Primary nasal tuberculosis masquerading as a malignant tumour

Primary nasal tuberculosis is rare. We report a case of primary nasal tuberculosis in an elderly lady who presented with symptoms and signs suggestive of a nasal fossa tumour. Histological examination of the lesion revealed the diagnosis. Treatment was with standard anti-tuberculous chemotherapy. The implications of primary nasal tuberculosis are discussed.     

Primary nasal tuberculosis-a rare clinical entity

Primary tuberculosis of the nose is very rare. We report a case of a 35-year-old woman who presented with bilateral nasal obstruction and epistaxis of 3 months' duration but who was otherwise healthy. She was diagnosed with primary nasal septal tuberculosis and was treated with antituberculosis DOTS (directly observed treatment, short course) therapy for 6 months with complete recovery. Given the resurgence of tuberculosis in recent times, it is important that clinicians remain aware of this rare and treatable clinical entity.     

An unusual case of primary nasal tuberculosis with epistaxis and epilepsy

Primary nasal tuberculosis is rare. We report a case that was all the more extraordinary because of the age and sex of the patient (an 11-year-old boy), the unusual associated symptoms (epistaxis and grand and seizures), and the presence of intracranial extension. Clinical and radiologic findings on our initial evaluation suggested that the patient had a large sinonasal malignancy. The patient manifested no evidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. The diagnosis of primary nasal tuberculosis was established only after we obtained the results of histopathology of the excised mass and a subsequent tuberculin skin test; the diagnosis was confirmed by the patient's rapid response to antituberculosis drug therapy. We also review the relevant literature on this rare condition.     

Nasal leiomyosarcoma

Leiomyosarcoma is an infrequent soft-tissue tumor that generally occurs in the myometrium and gastrointestinal tract. Primary tumors of the veins are unusual and generally occur in the inferior vena cava and only exceptionally in peripheral veins, such as the jugular or its branches. We report a case of leiomyosarcoma located in the left inferior turbinate. The 87 year-old male patient presented nasal obstruction and recurrent nosebleed. He had pulmonary and mediastinal metastases at the time of diagnosis.     

Primary nasal tuberculosis with lacrimal drainage involvement

Primary tuberculosis of the nasolacrimal system is a rare entity. We report two cases of nasal tuberculosis from an endemic area who presented with epiphora as the only symptom. Both cases had no nasal symptoms, no cervical lymph nodes involvement and no evidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Histopathology of biopsy from nasal mucosa in both cases was consistent with tuberculosis. Tuberculin test and Quantiferon TB-Gold test were positive. The patients were treated with anti tubercular therapy along with endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy. At three months post-operative follow up epiphora resolved and patients were asymptomatic.     

Tuberculosis of paranasal sinuses

Nasal tuberculosis is very rare but much rarer is tuberculosis of paranasal sinuses. It involves especially the maxillary sinus and is usually unilateral. We report an unusual case of tuberculosis of frontal and maxillary sinus in a 68 years old male, who presented with a swelling above left medial canthus, with no other eye or nasal complaints. Clinical and radiological findings on our initial evaluation suggested that the patient had left frontal mucocoele with bilateral maxillary haziness. Diagnosis was established on FNAC report and subsequent Ziehl — Neelsen staining of nasal swabs and tuberculin skin test. Later chest x-ray examination was suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis, which was the primary cause. Patient responded well to antituberculosis drug therapy.     

Primary nasal Tuberculosis — A case report

During the past two decades, Tuberculosis — both pulmonary and extrapulmonary have re-emerged as a major health problem worldwide. Nasal tuberculosis may be primary, or secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis or facial lupus. However all of them are rare entities. Nasal tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic nasal granulomas. We report a case of primary nasal tuberculosis in an adult female who presented with a polypoidal lesion in the nasal cavity. The diagnosis was based upon smear study, histopathology, culture & polymerase chain reaction. The patient successfully responded to antituberculous therapy and is presently disease free. Given the resurgence of tuberculosis in recent times, it is important that otolaryngologists remain aware of this rare clinical entity.     

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Nasal Cavity

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is often founded in the head and neck region. However, BSCC in the sinonasal tract is rare. We report here on the case of a 58-yr-old woman who presented with nasal obstruction and epistaxis. Computed tomography and examination of the nasal cavity revealed a tumor mass that originated from the right inferior turbinate with erosion of the nasal floor. The tumor that was attached to the inferior turbinate, the lateral nasal wall and the eroded right side hard palate, and so all this was resected. Histopathologic examination of the excised tumor confirmed BSCC in the nasal cavity. We report here on a nasal cavity BSCC that was treated with partial maxillectomy only.     

A huge chondromyxoid fibroma of the nasal cavity in a newborn baby

Chondromyxoid fibroma is a rare benign tumor that usually occurs in the long bones. A 2-month newborn presented with huge masses in the both nasal cavities, which turned out to be chondromyxoid fibroma. The masses originated from both inferior turbinates. Total turbinectomy on the left side and submucosal mass excision on the right side were performed. No recurrence or new lesion was observed during the 2 years of follow up. We report here on a rare case of nasal cavity chondromyxoid fibroma in a neonate and we review the relevant literature.     

Primary nasal tuberculosis: a case report

During the past 2 decades, tuberculosis--both pulmonary and extrapulmonary--has re-emerged as a major health problem worldwide. Nasal tuberculosis--either primary or secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis or facial lupus--is rare, but it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of nasal granulomas. We describe a case of primary nasal tuberculosis in an adult male who presented with a polypoid lesion in one nasal cavity. The diagnosis was based on histopathology and the patient's successful response to antituberculous drug treatment. Given the rising incidence of tuberculosis, it is prudent that otolaryngologists remain cognizant of this infection as a potential cause of unusual lesions in the head and neck.     

The disappeared disease: tuberculosis of the nasal septum

Recent advances in chemotherapy have reduced the incidence of upper respiratory tract tuberculosis. Tuberculosis of the nose is mainly by secondary infection to pulmonary tuberculosis via contagious, hematogenous or lymphatic routes. Primary infection of the nose is rare but possible when self-cleansing mechanism and lysosomal activity, of the nose is lost. A 45-year-old Korean woman with the chief complaints of nasal obstruction, crusting, and recurrent episodes of epistaxis is presented. Physical examination of the nose revealed friable, easily bleeding masses with crusts on both sides of the septum. The appearance and consistency of the lesions were different from those of nasal polyps. Chest and sinu X-rays revealed no active lesions. Tuberculin skin test was positive and the biopsied specimen proved to be consistent with tuberculosis. Her condition improved after anti-tuberculous medication for about 6 months.     

Unilateral inferior turbinate agenesis: a case report

Many common anatomic variations in the nasal cavity have been observed, including paradoxical turbinates and pneumatization of the inferior, middle, and superior turbinates. We describe a case of a rare anomaly-unilateral inferior turbinate agenesis-in a 65-year-old man who had presented with epistaxis. During evaluation, anterior rhinoscopic examination revealed the absence of the right inferior turbinate; this finding was confirmed on computed tomography. The patient had never undergone nasal or sinus surgery, and he denied ever having expelled anything of significance from his nasal cavity. This case merits attention because of the rarity of reports on turbinate agenesis.     

Congenital os vomer agenesis: case report and literature review

Defects of the nasal septum occur as a result of a variety of causes, including tuberculosis, irritation, neoplasia, trauma, infection, and chronic inflammatory diseases. Congenital os vomer agenesis as a cause is very rare. We report the case of a 28-year-old man with a defect in the posteroinferior part of the nasal septum that was discovered incidentally during a routine endoscopic examination. The patient was diagnosed with congenital os vomer agenesis, and the diagnosis was confirmed by computed tomography. We discuss the features of this case and review the literature on this rare anomaly.     

Coincidence of conchachoanal polyp and complete mulberry hypertrophy of inferior concha

We report two unique cases of 50‐ and 28‐year‐old Turkish men with coincidence of conchachoanal polyp and mulberry hypertrophy of the inferior concha. We operated on both cases with endoscopic stripping of the polypoid tissue while preserving the periosteum and healthy mucosa of the inferior nasal concha. The polypoid tile of the left inferior nasal concha was resected in the case with mulberry hypertrophy at only the tail of the concha. Both cases reported significant relief of symptoms after the operations. Laryngoscope, 2009     

Laryngeal tuberculosis: report of a case

The larynx as a site of tuberculosis represents less than 1% of the total of this disease. Primary tuberculous laryngitis is even more rare. The authors report a case of an 89 year-old man presenting with swallowing disorders (dysphagia and overspill) consulting for suspected laryngeal carcinoma. Finally, the diagnosis was laryngeal tuberculosis. The outcome was favourable with appropriate treatment, obtaining complete healing without any after-effects. The diagnosis of tuberculosis must cross the clinician's mind, even when there are no general symptoms.     

Primary non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma of the Nasal Cavity: Clinical Case Report and Discussion

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nasal cavity is a disease more likely to affect men than women; it is characterized by a T cell immunophenotype and is often associated with involvement of the paranasal structures and with high recurrence rates. Many authors report that its extremely poor prognosis depends on tumour stage and extension into the paranasal sinuses. Patients with Ann Arbor stage IE limited to only one nasal cavity have better survival rates than those with the same stage but with tumour extension beyond the nasal cavity. Patients with stages IIE, IIIE and IV have a very poor prognosis that does not seem to be affected by the use of conventional chemotherapy. Optimal treatment for the disease is not yet known. The use of radiotherapy alone has been reported in initial stages of the disease; however, given that its prognosis is burdened by frequent local or systemic recurrence or both, combined modality therapy has been applied in all stages. In this case report we describe a case of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nasal cavity localized at the middle turbinate, in combination with an updated literature review.     

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nasal cavity. Clinical case report and discussion

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nasal cavity is a disease more likely to affect men than women; it is characterized by a T cell immunophenotype and is often associated with involvement of the paranasal structures and with high recurrence rates. Many authors report that its extremely poor prognosis depends on tumour stage and extension into the paranasal sinuses. Patients with Ann Arbor stage IE limited to only one nasal cavity have better survival rates than those with the same stage but with tumour extension beyond the nasal cavity. Patients with stages IIE, IIIE and IV have a very poor prognosis that does not seem to be affected by the use of conventional chemotherapy. Optimal treatment for the disease is not yet known. The use of radiotherapy alone has been reported in initial stages of the disease; however, given that its prognosis is burdened by frequent local or systemic recurrence or both, combined modality therapy has been applied in all stages. In this case report we describe a case of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nasal cavity localized at the middle turbinate, in combination with an updated literature review.     

Choanal polyp originated from the inferior nasal concha

Almost all choanal polyps originate from the maxillary sinus and a choanal polyp (CP) originating from the inferior nasal concha (INC) is a rare entity. It presents in a similar manner to the more common antrochoanal polyp and may be confused on anterior rhinoscopy. In this report, an unusual case of a CP taking origin from the INC that was removed by endoscopic endonasal surgery in a young man is presented. No intraoperative or postoperative complication occured, and the symptoms immediately resolved after the operation. Although very rare, CPs arising from the INC should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of a solitary nasal polyp.     

下鼻道后穹窿部鼻出血特点及内镜治疗分析

目的探讨下鼻道后穹窿部鼻出血的临床特点及治疗方法。方法回顾性分析2017年1月~2017年6月收治的5例下鼻道后穹窿部鼻出血患者的临床资料,5例患者均为反复、频发、动脉性出血,出血位置隐蔽,常规行前后鼻孔填塞后仍反复间断出血,所有患者均在全麻鼻内镜下行鼻腔探查及电凝止血术。结果5例患者均在术中探及出血点位于下鼻道后穹隆部,通过电凝止血术一次止血成功,随访1~3个月均未复发。结论临床中反复顽固性鼻出血、前后鼻孔填塞无效时,需考虑下鼻道后穹隆部出血,鼻内镜下单极电凝止血疗效肯定。     

Primary olfactory neuroblastoma originating from the inferior meatus of the nasal cavity

Olfactory neuroblastoma is a rare malignant tumor of the nasal cavity arising from the olfactory neuroepithelium. It usually presents as a polypoid mass high in the nasal vault including the cribriform plate, superior turbinate, and superior portion of nasal septum. An 89-year-old man visited our office with symptoms of occasional left nasal bleeding and obstruction. On the endoscopic examinations, polypoid mass with bleeding tendency was observed in the left inferior meatus. Biopsy was performed, and the diagnosis of olfactory neuroblastoma was confirmed by histopathologic examination and immunohistochemical staining. The tumor was resected via medial maxillectomy, and the final pathologic report established that it was primary olfactory neuroblastoma that occurred from the inferior meatus. In this report, a literature review was performed on the pathologic characteristics and prognosis of the tumor, and possible hypotheses that olfactory neuroblastoma has originated from the inferior meatus were discussed.