猪胎脑活素注射液的研制

目的 :在Paparizov等制备方法的基础上进行改良 ,提取猪胎脑活素。 方法 :采用新鲜猪胎脑 ,经酸碱水解、反复酶解、超滤等方法精制而成。结果 :猪胎脑活素注射液含有多种氨基酸、多肽、乙酰胆碱及神经生长因子 ,经测定游离氨基酸含量为 30 .9mg/ml,小肽含量为 30mg/ml,总氮量为 4.72～ 5 .74mg/ml。结论 :此方法工艺简单 ,来源丰富 ,提取率高     

脑活素与能量合剂治疗突发性耳聋的疗效比较

目的　观察脑活素对突发性耳聋的治疗效果。方法　突发性耳聋132例分成脑活素组62例、能量合剂组70例。脑活素组用脑活素10ml，能量合剂组用三磷酸腺苦40mg、辅酶A100U及细胞色素C30mg，均加入5％葡萄糖或盐水250ml中静脉滴注，均以10d为1个疗程。结果　脑活素组、能量合剂组有效率分别为95％、29％，脑活素组优一能量合剂组(P＜0．01)。结论　脑活素治疗突发性耳聋效果好。     

鲎试剂用于脑活素注射液的细菌内毒素检测

脑活素(cerebrolysin)是经生物过程获取的氨基酸混合物水溶液,含有各种必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸等,主要用于脑发育不全,脑功能障碍等.本文报道采用稀释法对脑活素注射液应用鲎试剂检测所作的一系列试验及其结果.1材料与方法1.1材料1.1.1细菌内毒素工作标准品(批号941101,10EU/ml,厦门鲎试剂厂).1.1.2普通鲎试剂(批号950801,标示灵敏度:0.5EU/ml,0.5ml/支,厦门鲎试剂厂).1.1.3弃—G因子鲎试剂(批号950715,标示灵敏度:0.5EU/ml,0.5ml/支,厦门鲎试剂厂).     

脑活素注射液细菌内毒素检查法初探

脑活素注射液是一种制剂,本文通过实验考察脑活素注射液对细菌内毒素检查的干扰情况,证明其对细菌内毒素检查无干扰作用,可用于生产过程质控及代替成品热原检查。1　实验材料脑活素注射液:奥地利依比威药厂,规格:10ml/支,含肽2152mg,批号:702954,703967,704171。鲎试剂(TAL):湛江中美生物有限公司,规格:0.25EU/支,0.5ml/支,批号:970124。细菌内毒素工作标准品(CES):中国药品生物制品检定所,规格:60EU/支,批号9703。细菌内毒素检查用水(BETW,以下简称水):湛江中美生物有限公司,规格:5ml/支,批号:970318。细菌内毒素检查用具一套,按规定…     

脑活素简易检测法及国产脑活素研制品的质量考察

用纸色谱法对脑活素进行了分离鉴别，显色后得到16个氨基酸斑点；用甲醛滴定法对其主要成分氨基酸进行了含量测定，同时用进口脑活素注射液及参考对照液进行比较。结果表明，国产脑活素研制品与进口脑活素注射液所含游离氨基酸的个数及含量基本一致。     

脑活素致过敏性药疹1例

患者男性,74岁,干部。因左侧肢体活动受限,反应迟钝,诊断为“腔隙性脑梗塞”于1995年5月12日收入院。于当日10时给0.85%氯化钠250ml 加脑活素20ml 静点,每日一次,于当日下午液体刚输完,患者双手前臂出现红色皮疹,继而双上下肢及躯干均出现散在分布米粒大至黄豆粒大小皮疹,停用脑活素,肌注非那根25mg,皮肤科会诊为“过敏性皮炎(药疹?)”停药一周皮疹消退后,再次静点0.85%氯化钠250ml 加脑活素20m1,每日一次,于当日晚又出现周身皮疹,停药后又消退,故药疹为脑活素所致。     

脑活素致剧烈头痛1例

患者，男，43a，脑梗塞治疗好转后6mo，为进一步治疗康复，来我院就诊，经脑部CT诊断为：左基底节区及左项叶脑梗塞后脑软化。给予10％葡萄糖注射液500ml＋脑活素（cerebrolysin，奥地利EBBWE药厂生产）20ml，qd，dl液体滴完后，患者感到头痛，当时，认为是山脑梗塞引起而本注意，d2将脑活素的量增加到30ml，满完液体后，患者剧烈头痛，遂停用脑活素，改用脉通500ml＋复方丹参注射液16ml静滴、qd，头痛症状逐渐减轻，3d后恢复正常。肺活素是一种从猪大脑中提取的多种氨基酸混合物的水溶液，能超过血脑屏障，直接进入脑神经细胞中。本例出…     

鲎试剂法用于脑活素针剂细菌内毒素的检测

本文采用增强或抑制试验,对进口的脑活素针剂进行了细菌内毒素检测考察。据三批实验结果表明,脑活素针剂80倍稀释液对灵敏度为0.125Eu/ml的鲎试剂无增强或抑制作用,故本品适用于鲎试剂作内毒素检查。     

脑活素致过敏反应1例

患者,男,69岁,患脑出血3年因近2个月出现失语,痴呆,于1996年8月入院。检查:体温36.8℃,脉搏80次/min,呼吸20次/min,体重60kg,右侧肌力差。病人家属要求给予脑活素治疗,脑活素20ml 5％葡萄糖250ml静脉输入,每日1次,15天为一个疗程。病人在静脉注射     

脑活素治疗神经系疾病45例

(一)对脑活素的认识脑活素(Cerebrolysin)是无蛋白质的标准化器官特异性氨基酸混合物的水溶液,含有各种必需的游离氨基酸及低分子肽,因此它能较好地改善脑的代谢,并能越过血脑屏障,直接进入脑的神经细胞中,作     

Stability of aminophylline injection in three parenteral nutrient solutions

The stability of aminophylline injection in crystalline amino acid-dextrose solutions containing standard additions of electrolytes, vitamins, and minerals was evaluated. Aminophylline injection was added to three parenteral nutrition (PN) solutions in dosages of 0.25-1.50 mg/ml. All of the samples were prepared in duplicate, stored in sealed volumetric flasks, and allowed to stand under normal lighting at room temperature or under refrigeration for 48 hours. Samples were analyzed for theophylline content by reverse phase high-pressure liquid chromatography at 1, 24, and 48 hours. Mean percent theophylline recovery 24 hours after admixture was 101 +/- 10.9%, 101 +/- 4.3%, and 100 +/- 4.3% in the three PN solutions. Solution pH values were stable for 48 hours. Refrigeration and lower amino acid concentrations did not alter stability. Aminophylline is stable in PN solutions for 24 hours in concentrations up to 1.5 mg/ml.     

The effect of chronic oral nicotine administration on fetal weight and placental amino acid accumulation in mice

Nicotine was administered to female mice by addition to the drinking water at concentrations up to 100 μg/ml. The animals were given the solutions for at least 2 weeks before breeding and throughout gestation. The fetuses and placentas from all animals were examined on the 17th day of gestation. Fetuses of the nicotine-treated mice weighed up to 12% less than controls. There was no reduction in the litter size in the treated animals. Placental mince was incubated in vitro to measure the ability of the tissue to accumulate the neutral amino acid, α-aminoisobutyric acid. Placentas from animals receiving nicotine, 100 μg/ml in the drinking water, or by ip injection, 1.3 mg/kg, had a decreased intracellular amino acid concentration measured at 60 min. Determinations of placental fluid parameters indicated that this decrease was not due to an effect on intracellular space. Animals receiving 100 μg/ml nicotine in the drinking water had a decrease in mean placental weight compared to control. Nicotine treatment had no effect on the placental concentrations of acetylcholine or the activities of acetylcholinesterase or acetyltransferase. The results of this investigation demonstrate that nicotine is able to decrease fetal weight and depress placental amino acid transport in mice as it does in humans.     

血塞通注射液体外溶血反应研究

目的:研究血塞通注射液对人血红细胞溶血度的影响,为其临床安全应用提供依据。方法:将血塞通注射液(含三七总皂甙100mg)稀释为25mg/ml,16.7mg/ml,及10mg/ml试液,用分光光度法和常规肉眼观察法测定试液所致人血红细胞溶血度。结果:浓度为25mg/ml及16.7mg/ml的试液引起溶血反应,但10mg/ml试液未致溶血反应。结论:血塞通注射液的溶血反应与其浓度有关。因此,血塞通注射应在使用前稀释至适宜的浓度,浓度<10mg/ml的溶液较为安全。     

Antagonism of N-methyl-D,L-aspartic acid-induced convulsions by antiepileptic drugs and other agents

The effects of common antiepileptics, GABAmimetic drugs, excitatory amino acid antagonists as well as of clonidine, corynanthine, chlorpromazine and atropine were studied against clonic convulsions induced in mice by N-methyl-D,L-aspartic acid (NMDLA) after subcutaneous (340 mg/kg; ED97) and intravenous (105 mg/kg; ED97) administration. Among the antiepileptics studied, valproate (ED50: 340 mg/kg after subcutaneous injection of NMDLA) and diazepam (ED50: 0.78 mg/kg after intravenous and 14 mg/kg after subcutaneous injection of NMDLA) antagonized NMDLA-induced convulsions, whereas phenobarbital (up to 80 mg/kg), diphenylhydantoin (up to 50 mg/kg) and ethosuximide (500 mg/kg) were totally ineffective. Moreover, 2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid and 2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid (but not glutamic acid diethyl ester), aminooxyacetic acid, cetyl GABA and clonidine protected strongly against the convulsant whereas progabide was only weakly active. THIP showed a higher activity against intravenous than against subcutaneous NMDLA. Baclofen and atropine even increased mortality and the remaining agents exerted no significant protective action. The data suggest that NMDLA-induced convulsions can be blocked effectively by direct antagonism of NMDLA-produced excitation, enhancement of GABA-mediated inhibition, and activation of central alpha 2-adrenoceptors. The possible efficacy of valproate in cases of epilepsy with a distinct rise in plasma excitatory amino acid levels should be carefully considered.     

Anti-tumor effect of gallic acid on LL-2 lung cancer cells transplanted in mice.

We previously reported that gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid), a naturally occurring plant phenol, can induce apoptosis in four kinds of human lung cancer cell lines in vitro. The present study further investigated the in vivo anti-tumor effects of orally administered gallic acid. Gallic acid reduced cell viability of LL-2 mouse lung cancer cells in vitro dose dependently, with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of around 200 microM. C57Black mice were transplanted with LL-2 cells, and administered gallic acid (1 mg/ml in drinking water, ad libitum) and/or cisplatin (4 mg/kg i.p. injection, once a week). The average weight of the transplanted tumors, obtained at 29 days after transplantation, in the mice of control, gallic acid-treated cisplatin-treated and cisplatin plus gallic acid-treated groups was 4.02, 3.65, 3.19 and 1.72 g, respectively. The average tumor weight of the mice treated with cisplatin combined with gallic acid was significantly smaller than that of the control group (p<0.05). The amount of apoptotic cells in the tumor tissues of mice treated with gallic acid and/or cisplatin was significantly higher than those of the control mice. Combination of gallic acid and cisplatin increased the tumor cell apoptosis compared with the treatment with cisplatin alone. The present findings suggest that the combination of gallic acid with an anti-cancer drug, including cisplatin, may be an effective protocol for lung cancer therapy.     

三七与三七药渣中游离氨基酸的含量比较及氨基酸提取工艺的研究

目的：比较三七药材与复方血栓通胶囊三七药渣中十八种氨基酸的含量,探讨三七药渣入药的合理性,并对三七氨基酸提取工艺进行考察。方法：采用高效液相色谱法进行含量测定,色谱柱为岛津Shim-pack XR-ODS色谱柱（3.0mm×75mm,2.2μm）;流动相以乙腈-0.05mol/L醋酸钠溶液梯度洗脱,0～8min,乙腈为5%;8～42min,乙腈为5%→28%;42～45min,乙腈为28%→40%;45～70min,乙腈为40%→60%;70～80min,乙腈为60%→5%;80～90min,乙腈为5%;柱温：室温;检测波长：254nm;流速：1mL×min-1;进样量：5μL。记录时间：70min。提取工艺优选采用单因素试验法考察提取次数、提取时间和溶媒倍量3个影响因素。结果：三七药渣中十八种氨基酸含量为0.092%～0.149%;最佳提取工艺为12倍量的0.1mol·L-1盐酸超声提取3次,每次1h。结论：三七药渣中仍含有大量氨基酸,建议三七原药材直接入药。     

静脉滴注丙氨酰谷氨酰胺致血清尿素升高

1例93岁女性患者因反复呕吐、进食困难入院,肾功能检查示血清肌酐90μmol／L,尿素10mmol／L。给予复方氨基酸注射液500ml和丙氨酰谷氨酰胺注射液100ml静脉滴注,1次／d。入院第5天患者血清肌酐122μmol／L,尿素51mmol／L,未予特殊处理。第12天血清肌酐120μmol／L,尿素62mmol／L,K＋6．0mmol／L,Na＋157mmol／L,C1-134mmol／L。患者出现神志模糊。停用复方氨基酸和丙氨酰谷氨酰胺注射液,同时控制钾、钠和补液量。4d后因患者病情再次给予肠外营养液,但仪静脉滴注复方氨基酸注射液500ml／d,共1周。复查血清肌酐126μmol／L,尿素29．7mmol／L。此后患者尿素水平未再升高。     

替硝唑防治女性生殖道厌氧菌感染的作用评价

目的：探讨替硝唑（ＴＮＺ）注射液防治妇产科疾患及手术患者厌氧菌感染的作用。并与甲硝唑（ＭＮＺ）注射液进行比较。方法：静脉滴注每２００ｍｌ含ＴＮＺ８００ｍｇ或每２００ｍｌ含ＭＮＺ１０００ｍｇ,疗程妇科５ｄ,产科３ｄ。用药前后分别做厌氧菌分离培养,并比较两种注射液对３株标准株和１０７株临床分离厌氧菌的抗菌活性。结果：ＴＮＺ组和ＭＮＺ组厌氧菌转阴或明显减少者分别为９１．０％和４４．０％,有效率９４．０％     

酚妥拉明治疗大咯血32例疗效观察

目的：观察酚妥拉明静脉给药治疗大咯血的临床效果。方法：将61例大咯血患者随机分为两组。治疗组32例，首剂应用酚妥拉明5mg加50％葡萄糖液20ml静脉注射。随后以15mg加入5％葡萄糖液250ml中维持静脉滴注治疗。并根据血压调整滴速，使血压维持在95-105/55～65mmHg；对照组29例，应用垂体后叶素首剂5U加50％葡萄糖液20ml静脉滴注，随后用10U加入5％葡萄糖液250ml中静脉滴注维持。用药期间密切监测两组患者的生命体征、咯血变化情况、止血时间及药物的不良反应。结果：治疗组显效率71．88％，总有效率93．8％；对照组显效率51．7％．总有效率82．8％。两组显效率及总有效率比较差异有显著性。P 〈0.05。结论：酚妥拉明静脉给药治疗大咯血临床疗效显著，不良反应少。