A型肉毒杆菌毒素治疗65例面肌痉挛的疗效观察

目的 探讨A型肉毒杆菌毒素治疗面肌痉挛的疗效及不良反应.方法 对65例面肌痉挛患者进行面肌多点注射A型肉毒杆菌毒素,对治疗前后的病情分级进行比较,并随访12～36周.结果 A型肉毒杆菌毒素治疗的总有效率为100%,无全身反应,局部不良反应主要为轻微短暂上睑下垂、鼻唇沟变浅、患侧眼流泪;6个月复发率为80%,药效作用时间平均为20周;重复注射仍然有效 .结论 局部注射A型肉毒杆菌毒素是治疗面肌痉挛的一种有效手段,方法 简便、易行,不良反应轻微,可作为治疗面肌痉挛的首选药物推广使用.     

A型肉毒杆菌毒素治疗眼睑及面肌痉挛40例

目的 探讨A型肉毒杆菌毒素治疗眼睑痉挛及面肌痉挛的临床效果.方法 对40例眼睑痉挛及18例1侧面肌痉挛患者局部注射A型肉毒杆菌毒素.结果 全部病例痉挛症状缓解,治疗效果满意.药效作用时间:眼睑痉挛者为4～16周,平均9.5周;面肌痉挛者为9～24周,平均14周,无全身毒副作用,局部副作用小且可逆,可重复注射.结论 用A型肉毒杆菌毒素治疗眼睑及面肌痉挛方法简单,安全有效.     

A型肉毒杆菌毒素治疗特发性睑痉挛和半侧面肌痉挛

观察A型肉毒杆菌毒素局部注射治疗特发性睑痉挛和侧面肌痉挛的效果。结果：特发性睑痉挛42例和半侧面肌痉挛24例经肉毒杆菌毒素局部注射治疗后，症状得到迅速缓解，随访中未发现全身性不良反应，局部副作用轻微。结论：A型肉毒杆菌毒素注射治疗特发性睑痉挛和半侧面肌痉挛方法简单，可暂时有效地解除或缓解症状，可使大多数病例免予手术治疗。     

A型肉毒杆菌毒素治疗面肌痉挛的临床研究

目的：观察A型肉毒杆菌毒素治疗面肌痉挛的临床疗效。方法：采用小剂量A型肉毒杆菌毒素局部多点注射治疗36例面肌痉挛患者。结果：36例面肌痉挛患者完全缓解32例,占88．89％;明显缓解3例,占8．33％;部分缓解1例,占2．78％。药效作用时间9周-32周．平均14．2周。无全身反应,局部并发症轻微、短暂。可重复注射。结论：局部注射A型肉毒杆菌毒素治疗面肌痉挛为一种安全、有效、简便易行的方法。     

A型肉毒毒素治疗面肌痉挛112例疗效观察

目的:探讨A型肉毒毒素治疗面肌痉挛的疗效及不良反应。方法:对112例面肌痉挛患者进行面肌多点注射A型肉毒杆菌毒素,对治疗前后的病情分级进行比较,并随访6～12月。结果:A型肉毒杆菌毒素治疗的总有效率为100%,不良反应轻微、短暂,药效作用时间平均为5月。结论:局部注射A型肉毒毒素治疗面肌痉挛安全,有效。     

A型肉毒毒素治疗面肌痉挛的疗效

目的 :观察A型肉毒毒素 (BTXA)治疗面肌痉挛的疗效。方法 :面肌痉挛患者 85例 ,既往均经药物、针灸、理疗、神经干阻滞等治疗无效。使用A型肉毒毒素 ,根据痉挛肌肉 ,于眼轮匝肌及面肌多点注射 ,每一注射点注射 2 .5U ,每次注射总剂量不应超过 5 5U。结果 :完全缓解者 92 .9% (79/ 85 ) ;明显缓解者 7.1% (6 / 85 ) ;总有效率 10 0 %。平均起效时间 (3.1±1.6 )d。平均疗效维持时间 (2 3.4± 2 .6 )周。未见全身副作用 ,局部副作用主要表现为闭目力弱 9例 ,眼睑下垂 5例 ,面肌无力 6例 ,均于 1月内自行缓解。结论 :A型肉毒毒素治疗面肌痉挛疗效显著 ,为一种简便、安全的方法。     

半侧面肌痉挛的诊断和治疗

目的　观察半侧面肌痉挛患者的临床表现和肉毒毒素对半侧面肌痉挛的治疗效果。方法　对近 3年来神经内科门诊诊断的面肌痉挛病人 2 90例进行回顾性研究 ,使用 Cohen's量表对治疗效果进行评估。结果　治疗后起效时间是 5 .4± 7.8天 ,效果持续 18.4± 6 .1周。治疗后完全缓解率达 83.8% ,明显缓解率达 15 .2 %。 30 %的患者有副作用 ,主要是面肌、眼睑无力 ,眼睑下垂 ,流泪和眼干及复视 ,但这是暂时的、可逆的 ,2周内基本消失。结论　 A型肉毒毒素治疗方法简便、易行 ,是治疗面肌痉挛的首选药物     

A型肉毒毒素对眼睑痉挛的疗效观察

[背景 ]观察A型肉毒毒素对原发性眼睑痉挛和面肌痉挛的治疗效果 .[病例报告 ]多点局部注射A型肉毒毒素治疗原发性眼睑痉挛 2 6例及合并面肌痉挛的眼睑痉挛 13例 .结果 ,症状在 1～ 3d内缓解 ,5d内明显缓解 ,2个星期内缓解最明显 ,有效率为 10 0 % ,原发性眼睑痉挛的有效作用时间为 10～2 3周 ,平均 16周 .合并面肌痉挛的眼睑痉挛的平均有效作用时间为 14周 .[讨论 ]局部注射A型肉毒毒素是治疗原发性眼睑痉挛和面肌痉挛的一种方法     

A型肉毒杆菌毒素治疗眼睑及面肌痉挛临床分析

目的:探讨肉毒杆菌毒素治疗眼睑及面肌痉挛的效果。方法:对2000年8月～2004年12月收治的46例患者进行肉毒杆菌毒素治疗。结果:患者面肌及眼睑痉挛强度均下降,与治疗前比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。6个月后随访有19例复发,无全身及局部过敏等不良反应。结论:A型肉毒杆菌毒素治疗眼睑及面肌痉挛是一种有效且安全的治疗方法。     

A型肉毒毒素治疗偏侧面肌痉挛24例临床分析

目的：探讨治疗偏侧面肌痉挛的临床方法。方法：进行局部面部肌肉注射A型肉毒毒素,以达到治疗目的。结果：应用A型肉毒毒素治疗面肌痉挛24例,有效率为100%。结论：临床应用A型肉毒毒素治疗面肌痉挛,安全、可靠,适合基层医院推广使用,可作为治疗面肌痉挛的首选方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.