腰椎滑脱症患者的骨密度变化分析

目的：探讨不同时期脊柱滑脱症患的骨密度变化规律。方法：对105例腰椎滑脱症患的腰椎骨密度进行测量，依据不同的滑脱分型，进行结果对比分析。结果：腰椎滑脱症患平均骨密度较同年龄组正常值偏低。随病程的延长和年龄的增长，腰椎滑税症患骨密度均降（P＜0．01）；骨质疏松组假性滑脱发生率明显高于非骨质疏松组（P＜0．01）；骨质疏松组发病部位以L5滑脱多见，非骨质疏松组发病部位以L4、L5滑脱为主（P＜0．05）。结论：骨质疏松症与腰椎滑脱有一定因果关系，两互相影响，脊柱滑脱患要防止骨质疏松症的发生，预防骨质疏松症将有助于防止假性脊柱滑脱的发生。     

腰椎滑脱症患者的骨密度变化分析

目的探讨不同时期脊柱滑脱症患者的骨密度变化规律。方法对105例腰椎滑脱症患者的腰椎骨密度进行测量,依据不同的滑脱分型,进行结果对比分析。结果腰椎滑脱症患者平均骨密度较同年龄组正常值偏低。随病程的延长和年龄的增长,腰椎滑脱症患者骨密度均降低(P<0.01);骨质疏松组假性滑脱发生率明显高于非骨质疏松组(P<0.01);骨质疏松组发病部位以L5滑脱多见,非骨质疏松组发病部位以L4、L5滑脱为主(P<0.05)。结论骨质疏松症与腰椎滑脱有一定因果关系,两者互相影响,脊柱滑脱患者要防止骨质疏松症的发生,预防骨质疏松症将有助于防止假性脊柱滑脱的发生。     

腰椎滑脱症患者的骨密变化分析

目的探讨不同时期脊柱滑脱症患者的骨密度变化规律.方法对 105例腰椎滑脱症患者的腰椎骨密度进行测量,依据不同的滑脱分型,进行结果对比分析.结果腰椎滑脱症患者平均骨密度较同年龄组正常值偏低.随病程的延长和年龄的增长,腰椎滑脱症患者骨密度均降低(P<0.01);骨质疏松组假性滑脱发生率明显高于非骨质疏松组(P<0.01);骨质疏松组发病部位以 L5滑脱多见,非骨质疏松组发病部位以 L4、L5滑脱为主(P<0.05).结论骨质疏松症与腰椎滑脱有一定因果关系,两者互相影响,脊柱滑脱患者要防止骨质疏松症的发生,防骨质疏松症将有助于防止假性脊柱滑脱的发生.     

腰椎假性滑脱的影像分析（附60例报告）

目的探讨腰椎假性滑脱的病因及诊断价值。方法分析60例腰椎假性滑脱患者的滑脱部位及腰椎退变的X线及CT表现。结果本组60例中均有不同程度腰椎退变征象，单椎体滑脱59例，多椎体滑脱1例，单椎体滑脱中以L4向前滑脱者居多。结论腰椎退变是导致腰椎假性滑脱的重要病因。     

腰椎假性滑脱的影像特征（附126例分析）

目的：探讨腰椎假性滑脱的影像及病理、生理特点。材料与方法：选择１２６例腰椎３假性滑脱病人进行Ｘ线平片及其中５０例进行ＣＴ检查。结果：腰椎假性滑脱都不超过Ｍｅｐｅｒｄｉｎ氏４度法的１度。结论：腰椎假性滑脱是退行性关节炎及退行性椎管狭窄的特殊类型。     

CT在真性腰椎滑脱和假性腰椎滑脱鉴别中的价值

背景：真性、假性腰椎滑脱时的影像学表现有许多不同之处,CT能显示小关节的形态学变化,具有普通X射线平片没有的优势。目的：通过观察和测量腰椎滑脱患者的影像学资料的特点,推测小关节改变与滑脱之间的关系,评价CT在诊断真性滑脱和假性滑脱中的应用价值。设计、时间及地点：对比观察实验,于2004-07/10在河北医科大学第三医院脊柱外科临床实验室完成。参试者：河北医科大学第三医院2003-01/2004-06收治156例住院的腰椎滑脱患者,其中真性滑脱48例,假性滑脱108例。方法：全部病例均采用美国GE公司生产的Prospeed AⅡ型CT机进行常规轴面扫描,计算机X射线成像或数字放射成像拍腰椎正侧位及双斜位片。主要观察指标：两种腰椎滑脱椎小关节面的角度,椎小关节在影像学上的病理改变。结果：假性滑脱腰椎小关节面角呈较明显的矢状方向改变。椎小关节的病理变化包括：关节间隙狭窄不平、骨赘形成、软骨下骨骨质疏松、关节真空、关节囊钙化等,这些病理变化在假性滑脱的发生率均明显高于真性滑脱。结论：CT不但能显示椎体滑脱椎弓峡部的缺损情况,而且可显示椎管内的改变及小关节的改变情况,是确诊真、假性滑脱的重要手段。     

CT对腰椎滑脱诊断的价值（附24例报告）

腰椎滑脱是腰腿痛的常见病因之一，分为真性滑脱和假性滑舰两种，真性滑脱系腰椎峡部不连引起，假性滑脱因小关节退变引起。通常以真性滑脱多见。腰椎滑脱平片检查即可诊断（图1），而CT检查能显示椎间盘及其对硬膜囊、神经根的影响（图2），对指导临床治疗有着重要意义。本文就24例腰椎滑脱病例的CT资料作回顾性分析。     

外科手术治疗腰椎滑脱症21例分析

我院自2003-10／2007-10采用不同手术方法治疗腰椎滑脱症，取得了满意疗效，分析如下。 1 临床资料 1．1一般资料本组男9例，女12例，年龄43～71（平均59）岁。滑脱部位：L5椎体滑脱13例，L4椎体滑脱8例。所有病例均摄腰椎正侧伸曲位及左右斜位X线片，按Newman分型均为退变性腰椎滑脱；按Meyerding分度标准为Ⅰ度滑脱6例，Ⅱ度滑脱15例。所有患者均伴有不同程度的腰椎不稳和神经症状。     

腰椎假性滑脱57例CT影像分析

对2004—10／2007-09收治的腰椎假性滑脱57例CT影像分析如下。 1临床资料 1．1一般资料本组男26例，女31，年龄17～83（平均50．68）岁。临床症状主要是腰部疼痛或有伴下肢放射痛。     

腰椎滑脱患者关节突关节形态的评价

目的 文章探讨关节突关节形态对腰椎滑脱的影响。方法 L4－5节段退变性滑脱25例（均年龄55岁），后滑脱12例（均年龄53岁）和峡部裂滑脱11例（均年龄44岁）与32例（均年龄47岁）正常人进行对照检查，CT轴向扫描关节突关节，测量L3－4，L－4，5L5－S1关节突关节角度，关节宽度，的深度和关节面形态。结果 由上向下关节角度逐步从矢状向冠状转化。在L4－5节段退变性滑脱患者关节角度方向与对照组相比明显偏向矢状（P＜0．01），退变性滑脱组和后滑脱组的关节宽度均大于对照组（P＜0．01），退变性滑脱组的关节面深度比有显著差异，峡部裂滑脱组的唯一差异是关节宽度显著减少（P＜0．01）。结论 结果提示关节突变状排列可能是生长过程中形成的，某些患者发生腰椎退变性时可能会出现滑脱。     

Leukemia in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1965--1974.

Extending a study of the period 1935-1964, we determined the incidence rates of leukemia in Olmsted County during the decade 1965-1974. In this decade, the overall crude annual incidence rate was 9.5 per 100,000. The ratio of males to females was 2.4 to 1; and the incidence rate was significantly higher among males than among females, especially in the older age groups. Adjusted for age and sex, the mean annual incidence rate among males (17.3) was significantly higher than rates reported previously from other areas (ranging from 10.7 to 13); and it had increased significantly during the 40 years 1935-1974 in Olmsted County. The increase was most prominent in males aged 50 and over, and was detectable only in the subgroup with acute myelocytic leukemia. The observed number of farmers (8) was significantly higher than expected (2.8).     

The correlation between hypertension in past history and the incidence of cerebral aneurysms.

The incidence of hypertension in past history was investigated in 811 cases of cerebral aneurysm. These cases were compiled from 1,000 cases of saccular aneurysm in which direct surgical operations for aneurysm were performed at our clinic during the period from June 1961 to September 1975. Of the 811 cases, 365 (45%) had hypertension in their past history; 185 (42.7%) out of 433 males and 180 (47.6%) out of 378 females. In the 5th decade of age, the incidence was significantly higher in the females than in the males, but no difference by sex was noted in other age groups. In the males from the 3rd to the 7th decade, the number of hypertensives increased significantly with advancing age, whereas in the females a significant difference was observed only between the 4th and 7th decades, the latter including more hypertensives. The incidence of hypertensives in the aneurysm cases was compared with that in the Japanese population reported by Sasaki. This comparison revealed that in both sexes between the 4th and 6th decades, the incidence was significantly higher in the former, whereas no significant difference was noted between the two in the 7th decade. As to the location of aneurysms, only the multiple aneurysms group had a significantly greater number of hypertensives than single aneurysm group. These results agree with previous reports that cerebral aneurysm may occur more frequently in the hypertensives than in the normotensives.     

2004 - 2009年青海省海南州梅毒报告发病监测分析

目的 分析2004 - 2009年青海省海南州梅毒报告发病监测结果。 方法 对监测数据用流行病学描述性研究方法进行统计分析。 结果 在2004 - 2009年累计报告各类梅毒1542例,其中Ⅰ期占57.98%,Ⅱ期占7.98%,Ⅲ期占0.39 %,胎传占4.6%,隐性占29.05%。梅毒年均报告发病率为60.10/10万,6年中年均上升率为 40.15%,其中隐性梅毒年均增长率达146.76%。海南州梅毒发病女性多于男性,病例性别比1 ∶ 1.67,其发病比例主要分布在 20~29 岁、 30~39 岁、 40~49岁 3个年龄段,占报告发病总数的76.07%,男女性发病均以20~29岁最高,分别为37.5%和50.3%,早期(Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期)和隐性梅毒的病例年龄分布,女性高峰年龄段均比男性小5岁以上,其中隐性梅毒两性相差10岁左右,梅毒分布职业构成,以牧民最多,占59.9%,农民位居第2位,占17.25%,家政、家务及待业者位居第3位,占3.76%,尤其Ⅱ期梅毒中牧民占72.36%,对梅毒传播扩散构成潜在威胁。 结论 梅毒已成为海南州严重的公共卫生问题,预示着艾滋病传入后将迅速蔓延的高度危险性,提示亟须采取综合性防控措施,共同遏制急剧上升趋势。     

Older people's use of ambulance services: a population based analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the use of emergency and non-urgent ambulance transport services by people aged 65 years and over. SETTING: The study was undertaken in Queensland where the Queensland Ambulance Services (QAS) is the sole provider of emergency pre-hospital and non-urgent ambulance services for the entire state. METHODS: The age and sex of 351,000 emergency and non-urgent cases treated and transported by the QAS from July 1995 to June 1996 were analysed. RESULTS: People aged 65 years and over who comprise 12% of the population utilise approximately one third of the emergency and two thirds of the non-urgent ambulance resources provided in Queensland. While the absolute number of occasions of service for females for emergency services is higher than for males, when the data are stratified for age and sex, males have higher rates of emergency ambulance service utilisation than females across every age group, and particularly in older age groups. Gender differences are also found for non-urgent ambulance usage. The absolute number of occasions of service for older females aged 65 and over using non-urgent ambulance transport is high, but utilisation patterns on stratified data reveal similar gender usage patterns across most age groupings, except at the older age groupings where male usage greatly exceeds female usage. CONCLUSIONS: As the aged are disproportionately high users of ambulance services, it will become increasingly important for ambulance services to plan for the projected increase in the aged population. Emergency pre-hospital care is one of the few health services along the continuum of care where male usage patterns are higher than those of females. More information needs to be obtained on the age and presenting characteristics of those people who are multiple users of the ambulance service. Such information will assist service planners.     

Older people's use of ambulance services: a population based analysis

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the use of emergency and non-urgent ambulance transport services by people aged 65 years and over. SETTING: The study was undertaken in Queensland where the Queensland Ambulance Services (QAS) is the sole provider of emergency pre-hospital and non-urgent ambulance services for the entire state. METHODS: The age and sex of 351,000 emergency and non-urgent cases treated and transported by the QAS from July 1995 to June 1996 were analysed. RESULTS: People aged 65 years and over who comprise 12% of the population utilise approximately one third of the emergency and two thirds of the non-urgent ambulance resources provided in Queensland. While the absolute number of occasions of service for females for emergency services is higher than for males, when the data are stratified for age and sex, males have higher rates of emergency ambulance service utilisation than females across every age group, and particularly in older age groups. Gender differences are also found for non-urgent ambulance usage. The absolute number of occasions of service for older females aged 65 and over using non-urgent ambulance transport is high, but utilisation patterns on stratified data reveal similar gender usage patterns across most age groupings, except at the older age groupings where male usage greatly exceeds female usage. CONCLUSIONS: As the aged are disproportionately high users of ambulance services, it will become increasingly important for ambulance services to plan for the projected increase in the aged population. Emergency pre-hospital care is one of the few health services along the continuum of care where male usage patterns are higher than those of females. More information needs to be obtained on the age and presenting characteristics of those people who are multiple users of the ambulance service. Such information will assist service planners.     

三甲医院医务人员甲状腺超声特征分析

目的 了解医护人员健康体检时甲状腺结节和甲状腺弥漫性病变的检出率情况.方法 分析2020年9至11月在西部战区总医院体检中心进行健康体检的2634名医务人员的甲状腺超声检查结果,剔除既往有甲状腺手术史者23名,共2611名纳入研究,其中男性1109例,女性1502例,年龄为15～99岁,平均(39.6±17.0)岁.根...     

1990-2008年浙江省宁波市乙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析

目的分析1990-2008年浙江省宁波市乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)流行规律。方法用描述性流行病学方法对1990-2008年宁波市乙肝疫情资料进行分析。结果宁波市1990-2008年报告乙肝42469例,年平均发病率为39.05/10万,发病率最高为53.99/10万,最低为24.46/10万。乙肝患者20～44岁占乙肝发病总数的67.38%,0～7岁儿童乙肝的发病构成比从1990-1991年的6.40%下降到2002-2008年的0.96%。男女性别比为2.73:1。职业分类中,以农民和工人为主,分别占发病总数的46.64%和18.56%。结论宁波市1990-2008年报告乙肝总体发病呈下降趋势;农村发病高于城市;乙肝多为散发,无明显的季节高峰;乙肝病例以青壮年为主;男性发病人数多于女性;0～7岁儿童乙肝的发病构成比下降明显。     

2006-2009年浙江省宁波市监测区恶性肿瘤发病趋势分析

目的了解和分析宁波市居民恶性肿瘤发病流行特点和趋势,为开展恶性肿瘤综合防治提供依据。方法收集整理宁波市监测区2006-2009年恶性肿瘤发病资料,统计分析其粗发病率和标化发病率、分性别年龄分布、主要恶性肿瘤顺位、不同年份发病趋势等。结果 2006-2009年宁波市监测区恶性肿瘤粗发病率、标化发病率分别为266.36/10万、212.29/10万。男女性年龄别发病率均随年龄增长而上升,男性发病率高于女性,性别比为1.57∶1。2006-2009年恶性肿瘤粗发病率呈明显的上升趋势。结论宁波市居民恶性肿瘤发病率处于省内和全国的中上等水平,应进一步加强恶性肿瘤病因研究和一、二级预防。     

宁波某地区脂肪肝患病情况及相关因素分析

目的探讨宁波某地区脂肪肝患病情况及相关因素。方法宁波某地区城镇居民,包括机关干部、职员、教师、学生（10岁以上）、离退休人员、部分农民共27073人,调查其年龄、身高、体重、血清学指标、饮食、行为习惯等,经B超检查后,对其结果进行统计分析。结果脂肪肝患病率为14.33%,男性脂肪肝患病率为16.98%,女性脂肪肝患病率为12.12%,其中以51-60岁组男性患病率最高,为29.25%,女性随年龄增长患病率增高,以61-70岁患病率最高,71岁以上男女患病率均下降,脂肪肝的患病与体重指数、高脂血症、高血压、糖尿病、胆结石、饮酒等因素具有密切相关性。结论宁波某地区脂肪肝患病率较高,男性高于女性,男性以51-60岁组患病率最高,肥胖、高脂血症、高血压、糖尿病、胆结石、饮酒是脂肪肝患病的危险因素。