榄香烯乳加联合化疗治疗难汉性急性非淋巴细胞白血病

目的：评价榄香烯乳加联合化疗治疗难治性急性非淋巴细胞白血病。方法：将３０例患者随机分为治疗组：用榄香烯乳３００ｍｇ入５％Ｇ．Ｓ５００ｍｌ中静脉滴注,持续用药１４天,同时用联合化疗：Ａｒａ－Ｃ０．５ｇ／ｍ^2．ｄ,第１～７天;ＶＰ－１６１００ｍｇ／ｍ^2．ｄ,第１～３天;对照组单用联合化疗,方案用量用法同治疗组。结果：治疗组总有效率７７．８％,对照组总有效率５０％,差异有显著性（Ｐ〈０．０５）。结论：榄     

榄香烯乳加联合化疗治疗急性非淋巴细胞白血病疗效观察

报道榄香烯乳加联合化疗治疗急性非淋巴细胞白血病的疗效。方法：将４３例急性非淋巴细胞白血病患者随机分为治疗组,用榄香烯乳２００～４００ｍｇ加生理盐水或５％葡萄糖５００ｍｌ,静脉滴注,持续１２～１５天,同时用ＨＡ方案：三尖杉酯碱４～６ｍｇ／ｄ１－７,阿糖胞苷１００－２００ｍｇ／ｄ１～７;对照组：单用ＨＡ方案,用量用法同治疗组。结果：治疗组ＣＲ率８０％,对照组ＣＲ率６０．９％;治疗组有效率９５％,对照组有效率７３．９％。结论：榄香烯乳对急性非淋巴细胞白血病有肯定的疗效,此药不良反应轻,无骨髓抑制,在化疗后的骨髓抑制期仍能继续使用榄香烯乳治疗,故榄香烯乳可成为急性非淋巴细胞白血病的有效药物之一。     

榄香烯乳联合化疗治疗急性非淋巴细胞白血病20例疗效观察

目的：用榄香烯乳加三尖杉酯碱联合化疗治疗急性非淋巴细胞白血病２０例,其中骨髓增生异常综合征转化的急性非淋巴细胞白血病８例。方法：榄香烯乳３００ｍｇ／日,静滴,持续１０天。三尖杉酯碱２～３ｍｇ／日,静滴,持续７～１０天。结果：完全缓解６例（３０％）,部分缓解８例（４０％）,总有效率７０％,无效６例（３０％）。完全缓解中急性非淋巴细胞白血病６例（５０％）,部分缓解中,急性非淋巴细胞白血病４例（３３．３％）,ＭＤＳ转化为急性非淋巴细胞白血病４例（５０％）。结论：榄香烯乳是一种新型非细胞毒抗肿瘤药物,毒副作用低,值得深入探讨。     

榄香烯乳(Lx)联合化疗治疗急性白血病疗效观察

目的：观察榄香烯乳（Ｌｘ）联合化疗治疗急性白血病疗效。方法：用榄香烯乳（Ｌｘ）联合化疗治疗急性白血病１８例。其中６例为急性淋巴细胞白血病（ＡＬＬ）,１２例为急性非淋巴细胞白血病（ＡＮＬＬ）。用法为Ｌｘ３００ｍｇ－５００ｍｇ加入生理直水５００ｍｌ中每日静滴,持续用１０－１５天,同时联合ＨＡ／ＤＡ或ＶＤＰ方案化疗。对照组２０例,其中８例为（ＡＬＬ）,１２例为（ＡＮＬＬ）;化疗方案及用量同治疗组。结果     

榄香烯乳对白血病细胞作用的研究

以体外培养的白血病细胞株Ｋ５６２、Ｌ１２１０为靶细胞，观察了榄香烯乳对白血病细胞的作用，结果显示榄香烯乳对白血病细胞具有明显抑制作用，并可降低ＤＩ和ＰＩ，对正常外周血单个核细胞的影响较小。     

榄香烯乳对白血病细胞作用的研究

以体外培养的白血病细胞株Ｋ５６２、Ｌ１２１０为靶细胞，观察了榄香烯乳对白血病细胞扔作用，结果显示榄香烯乳对白血病细胞具有明显抑制作用，并可降低ＤＩ和ＰＩ，对正常外周血单个核细胞的影响较小。     

榄香烯乳联合化疗治疗肺癌临床观察

目的：探讨榄香烯乳联合化疗治疗肺癌的疗效。方法：应用榄香乳联合吡柔比星（ＴＨＰ－ＡＤＭ）和环磷酰胺（ＣＴＸ）治疗中晚期原发性肺癌２５例,至少３个疗程以 。结果ＣＲ１２％（３／２５）,ＰＲ５６％（１４／２５）,ＣＲ＋ＰＲ６８％。结论：ＴＨＰ－ＡＤＭ心脏毒性及其它毒性均较低,尤其是榄香烯乳具有较强的杀伤肿瘤细胞功能,同时有升白细胞、增强机体免疫力的作用,对肿瘤细胞不产生抗药性,副反应少,可长期应用。     

榄香烯乳合并化疗治疗原发性肺癌的临床观察

 原发性肺癌共80例, 随机分为三组:榄香烯乳单药组24例, 客现有效率为29.2％, 生活质量改善率为54.2％; CTV方案化疗组29例, 客观有效率为34.50％, 生活质量改善率为31.0％, 但骨髓抑制明显; 榄香烯乳加CTV方案联合治疗组27例, 有效率达48.1％, 生活质量改善率达66.70％, 均较CTV方案化疗组明显提高(P<0.05), 且白细胞减少症发生率和毒性程度明显减轻。 以上表明, 榄香烯乳合并CTV方案化疗可以起到增效减毒作用, 可能是治疗肺癌的新的优选方案。     

榄香烯乳联合化疗治疗肺癌脑转移30例临床报告

肺癌脑转移的发生率较高,约20％－50％,是肺癌治疗失败的常见原因^[1]。我们自1996年4月－1999年3月间,应用榄香烯乳、鬼臼噻吩甙（VM26）、环已亚硝脲（CCNU）、顺铂（PPD）联合治疗30例肺癌脑转移患者,取得了满意的疗效。与同期应用VM26、CCNU、PDD联合治疗肺癌脑转移30例对照分析,报道如下。     

大剂量榄香烯乳＋联合化疗治疗晚期恶性肿瘤的近期疗效观察

大剂量榄香烯乳＋联合化疗治疗晚期恶性肿瘤的近期疗效观察山顺林我们于１９９４年４月～１９９５年４月应用榄香烯乳注射液＋联合化疗方案治疗晚期恶性肿瘤３５例，同时与单纯联合化疗方案治疗晚期恶性肿瘤３５例作对照，现将结果报告如下。１材料和方法１．１病例选择７...     

环孢素A联合化疗方案治疗复发、难治性白血病

目的：探讨用环孢素A联合化疗方案治疗复发、难治性白血病的疗效。方法：18例急性非淋巴细胞白血病患者，采用CsA+DA方案治疗6例，CsA+MAE方案治疗12例。结果：CsA+DA组完全缓解率为33％。CsA+MAE组完全缓解率为50％。两组病例的有效率及完全缓解率经统计学分析没有显著差异，P值均大于0.5。结论：环孢素能够逆转难治性白血病的耐药性，在难治性白血病的治疗中有一定作用，但缓解后的治疗需要引起重视。     

HAA方案治疗急性髓细胞白血病临床观察

目的：观察ＨＡＡ方案治疗急性髓细胞白血病化疗效果。方法：初治急性髓细胞白血病１６例，应用ＨＡＡ方案诱导化疗。给药方法：高三尖杉酯碱（ＨＨＴ）３～４ｍｇ／日，静脉滴注（ｉｖ），连用７天；阿糖胞苷（Ａｒａ－Ｃ）１５０ｍｇ／ｍ２／日，ｉｖ，连用７天；阿克拉霉素（ＡＣＲ）４０ｍｇ／ｍ２／日，静脉注射，第１～３天，两疗程间休息２～３周。结果：完全缓解（ＣＲ）１４例，ＣＲ率８７．５％，１６例中１２例（７５％）１疗程即达ＣＲ。结论：ＨＡＡ方案是治疗急性髓细胞白血病的一种有效方案，该方案毒副作用可以耐受。ＨＴＴ和ＡＣＲ之间可能有协同作用。     

含G-CSF预激的化疗在难治/复发性急性白血病治疗中的研究进展

难治与复发急性白血病(acute leukemia,AL)是白血病治疗中的最棘手的问题,患者病情进展迅速,并且难以治愈,且容易复发,甚至危及生命.近年来,多种化疗药物的联合给药方案,在AL的治疗中,取得了较好的临床疗效.含细胞因子的预激化疗方案能够动员处于静止期的白血病细胞进入细胞周期,增强化疗药物特别是周期特异性药物的杀伤作用,提高化疗缓解率,清除白血病微小残留病灶.笔者就含G-CSF预激的化疗在难治/复发性AL治疗中的应用作一综述.     

化疗对急性白血病血小板平均体积变化的影响

目的 :观察急性白血病 (AL)患者化疗前后血小板平均体积 (MPV)的变化及其在造血恢复中的意义。方法 :使用全自动血细胞分析仪及相应试剂对两组化疗前后疗效不同的AL患者 ,采集静脉血测定MPV ,用于比较AL第一疗程化疗后完全缓解 (CR)和部分缓解 (PR)组 ,未缓解 (NR)组 ,两组化疗前后MPV的变化及其恢复时间。结果 :CR PR组 ,化疗前MPV与正常成人相比差异不大 (P >0 0 5 ) ,NR组则有明显的差异 (t=3 36 0 ,P <0 0 0 1)。化疗前后比较显示 :CR PR组MPV平均下降 2 6fl(P<0 0 0 1) ,而NR组轻微上升 0 7fl(P >0 0 5 )。CR PR组MPV平均恢复时间为 (14± 2 )d ,任何一系血细胞达到正常水平时间为(2 1± 2 )d(t=3 990 ,P <0 0 0 1)。另外在油镜下发现两组之间存在有明显的形态与体积的变化。结论 :化疗前后对急性白血病患者MPV变化的观察 ,可能有利于指导化疗方案的选择 ,化疗后MPV停止增高可作为骨髓造血功能恢复的一项早期指标     

榄香烯乳及顺铂治疗肺癌所致双胸腔积液的临床对比观察

为对比顺铂（ＤＤＰ）与榄香烯乳（Ｌｘ）在治疗肺癌所致恶性胸腔积液的效果。１９９５年１２月至１９９７年１２月收治肺癌所致恶性双侧胸腔积液１７例，左侧注入ＤＤＰ，右侧注入Ｌｘ。结果表明：有效率左侧胸腔５８％，右侧９４％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。右侧胸膜增厚明显高于左侧（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论是Ｌｘ治疗肺癌所致恶性胸腔积液效果好于ＤＤＰ，胸膜增厚与疗效有关。     

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation From Haploidentical Donors in Aplasia After Cladribine/Cytarabine Chemotherapy for Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia or Myelodysplastic Syndrome

IntroductionSurvival rate of patients with chemorefractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts (MDS-EB) is poor. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is the only potentially curative therapy in these patients.Patients and MethodsWe report a retrospective analysis of outcomes of therapy of 24 patients with AML or MDS-EB refractory to high-dose salvage chemotherapy or who had failed previous HCT, who received T-cell–replete HLA haploidentical HCT in aplasia after cladribine/cytarabine-based chemotherapy followed by reduced intensity or myeloablative conditioning. All patients had active disease before commencement of the treatment.ResultsOf the patients, 91.7% achieved complete remission (CR), whereas 2 patients (8.2%) died in aplasia. One-year relapse rate was 49.3%. Cumulative incidence of nonrelapse mortality (NRM) was 25.6%. In a subgroup of patients with HCT–comorbidity index score ≤ 3, NRM was 15.4%. Two-year overall survival and relapse-free survival were 30.6% and 22.6%, respectively. Incidence of grade 3 and 4 acute graft versus host disease was 21.3% and 8.3, respectively.ConclusionWe found that sequential therapy with HCT in aplasia after cladribine/cytarabine chemotherapy is feasible, results in high CR rates, and has acceptable toxicity profile; however, posttransplant relapse is common in patients treated with active disease.     

Specific Chromosomal Abnormalities in Patients with Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia from the Islamic Republic of Iran

Cytogenetic analysis performed at diagnosis is considered to be the most valuable prognostic factor in acute nonlymphocyticleukemia (ANLL), a very heterogeneous disease. Little data exist in Iran regarding the cytogeneticcharacteristics of ANLL . Therefore, cytogenetic investigations were performed for 58 patients with various subtypesof ANLL with unstimulated short term culture and high resolution cell synchronization techniques. Among the 58evaluated patients, 45 (77.5%) showed clonal karyotypic abnormalities and the percentages of the abnormal cellswere recorded within the range of 30%-100%. Some 14 were classified as M1, 20 as M2, 19 as M3 , 3 as M4, 1 as M5and 1 as M6. The most common chromosome rearrangements were t(15;17), t( 8;21) and t(9;22). Trisomy ofchromosome 8 (+8) was the most frequent numerical alteration in 3 patients with M1, M2 and M6. The incidence ofother chromosomal defects, including -10, DMCs , -19 , 5q- , dicentric(dic), chromatid breaks, and markerchromosomes was relatively high. Similarities and dissimilarities of our study with others may be due to the role ofgenetic sensitivities as well as uneven geographic distribution in the pathogenesis of ANLL. Further prospectivestudies are warranted to precisely elucidate ethnic differences in the pathogenesis of this disease in differentpopulations.     

凋亡相关抗原7A6在急性粒细胞白血病中表达的意义

为了研究凋亡相关抗原７Ａ６在急性粒细胞白血病化疗前和化疗过程中的表达，探讨其表达率与疗效的关系，应用流式细胞仪和单克隆抗体２．７Ａ６Ａ３，测定２８例病人化疗前及化疗中７２ｈ后抗原７Ａ６的表达率，比较表达率与疗效的关系。同时以１０例正常人作为对照。结果显示病人化疗前抗原７Ａ６表达率与对照组无差别，化疗７２ｈ后抗原７Ａ６表达明显增高，表达率与疗效成正相关。结果表明：测定凋亡相关抗原７Ａ６表达率可预测急性粒细胞白血病疗效。     

Efficacy Oral Glutamine to Prevent Oral Mucositis and Reduce Hospital Costs During Chemotherapy in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Objective: To investigate the use of glutamine administered orally during Methotrexate chemotherapy to prevent oral mucositis and reduce hospital costs in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Methods: Twenty-four children received oral glutamine (400 mg/kg body weight per day) and twenty four received placebo on days of chemotherapy administration and for at least 14 additional days. Oral mucositis  was graded daily at each day of treatment till completion of therapy. The study groups were compared for the oral mucositis development using the WHO scale. Results: Oral mucositis occurred in 4.2 % of the glutamine group and 62.5% in the placebo group. The use of glutamine was directly associated with prevention of oral mucositis than placebo (OR 0,026; 95% CI: 0,003-0,228). The duration of length hospital stay was lower in the glutamine group than in the placebo group ((8 vs 12 days); p = 0,005). Hospital cost per day for glutamine group was 40 USD per day while placebo group was 48 USD per day. Conclusions: There was significant difference in the prevention of oral mucositis by oral glutamine vs placebo. The hospital cost for glutamine supplementation was lower than control group.     

顺铂化疗加放疗对91例难治性（晚期）肺癌的疗效评价

经病理或细胞学证实的难治性门无期）肺癌91例，随机分为两级：顺铂化疗加效疗组（综合组）和单纯放疗组（对照组）。结果提示：CR＋PR，综合组86．2％，对照组54．6／（P＜0.01），经统计学处理两级间有显著差异。本组结果显示难治性（晚期）肺癌用低剂量顺钻化行加效疗的综合治疗．可部分提高缓解率及生活质量。