恶性疟原虫疫苗研究：VI.多价保护性抗原的免疫原性

利用工程菌ＰＷＲ－１／ＪＭ１０９以融合蛋白的形式表达人工合成的恶性疟重组基因ｐｆＣＭＲ。经培养，ＩＰＴＧ诱导后收集菌体，超声波破菌，透析，电泳纯化等步骤，分离表达蛋白，结果在ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ中显示６５ｋＤ蛋白诱导ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠的体液免疫和细胞免疫反应进行了观察，结果表明，纯化后的蛋白免疫鼠血清能与表达产物粗提物产生特异的免疫反尖，其抗体滴度达高１：５１０２；Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ６５ｋＤ处亦产生     

恶性疟原虫疫苗研究Ⅵ．多价保护性抗原的免疫原性

利用工程菌ＰＷＲ－１／ＪＭ１０９以融合蛋白的形式表达人工合成的恶性疟重组基因ｐｆＣＭＲ。经培养、ＩＰＴＧ诱导后收集菌体、超声波破菌、透析、电泳纯化等步骤，分离表达蛋白。结果在ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ中显示６５ｋＤ蛋白诱导ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠的体液免疫和细胞免疫反应进行了观察。结果表明，纯化后的蛋白免疫鼠血清能与表达产物粗提物产生特异的免疫反应，其抗体滴度高达１∶５１０２；Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ在６５ｋＤ处亦产生特异免疫反应；另在体外用ＰＨＡ和粗提物以及纯化蛋白刺激免疫鼠脾细胞，其Ｔ淋巴细胞转化率分别高达４４．２０±５．２６％、２４．００±４．７４％和３３．５０±３．８４％。提示融合蛋白中含有恶性疟原虫抗原Ｔ－／Ｂ－细胞位点。     

人工合成恶性疟原虫复合基因在大肠杆菌中的表达及产物的初步鉴定

将人工合成与构建的恶性疟原虫保护性抗原复合基因ＨＧＦＣ和ＨＧＦＣＡＣ分别与表达载体ｐＷＲ４５０－１重组并转化大肠杆菌ＪＭ１０９，工程菌经ＩＰＴＧ诱导后表达出含外源基因产物与β－半乳糖苷酶部分氨基酸的融合蛋白，分子量分别为６５ｋＤａ和７７ｋＤａ。免疫印迹分析显示表达产物可与兔抗恶性疟原虫ＲＥＳＡ多肽抗原的抗体发生特异性免疫反应，提示融合蛋白中含有恶性疟原虫抗原位点。     

恶性疟原虫裂殖子表面蛋白1-17区基因的原核表达、纯化及表达产物鉴定

目的　为进一步研究和应用恶性疟原虫裂殖子表面蛋白１ 的１７区基因（ＭＳＰ１－ １７）,本文原核表达了ＦＵＰ株ＭＳＰ１ 的１７ 区基因,并纯化及鉴定了表达蛋白。方法　将ＭＳＰ１－ １７ 基因片段克隆入原核表达载体ｐＧＥＸ－ ４Ｔ－ １,形成ｐＧＥＸ－ ４Ｔ－ １／ＭＳＰ１－ １７。ＩＰＴＧ诱导ｐＧＥＸ－ ４Ｔ－ １／ＭＳＰ１－ １７ 转化的ＢＬ２１菌,纯化并用ＭＳＰ１－ １７ 特异性单克隆抗体鉴定表达产物。结果　成功地构建了ｐＧＥＸ－ ４Ｔ－ １／ＭＳＰ１－ １７,转化菌经诱导表达出与ＧＳＴ融合的蛋白（约４０ＫＤ）,纯化后纯度达７２％ ,ＭＳＰ１－ １７ 特异性单克隆抗体可识别表达蛋白。结论　成功表达并纯化了ＭＳＰ１－ １７ 蛋白,为深入研究和应用ＭＳＰ１－ １７ 打下基础     

人工合成恶性疟原虫复合基因在大肠杆菌中的表达及…

将人工合成与构建的恶性疟原虫保护性抗原复合原因ＨＧＦＣ和ＨＧＦＣＡＣ分别与表达载体ｐＷＲ４５０－１重组并转化大肠杆菌ＪＭ１０９，工程菌经ＩＰＴＧ诱导后表达出含外源基因产物与β－半乳糖苷酶部分氨基酸的融合蛋白，分子量分别为６５ｋＤａ和ｋＤａ。免疫印迹分显示表达产物可与兔抗恶性疟原虫ＲＥＳＡ多肽抗原的抗体发生特异性免疫反应，提示融保蛋白中含有恶性疟原虫抗原位点。     

恶性疟原虫裂殖子表面蛋白1—17区基因的原核表达,纯化及表？…

为进一步研究和应用恶性疟原虫裂殖子表面蛋白１的１７区基因,本文原核表达了ＦＵＰ株ＭＳＰ１的１７区基因,并纯化及鉴定了表达蛋白。方法将ＭＳＰ１－１７基因片段克隆入原核表达载体ｐＧＥＸ－４Ｔ－１,形成ｐＧＥＸ－４Ｔ－１／ＭＳＰ１－１７,ＩＰＴＧ诱导ｐＧＥＸ－４５－１／ＭＳＰ１－１转化的ＢＬ２１菌,纯化并用ＭＳＰ１－１７特异性生有达产物。结果成功地构建了ｐＧＥＸ－４Ｔ－１／ＭＳＰ１－１７,转化菌经诱导表     

弓形虫主要表面抗原基因（P30）大肠杆菌中以融合蛋白形 …

根据已发表的弓形虫主要表面抗原（Ｐ３０）的基因的序列,设计合成了一对引物,通过聚合酶链反应,扩增出Ｐ３０基因,将Ｐ３０基因克隆入表达质粒ｐＧＥＭＥＸ－１中,经酶切鉴定后,阳性重组质粒转化宿主菌ＪＭ１０９（ＤＥ３）,宿主菌经ＩＰＴＧ诱导表达后,产物进行ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ－ｂｌｏｔ分析。结果显示,Ｐ３０基因以融合蛋白的形式表达,实物具有特异的免疫反应性。     

重组人肝再生增强因子的纯化及生物学活性研究

对经大肠杆菌表达的重组人肝再生增强因子进行纯化并观察其对肝损伤小鼠模型的促修复作用。 １．方法：ｐＢＶ－ｈＡＬＲ／ＪＭ１０９工程菌由本室构建,３０℃培养至Ａ６００＝０．６,４２℃诱导表达５ ｈ,收集不同诱导时间菌体鉴定ｒｈＡＬＲ的表达水平。包涵体的洗涤变性,复性后经 ＣＭ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ ＦＦ离子交换柱层析,收集洗脱峰,行ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ,结果经ＵＶＰ ｌａｂｗｏｒｋ扫描处理软件分析测定ｒｈＡＬＲ纯度,Ｎ端氨基酸分析采用手工Ｅｄｍａｎ降解法。 ＣＣ１４急性肝损伤小鼠模型的建立,动物 ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小…     

恶性疟原虫组氨酸富集蛋白Ⅱ抗原基因在大肠杆菌中的表达及表达蛋白的活性鉴定研究

目的恶性疟原虫组氨酸富集蛋白Ⅱ（Ｈｉｓｔｉｄｉｎｅ－ｒｉｃｈｐｒｏｔｅｉｎⅡ,ＨＲＰⅡ）是疟原虫红内期生活史过程中从感染红细胞分泌至血浆中的水溶性抗原,是重要的诊断用抗原。本文通过实现恶性疟原虫ＨＲＰⅡ在大肠杆菌中的表达,为研制用于疟疾诊断的抗ＨＲＰⅡ单克隆抗体奠定基础。方法将含有ＨＲＰⅡ抗原基因的重组表达质粒ＨＲＰⅡ／ｐＥＴ８ｃ用钙法转化大肠杆菌ＢＬ２１（ＤＥ３）,重组子经聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）和ＢａｍＨＩ与ＢｇｌⅡ双酶切鉴定。重组子ＨＲＰⅡ／ｐＥＴ８ｃ／ＢＬ２１（ＤＥ３）在２８℃条件下,用１ｍＭＩＰＴＧ诱导表达,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ免疫印迹分析表达产物。结果成功构建ＨＲＰⅡ／ｐＥＴ８ｃ重组质粒,在低温条件下经ＩＰＴＧ诱导,ＨＲＰⅡ呈可溶性、非融合性表达,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分析表明表达产物的分子量约３３ｋＤａ,薄层扫描显示表达蛋白占菌体总蛋白的２０．７６％。Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ免疫印迹表明,表达产物能被抗ＨＲＰⅡ人工合成九肽单克隆抗体特异识别。结论恶性疟原虫ＨＲＰⅡ在原核表达系统ｐＥＴ８ｃ／ＢＬ２１（ＤＥ３）中获得成功表达,为基因工程大规模制备生产ＨＲＰⅡ抗原奠定基础     

天花粉蛋白抗胃癌作用研究-72hr体外细胞毒作用和负人胃癌裸鼠体内抑瘤试验

目的：研究天花粉蛋白（Ｔｒｉｃｈｏｓａｎｔｈｉｎ，ＴＣＳ）体外对胃癌细胞毒作用和其在负人胃癌裸鼠体内抑瘤试验：方法：以不同剂量ＴＣＳ加入到不同分化程度的胃癌细胞中，在９６孔微孔板培养７２小时后以ＭＴＴ比色法测定其杀伤率。用ＳＧＣ－７９０１瘤移植于裸鼠肾包膜下，分别用ＴＣＳ，生理盐水（ＮＳ）和丝裂霉素（ＭＭＣ）治疗后观察移植瘤生长情况。结果：ＭＫＮ－２８，ＭＫＮ－４５，ＳＧＣ－７９０１于ＴＣＳ终浓度为１．０ｍｇ／ｍｌ时杀伤率均达７３％以上，低剂量ＴＣＳ与ＭＭＣ联用呈加成杀伤癌细胞作用。１．０ｍｇ／ｋｇＴＣＳ剂量在负ＳＧＣ－７９０１瘤鼠体内抑瘤率为５９．９％（Ｐ＜０．００１），且与等剂量ＭＭＣ抑瘤率相当；ＴＣＳ最低有效抑瘤剂量为０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ。结论：ＴＣＳ在体内外对胃癌细胞抗癌作用于本实验得到证实，为胃癌的治疗预期可带来突破性进展     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Response of rat pineal melatonin to calcium, magnesium, and lithium is circadian stage dependent

Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease

PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the colorectal clinic between 1989 and 1992. Forty-seven (29 percent) patients were thought to have an infectious process and were prospectively studied using a standardized multiculture protocol. RESULTS: Mean age was 33 (range, 19–59) years. All were male; high-risk behavior accounted for 87 percent of HIV transmissions. Presenting complaints included anorectal pain (79 percent), pus per anum (28 percent), and blood per anum (26 percent). Examination revealed perianal tenderness (60 percent), condyloma (38 percent), perianal ulcers (38 percent), and anal fissures (34 percent). Sixty-six sets of cultures were performed; 28 patients had one set, 15 had two sets, and 4 had three sets. Thirty-two of these 47 patients (68 percent) had positive cultures including herpes (50 percent), cytomegalovirus (25 percent),Neisseria gonorrhoeae (16 percent), chlamydia (16 percent), acidfast bacilli (2 percent), and others (9 percent). Six of 32 patients with positive cultures had more than one organism cultured. Sixteen (50 percent) patients with positive cultures were treated medically, 8 (25 percent) were treated surgically and 8 (25 percent) were treated with both modalities. Sixty-one procedures were performed on 17 patients for condylomata. Eighteen patients had 20 procedures for abscesses, 50 percent of whom had positive cultures for other than common bowel flora; all improved. Fourteen patients underwent 33 procedures for perianal fistulas.Mycobacterium fortuitum was cultured from one patient who required 13 procedures for abscesses and fistulas. Forty-five (96 percent) patients were followed for an average of 12.5 months ±2.9 SEM (range, 1–94 months). Symptoms were improved or resolved in 22 of 32 (69 percent) patients with positive cultures and in 11 of 13 (84 percent) with negative cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.