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1.
目的 探讨替罗非班联合阿司匹林和氯吡格雷治疗糖尿病合并急性心肌梗死的临床研究。方法 选择2018年6月—2020年2月在河北港口集团有限公司港口医院行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的112例糖尿病合并急性心肌梗死患者,将其随机分为三联组(n=56)和二联组(n=56)。二联组口服阿司匹林肠溶片300 mg/d和氯吡格雷片300 mg/d,PCI后给予阿司匹林肠溶片100 mg/d和氯吡格雷片75 mg/d,服用6个月。三联组在二联组的基础上静脉滴注替罗非班注射液,起始0.5 h内以0.4 μg/(kg·min)的速率滴注,之后维持滴注的速率变为0.1 μg/(kg·min)。比较两组临床疗效、血糖水平[餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、空腹血糖(FPG)]、心功能指标[左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室短轴缩短分数(LVFS)]、血小板活化参数(CD62P、CD63)及出血不良事件发生情况。结果 治疗后,观察组的总有效率为91.07%,显著高于对照组的76.79%(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者FPG、2 h PG较治疗前差异无统计学意义。治疗后,两组患者LVFS、LVEF较治疗前显著升高(P<0.05);且三联组患者LVFS、LVEF显著高于二联组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者CD62P、CD63较治疗前显著下降(P<0.05);且三联组患者CD62P、CD63显著低于二联组(P<0.05)。两组出血不良事件发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论 替罗非班联合阿司匹林和氯吡格雷治疗糖尿病合并急性心肌梗死患者短期疗效较好,能够改善患者心功能,降低血小板活化水平,且对患者的血糖水平无明显影响,不会增加出血不良事件发生率,值得进一步研究和推广。  相似文献   

2.
目的 探讨华佗再造丸联合硫酸氢氯吡格雷片治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法 选取2020年11月—2022年12月三亚中心医院收治的100例急性脑梗死患者,按照随机数字表法将患者分为对照组(50例)和治疗组(50例)。对照组口服硫酸氢氯吡格雷片,1片/次,1次/d。在对照组的基础上,治疗组口服华佗再造丸,4 g/次,2次/d。两组均用药14 d。观察两组患者临床疗效,比较治疗前后两组患者症状改善时间,神经损伤脑卒中(NIHSS)评分,血清炎性因子白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、血管内皮生长因子-A(VEGF-A)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平。结果 治疗后,治疗组总有效率为94.00%,明显高于对照组(86.00%,P<0.05)。治疗组头痛、眩晕、肢体麻木、耳鸣改善时间均明显短于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组神经功能损伤程度NIHSS评分明显下降(P<0.05),且治疗组NIHSS评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组血清炎性因子VEGF-A明显升高,而IL-6、TNF-α和Hcy水平明显降低(P<0.05),且治疗组上述血清炎性因子水平均明显好于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 华佗再造丸联合硫酸氢氯吡格雷片治疗急性脑梗死效果确切,能有效恢复神经功能损伤,明显改善症状,有效降低炎性反应,对预后改善有利。  相似文献   

3.
目的 探讨养心氏片联合盐酸替罗非班氯化钠注射液治疗急性心肌梗死的临床疗效。方法 选取2019年3月-2020年12月海南西部中心医院收治的97例急性心肌梗死患者,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(48例)和治疗组(49例)。对照组静脉滴注盐酸替罗非班氯化钠注射液,0.4 μg/(kg·min)静脉输注30 min,继以0.1 μg/(kg·min)持续静脉滴注72 h。治疗组在对照组的基础上口服养心氏片,3片/次,3次/d。两组均治疗7 d。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组的心肌梗死面积、心肌酶谱指标、血液流变学指标、氧化应激指标和心血管不良事件(MACE)。结果 治疗后,治疗组的总有效率93.88%高于对照组的总有效率72.92%(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)下降,左心室射血分数(LVEF)升高(P<0.05),且治疗组LVEDD、LVESD低于对照组,LVEF高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组心肌梗死面积缩小,肌酸激酶(CK)、肌钙蛋白I (cTnI)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)水平下降(P<0.05),且治疗组心肌梗死面积小于对照组,CK、cTnI、CK-MB水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组全血低切黏度、全血高切黏度、血浆黏度、纤维蛋白原均下降(P<0.05),且治疗组患者全血低切黏度、全血高切黏度、血浆黏度、纤维蛋白原低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组丙二醛(MDA)水平下降,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)水平升高(P<0.05),且治疗组MDA水平低于对照组,SOD、GSH水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组患者的MACE发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 养心氏片联合盐酸替罗非班氯化钠注射液治疗急性心肌梗死可缩小心肌梗死面积,改善心肌酶谱指标和血液流变学指标,减轻机体氧化应激。  相似文献   

4.
目的 探讨通塞脉片联合硫酸氢氯吡格雷片治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法 选取2020年1月—2023年3月阜阳市中医医院收治的108例急性脑梗死患者,按随机数字法将患者分对照组(54例)和治疗组(54例)。对照组患者口服硫酸氢氯吡格雷片,75 mg/次,1次/d。在对照组的基础上,治疗组口服通塞脉片,5片/次,3次/d。两组患者均治疗14 d。观察两组患者临床疗效,比较治疗前后两组患者症状好转时间,美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)和Fugl-Meyer运动功能表(FMA)评分,血清炎性因子白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平及不良反应。结果 治疗后;治疗组患者总有效率(98.15%)明显高于对照组(83.33%,P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组症状好转时间均早于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组NIHSS评分明显降低,而FMA评分明显升高(P<0.05),且治疗组评分明显好于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者血清炎性因子IL-6、Hcy水平明显降低(P<0.05),且治疗组明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组不良反应总发生率(5.56%)明显低于对照组(12.96%,P<0.05)。结论 通塞脉片联合硫酸氢氯吡格雷片治疗急性脑梗死疗效确切,可有效改善临床症状,纠正脑神经损伤状态,并减弱机体炎性反应,增强患者运动功能。  相似文献   

5.
目的 探讨阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷对急性心肌梗死急诊经皮冠脉介入治疗(PCI)术后心功能的影响。方法 选择2014年10月-2016年10月,在新疆阿克苏地区第一人民医院急诊科收治的142例急性心肌梗死患者为研究对象,均行PCI术治疗;根据药物治疗方法的不同分为对照组(n=71)和联合组(n=71);对照组术前术后在常规治疗的基础上给予氯吡格雷;联合组在对照组治疗的基础上给予阿司匹林辅助治疗。持续治疗12个月。比较两组的临床效果,两组术后心功能指标及高敏C蛋白含量变化。结果 两组术后冠脉造影在梗死部位均无血栓影,同时两组1个月内的治疗总有效率分别为90.14%和81.69%,相比差异无统计学意义。两组术后12个月再血栓发生率分别为1.41%和12.68%,联合组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合组治疗后患者心功能明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组在治疗后24 h、72 h、7 d血清hs-CRP含量显著低于治疗前,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);联合组在治疗后24 h、72 h、7 d血清hs-CRP含量显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷可有效减少PCI术后再血栓的发生,改善急性术后心功能的恢复,降低机体炎性免疫反应。  相似文献   

6.
目的 探讨曲美他嗪联合氯吡格雷对急性心肌梗死患者心功能和血清巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子(MIF)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平的影响。方法 选取2017年5月—2019年5月在武汉市红十字会医院治疗的老年急性心肌梗死患者96例作为研究对象,将患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各48例。对照组口服硫酸氢氯吡格雷片,75 mg/次,1次/d。观察组在对照组基础上口服盐酸曲美他嗪片,20 mg/次,3次/d。两组均治疗1个月。比较两组患者的左室射血分数(LVEF)、心输出量(CO)及左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)等心功能指标水平、MIF、IL-10水平及药物安全性。结果 治疗后,两组LVEF、CO水平显著升高,LVEDD水平显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组LVEF、CO水平显著高于对照组,而观察LVEDD水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗后血清MIF和血清IL-10水平均显著低于治疗前,同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后血清MIF和IL-10水平均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后心律失常、心源性休克及出血发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 曲美他嗪联合氯吡格雷用于急性心肌梗死患者中能改善患者心功能,降低MIF和IL-10水平,且不增加不良反应及不良心脏事件的发生率,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。  相似文献   

7.
王晓琳  吴彦 《安徽医药》2018,39(7):881-884
目的 探讨老年急性冠脉综合征患者经皮冠脉介入治疗(PCI)围手术期阿司匹林联合替格瑞洛抗血小板聚集的有效性和安全性。方法 选取2014年1月至2017年1月就诊于芜湖市第一人民医院心内科,年龄≥65岁且通过临床表现、冠脉造影确诊为急性冠脉综合征(ACS)的患者80例,根据PCI围术期治疗药物选择不同分为两组,接受阿司匹林联合替格瑞洛治疗的为替格瑞洛组(40例),接受阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷治疗的为氯吡格雷组(40例),PCI术后随访1年。比较两组患者手术前后心肌梗死溶栓试验(TIMI)血流分级,及术后随访期内主要不良心血管事件、出血事件及药物不良反应等情况。结果 两组患者均顺利完成手术。替格瑞洛组PCI术后TIMI血流改善程度较氯吡格雷组好(替格瑞洛组术后TIMI血流3级增加22例,氯吡格雷组术后TIMI血流3级仅增加5例),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);替格瑞洛组术后1年内主要不良心血管事件发生4例,少于氯吡格雷组的12例,肌酐值升高发生1例少于氯吡格雷组的8例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者术后出血风险和其他不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 阿司匹林联合替格瑞洛在老年ACS患者PCI围手术期中抗血小板聚集的有效性和安全性较好。  相似文献   

8.
目的 探讨麝香心脑乐片联合硫酸氢氯吡格雷片对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的临床疗效。方法 选取2019年1月—2020年12月郑州大学第五附属医院收治的98例急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组,每组各49例。对照组患者口服硫酸氢氯吡格雷片,300 mg/次,1次/d,连续服用7 d后改为75 mg/次,1次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服麝香心脑乐片,3片/次,3次/d。两组均持续治疗24周。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组的心功能、心肌损伤标志物以及血清血管紧张素Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)、内皮素-1(ET-1)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)水平。结果 治疗后,治疗组总有效率为91.84%,高于对照组的总有效率73.47%(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组左心室射血分数(LVEF)均高于治疗前,左心室舒张末期容积内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期容积内径(LVESD)均小于治疗前(P<0.05);且治疗组LVEF高于对照组,LVEDD、LVESD均小于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组血清心肌钙蛋白(cTnI)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)水平均低于治疗前(P<0.05);且治疗组血清cTnI、CK-MB水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组血清Ang Ⅱ、ET-1、TNF-α水平均低于治疗前(P<0.05);且治疗组血清Ang Ⅱ、ET-1、TNF-α水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 麝香心脑乐片联合硫酸氢氯吡格雷片治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死临床疗效肯定,能改善心功能,调节血清cTnI、CK-MB、Ang Ⅱ、ET-1、TNF-α水平,且临床应用安全性较好。  相似文献   

9.
廖磊  李明浩  张辉 《现代药物与临床》2022,37(11):2501-2505
目的 观察中风回春片联合硫酸氢氯吡格雷片治疗急性脑梗死恢复期的临床疗效。方法 选取2020年3月—2021年8月南阳市第二人民医院收治的120例急性脑梗死恢复期患者,采用随机数字表法将所有患者分为对照组和治疗组,每组各60例。对照组患者口服硫酸氢氯吡格雷片,75mg/次,1次/d。治疗组患者在对照组基础上口服中风回春片,5片/次,3次/d。两组均连续治疗4周。观察两组临床疗效,比较两组的Barthel指数(BI)评分、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、血清炎性因子、神经营养指标、神经损伤指标。结果 治疗后,治疗组的总有效率(91.67%)明显高于对照组的总有效率(75.00%),组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组NIHSS评分下降,BI评分升高(P<0.05),且治疗组BI评分高于对照组,NIHSS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组血清白细胞介素-17(IL-17)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平均下降,转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)水平均升高(P<0.05),且治疗组血清IL-17、IL-1β、hs-CRP水平低于对照组,TGF-β水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组血清脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)水平均升高(P<0.05),且治疗组血清BDNF、IGF-1、bFGF水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组血清血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)、心型脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)、神经损伤指标神经肽Y(NPY)水平均下降(P<0.05),且治疗组血清SAA、H-FABP、NPY水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 中风回春片联合硫酸氢氯吡格雷片治疗急性脑梗死恢复期的疗效显著,可提高患者的生活自理能力,促进其神经功能恢复,调节血清炎性因子、神经营养指标、神经损伤指标水平。  相似文献   

10.
目的 探讨不同剂量氯吡格雷联合阿魏酸哌嗪分散片治疗老年冠心病不稳定心绞痛的临床效果。方法 选取2015年8月—2017年8月在平煤神马医疗集团总医院就诊的老年冠心病不稳定心绞痛患者120例,按照入院先后顺序分为观察组(n=60)和对照组(n=60),两组患者均给予口服阿魏酸哌嗪分散片100 mg,3次/d,同时对照组和观察组患者分别给予氯吡格雷75 mg/d和150 mg/d。比较两组临床效果、心绞痛发作频率和持续时间、心功能指标及不良反应发生率。结果 与对照组总有效率76.67%比较,观察组总有效率91.67%显著升高(P<0.05)。治疗后两组心绞痛发作频率和持续时间均较治疗前显著减少(P<0.05);且观察组心绞痛发作频率和持续时间显著少于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后两组心输出量(CO)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、每搏量(SV)均较治疗前显著升高(P<0.05),左室舒张末内径(LVDD)较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05);且观察组心功能指标(CO、LVEF、LVDD和SV)变化更为显著(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率(10.00% vs 8.33%)比较,差异不显著。结论 大剂量(150 mg/d)氯吡格雷联合阿魏酸哌嗪分散片可有效提高老年冠心病不稳定心绞痛的临床疗效,并改善心功能。  相似文献   

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Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.
Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.
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This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.  相似文献   

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Abstract

The uptake of metals from food and water sources by insects is thought to be additive. For a given metal, the proportions taken up from water and food will depend both on the bioavailable concentration of the metal associated with each source and the mechanism and rate by which the metal enters the insect. Attempts to correlate insect trace metal concentrations with the trophic level of insects should be made with a knowledge of the feeding relationships of the individual taxa concerned. Pathways for the uptake of essential metals, such as copper and zinc, exist at the cellular level, and other nonessential metals, such as cadmium, also appear to enter via these routes. Within cells, trace metals can be bound to proteins or stored in granules. The internal distribution of metals among body tissues is very heterogeneous, and distribution patterns tend to be both metal and taxon specific. Trace metals associated with insects can be both bound on the surface of their chitinous exoskeleton and incorporated into body tissues. The quantities of trace meals accumulated by an individual reflect the net balance between the rate of metal influx from both dissolved and particulate sources and the rate of metal efflux from the organism. The toxicity of metals has been demonstrated at all levels of biological organization: cell, tissue, individual, population, and community. Much of the literature pertaining to the toxic effects of metals on aquatic insects is based on laboratory observations and, as such, it is difficult to extrapolate the data to insects in nature. The few experimental studies in nature suggest that trace metal contaminants can affect both the distribution and the abundance of aquatic insects. Insects have a largely unexploited potential as biomonitors of metal contamination in nature. A better understanding of the physico-chemical and biological mechanisms mediating trace metal bioavailability and exchange will facilitate the development of general predictive models relating trace metal concentrations in insects to those in their environment. Such models will facilitate the use of insects as contaminant biomonitors.  相似文献   

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The precocity and efficacy of the vaccines developed so far against COVID-19 has been the most significant and saving advance against the pandemic. The development of vaccines has not prevented, during the whole period of the pandemic, the constant search for therapeutic medicines, both among existing drugs with different indications and in the development of new drugs. The Scientific Committee of the COVID-19 of the Illustrious College of Physicians of Madrid wanted to offer an early, simplified and critical approach to these new drugs, to new developments in immunotherapy and to what has been learned from the immune response modulators already known and which have proven effective against the virus, in order to help understand the current situation.  相似文献   

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Advances in the molecular biological knowledge of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have led to a growing interest by the pharmaceutical industry in the development of novel compounds that selectively modulate nAChR function. The ability of (-)-nicotine, an activator of nAChRs, to enhance attentional aspects of cognition in animals and humans, to exert neuroprotective and anxiolytic-like effects, and presumably to mediate the negative correlation between smoking and Alzheimer's (and Parkinson's) Disease, has focused interest on the potential therapeutic utility of modulators of nAChR function for treatment of some of the deficits associated with these progressive, neurodegenerative conditions. Numerous compounds are known which activate nAChRs and which might serve as lead compounds toward the development of such agents. The pharmacologic diversity of neuronal nAChR subtypes suggests the possibility of developing selective compounds which would have more favourable side-effect profiles than existing agents. This broader class of agents, collectively called cholinergic channel modulators (ChCMs), is anticipated to encompass compounds which would have more favourable side-effect profiles than existing agents, which generally exhibit low selectivity. This selectivity may be achieved by preferentially activating some subtypes of nAChRs (i.e., Cholinergic Channel Activators, ChCAs) or inhibiting the function of other subtypes (Cholinergic Channel Inhibitors, ChCIs). An overview of the biology of nAChRs and the rationale for the use of ChCMs for the treatment of dementia related to neurodegenerative diseases are presented, followed by a discussion of lead compounds and compounds under consideration for clinical evaluation.  相似文献   

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In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins.  相似文献   

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