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BACKGROUND:
To the authors' knowledge, few studies to date have examined racial differences in prostate cancer survival while controlling for socioeconomic status (SES). No such studies have examined this association in Texas, a large state with significant ethnic and racial diversity. The objective of this analysis was to determine whether racial disparities in survival for men diagnosed with prostate cancer in Texas from 1995 through 2002 remained after adjusting for SES, rural residence, and stage of disease.METHODS:
A cohort of 87,449 men who were diagnosed with prostate cancer was identified from the Texas Cancer Registry. The SES measure was based on census tract data reflecting median household income, median home value, and percentages of men living below poverty, with a college education, and with a management or professional occupation. The 5‐year survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan‐Meier method and Cox proportional hazard modeling was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for race and all‐cause and disease‐specific mortality.RESULTS:
After adjusting for SES, age, stage of disease, tumor grade, year of diagnosis, and rural residence, both black and Hispanic men were more likely (adjusted HR [aHR], 1.70 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.58‐1.83] and aHR, 1.11 [95% CI, 1.02‐1.20], respectively) to die of prostate cancer compared with white men. The pattern of survival disadvantage for black men held for those diagnosed with localized disease and advanced disease, and for those with an unknown stage of disease at diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS:
Substantial racial disparities in prostate cancer survival were found for men in Texas. Future studies should incorporate treatment data as well as comorbid conditions because this information may explain noted survival disparities. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society. 相似文献2.
Chanita Hughes Halbert PhD Benita Weathers MPH Ernestine Delmoor MPH Brandon Mahler BA James Coyne PhD Hayley S. Thompson PhD Thomas Ten Have PhD David Vaughn MD S. Bruce Malkowicz MD David Lee MD 《Cancer》2009,115(11):2553-2561
BACKGROUND:
Mistrust of healthcare providers and systems is a significant barrier to quality healthcare. However, limited empirical data are available on perceptions of medical mistrust among individuals who are diagnosed with cancer. The objective of this study was to identify sociodemographic, clinical, and cultural determinants of mistrust among men diagnosed with prostate cancer.METHODS:
The authors conducted an observational study among 196 African‐American men (n = 71) and white men (n = 125) who were newly diagnosed with prostate cancer during 2003 through 2007.RESULTS:
Race, education, healthcare experiences, and cultural factors had significant effects on mistrust. African‐American men (P = .01) and men who had fewer years of formal education (P = .001) reported significantly greater levels of mistrust compared with white men and men who had more education. Mistrust also was greater among men who had been seeing their healthcare provider for a longer period (P = .01) and among men with lower perceptions of interdependence (P = .01).CONCLUSIONS:
The current findings suggested that efforts to enhance trust among men who are diagnosed with prostate cancer should target African‐American men, men with fewer socioeconomic resources, and men with lower perceptions of interdependence. Reasons for deterioration in trust associated with greater experience with specialty providers should be explored along with the effects of interventions that are designed to address the concerns of individuals who have greater mistrust. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society. 相似文献3.
Gilligan T 《Cancer causes & control : CCC》2005,16(1):45-53
To evaluate the current state of our knowledge regarding social disparities and prostate cancer and to map the domains where substantial knowledge has been acquired as well as those where little is known, with the purpose of identifying important areas for future research.A Medline research was conducted to identify published papers regarding social disparities in prostate cancer since 1990. The results of this review are presented in a social disparities and prostate cancer grid designed to highlight which domains of social disparities have been researched and which neglected.The major social disparity in prostate cancer concerns the extremely high prostate cancer incidence and mortality seen among black Americans. This is also the area where the most research has been performed. Low socioeconomic position is associated with poorer prostate cancer outcomes but not with higher prostate cancer incidence. It remains poorly defined to what extent racial/ethnic differences in prostate cancer result from differences in socioeconomic position (SEP). Understanding the causes of the high prostate cancer mortality seen among black men remains the major challenge in the area of social disparities and prostate cancer. 相似文献
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Changing attitudes towards management of men with locally advanced prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy: A follow‐up survey of Australia‐based urologists 下载免费PDF全文
Bernadette Brown Sam Egger Jane Young Andrew B Kneebone Andrew J Brooks Amanda Dominello Mary Haines 《Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology》2016,60(6):744-755
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Associations between RNA splicing regulatory variants of stemness‐related genes and racial disparities in susceptibility to prostate cancer 下载免费PDF全文
Hongliang Liu Patricia G. Moorman Terry Hyslop Daniel J. George Norman H. Lee Steven R. Patierno Qingyi Wei 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2017,141(4):731-743
Evidence suggests that cells with a stemness phenotype play a pivotal role in oncogenesis, and prostate cells exhibiting this phenotype have been identified. We used two genome‐wide association study (GWAS) datasets of African descendants, from the Multiethnic/Minority Cohort Study of Diet and Cancer (MEC) and the Ghana Prostate Study, and two GWAS datasets of non‐Hispanic whites, from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial and the Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3), to analyze the associations between genetic variants of stemness‐related genes and racial disparities in susceptibility to prostate cancer. We evaluated associations of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 25 stemness‐related genes with prostate cancer risk in 1,609 cases and 2,550 controls of non‐Hispanic whites (4,934 SNPs) and 1,144 cases and 1,116 controls of African descendants (5,448 SNPs) with correction by false discovery rate ≤0.2. We identified 32 SNPs in five genes (TP63, ALDH1A1, WNT1, MET and EGFR) that were significantly associated with prostate cancer risk, of which six SNPs in three genes (TP63, ALDH1A1 and WNT1) and eight EGFR SNPs showed heterogeneity in susceptibility between these two racial groups. In addition, 13 SNPs in MET and one in ALDH1A1 were found only in African descendants. The in silico bioinformatics analyses revealed that EGFR rs2072454 and SNPs in linkage with the identified SNPs in MET and ALDH1A1 (r2 > 0.6) were predicted to regulate RNA splicing. These variants may serve as novel biomarkers for racial disparities in prostate cancer risk. 相似文献
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Steven C. Moore PhD Tricia M. Peters MPhil Jiyoung Ahn PhD Yikyung Park ScD Arthur Schatzkin MD Demetrius Albanes MD Albert Hollenbeck PhD Michael F. Leitzmann MD 《Cancer》2009,115(21):5060-5070
BACKGROUND:
The relation of physical activity across the lifespan to risk of prostate cancer has not been thoroughly investigated, particularly among black men. The authors investigated physical activity, including activity during different age periods and of various intensities, in relation to prostate cancer incidence among white men and black men.METHODS:
In total, 160,006 white men and 3671 black men ages 51 years to 72 years who were enrolled in the National Institutes of Health‐AARP Diet and Health Study reported their time spent per week engaging in physical activity during ages 15 to 18 years, 19 years to 29 years, 35 years to 39 years, and during the past 10 years. Cox regression models were used to examine physical activity, categorized by intensity (moderate or vigorous, light, and total), in relation to prostate cancer risk.RESULTS:
During 7 years of follow‐up, 9624 white men and 371 black men developed prostate cancer. Among white men, physical activity had no association with prostate cancer regardless of age period or activity intensity. Among black men, engaging in ≥4 hours of moderate/vigorous intensity physical activity versus infrequent activity during ages 19 years to 29 years was related to a 35% lower risk of prostate cancer (relative risk, 0.65; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.43‐0.99 [Ptrend = .01]). Frequent moderate/vigorous physical activity at ages 35 years to 39 years also potentially was related to reduced prostate cancer risk (relative risk, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36‐0.96 [Ptrend = .15]).CONCLUSIONS:
Regular physical activity may reduce prostate cancer risk among black men, and activity during young adulthood may yield the greatest benefit. This novel finding needs confirmation in additional studies. Cancer 2009. Published 2009 by the American Cancer Society. 相似文献11.
Risk of malignant melanoma in men with prostate cancer: Nationwide,population‐based cohort study 下载免费PDF全文
Frederik B. Thomsen Yasin Folkvaljon Hans Garmo David Robinson Stacy Loeb Christian Ingvar Mats Lambe Pär Stattin 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2016,138(9):2154-2160
An increased risk of malignant melanoma has been observed in men with prostate cancer. To assess potential shared risk factors and confounding factors, we analysed risk of melanoma in men with prostate cancer including information on tumor characteristics and demographics including socioeconomic status. In The Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden, risk of melanoma was assessed in a cohort of men with prostate cancer and in a comparison cohort of prostate‐cancer free men. Data on prostate cancer risk category, melanoma stage, basal cell carcinoma, location of residency, and socioeconomic status were obtained from nationwide registers. Melanoma was diagnosed in 830/108,145 (0.78%) men with prostate cancer and in 3,699/556,792 (0.66%) prostate cancer‐free men. In multivariable Cox regression models, men with prostate cancer had a significantly increased risk of melanoma (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.09–1.27), and so had married men, men with high education and income, and men residing in southern Sweden. The strongest associations were observed for stage 0 melanoma in men with low‐risk prostate cancer (HR 1.45, 1.14–1.86), high education (HR 1.87, 1.60–2.18) and top income (HR 1.61, 1.34–1.93), respectively, whereas there was no association between these factors and late–stage melanoma. Men with prostate cancer also had an increased risk of basal cell carcinoma (HR 1.18, 1.15–1.22). In conclusion, men with low‐risk prostate cancer, high education, high income and residency in southern Sweden had an increased risk of early‐stage melanoma. 相似文献
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Sun M Abdollah F Liberman D Abdo A Thuret R Tian Z Shariat SF Montorsi F Perrotte P Karakiewicz PI 《Cancer》2011,117(18):4277-4285
BACKGROUND:
Previous reports indicated that African‐American men with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) have more aggressive tumor characteristics and less favorable outcomes than other men. The authors of this report evaluated the effects of race and socioeconomic status (SES) on stage distribution, overall mortality (OM), and cancer‐specific mortality (CSM) in men with TGCTs.METHODS:
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to identify 22,553 men who were diagnosed with TGCTs between 1988 and 2006. Kaplan‐Meier and Cox regression analyses were generated to predict OM and CSM. Covariates of the analyses included race, SES, age, histologic subtype, disease stage, procedure type, SEER registry, and year of diagnosis. The interaction between race and SES also was examined.RESULTS:
Overall, there were 516 African‐American men, 21,090 Caucasian men, and 947 men of other races. African‐Americans (14.9%) and individuals with low SES (10.7%) had a higher proportion of distant stage disease. CSM and OM rates were significantly higher for African‐American patients and for patients who resided in low SES counties. Multivariate analyses revealed that African‐American men and men with low SES were more likely to die of OM and CSM relative to Caucasian men (P < .001) and men with high SES (P < .001), respectively. The interaction between race and SES was not significant.CONCLUSIONS:
African‐American race and low SES appeared to predispose men to more advanced disease stages and to higher OM and CSM rates. These observations may warrant race‐specific and/or SES‐specific adjustments in the treatment of TGCT. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society. 相似文献13.
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“Prostate cancer is far more hidden…”: Perceptions of stigma,social isolation and help‐seeking among men with prostate cancer 下载免费PDF全文
K.A. Ettridge PhD J.A. Bowden MPH S.K. Chambers PhD D.P. Smith PhD M. Murphy BA Grad Dip Applied Psychology S.M. Evans PhD D. Roder DDSc C.L. Miller PhD 《European journal of cancer care》2018,27(2)
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F. Lapi M. Levi M. Simonetti M. Cancian D. Parretti I. Cricelli A. Sobrero C. Cricelli 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2016,139(1):205-211
A growing body of evidence indicates that use of low‐dose aspirin (LDA) reduces the risk of certain adenocarcinomas. While there are several and consistent findings on the protective effect of LDA on colorectal and other cancers, few and conflicting evidence is available on prostate cancer (PCa). The aim of this study was to assess whether LDA reduces the incidence rate of PCa. We conducted a nationwide, population‐based, retrospective cohort study by using Health Search IMS Health Longitudinal Patient Database (HSD). Patients with ischemic cardio‐ or cerebrovascular disease (index date) were identified. Time‐dependent multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were adopted to estimate Hazard Ratios (HRs) and related 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of PCa associated with use of LDA. The exposure was lagged by one year to consider the latency of drug effect on the outcome onset. Within a cohort 13,453 patients, the overall incidence rate of PCa was 2.5 per 1,000 person‐years. Use of LDA was associated with a decreased incidence rate of PCa (HR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.48–0.86), which was primarily driven by a frequency of LDA use equal to or higher than twice per week (HR = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.43–0.83). Such an association was more pronounced (HR = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.21–0.91) when LDA was used for five or more years. Our findings indicate that LDA use might be associated with a reduction of risk of PCa in patients with cardio‐ or cerebrovascular diseases. 相似文献
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Androgen deprivation therapy and the risk of death from prostate cancer among men with favorable or unfavorable intermediate‐risk disease 下载免费PDF全文
Florence K. Keane MD Ming‐Hui Chen PhD Danjie Zhang PhD Brian J. Moran MD Michelle H. Braccioforte MPH Anthony V. D'Amico MD 《Cancer》2015,121(16):2713-2719
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Grace L. Smith MD PhD MPH Ya‐Chen T. Shih PhD Ying Xu MD MS Sharon H. Giordano MD MPH Benjamin D. Smith MD George H. Perkins MD Welela Tereffe MD Wendy A. Woodward MD PhD Thomas A. Buchholz MD 《Cancer》2010,116(3):734-741