甲状腺功能异常患者心率变异性临床分析

目的 分析甲状腺功能亢进症(简称甲亢)和甲状腺功能减退症(简称甲减)患者心率变异性,探讨两种疾病的自主神经功能状况.方法以哈尔滨市第二医院和哈尔滨医科大学第二临床医学院就诊的66例甲状腺疾病患者作为观察对象,分为甲亢组(36例)、甲减组(30例),同时选取26例健康体检人员作对照组,进行12导联同步24 h动态监测,指标包括24 h连续窦性R-R间期标准差(SDNN),24 h连续5 min节段的窦性R-R间期标准差(SDANN),24 h内两个相邻窦性R-R间期差＞50 ms心率数占所分析信息期内的心率数的百分比(PNN50),24 h连续窦性R-R间期差值的均方根(rMSSD),低频段功率(LF),高频段功率(HF),低频段功率与高频段功率比值(LF/HF).结果甲亢组心率变异性检测指标SDNN[(80.48±11.95)ms]、PNN50[(18.56±3.50)%]、rMSSD[(13.56±3.45)ms]均明显低于对照组[(128.06±12.8)ms、(32.84±7.21)%、(30.84±6.12)ms,P均＜0.05];LF/HF比值(3.78±1.63)与对照组(2.34±1.06)比较,明显增加(P＜0.05).甲减组SDNN[(65.65±15.55)ms]、SDANN[(80.2±15.72)ms]、PNN50[(16.34±3.56)%]、rMSSD[(15.77±3.58)ms]、LF[(279.03±91.49)ms2/Hz]也明显低于对照组[(128.06±12.87)ms、(132.40±21.95)ms、(32.84±7.21)%、(30.84±6.12)ms、(525.60±84.11)ms2/Hz],两组比较差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05);LF/HF比值(1.08±0.73)与对照组比较,呈降低趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论甲状腺功能异常患者心率变异性总体表现为降低,甲亢患者以交感神经活性占优势,而甲减患者以迷走神经活性占优势.     

131Ⅰ治疗对甲状腺功能亢进患者心率变异性的影响

目的 观察甲状腺功能亢进(简称甲亢)患者心率变异性,探讨131Ⅰ治疗对甲亢患者自主神经功能的影响.方法 以哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院和哈尔滨市第二医院就诊的56例甲亢患者作为观察对象,于131Ⅰ治疗前和治疗6个月后,进行12导联同步24 h动态监测,同时选取49例健康体检人员作对照组.观察指标包括24 h连续窦性R-R间期标准差(SDNN)、24 h连续5 min节段的窦性R-R间期标准差(SDANN)、24 h内两个相邻窦性R-R间期差>50 ms心率数占所分析信息期内的心率数的百分比(PNN50)、24 h连续窦性R-R间期差值的均方根(rMSSD)、极低频段功率(VLF)、低频段功率(LF)、高频段功率(HF)、低频段功率与高频段功率比值(LF/HF).结果 甲亢组治疗前SDNN[(85.25±13.59)ms]、SDANN[(95.47±33.15)ms]、PNN50[(15.26±4.84)%]、rMSSD[(14.47±3.49)ms]、LF[(435.57±75.74)ms2/Hz]、HF[(129.81±63.21)ms2/Hz]均明显低于对照组[(155.24±15.87)ms、(134.02±24.15)ms、(29.41±6.21)%、(26.64±6.11)ms、(515.69±74.83)ms2/Hz、(265.93±58.84)ms2/Hz,P均<0.05],VLF[(1765.21±315.22)ms2]、LF/HF(3.95±1.89)明显高于对照组[(374.25士54.47)ms2,2.94±1.55,P均<0.05],而甲亢组治疗后SDNN[(126.91±16.32)ms]、SDANN[(125.20±43.22)ms]、PNN50[(26.34±7.56)%]、rMSSD[(24.85±7.85)ms]、LF[(489.35-i-91.49)ms2/Hz]、HF[(209.45±75.32)ms2/Hz]均明显高于治疗前(P均<0.05),VLF[(571.80±97.41)ms2]、LF/HF比值(2.41±0.93)明显低于治疗前(P均<0.05),但与对照组相比较,SDNN、PNN50、HF仍明显降低,VLF明显增高,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05).结论 甲亢患者心率变异性总体表现为降低,以交感神经活性占优势,应用131Ⅰ治疗可部分纠正心脏自主神经异常的病理生理现象.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the heart rate variability in patients with hypothyroidism, and to analyze the effect of 131Ⅰ therapy on autonomic nervous system of patients with the diseases. Methods A total of 56 cases of hyperthyroidism from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University and the Second Hospital of Harbin City were enrolled as research subjects. 12-synchronous dynamic 24-hour monitoring and man-machine dialogue were used 6 months before and after 131Ⅰ treatment, and 49 cases of healthy volunteers were selected as controls.Heart rate variability indicators observed included 24 h consecutive sinus standard deviation of R-R interval (SDNN), standard deviation of sequential five-minute R-R interval (SDANN), percentage of differences between adjacent NN intervals that > 50 ms(PNN50), root mean square standard deviation from adjacent R-R interval (rMSSD), very low frequency power(VLF), low frequency power(LF), high frequency power(HF), and low frequency power/high frequency power(LF/HF). Results In hyperthyroidism group before 131Ⅰ therapy, SDNN[(85.25 ± 13.59)ms], SDANN [( 95.47 ± 33.15)ms], PNN50 [( 15.26 ± 4.84) %], rMSSD [( 14.47 ~ 3.49) ms], LF [(435.57 ± 75.74)ms2/Hz], and HF[(129.81 ± 63.21 )ms2/Hz] were significantly lower than those of the control group [(155.24 ±15.87), ( 134.02 ± 24.15)ms, (29.41 ± 6.21 )%, (26.64 ± 6.11 )ms, (515.69 ± 74.83)ms2/Hz, and (265.93 ± 58.84)ms2/Hz, all P < 0.05], VLF[(1765.21 ± 315.22)ms2] and LF/HF(3.95 ± 1.89) were significantly higher than that of the control group[(374.25 ± 54.47)ms2, 2.94 ± 1.55, all P < 0.05]. In hyperthyroidism group after treatment,SDNN [(126.91 ± 16.32)ms], SDANN[(125.2 ± 43.22)ms], PNN50[(26.34 ~ 7.56)%], rMSSD[(24.85 ± 7.85)ms],LF [(489.35 ± 91.49)ms2/Hz], and HF [(209.45 ± 75.32)ms] were also significantly higher than those before 131Ⅰ therapy, VLF[(571.80 ± 97.41)ms] and LF/HF(2.41 ± 0.93) were lower than that before 131Ⅰ therapy,but SDNN, PNN50 and HF were lower and VLF was higher than those of the control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusions The heart rate variability in patients with hyperthyroidism is lower in the overall performance, sympathetic activity is dominate, 131Ⅰ therapy partly corrects abnormal autonomic nerve function.     

厄贝沙坦对老年心力衰竭患者心率变异性的影响

目的观察厄贝沙坦对老年心力衰竭(CHF)患者心率变异性(HRV)的影响。方法纳入2012年10月~2014年3月于解放军第253医院心内科住院确诊为CHF的患者32例,其中男性19例,女性13例,年龄65~76岁,平均(71±8.9)岁。同时将CHF患者随机分为两组,厄贝沙坦组(17例)和常规治疗组(15例)。常规治疗组按指南要求给予强心、利尿、扩血管及病因等标准治疗;厄贝沙坦组则在常规治疗的基础上加用厄贝沙坦,连续治疗8周。所有入选者均于治疗前后测定并计算HRV的各项时域及频域指标。时域指标包括正常R-R间期标准差(SDNN)、节段平均R-R间期标准差(SDANN)、正常R-R间期标准差平均值(SDNNindex)、相邻R-R间期差值均方根(RMSSD)、相邻R-R间期差值大于50 ms记数占总R-R间期数的百分比(PNN50);频域指标包括心率变异总功率(TP)、低频功率(LF)、高频功率(HF)、极低频功率(VLF)。结果与治疗前比较,厄贝沙坦组治疗后时域指标SDNN、SDANN和RMSSD增加,频域指标中的TP、VLF、LF、HF也增加,差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。厄贝沙坦组治疗后较常规治疗组时域指标中的SDNN[(77.3±29.4)ms vs.(71.5±31.2)ms]、SDANN[(78.1±25.3)ms vs.(65.8±29.6)ms]和RMSSD[(28.1±11.4)ms vs.(23.7±6.9)ms]增加,频域指标中的TP[(968.6±382.4)ms2 vs.(765.4±335.2)ms2]、VLF[(652.3±361.7)ms2 vs.(501.2±265.4)ms2]、LF[(251.3±77.1)ms2 vs.(191.2±69.0)ms2]、HF[(95.4±61.3)ms2 vs.(79.5±61.1)ms2]增加,差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论厄贝沙坦可以改善老年CHF患者的HRV,改善心脏自主神经功能的失衡。     

心血管病患者与健康成人心率变异性的比较

目的比较心血管疾病与健康成人的心率变异性。方法应用12通道动态心电图对273例心血管病患者(实验组)与210例健康成人(对照组)的HRV时域和频域指标进行对比分析。HRV时域指标:24h全部窦性RR间期的标准差(SDNN)、24h连续5min窦性RR间期均值标准差(SDANN)、相邻RR间期差值均方根(rMSSD)、相邻窦性RR间期差值大于50ms的百分比(PNN50);HRV频域指标:总功率(TP)、极低频功率(VLF)、低频功率(LF)、高频功率(HF)及LF/HF。结果心血管病患者的年龄、SDNN、SDANN、rMSSD、TP及VLF较对照组差异有统计学意义(p<0.05),而PNN50、LF、HF及LF/HF差异无统计学意义(p>0.05)。结论心血管病患者心脏自主神经调控功能紊乱,迷走神经活性降低,交感神经活性增强。     

老年人不同甲状腺功能状态下脂代谢特征与氧化应激的关系

目的 探讨老年人不同甲状腺功能状态下脂代谢特征与氧化应激的关系.方法 初诊老年甲状腺疾病患者86例[甲状腺功能亢进(甲亢)47例,甲状腺功能减退(甲减)39例]、非老年甲状腺疾病患者83例(甲亢43例,甲减40例)和老年健康对照组20例.检测空腹血浆丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),氧化型低密度脂蛋白(OX-LDL)水平,同时测定血脂指标及甲状腺功能,计算SOD/MDA比值.结果 老年甲亢组血脂各组分均高于非老年甲亢组、低于老年对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);老年甲亢组与非老年甲亢组、老年对照组比较,丙二醛[分别为(10.23±6.29)、(7.37±4.58)μmol/L和(3.66±2.53)μmol/L]、游离脂肪酸(FFA)[分别为(0.86±0.58)、(0.61±0.46)mmol/L和(0.45士0.12)mmol/L]和SOD显著升高(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).老年甲减组与非老年甲减组和老年对照组比较,MDA[(9.03±5.98)、(6.59±3.18)μmol/L和(3.66±2.53)μmol/L]、OX-LDL[(387.36±71.04)、(355.22±45.01)μg/L和(324.53±56.19)μg/L]及部分血脂组分均显著增高(P＜0.05或P＜O.01).老年甲亢组、甲减组SOD/MDA比值均低于老年对照组和非老年组(均为P＜0.01).多元回归分析,甲亢组游离甲状腺素(FT4)和FFA是影响MDA的因素,甲减组非HDL-C和LDL-C与MDA独立相关.结论 初诊老年甲亢和甲减患者氧化应激增强,氧化损伤程度与脂代谢紊乱有关.     

2型糖尿病治疗前后心率变异性分析

目的：观察2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM）患者治疗前后心率变异性（heart rate variability,HRV）的变化。方法选取48例T2DM患者作为糖尿病组,另选取50例健康志愿者作为对照组。观察 T2DM患者治疗前后 HRV 时域指标 SDNN、SDANN、rMSSD、PNN50和HRV频域指标LF、HF、LF／HF、VLF的变化,并与对照组比较。结果糖尿病组治疗前HRV时域和频域指标均低于对照组（P＜0．05）;与治疗前相比,糖尿病组治疗后HRV时域指标SDNN、SDANN、rMSSD、PNN50和 HRV 频域指标 LF、HF、VLF 均有不同程度的改善（P＜0．05）。结论 T2 DM患者存在心脏自主神经调节功能异常,以迷走神经受损为主,治疗后自主神经调节功能有不同程度的恢复。     

甲状腺功能异常患者心率变异性临床分析

Objective To investigate the autonomic nervous system function of hyperthyroidism and hyperthyroidism by analyzing the heart rate variability of patients with the diseases. Methods 12-synchronous dynamic 24-hour monitoring and man-machine dialogue were used in 36 patients with hyperthyroidism, 30 patients with hypothyroidism and 26 cases of healthy volunteers(controls), and 24-hour electrocardiogram was analyzed.Heart rate variability indicators observed included 24 h consecutive sinus standard deviation of R-R interval (SDNN), standard deviation of sequential five-minute R-R interval (SDANN), percentage of differences between adjacent NN intervals that ＞ 50 ms(PNN50), root mean square standard deviation from adjacent R-R interval (rMSSD), low-frequency power (LF), high frequency power (HF), low frequency power/high frequency power (LF/HF). Results In hyperthyroidism group, SDNN[(80.48 ± 11.95)ms], PNN50[(18.56 ± 3.50)%], rMSSD [ ( 13.56 ± 3.45)ms] were significantly lower than those of the control group[ ( 128.06 ± 12.8)ms, (32.84 ± 7.21)%,(30.84 ± 6.12)ms, all P ＜ 0.05 ], and LF/HF(3.78 ± 1.63) were significantly higher than that of the control group (2.34 ± 1.06, P ＜ 0.05). In hypothyroidism group, SDNN[(65.65 ± 15.55)ms], SDAN[ (80.2 ± 15.72)ms],PNN50[ (16.34 ± 3.56)%], rMSSD [ (15.77 ± 3.58)ms ], LF[ (279.03 ± 91.49)ms2/Hz ] were also significantly lower than those of the control group[ (128.06 ± 12.87)ms, (132.40 ± 21.95 )ms, (32.84 ± 7.21 )%, (30.84 ± 6.12)ms, (525.60 ± 84.11)ms2/Hz, all P ＜ 0.05], but LF/HF (1.08 ± 0.73) was lower than that of the control group,however, the difference was not significant(P ＞ 0.05). Conclusions The heart rate in patients with abnormal thyroid function is lower in the overall performance, but in patients with hyperthyroidism sympathetic activity is dominate, while in patients with hypothyroidism, vagal nerve activity is dominate.     

亚临床甲状腺功能减退对QT间期和心率变异性的影响

目的 通过分析亚临床甲状腺功能减退(简称亚临床甲减)患者QT间期和心率变异性,探讨亚临床甲减对心脏电活动的影响.方法 收集55例亚临床甲减患者为试验组,54例甲状腺功能正常者为对照组,进行常规体检,检测促甲状腺激素(TSH)、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)和游离甲状腺素(FT4),行24小时长程心电图检查(当天上午9时～次日上午9时),比较两组研究对象的一般资料、心率(HR)、R-R间期、QT和QTc间期、心率变异性(时域性指标:SDNN、SDANN、rMSSD和pNN50;频域性指标:LF、HF和LF/HF)和心律失常发生率的差异.结果 与对照组相比,试验组(1)TSH水平较高,FT4水平较低,差异均有统计学意义;(2)R-R间期、QT和QTc间期明显延长,差异均有统计学意义;(3)总的心率变异性较低:SDNN、SDANN、rMSSD、pNN50和HF较小,而LF/HF较大,差异均有统计学意义;(4)心律失常发生率差异无统计学意义.结论 亚临床甲减增加QT离散度,降低心脏迷走神经节律,增加心脏交感神经节律,使心脏电活动紊乱.     

甲状腺激素对心脏自主神经功能和心室复极动态性的影响

目的通过检测心率变异性(HRV)和心室复极动态性指标评估甲状腺激素对心脏自主神经功能和心室复极动态性的影响。方法选取我院内分泌科住院及门诊甲状腺功能亢进病人57例(甲亢组),另选取年龄、性别匹配的55名健康志愿者(对照组)。检测血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、血清游离甲状腺素(FT4)、促甲状腺激素(TSH)、QT离散度(QTd)、校正QT间期(QTc)、QRS宽度、总功率(TP)、极低频功率(VLF)、低频功率(LF)、高频功率(HF)、低频功率与高频功率比值(LF/HF)、窦性心搏RR间期的标准差(SDNN)、相邻RR间期差的均方根(RMSSD)、24h内每5min时段窦性R-R间期平均值的标准差(SDANN)、相邻R-R间期差值50ms的心搏数占所有心搏数的比例(PNN50)、PNN50a、PNN50b、QTe/RR斜率和QTp/RR斜率。结果甲亢组治疗前FT3、FT4、TSH、QTd、VLF、LF、HF、TP、SDNN、PNN50、PNN50a、PNN50b、QTe/RR和QTp/RR斜率与本组治疗后及对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05);甲亢组治疗后各指标与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。QTe/RR斜率与VLF、LF、TP有显著相关性(P 0.05);QTp/RR斜率与TP有显著相关性(P 0.05)。结论甲状腺激素能够影响窦房结功能,导致心率增快和HRV异常,同时也会影响心室的复极动态性,导致QT/RR斜率增大。     

放疗剂量对鼻咽癌患者QT离散度、心率变异性时域、频域及心电图的影响

目的探讨不同放疗剂量对鼻咽癌患者QT离散度、心率变异性时域、频域指标及心电图的影响。方法接受放疗的73例鼻咽癌患者逐步进行15~25、35~45、55~65 Gy剂量的放射治疗,观察放疗前后QT离散度(QTd)、校正后QT离散度(QTcd)、NN间期标准差(SDNN)、NN间期均值标准差(SDANN)、相邻NN间期均值的均方根(r MSSD、NN相邻间期差值超过50 ms的心搏数所占百分比(p NN50);频域指标:极低频功率(VLF)、低频功率(LF)、高频功率(HF)、LF/HF、总功率(TP)等。结果与治疗前比较,患者接受15~25、35~45、55~65 Gy治疗后,SDNN、r MSSD、p NN50、TP、VLF、LF、HF均降低,且随着放疗剂量的增加不断降低(P0.05);窦性心律失常发生率明显低于放疗前(P0.05)。结论通过监测放疗过程中QTd、QTcd、HRV时域指标、频域指标,可以密切监测鼻咽癌患者心脏自主神经功能的变化,为评估放疗及预后提供一定依据。     

自身免疫性甲状腺疾病患者血清纤维化指标观察

目的 观察自身免疫性甲状腺疾病(AITD)患者血清Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)和透明质酸(HA)水平.探讨其临床意义.方法 按甲状腺功能将114例AITD患者分为3组:①Graves病甲状腺功能亢进(简称甲亢)组(38例),②桥本甲状腺炎甲状腺功能低下(简称甲低)组(35例),③桥本甲状腺炎亚临床甲状腺功能低下(简称哑甲低)组(41例),另设40例健康人作为对照组.用免疫化学发光法检测以上各组人群血清游离三碘甲腺原氨酸(FT3),游离甲状腺素(FT4),超敏促甲状腺激素(sTSH)水平.用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清PCⅢ水平,用放射免疫分析法(RIA)检测血清HA水平.结果 甲亢组血清FT3,FT4水平[(18.35±6.19),(76.28±23.49)pmol/L]明显高于对照组[(4.75±0.31),(16.12±3.27)pmol/L],sTSH水平[(0.15±0.07)mU/L]明显低于对照组[(3.78±0.15)mU/L],差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01),甲低组FT3,FT4水平[(3.36±0.26),(6.37±2.19)pmol/L]均低于对照组(P＜0.05),sTSH[(44.58±13.29)mU/L]明显高于对照组(P＜0.01),亚甲低组FT3,FT4水平[(4.86±0.45),(15.26±2.78)pmol/L]与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),sTSH[(14.26±4.73)mU/L]明显高丁对照组(P＜0.01).甲亢组血清PCⅢ水平[(4.63±1.22)μg/L]明显高于甲低组[(3.64±1.12)μg/L],亚甲低组[(3.54±1.17)μg/L],对照组[(3.56±1.07)μg/L],组问两两比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而甲低组,哑甲低组,对照组PCⅢ水平任意两组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),甲低组血清HA水平[(31.13±10.28)μg/L]高于甲亢组[(22.24±7.22)μg/L],亚甲低组[(22.43 4-7.99)μg/L]和对照组[(23.09±9.19)μg/L],组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而甲低组,亚甲低组,对照组HA水平任意两组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 在排除肝纤维化等病变的情况下,检测甲亢患者血清PCⅢ,对了解早期的心肌纤维化有重要意义,对病程较长的甲亢患者,血清HA,PCⅢ的榆测可作为早期发现肝损伤和纤维化的参考依据.     

750例健康儿童心率变异性分析

目的对750例健康儿童心率变异性（heart rate variability,HRV）进行分析,观察正常值范围及HRV与年龄的关系。方法对750例来我院体格检查的正常健康儿童分为以下6个年龄组：新生儿组（〈1个月）、婴儿组（1个月一1岁）、幼儿组（1～3岁）、学龄前组（3～6岁）、学龄组（6—11岁）和青春期组（11—16岁）,进行24h动态心电图检测,分析HRV时域（SDNN、SDANN、PNNSO、rMSSD）及频域（TF、VLF、LF、HF、LF／HF）结果。结果（1）各年龄组HRV时域分析SDNN、SDANN、rMSSD差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）,随年龄增长,HRV有增大趋势。（2）HRV频域分析TF、VLF、LF、HF差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）,数值随年龄增大而增大。结论不同年龄段HRV时域及频域结果不同,HRV随年龄增加而增大,可对临床研究异常HRV提供参考依据。     

弥漫性甲状腺肿治疗前后心率变异性的变化

目的 探讨弥漫性甲状腺肿（又称Graves病,简称GD）患者心率变异性（HRV）的变化。方法 选取30例GD患者,另选取30例健康志愿者作为对比研究。观察GD患者治疗前后HRV指标：所有窦性心搏RR间期标准差（SDNN）、全程记录中每5 min窦性心搏RR间期平均值的标准差（SDANN）、相邻RR间期差大于或等于50 ms的个数占总心跳次数的百分比（PNN50）、低频LF（0. 04 ~ 0. 15 Hz）、高频HF（0. 15 ~ 0. 40 Hz）、LF/ HF值、极低频VLF（0. 003 3 ~0. 04 Hz）。结果 GD组治疗后与治疗前相比,时域指标：SDNN、RMSDNN、SDANN、PNN50均改善（P 均〈0. 01）;频域指标LF、HF、VLF亦均明显改善（P 均〈0. 01）;GD组治疗前HRV指标：SDNN、PNN50、LF、HF、VLF均低于对照组（P〈0. 01）;GD组治疗后与对照组相比,HRV上述指标两组无显著性差异。 GD组治疗前频域指标24 h波动曲线趋于平稳,治疗后波动性有所恢复。结论 GD患者存在心脏自主神经调节功能异常,以迷走神经受损为主;24 h频域指标波动性则趋于平稳,治疗后调节功能异常和波动性可有不同程度恢复。     

扩张型心肌病患者心率减速力的临床研究

目的:研究心率减速力(DC)在扩张型心肌病(DCM)患者中的变化以及与左室射血分数(LVEF)、心率变异性(HRV)之间的关系。方法:32例DCM患者和34例正常人接受24h动态心电图检查和超声心动图检查,计算机分别测定2组患者的DC、LVEF及HRV时域指标(SDNN,RMSSD)与标化的频域指标(LFn、HFn);比较2组患者的DC、LVEF、SDNN,RMSSD、LFn及HFn,并研究DCM患者的DC与LVEF及HRV各指标之间的关系。结果:DCM患者的DC值明显小于正常对照组(3.3±2.3msvs6.9±1.4ms,P<0.01),其异常DC的发生率高达89.7%,明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01);DCM组患者的DC与LVEF、SDNN、RMSSD、LFn及HFn之间呈明显的正相关关系。结论:DCM患者的DC值明显降低,DC是一项可用以定量评估DCM患者自主神经张力并筛选高危患者的新的可靠指标。     

哌仑西平对兔急性心肌缺血心率变异与心电生理的影响

目的：观察小剂量哌仑西平对兔急性心肌缺血时心率变异与心电生理的影响,为临床应用提供实验理论依据。方法：建立兔急性心肌缺血模型,采用心率变异的时域指标及频域指标测定心肌缺血时心脏自主神经功能,应用心电生理研究方法测定心肌缺血时心电生理参数：心室有效不应期（VERP）,心室有效不应期离散度（VERPD）,QT离散度（QTD）,心室颤动阈值（VFT）的变化,比较哌仑西平预处理组与对照组各项指标。结果：兔急性心肌缺血时,哌仑西平预处理组较对照组心率变异时域指标增加,频域指标VLF,LF与LF／HF降低,HF增高;心电生理指标VERPD降低,QTD降低,VFT增高。相关性分析显示心率变异指标与VFT相关。结论：小剂量哌仑西平预处理能改善兔急性心肌缺血时的心电生理不稳定状态,增加心室颤动阈值,此作用与提高心脏迷走神经活性有关。     

Cigarette Smoking and Heart Rate Variability: Dynamic Influence of Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Maneuvers

Background: Cigarette smoking has been associated with increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system. In this study, we investigated cardiac autonomic function in heavy smokers and nonsmoker controls by analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). Method: Twenty‐four long‐term heavy smokers (men) and twenty‐two nonsmoker subjects (hospital staff) were included to study. Time domain [mean R‐R interval (RR), the standard deviation of R‐R interval index (SDNN), and the root mean square of successive R‐R interval differences (RMSSD)] and frequency domain [high frequency (HF) low frequency (LF), and LF/HF ratio] parameters of HRV were obtained from all participants after 15 minutes resting period in supine position (S), during controlled respiration (CR), and handgrip exercise (HGE) over 5‐minute periods. Results: Baseline SDNN and RMSSD values were found to be lower in smokers than in nonsmokers. (64 ± 10 vs 78 ± 22, P < 0.05 and 35 ± 12 vs 54 ± 30 ms, P < 0.05). Baseline LF/HF ratio was also found to be higher in smokers than in nonsmokers (1.3 ± 0.6 vs 0.9 ± 0.5 ms, P < 0.05). The other HRV parameters including R‐R interval, LF, and HF were not significantly different. During CR, expected increase in RR, SDNN, and RMSSD did not occur in smokers, while it did occur in nonsmokers. Most HRV indices were significantly affected by HGE in both groups. In addition, the duration of smoking was found to be inversely correlated with RMSSD and HF and positively correlated with LF/HF ratio. Conclusion: Vagal modulation of the heart is blunted in heavy smokers, particularly during a parasympathetic maneuver. Blunted autonomic control of the heart may partly be associated with adverse event attributed to cigarette smoking.     

Sportmedizinische Aspekte kardialer Risikostratifizierung

The present study investigates the association of the predicted CHD-risk (PROCAM) with the individual endurance capacity and heart rate variability (HRV) in a population-based sample of sedentary elderly. After stratification, in 57 men (48.1+/-9.5 yrs.) with an overall PROCAM-risk <10% (28.7+/-10.9 points) and 22 men (54.5+/-7.7 yrs.) with a coronary 10-year risk > or =10% (50.8+/-5.6 points) cycle ergometries and short-term HRV analysis of time (RRMEAN, SDNN, RMSSD) and frequency domain parameters (LF, HF, TP, LF/HF) were conducted. Additionally the autonomic stress index (SI) was calculated. Nonparametric tests were used for statistical correlation analysis (Spearman rho) and group comparisons (Mann-Whitney). For endurance capacity [W/kg] (r=-0.469, p<0.001), SDNN (r=-0.302, p<0.05), RMSSD (r= -0.311, p<0.05), LF (r=-0.325, p<0.05), HF (r= -0.311, p<0.05) and TP (r= -0.307, p<0.05) negative monotone correlations with the coronary score-risk were determined. Significant positive correlations were calculated for SI (r=0.476, p<0.001). Except for RRMEAN and LF/HF significant group differences (p<0.05) were computed for SDNN (30.0+/-20.0 vs 20.0+/-10.0 ms), RMSSD (22.2+/-18.3 vs 18.0+/-8.7 ms), LF (90.9+/-241.5 vs 41.35+/-81.1 ms(2)), HF (43.0+/-105.1 vs 18.0+/-27.0 ms(2)) and TP (189.0+/-457.1 vs 100.0+/-157.6 ms(2)). Significant differences (p<0.01) were evaluated for exercise capacity (2.4+/-0.5 vs 1.8+/-0.3 W/kg) and SI (90+/-183 vs 322+/-291). The results underline the predictive value of HRV analysis in risk stratification and outline the interrelation of a decreased exercise capacity and autonomic function with a raised individual 10-year cardiac risk. As an independent parameter of the vegetative regulatory state the stress index may contribute to an increased practical relevance of short-time HRV analysis.