硒强化沙棘果汁对大鼠机体脂质过氧化作用的影响

成年Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠用含硒强化沙棘果汁、沙棘果汁及维生素Ｃ的半纯化饲料喂养１２周后，测定其血清、肝脏和红细胞膜丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量，全血及肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活性及全血超氧化物岐化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性的变化。结果表明：大鼠血清、肝脏及红细胞膜ＭＤＡ含量在各实验组均远远低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。而各实验组ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ和ＳＯＤ活性均显著高于对照组。结果说明，沙棘果汁可显著降低大鼠机体内脂质过氧化反应，增强机体抵抗过氧化损伤的能力，这种作用在经硒强化后尤为显著。     

硒强化沙棘果汁对大鼠红细胞膜脂质过氧化作用的影响

给正常成年大鼠喂饲添加沙棘果汁、硒强化沙棘果汁及维生素Ｃ（ＶＣ）的半纯化饲料，观察其对大鼠红细胞膜脂质过氧化作用的影响。结果表明，各实验组大鼠红细胞膜、血桨及肝脏脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）含量显著低于正常对照组。红细胞膜硫基和唾液酸含量显著高于对照组，膜Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性也显著提高。提示：沙棘果汁能够显著降低大鼠红细胞膜的脂质过氧化反应，从而保护红细胞膜结构与功能的稳定。其中以硒强化沙棘果汁的作用更为显著。     

沙棘果汁及硒强化沙棘果汁对高脂血症大鼠脂质及脂质过氧化作用的影响

给实验性高脂血症大鼠喂饲沙棘果汁及硒强化沙棘果汁，观察其对大鼠机体脂质代谢及脂质过氧化作用的影响．结果表明：沙棘果汁及硒强化沙棘果汁可显著降低大鼠血中ＴＣ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ含量，提高ＨＤＬ－Ｃ水平，各实验组大鼠血清及肝脏脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）水平显著低于高脂组，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）活性以硒强化沙棘果汁组增高更为显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）．提示：沙棘果汁及硒强化沙棘果汁能有效地降低高脂大鼠血ＴＣ水平，提高ＨＤＬ－Ｃ水平，并能抑制其体内脂质过氧化作用．     

沙棘果汁及硒强化沙棘果汁对高脂血症大鼠脂质及脂质过氧化作用…

给实验性高脂血症大鼠喂饲沙棘果汁衣硒强化沙棘果汁，观察其对大鼠机体脂质代谢及脂质过氧化作用的影响。结果表明：沙棘果汁及硒强化沙棘果汁可显降低大鼠血中ＴＣ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ含量，提高ＨＤＬ－Ｃ水平，各实验组大鼠血清及肝脏脂质过氧化物水平显低于高脂组，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性以硒强化沙棘果汁组增高更为显。     

香烟烟雾对大鼠晶体的损伤及硒强化沙棘油的保护作用

利用香烟烟雾制成的动物模型，观察了香烟烟雾对大鼠晶体的损伤及硒强化沙棘油的保护作用。实验结果表明，吸烟组大鼠晶体中水溶性蛋白质、非蛋白质巯基和蛋白质巯基的含量以及超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）的活性显著降低，水不溶性蛋白质和丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的含量显著升高，而硒强化沙棘油组的上述指标则无显著性差异。结果提示，香烟烟雾可致大鼠晶体损伤而硒强化沙棘油则具有保护作用。     

沙棘籽油和硒强化沙棘籽油对大鼠红细胞膜Na-K-ATP酶活性的影响

3个月龄Wistar大鼠33只,按体重随机分成3组,分别喂以基础(VE5.23mg％,Se 0.20ppm)、沙棘籽油(VE15.71mg％,Se 0.20ppm)和硒强化沙棘籽油(VE 15.71mg％,Se 2.0ppm)三种不同的半合成饲料。8周后宰杀动物并测定有关指标。结果表明,大鼠红细胞膜上Na-K-ATP~(-1)酶活性,沙棘籽油和硒强化组分别为0.2642±0.04与0.2865±0.04μmol Pi·mg prot~(-1)·h~(-1),均明显高于对照组(0.1484±0.02μmol Pi·mg prot~(-1)·h~(-1))(P<0.05),红细胞膜及肝组织中的LPO含量两实验组显著低于对照组,红细胞内及肝组织中的Se-GSH-P_X活性硒强化组都明显高于其它两组。实验提示:沙棘籽油和硒强化沙棘籽油维持正常大鼠红细胞膜功能的作用,可能是通过抑制其膜上脂质过氧化作用来实现的。     

莜面粉及沙棘果汁强化莜面粉对大鼠血脂及血液粘度的影响

用高脂饲料喂饲健康ＳＤ雄性大鼠６周,诱发高脂血症的同时,分别加入莜面粉及少棘果汁强化莜面粉,观察其对大鼠血脂及血液粘度物影响。结果表明,莜面粉及沙棘果汁强化莜面粉均可明显降低大鼠血清胆固醇（ＴＣ）、甘油三酯（ＴＧ）含量及血脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）,提高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＬ－Ｃ）水平及ＨＤＬ－Ｃ／ＴＣ比值,降低大鼠血液粘度,提示,莜面粉及沙棘果汁强化莜面粉均能有效地降低高脂大鼠血脂水平及全血粘度。     

沙棘油和维生素E对冷暴露大鼠脂质过氧化作用的影响

大鼠低温暴露后血及肝脏组织中ＬＰＯ含量显著升高，ＧＳＨ一Ｐｘ和ＳＯＤ活性明显下降；透射电镜下观察，肝线粒体明显肿胀，嵴断裂，结构不清甚至消失，基质电子密度降低。饲料中加入一定量的ＶＥ或沙棘油均可使上述指标的变化明显改善，接近于室温下正常对照组水平。沙棘油的改善效果优于同等剂量的ＶＥ。表明：沙棘油和ＶＢ可通过其抗脂质过氧化作用，提高机体的耐寒力。     

硒强化沙棘油对吸烟所致脂质过氧化损伤的保护作用

硒强化沙棘油对吸烟所致脂质过氧化损伤的保护作用山西医学院（太原０３０００１）崔香丽，高应，王惠芸，柳湘山西省劳动卫生职业病研究所王改亮无论在香烟的烟雾中还是在烟抽中均含有高浓度的自由基［１］，它们可造成机体的脂质过氧化。沙棘油富含维生素Ｅ和β－胡萝卜...     

沙棘籽油对小鼠SOD,CAT活性的影响

沙棘籽油对小鼠ＳＯＤ、ＣＡＴ活性的影响于燕，曹晖，张瑞娟，张小弟，赵艳红沙棘是胡颓子科沙棘属的落叶灌木或小乔木，果实中含有丰富的维生素Ｃ、维生素Ｅ、类胡萝卜素、黄酮及多种氨基酸，从其种子中提取的籽油（以下简称沙棘油）也含有上述物质。国内程体捐［１］等...     

膳食维生素B_6对硒的生物利用率影响的研究──Ⅲ．对成年大鼠组织中硒和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶水平的影响

１２周龄雄性大鼠饲缺维生素Ｂ６（ＶＢ６）缺硒酪蛋白蔗糖基础膳食，３周后按体重把动物分成６组。分别喂饲三种膳食，即基础膳食、基础膳食中补充硒０．２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ的亚硒酸钠或ＤＬ－硒蛋氨酸，在此基础上每种膳食又分为补充（２．５μｇ／ｇ）或不补充盐酸吡哆醇两组。实验期为１４周。补Ｖ８６各组的红细胞和骨骼肌中硒水平和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活性均显著高于相应缺ＶＢ６各组，ＶＢ６对饲亚硒酸钠大鼠肝硒和ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ水平没有影响；但当补充硒蛋氨酸时，与补ＶＢ６大鼠相比缺ＶＢ６大鼠的肝硒水平较高而ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性则显著降低。这些研究结果进一步证明，ＶＢ６与血浆硒的转运和硒的利用有关，并且可能参与了硒蛋氨酸在肝脏中的代谢过程。     

Cholesterol levels and eicosanoid production in rats fed phosphatidylinositol or soybean lecithin

Male young rats were fed 8% corn oil diets supplemented either with 2% phosphatidylinositol (PI) from safflower seeds or soybean lecithin (SL) for 22 days. Other groups of rats were fed 10% corn oil diets with or without (control) 0.3% inositol (IN, equivalent to the inositol moiety of the PI diet). The plasma cholesterol level was low in the SL group whereas liver triglyceride was low in all supplemented groups. The aortic production of prostacyclin tended to be high in rats fed the control diet and low in rats fed the SL diet, the PI and IN groups being intermediate. The concentration of plasma thromboxane B2 was comparable among various groups. In plasma and liver phosphatidylcholine, the ratio of arachidonate/linoleate was low in rats fed SL and high in rats fed PI or IN diets. The results indicate that, in addition to SL, the inositol moiety of PI may have a significant role in the regulation of lipid metabolism.     

Effect of dietary cholesterol and/or omega 3 fatty acids on lipid composition and delta 5-desaturase activity of rat liver microsomes

Male weanling rats were fed for 28 d a purified diet containing 20% (wt/wt) fat providing high levels of either saturated fat or alpha-linolenic acid or eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids with or without 2% (wt/wt) cholesterol supplementation. Effect of diet on rate of desaturation of eicosatrienoic acid (20:3 omega 6) and lipid composition of liver microsomal membranes was examined. The desaturation of 20:3 omega 6 to arachidonic acid (20:4 omega 6) was higher in rats fed linseed oil and lower in rats fed fish oil than in control animals fed the beef tallow diet. The desaturation of 20:3 omega 6 was lower in rats fed beef tallow or linseed oil diets supplemented with cholesterol than in the respective unsupplemented diet. Inclusion of 2% (wt/wt) cholesterol in the fish oil diet failed to affect synthesis of 20:4 omega 6 from 20:3 omega 6. These in vitro changes in delta 5-desaturase activity are consistent with the diet-induced alterations observed in the fatty acid composition of microsomal membranes. Both free cholesterol and cholesterol ester in the microsomal membrane were higher in rats fed beef tallow or linseed oil diets supplemented with exogenous cholesterol than in the respective unsupplemented diet, and only free cholesterol was higher in rats fed the fish oil diet supplemented with cholesterol. Feeding fish oil appears to prevent both the inhibition of 20:4 omega 6 biosynthesis and the accumulation of cholesterol ester that were apparent when 2% cholesterol was added to either beef tallow or linseed oil diets.     

High dietary iron concentrations enhance the formation of cholesterol oxidation products in the liver of adult rats fed salmon oil with minimal effects on antioxidant status

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high dietary iron concentrations on the antioxidant status of rats fed two different types of fat. Four groups of male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets with adequate (50 mg iron supplemented per kg diet) or high (500 mg iron supplemented per kg diet) iron concentrations with either lard or salmon oil as dietary fat at 100 g/kg for 12 wk. The antioxidant status of the rats was profoundly influenced by the type of fat. Rats fed salmon oil diets had higher concentrations of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) (P < 0.001), various cholesterol oxidation products (COP) (P < 0.001), total and oxidized glutathione (P < 0.05) and a lower concentration of alpha-tocopherol (P < 0.05) in liver and plasma than rats fed lard diets. The iron concentration of the diet did not influence the concentrations of TBARS, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase or the concentration of alpha-tocopherol in plasma or liver. The activity of catalase (P < 0.01) and the concentrations of total, oxidized and reduced glutathione (P < 0.05) in liver were slightly but significantly higher in rats fed high iron diets than in rats fed adequate iron diets, irrespective of the dietary fat. Rats fed the high iron diets with salmon oil, moreover, had higher concentrations of various COP in the liver (P < 0.001) than rats fed adequate iron diets with salmon oil. These results suggest that feeding a high iron diet does not generally affect the antioxidant status of rats but enhances the formation of COP, particularly if the diet is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids.     

膳食维生素B_6对硒的生物利用率影响的研究 Ⅰ．对补硒大鼠组织硒含量的影响

研究膳食维生素Ｂ６（ＶＢ６）对大鼠组织中硒水平的影响。喂饲４周龄断乳雄性大鼠缺ＶＢ６缺硒的酪蛋白蔗糖基础膳食，２周后按体重把动物分成１０组。实验是２×２×２析因设计，２个水平ＶＢ６（每克膳食含０和２．５０μｇ盐酸吡哆醇），２种形式硒（亚硒酸钠和ＤＬ－硒蛋氨酸），２个硒水平（每公斤膳食含０．５和５．０ｍｇ硒），加上２个缺硒组（缺ＶＢ６和补ＶＢ６）。实验期为４周。结果在饲硒蛋氨酸的缺ＶＢ６组，血浆硒水平高于对应的补ＶＢ６组，但是缺ＶＢ６各组的红细胞中硒含量均显著低于补ＶＢ６各组。缺ＶＢ６时，饲亚硒酸钠动物的骨骼肌和心肌中硒水平均显著低于补ＶＢ６的动物；饲硒蛋氨酸大鼠的骨骼肌、心肌、脾、肝和肾脏中硒含量均显著高于补ＶＢ６组。提示ＶＢ６参与了硒在体内的转运以及硒蛋氨酸在肝脏中的代谢过程。     

The effect of vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) supplementation on hepatic levels of vitamin A and E in ethanol and cod liver oil fed rats

Eight groups of 5 rats were fed 8 differing liquid diets with and without ethanol, cod liver oil and/or increased levels of vitamin E. Hepatic levels of vitamins A and E were determined following the 28-day feeding time. Ethanol consumption decreased the levels of hepatic vitamin E (p less than 0.05), vitamin A (p less than 0.05) and the ratio of vitamin A/E (p less than 0.05). Hepatic levels of vitamins A and E were unaffected in rats fed cod liver oil. Supplementation of the normal dietary level of 30 IU of vitamin E per kg diet, with an additional 142 IU alpha tocopherol/kg diet, restored hepatic concentrations of vitamin E to normal levels in alcohol-fed rats. The hepatic levels of vitamin A in rats fed ethanol diets supplemented with vitamin E were less than that of control rats but were 4.3 times greater than that of rats on ethanol diets unsupplemented with vitamin E. However, the vitamin A and E ratio was equal to normal in this group of rats. The vitamin A/E ratio was reduced in liver of rats fed non-alcoholic diets supplemented with vitamin E due to increased levels of hepatic vitamin E. Additionally, rats fed cod liver oil diets containing ethanol also indicated decreased hepatic vitamin A and E levels. However, these levels were greater than that of rats fed only alcoholic diets suggesting that these vitamins are replaced by the vitamin A and E content in the cod liver oil.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

鱼油豆油对饲低硒粮大鼠体内含硒酶活力的影响

目的：研究富含多不饱和脂肪酸的鱼油和豆油对低硒大鼠体内含硒酶活力的影响。方法：饲大鼠低硒粮四周后添加鱼油或豆油（５０ｇ／ｋｇ）继续饲养四周，观察对大鼠肝、肾Ｔ４５－脱单碘酶（ＩＤ－Ｉ）和全血谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活力的影响。结果：低硒粮添加鱼油或豆油后，大鼠肝、肾ＩＤ－Ｉ活力降低，全血中ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活力亦明显降低；补充０．１μｇ／ｇ硒后可预防ＰＵＦＡｓ对二种酶活性的改变。结论：ＰＵ－ＦＡｓ（鱼油或豆油）可使机体缺硒状态加重。     

Cholesterol supplementation attenuates the hypocholesterolemic effect of rice bran oil in rats

Rice bran oil (RBO), when blended with safflower oil (SFO) at the ratio of 7 to 3, has been shown to lower serum cholesterol in humans consuming cholesterol. The mechanism as to how this oil blend exerts its effect is not yet clear. This study examined the effect of cholesterol supplementation on the cholesterol-lowering ability of different RBO/SFO blends. Male Sprague Dawley rats (4 wk old) were fed purified diets containing 10% fat with or without the addition of 0.5% cholesterol for 3 wk. The fat was either SFO or RBO alone, or the mixture of these two oils at the ratio of 7: 3 (7S/3R), 5:5 (5S/5R), or 3:7 (3S/7R). Without cholesterol supplementation, there were no significant differences in the serum and liver total cholesterol levels among different dietary fats. However, the HDL cholesterol level of rats fed the RBO-containing diets (especially in rats fed the 3S/7R diet) was higher than that of rats fed the diet containing SFO alone. This resulted in an increase in the ratio of HDL/total cholesterol-a desirable outcome. Supplementation of the diets with 0.5% cholesterol significantly increased the cholesterol level in both the serum and the liver. Increasing the proportion of RBO in the diet further raised the total cholesterol level in the serum whereas it reduced liver cholesterol. Then, the specific effect of the 3S/7R mixture on the ratio of HDL/total cholesterol disappeared. These findings suggest that cholesterol supplemented at the level of 0.5% in this study masked the cholesterol-lowering effect of RBO. Smaller percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acid (i.e., 18:2n-6) in the RBO-containing diets than in the SFO diet might have reduced their ability to dispose the circulating serum cholesterol into the liver.