareness, treatment, control and risk factors of hypertension in the Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang and Han populations.

Han is the largest nationality and Zhuang is the largest minority among the 56 nationalities in China. Geographically and linguistically, Zhuang can be classified into 43 ethnic subgroups, with the Hei Yi Zhuang Chinese, who live in Napo County bordering northeast Vietnam and comprise a population of 51,655, having the most conservative culture and customs (Hei Yi means "black-clothing" and the Hei Yi Zhuang revere and wear the color black). The determinants of hypertension and its risk factors in this population have not been well-defined. To obtain some of this information, a cross-sectional study of hypertension was carried out in 1,166 Hei Yi Zhuang Chinese (aged 7-84; mean, 44.00+/-17.54 years) and 1,018 Han Chinese controls (42.95+/-17.11; range, 6-89 years) in the same area. Information on demographic characteristics, health-related behaviors and lifestyle factors was collected by questionnaire. The overall prevalence rates of hypertension and isolated systolic hypertension in Hei Yi Zhuang were higher than those in Han (23.2% vs. 16.0% and 11.5% vs. 3.7%; p<0.001 for each). The levels of systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure in Hei Yi Zhuang were also higher than those in Han (p<0.001 for each). The prevalence of hypertension was positively correlated with triglycerides, male gender, and age in Hei Yi Zhuang, whereas it was positively correlated with total cholesterol, male gender, age, and alcohol consumption in Han. The rates of awareness, treatment and control in Hei Yi Zhuang were lower than those in Han (8.5% vs. 20.9%, 4.4% vs. 15.3%, and 1.9% vs. 10.4%; p<0.001 for each), which may have been due to unique geographical characteristics, unwholesome lifestyles, greater sodium intake, lower education levels, and genetic risk factors in the former group.     

Polymorphism of the Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein-2 Gene and Its Association With Serum Lipid Levels in the Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang and Han Populations

BackgroundInformation about the association of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) gene polymorphism at the 1784G>C locus and serum lipid parameters is limited and contradictory. The present study was undertaken to compare the difference in the SREBP-2 gene polymorphism and its association with serum lipid levels between the Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang and Han populations.MethodsGenotyping of the SREBP-2 gene in 768 subjects of Hei Yi Zhuang and 798 participants of Han Chinese aged 15 to 89 was performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism.ResultsThe frequency of G allele was 88.9% in Hei Yi Zhuang and 84.7% in Han (P < 0.001). The frequencies of GG, GC, and CC genotypes were 78.9%, 20.1%, and 1.0% in Hei Yi Zhuang, and 70.4%, 28.6%, and 1.0% in Han (P < 0.001), respectively. The frequencies of G allele and GG genotype in Han, but not in Hei Yi Zhuang, were higher in males than in females, or in high total cholesterol (TC >5.18 mmol/L) subgroup than in normal TC subgroup (P < 0.01 for all). In high TC subgroup, TC, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B levels in Han were lower in GG genotype than in GC/CC genotype (P < 0.05–0.01).ConclusionsThere were significant differences in the genotypic and allelic frequencies of the SREBP-2 gene polymorphism at the 1784G>C locus between the Hei Yi Zhuang and Han populations. The individuals carrying the G allele have more favorable lipid profiles than those carrying the C allele in Han but not in Hei Yi Zhuang.     

Serum lipid levels and their risk factors in theGuangxi Mu Lao Zu population

Objectives Mu Lao Zu population.Methods A total of 1055 subjects of Mu Lao Zu were studied by a stratified randomized cluster sampling.Blood pressure,body height, body weight,waist circumference and serum lipid and apolipoprotein(Apo) levels were measured.The data were compared with those in 969 subjects of Han Chinese from the same region.In order to evaluate the association of hyperlipidemia with nine possible riks factors,multivariate logistic regression analysis was also performed in the combined population of Mu Lao Zu and Han,Mu Lao Zu,and Han;respectively. Results The levels of total cholesterol,triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and ApoB in Mu Lao Zu were significantly higher than those in Han(P<0.05-0.001); but the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,ApoA1 and ApoA1/Apo were significantly lower than those in Han (P<0.001 ).The prevalence of hyperlipidemia and Hypercholesterolemia was also significantly higher in Mu Lao Zu than in Han(53.0%vs.46.1%,P<0.001) and(44.5%vs. 37.5%,P<0.001).There was no difference in the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia between the both ethnic groups (22.8%vs.19.4%,P>0.05).Hyperlipidemia was positively correlated with age,BMI,and systolic blood pressureMu Lao Zu(P<0.05),whereas it was positively correlated with BMI and hypertension in Han(P<0.05 for each).Conclusions The serum lipid profiles,the prevalence of hyperlipidemia and the risk factors are different between the Mu Lao Zu and Han populations.The differences in serum lipid profiles between the two ethnic groups might result from different dietary habit,life style,as well as genetic factors,in ? To determine the serum lipid levels and their risk factors in the Guangxi.     

Association of apolipoprotein A5 gene polymorphisms and serum lipid levels

Background and aims

Apolipoprotein (APO) A5 gene polymorphisms have been associated with increased plasma triglyceride (TG), but the results are inconsistent. The present study was undertaken to detect the APOA5 gene polymorphisms and their associations with lipid profiles in the Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang and Han populations.

Methods and results

Genotyping of the APOA5 −1131T>C, c.553G>T and c.457G>A was performed in 490 subjects of Hei Yi Zhuang and 540 participants of Han Chinese aged 15-89 years. The −1131C allele frequency was higher in high total cholesterol (TC) than in normal TC subgroups in both the ethnic groups (P < 0.05). The c.553T allele frequency was higher in high TG than in normal TG subgroups (P < 0.01), in high APOB than in normal APOB subgroups in Hei Yi Zhuang (P < 0.05), or in females than in males in Han (P < 0.01). The c.457A allele frequency in Han was higher in high TG than in normal TG subgroups, in low APOA1 than in normal APOA1 subgroups, in males than in females, or in normal APOB than in high APOB subgroups (P < 0.05-0.01). The levels of TC, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and APOB in Hei Yi Zhuang were correlated with −1131T>C genotype or allele, and the levels of TG were associated with c.553G>T genotype (P < 0.05). The levels of TG, APOA1 and APOB in Han were correlated with c.457G>A genotype or allele, and the levels of TC were associated with −1131T>C allele (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The differences in the lipid profiles between the two ethnic groups might partly result from different APOA5 gene-environmental interactions.     

Sex differences in environmental and genetic factors for hypertension

Background

Sex differences are observed in many aspects of mammalian cardiovascular function and pathology. Hypertension is more common in men than in women of the same age. Although the effects of gonadal hormones on blood pressure are considered contributing factors, the reasons for sex differences in hypertension are still not fully understood. The present study was undertaken to compare the differences in several environmental and genetic factors beween men and women in the Hei Yi Zhuang, an isolated subgroup of the Zhuang minority in China.

Methods

Information on demography, diet, and lifestyle was collected in 835 women and 834 men aged 15 to 84 years. Genotyping of angiotensin-converting enzyme, adrenergic receptor β₃, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, calpastatin, connexin 37, hepatic lipase, lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor, and von Willebrand factor also was performed in these subjects.

Results

The levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence, awareness, and treatment of hypertension were lower in women than in men (P < .05). Hypertension was positively associated with age, physical activity, alcohol consumption, body mass index, waist circumference, hyperlipidemia, total energy, total fat, sodium intake, and sodium/potassium ratio, and negatively associated with education level, total dietary fiber, potassium intake, angiotensin-converting enzyme, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, and hepatic lipase genotypes in men (P < .05). Hypertension was positively associated with age, hyperlipidemia, total energy, total fat, sodium intake, sodium/potassium ratio, calpastatin, and von Willebrand factor genotypes, and negatively associated with education level, total dietary fiber, potassium, calcium intake, lipoprotein lipase, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor genotypes in women (P < .05).

Conclusion

Sex differences in the prevalence of hypertension in the Hei Yi Zhuang population may be mainly attributed to the differences in dietary habits, lifestyle choices, sodium and potassium intakes, physical activity level, and some genetic polymorphisms.