RNA干扰技术逆转神经胶质瘤细胞多药耐药性

目的 探讨利用RNA干扰（RNAi）技术逆转神经胶质瘤细胞多药耐药性。方法 根据多药耐药基因1（MDR1）的碱基序列设计并合成短发夹RNA（shRNA）,构建逆转录病毒质粒载体,用阳离子脂质体法体外转染BT325细胞株,以增强型绿色荧光蛋白（EGFP）表达作为对照。采用定量PCR、Northern blot检测转染前后MDR1 mRNA的表达,Western blot检测蛋白表达;使用CCK-8试剂盒对转染后的细胞进行化疗药物敏感性试验,评价RNAi对多药耐药性的逆转作用。结果 成功构建RNAi质粒载体。共转染实验组RT-PCR定量MDR1 mRNA相对表达水平均有所下降（P〈0．05）;Northern blot表明,转染48h细胞干扰最强;Western blot显示,siRNA各转染组P-糖蛋白（P-gp）的表达分别降低12．9％、30．3％和4．8％,在48h抑制最强;而药物敏感试验显示,转染siRNA后细胞对药物的敏感性明显增强。结论 RNAi能够明显抑制神经胶质瘤细胞系MDR1 mRNA和P-gp蛋白的表达,进而对多药耐药性发挥明显的逆转作用,为基因治疗提供了一种新的手段。     

MDR1基因下调逆转人白血病阿霉素耐药细胞株K562/ADM的耐药性

目的：探讨RNA干扰（RNAi）人MDR1基因对人白血病阿霉素耐药细胞株K562/ADM耐药性的影响。方法：应用针对人MDR1基因的RNAi质粒pENTRTM/U6-MDR1转染人白血病阿霉素耐药细胞株K562/ADM和亲本细胞株K562,48 h后实时荧光定量PCR检测MDR1 mRNA表达,流式细胞术检测P-gp蛋白表达和P-gp功能,MTT法检测细胞对ADM的耐药性。结果：与未转染细胞相比,K562/ADM耐药细胞pENTRTM/U6-MDR1组的MDR1 mRNA和P-gp蛋白表达和功能均显著下降（ P <0.05）,对阿霉素的耐药性显著降低（ P <0.05）。结论：MDR1基因下调可逆转人白血病阿霉素耐药细胞株对阿霉素的耐药性。     

靶向人胃癌SGC7901/VCR细胞多药耐药基因1小分子干扰RNA的有效序列筛选

目的筛选靶向人胃癌SGC7901/VCR细胞多药耐药基因1(MDR1)小分子干扰RNA(siRNA)的有效序列。方法设计并体外转录靶向MDR1的4条siRNA(MDR1si326、MDR1si1513、MDR1si2631和MDR1si3071),转染SGC7901/VCR细胞。用RT PCR检测MDR1mRNA表达,免疫印迹检测P糖蛋白(P gp)表达,流式细胞仪检测细胞内阿霉素(ADR)蓄积,四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞对ADR的敏感性。结果4条siRNA均能不同程度逆转SGC7901/VCR细胞MDR1介导的多药耐药。转染后48h,MDR1si326组和MDR1si2631组的mRNA表达水平分别为0.42±0.07和0.49±0.02,较MDR1si1513或MDR1si3071组明显下降(P<0.05);MDR1si326组细胞内ADR蓄积最显著,中位数为30.03,MDR1si2631组次之,MDR1si3071组较少,MDR1si1513组最少(P<0.05);MDR1si2631组对ADR耐药的相对逆转率最高,为(98.12±0.26)%,MDR1si326组次之(P<0.05),MDR1si1513组和MDR1si3071组的差别不大(P>0.05)。转染后72h,MDR1si326组蛋白质表达水平下降最明显。结论MDR1si326对人胃癌SGC7901/VCR细胞MDR1介导的耐药逆转效果最好,MDR1si2631次之,MDR1si3071较差,MDR1si1513最差。     

环氧合酶-2选择性抑制剂塞莱昔布调节胃癌细胞多药耐药性的实验研究

 目的 观测环氧合酶-2（COX-2）抑制剂塞莱昔布（Celecoxib）对多药耐药细胞株SGC7901／VCR多药耐药（MDR）的逆转及P-糖蛋白（P-gp）的调变作用，探讨COX-2对胃癌细胞MDR调节作用。方法 以长春新碱（VCR）诱导的人胃癌多药耐药细胞SGC7901／VCR为研究对象，应用流式细胞术、MTT法及免疫细胞化学方法研究COX-2抑制剂塞莱昔布对耐药性的逆转作用及对P-gp的调变作用。结果 MTT显示塞莱昔布明显抑制SGC7901、SGC7901／VCR细胞的生长，并呈时间、剂量依赖性。经非细胞毒剂量（2.5 μmol／L）的塞莱昔布作用后，SGC7901／VCR细胞的多药耐药性得到部分逆转，表现为靶细胞对多种化疗药物的敏感性显著增加，逆转倍数为1.09 ~ 6.28；流式细胞仪分析发现，塞莱昔布介导的SGC7901／VCR细胞耐药性的逆转伴有胞内多柔比星浓度的升高；免疫细胞化学研究显示，经塞莱昔布作用后耐药株SGC7901／VCR表达P-gp强度下降。结论 塞莱昔布能有效地抑制肿瘤细胞的生长，且部分逆转SGC7901／VCR细胞的多药耐药性，其可能主要通过影响P-gp的药物泵功能实现。     

载体表达小干扰RNA逆转卵巢癌的多药耐药

目的:探讨载体表达的小干扰RNA(smallinterferingRNA,siRNA)逆转卵巢癌细胞多药耐药的可行性。方法:浓度梯度诱导法建立人卵巢癌阿霉素耐药细胞株OVCAR/AR;脂质体介导将MDR1特异性siRNA的表达载体(pSN/mdr1a和pSN/mdr1b)转染OVCAR/AR细胞;实时定量RT-PCR检测MDRlmRNA的表达;流式细胞术检测P-gp的表达,罗丹明试验检测P-gp的药物转运功能;MTT法检测OVCAR/AR细胞对化疗药的抵抗性。结果:转染pSN/mdr1a和pSN/mdr1b后,OVCAR/AR细胞的MDR1mRNA和P-gp的表达均显著下降,P-gp的转运功能减少,OVCAR/AR细胞对阿霉素、泰素的耐药性逆转。结论:载体表达的siRNA可持久有效地抑制卵巢癌耐药细胞MDR1mRNA和P-gp的表达,并逆转其多药耐药。     

人核糖体蛋白S13(RPS13)编码基因的克隆及其正反义核酸转染胃癌细胞的初步研究

目的：扩增人核糖体蛋白S13（RPS13）编码基因序列，构建其正，反义真核表达载体，分别转染胃癌细胞SGC7901及胃癌耐药细胞SGC7901/VCR，以进一步研究RPS13基因与胃癌多药耐药的关系。方法：采用RT-PCR法扩增RPS13cDNA片段编码区全长序列，利用DNA重组技术的建正，反义真核表达载体，经脂质体介导转染胃癌细胞SGC7901及胃癌耐药细胞SGC7901/VCR，筛选正，反义基因稳定转染细胞，RNA斑点杂交法检测正，反义稳定转染细胞mRNA水平的变化。结果：从高表达RPS13的SGC7901/VCR耐药细胞中提取细胞总RNA，RT-PCR法成功扩增了RPS13cDNA片段编码区全长序列，并经测序证实；目的基因因按正，反两个方向亚克隆至真核表达载体pcDNA3.1( ),并经酶切鉴定证实；经脂质体介导将正义真核表达载体转染SGC7901细胞，反义真核表达载体转染SGC7901/VCR细胞，G418筛选获得稳定转染细胞；RNA斑点杂交试验证实；正义稳定转染细胞RPS13mRNA水平上调，反义稳定转染细胞RPS13mRNA水平下调。结论：成功克隆了人RPS13编码基因序列，并构建了其正，反义真核表达载体，在胃癌细胞系SGC7901及长春新碱耐药细胞SGC7901/VCR中得到稳定转染细胞，正义转染细胞中RPS13mRNA表达明显增加，反义转染细胞中表达明显受抑。     

EMT经p38-MAPK调节乳腺癌MCF-7细胞P-gp介导的多药耐药

摘 要　目的：探讨乳腺癌细胞中上皮间质转化（epithelial-mesenchymal transition, EMT）与P-糖蛋白（P-glucoprotein, P-gp）介导的多药耐药（multidrug resistance, MDR）的关系及其可能的机制。方法：将携Snail基因的真核表达载体pcDNA-Snail转染人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7,用多柔比星（doxorubicin, DOX）诱导各组细胞耐药。免疫细胞荧光检测上皮标志物E-钙黏素（E-cadherin）、间质标志物波形蛋白（vimentin）以及P-gp的表达,MTT检测耐药细胞的增殖,RT-PCR检测Snail、MDR1、p38-MAPK mRNA的表达。结果：细胞免疫荧光显示,转染pcDNA-Snail载体后,MCF-7细胞发生EMT,E-cadherin表达显著降低,vimentin表达显著升高;P-gp在发生EMT的MCF-7细胞中表达显著升高。经DOX诱导,MCF-7/Snail细胞的耐药能力较MCF-7/DOX细胞显著增强（P<0.05）。RT-PCR显示,MCF-7细胞发生EMT后,p38-MAPK表达显著升高（P<0.05）,MDR1表达较亲本细胞明显升高（P<0.01）。结论：MCF-7细胞发生EMT后,可能通过p38-MAPK引发P-gp介导的MDR。     

胃癌耐药细胞多药耐药基因表达上调中AP-1作用的研究

目的：探讨人胃腺癌阿霉素耐药细胞系SGC7901／ADR中多药耐药（multi drug resistance，MDR）产生机制，为胃癌多药耐药机制的研究提供新靶点。方法：采用MTT法测定3种常用化疗药物顺铂、表柔比星、5-氟尿嘧啶在人胃癌细胞系SGC7901及其阿霉素耐药细胞系SGC7901／ADR中的作用；应用反转录聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）技术检测SGC7901和SGC7901／ADR中mdr1、c—Jun的mRNA表达情况；转录因子AP-1分别转染入SGC7901和SGC7901／ADR中，应用双荧光素报告基因检测系统（Dual—Lucikrase reporter assay system）检测其活性；Westem Blot法检测P-gp、c-Jun在蛋白水平的表达。结果：SGC7901与SGC7901／ADR在化疗药物顺铂、表柔比星、5-氟尿嘧啶的不同浓度下作用72小时后，发现SGC7901／ADR中细胞的生存率无明显改变，而SGC7901的生存率却有显著的下降趋势；在mRNA水平对mdrl基因进行检测，SGC7901／ADR中的多药耐药基因的表达显著高于SGC7901，而P-gp在蛋白水平的检测中显示SGC7901／ADR相对与SGC7901，表达活性有明显升高；转录因子AP-1的表达分别在SGC7901及SGC7901／ADR中检测到．但SGC7901／ADR中AP-1的活性明显高于SGC7901；AP-1的主要组成成份c—Jun在SGC7901和SGC7901／ADR做mRNA及蛋白水平的检测，结果显示在SGC7901中禾发现c-Jun的明显表达，而SGC7901／ADR中c—Jun的表达活性均显著升高。结论：在人胃腺癌阿霉素耐药细胞系SGC7901／ADR中有MDR的产生，同时伴多药耐药基因上调；转录因子AP—1的活性表达与胃癌细胞的多药耐药性密切相关，AP—1的表达高低可能是其形成机制之一。     

MDR1及MDR3短发夹RNA逆转乳腺癌细胞阿霉素耐药的实验研究

目的 研究靶向多药耐药(MDR)1及MDR3基因的短发夹RNA(shRNA)在逆转人乳腺癌阿霉素耐药细胞株MCF-7/Adr耐药中的作用.方法 真核质粒介导的针对MDR1及MDR3基因的shRNA转染细胞,空载体转染作为对照.Annexin-Ⅴ和PI双标法、流式细胞术、四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)、逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)、免疫组化分别检测细胞凋亡、细胞内阿霉素蓄积、细胞增殖活性及对阿霉素的IC50、MDR1及MDR3 mRNA及P-糖蛋白(P-gp)表达.结果 转染后,MDR1组及MDR3组MCF-7/Adr细胞凋亡率分别为30.21%±1.65%和22.07%±2.17%,与未转染组和空载体转染组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);MCF-7/Adr细胞内的阿霉素积聚浓度显著增加;MCF-7/Adr细胞存活率显著下降,MCF-7/Adr细胞对阿霉素IC50显著降低;相对于空载体转染组,MCF-7/Adr细胞中MDR1和MDR3 mRNA最高分别下降89.5%±0.8%和85.1%±1.2%,mRNA下降水平与孵育时间有关;P-gp表达明显降低,与未转染组和空载体转染组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 shRNA可特异性地沉默MDR1及MDR3基因的表达,逆转P-gp介导的乳腺癌细胞阿霉素耐药,而MDR1的这种作用更为显著.     

Clinical significance and correlation of miR-200c and P-gp expression in gastric cancer and the effects on multidrug resistance

BackgroundPoor prognosis is common in gastric cancer patients due to multidrug resistance (MDR)-induced recurrence and metastasis. In the present study, we investigated the expression of microRNA (miR)-200c in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines and its relationship with the expression of the drug resistant gene ABCB1, which encodes P-glycoprotein (P-gp).MethodsThe basic characteristics of 102 patients with gastric cancer were reviewed. Real time-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunohistochemistry, and Western blot were employed to detect the expression levels of miR-200c and P-gp in gastric carcinoma tissues and cell lines. The correlation of miR-200c messenger RNA (mRNA) level with clinicopathological characteristics and P-gp protein expression were analyzed. SGC7901/vincristine (VCR) cells were transfected with miR-200c mimics or a specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the ABCB1 gene. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and flow cytometry were used to determine the role of miR-200c and ABCB1 on the viability and apoptosis of gastric carcinoma cell lines.ResultsThe level of miR-200c in carcinoma tissues was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues, and the expression level of P-gp in carcinoma tissues was obviously higher than that in adjacent tissues (P<0.01, P=0.029). The expression levels of miR-200c and P-gp were associated with the malignant characteristics of gastric cancer, and patients with high expression of miR-200c or negative expression of P-gp had a better prognosis (P=0.006, P=0.022). MiR-200c negatively regulated the ABCB1 gene in gastric cancer cell lines. MiR-200c overexpression and ABCB1 down-regulation increased the sensitivity of SGC7901/VCR cells to VCR and reversed MDR by promoting cell apoptosis.ConclusionsThe expression level of miR-200c decreases in gastric carcinoma tissues and drug-resistant gastric cancer SGC7901/VCR cells. Overexpression of miR-200c may enhance the sensitivity of SGC7901/VCR cells to VCR by regulating the expression of P-gp.     

P-糖蛋白、谷胱甘肽-s转移酶的表达与胃癌细胞耐药的关系研究

目的初步探索胃癌多药耐药细胞系SGC7901／VCR的耐药机制。方法间歇诱导法,胃癌细胞系SGC7901经长春新碱（VCR）短时间诱导后,对长春新碱产生耐药。MTT法检测对VCR、5-氟尿嘧啶、表阿霉索的耐药性。Western blot检测P-糖蛋白（P—glucoprotein,P—gp）、谷胱甘肽-s转移酶（ghtathione—s transferring enzyme,GST—s）的表达。结果耐药细胞SGC7901／VCR对长春新碱耐药提高16．56倍,此耐药株同时对5-氟尿嘧啶、表阿霉素呈交叉耐药,耐药指数分别达6．9、13．05。SGC7901／VCR的P—gP、GST—s出现表达增强。结论长春新碱短时间诱导后,SGC7901产生多药耐药性（multi—drug resistance,MDR）,且P—gp、GST—s表达增强。反之,抑制P—gP、GsT—s蛋白的表达,则有可能降低细胞耐药从而逆转胃癌MDR。     

甲基莲心碱对耐长春新碱人胃癌细胞多药耐药性逆转机制的初步研究

目的探讨新的钙阻断剂甲基莲心碱(Nef)对耐长春新碱人胃癌细胞多药耐药性(MDR)的逆转作用及其机制。方法采用MTT比色法,检测药物的细胞毒作用;应用免疫细胞化学SP法及流式细胞术,检测Nef对人胃癌细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响。结果 10μmol/L Nef对SGC7901及SGC7901/VCR无显著细胞毒作用;2.5、5、10μmol/L Nef能使VCR对SGC7901/VCR细胞的IC50从2.32μg/ml依次下降至0.340、0.128、0.053μg/ml,逆转倍数分别为6.8、18.1、43.8。当Nef浓度为10μmol/L时,逆转SGC7901/VCR多药耐药活性较VRP高(P<0.01);SGC7901/VCR细胞中Bcl-2蛋白表达水平较SGC7901细胞高,经Nef处理后,SGC7901/VCR细胞中Bcl-2蛋白表达水平明显下降,表明Nef能下调SGC7901/VCR细胞中Bcl-2蛋白表达水平。结论甲基莲心碱在体外能逆转耐长春新碱人胃癌细胞(SGC7901/VCR)的多药耐药性,其机制可能与下调Bcl-2蛋白表达水平有关。     

Overexpression and significance of prion protein in gastric cancer and multidrug-resistant gastric carcinoma cell line SGC7901/ADR

In our previous work, cellular prion protein (PrPc) was identified as an upregulated gene in adriamycin-resistant gastric carcinoma cell line SGC7901/ADR compared to its parental cell line SGC7901. Here we investigate the expression of PrPc in gastric cancer and whether it was involved in multidrug resistance (MDR) of gastric cancer. We demonstrated that PrPc was ubiquitously expressed in gastric cancer cell lines and tissues. PrPc conferred resistance of both P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-related and P-gp-nonrelated drugs on SGC7901, which was accompanied by decreased accumulation and increased releasing amount of adriamycin in PrPc-overexpressing cell line. Inhibition of PrPc expression by antisense or RNAi technology could partially reverse multidrug-resistant phenotype of SGC7901/ADR. PrPc significantly upregulated the expression of the classical MDR-related molecule P-gp but not multidrug resistance associated protein and glutathione S-transferase pi. The PrPc-induced MDR could be partially reversed by P-gp inhibitor verapamil. PrPc could also suppress adriamycin-induced apoptosis and alter the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax, which might be another pathway contributing to PrPc-related MDR. The further study of the biological functions of PrPc may be helpful for understanding the mechanisms of occurrence and development of clinical gastric carcinoma and PrPc-related MDR and developing possible strategies to treat gastric cancer.     

CIAPIN1 confers multidrug resistance by upregulating the expression of MDR-1 and MRP-1 in gastric cancer cells

In a previous study, we observed that cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1), a newly identified apoptosis inhibitor, was upregulated at the mRNA level in a multidrug-resistant gastric cancer cell line SGC7901/VCR. The aim of this study was to explore the role of CIAPIN1 in the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) in gastric cancer cells. Upregulation of CIAPIN1 in MDR gastric cancer cells was confirmed by semiquantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. Using cDNA transfection and RNA interference, we successfully established stable transfectants with upregulation (i.e., SGC7901-pCIAPIN1) or downregulation (i.e., SGC7901-pSiCIAPIN1 and SGC7901/ADR-pSiCIAPIN1) of CIAPIN1 expression, respectively. In vitro drug sensitivity assay demonstrated that overexpression of CIAPIN1 conferred MDR in SGC7901 cells whereas downregulation of CIAPIN1 sensitized SGC7901 and SGC7901/ADR cells to anticancer drugs. CIAPIN1 protected both SGC7901 and SGC7901/ADR cells from ADR-induced apoptosis and reduced intracellular accumulation and retention of adriamycin. Moreover, expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp or MDR-1, a product of MDR-1 gene) and MDR-related protein-1 (MRP-1) was upregulated by CIAPIN1. In addition, Western blotting revealed that CIAPIN1 decreased the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and p53. Therefore, it is concluded that CIAPIN1 confers MDR in gastric cancer cells, likely by upregulating MDR-1 and MRP-1.