造血器官及血液疾病

06236065例中国非亲缘性脐血造血干细胞移植的回顾研究/廖灿…∥中华儿科杂志.-2006,44(3).-220～22365例受者中白血病49例,遗传缺陷性疾病16例,男性42例,受者中位年龄10岁。HILA-A、B、DRBI匹配全相结合9例,1个位点不合43例。总有核细胞(TNC)中位输入量为5.7×107/kg,植入率77     

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1资料和方法1.1一般资料患儿男,7岁。确诊为高危型急性淋巴细胞白血病,予诱导化疗后达完全缓解(CR),继巩固治疗及早期强化。脐血移植前患儿巨细胞病毒(CMV)抗体阴性,CMV-pp65抗原阴性。患儿处于CR期已4个月,本院于2004年6月对其进行了HLA不全相合非亲缘供者脐血移植。脐血来自广州脐血库,供受者HLA分型显示HLA-DRB1有1个位点不合,供受者ABO血型主要不合。1.2方法预处理方案:氟达拉滨每日30mg/kg用5d,环磷酰胺每日60mg/kg用2d,马利兰每日4mg/kg用2d,抗胸腺球蛋白每日3mg/kg用3d。脐血移植:脐血复温后总有核细胞数1·22×109,输注供…     

脐血总有核细胞数对脐血移植疗效的影响

目的：探讨脐血总有核细胞（TNC）剂量对脐血移植疗效的影响。方法：34例血液病患儿接受脐血移植,按照输注平均脐血总TNC数分为3组: TNC>10×107/kg 组7例、10×107/kg >TNC≥7×107/kg组9例、TNC10×107/kg 组7例,均获得长期稳定植入,平均中性粒细胞计数（ANC）>0.5×109/L时间为14.8（12~20）d,PLT>50×109/L时间为52.3（26~86）d,处于无病存活状态。10×107/kg >TNC≥7×107/kg组9例,7例获得植入,平均ANC>0.5×109/L时间为16.4（11~30）d,PLT>50×109/L时间为63.7 (34~140) d;4例获得长期稳定植入,无病存活;2例重型β-地中海贫血患者植入后出现排斥,恢复自身造血;1例植入后死亡;1例移植后早期死亡。TNC0.5×109/L时间为19.5（10~29）d,PLT>50×109/L时间为70.1 (47~116) d;8例长期稳定植入,无病存活,2例重型β-地中海贫血患者在植入后出现移植排斥,自身造血功能恢复;6例植入后死亡;2例未植入。结论：脐血TNC剂量是影响脐血移植中造血干细胞植入时间和嵌合状态的重要因素。增加输注的TNC细胞数可提高脐血移植成功率。［中国当代儿科杂志,2010,12（7）：551-556］     

非血缘相关脐血移植治疗儿童高危白血病的临床观察

目的：非血缘脐血具有快速寻求、容易得到和HLA配型不严格的特点，该文进行了非血缘相关脐血移植（UD-UCBT）治疗儿童恶性白血病的研究并探讨其疗效问题。方法：对6例难治性白血病患儿，包括3例急性淋巴细胞白血病（2例高危CR1，1例标危CR2），2例幼年慢性粒单细胞白血病（1例缓解期，1例加速期）和1例急性髓系白血病（AML- M5，CR1）进行了非血缘相关脐血移植，HLA高分辨1例全相合，1例5个位点相合，1例4个位点相合，3例3个位点相合。预处理选用白消安/环磷酰胺/ATG或全身放疗/环磷酰胺/ATG为主方案。于 0 d 回输脐血，有核细胞中位数为8.51×107/kg，CD34+细胞中位数为1.81×105/kg。预防移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）采用环孢霉素A、甲基泼尼松龙和骁悉或CD25单抗。结果：中性粒细胞绝对值（ANC）≥0.5×109/L和PLT≥20×109/L的中位天数分别是+13 d、+30 d，移植证据均为供者型。4例出现Ⅰ~Ⅲ度GVHD，均控制。随访中位时间12个月，未发生慢性GVHD，现存活4例血型均转为供者型，无复发。结论：脐血提供快速有效的造血干细胞，为治疗儿童白血病提供良好时机，非血缘相关脐血移植能耐受HLA多个位点不相合。急性GVHD发生率也较高，存在移植物抗白血病作用。     

标准化脐血筛选方法在脐血库中的应用

目的对广州脐血库脐血筛选结果进行回顾性分析,建立脐血筛选的标准化方法和探讨其在脐血库建立中的意义。方法对脐血供者从产妇或其旁系亲属医学病史到新生儿随访实行四步筛选程序,筛选内容包括遗传、血液病等病史、脐血采集量、总有核细胞数、细胞活率、凝块和病原学感染等。结果1998年6月至2004年12月共分娩27404例、采集脐血8350份,占总分娩量比率为30.47%。合格4085份,合格率为48.92%;废弃脐血4265份(占51.08%),废弃的主要原因依次为脐血采集量<60ml、血凝块、总有核细胞数、活率低。检疫期共废弃脐血46份(占1.11%);其中检出细菌阳性19例(占41.30%),巨细胞病毒抗体(CMV-lgM)阳性20例(占43.48%)。新生儿随访共发现15例异常,占0.37%。4085份脐血总有核细胞数平均为1.21×109,根据脐血有核细胞输入量3.7×107/kg体重计算,平均能适合32.7kg的受者移植;而按2.0×107/kg体重计算平均能适合60.5kg的受者移植。104例脐血移植中72例获得植入(69.2%)。结论脐血供者的标准化筛选方法可以排除可能存在的血液性、遗传性和传染性等疾病,确保移植用脐血的安全;并能为脐血库的建立节约采集、处理、冻存等费用,提高库存脐血的有效利用率。     

脐血移植治疗37例儿童恶性血液病的临床研究-单中心经验

目的 探讨脐血造血干细胞移植（UCBT）治疗儿童恶性血液病的疗效。方法 回顾性分析接受UCBT 的37 例恶性血液病患儿的临床资料，包括急性淋巴细胞性白血病14 例，急性髓细胞性白血病9 例，幼年粒单细胞白血病5 例，慢性粒细胞白血病和骨髓增生异常综合征各3 例，急性混合型白血病2 例，淋巴肉瘤性白血病1 例。其中34 例非血缘相关，3 例血缘相关。HLA 配型6/6 相合5 例，5/6 相合12 例，4/6 相合11 例，3/6 相合9 例。移植中位年龄5.7 岁，中位体重20 kg。结果 中性粒细胞和血小板植入中位天数分别是12 d 和25 d，植入率分别为95% 和78%。中性粒细胞植入率与CD34+ 细胞数呈正相关（P=0.011）。血小板植入率与CD34+ 细胞数和有核细胞数均有关（分别P=0.001、0.014）。急性移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）的发生率为49%，慢性GVHD 为11%。随访中位时间54 个月，5 年移植相关病死率、总生存率和无病生存率分别为27%、57%和41%。结论 脐血移植是快速获得的造血干细胞来源之一，为恶性疾病患儿争取了治疗时间。     

脐血移植治疗重型β地中海贫血的临床研究

目的探讨脐血移植(UCBT)治疗重型β-地中海贫血(简称β-地贫)的疗效.方法用人类白细胞抗原(HLA) 全相合或不全相合UCBT治疗重型β-地贫患儿12例.供受者的有核细胞(3.63～16.0)×107/kg,CD34+细胞(0.11～1.03)×106/kg,粒-巨噬细胞集落形成单位(0.17～1.18)×105/kg.移植的预处理方案HLA全相合的患儿采用马利兰+环磷酰胺+抗胸腺细胞球蛋白方案;HLA 2个位点不全相合者采用高剂量输血+连续静脉滴注去铁胺+羟基脲+氟达拉宾+马利兰+环磷酰胺+抗胸腺细胞球蛋白方案.结果 10例患儿获得植入,其中7例为长期稳定植入,3例植入后发生排斥;2例未能植入.获得植入的10例患儿均发生急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD),其中Ⅰ度aGVHD 7例,Ⅱ度aGVHD 3例.脱离地贫状态生存7例,血红蛋白始终维持正常.3例恢复地贫状态.2例未获植入的患儿1例发生移植后再生障碍性贫血,1例死于严重感染.结论 UCBT是目前β-地贫最有效的治疗手段.     

脐带造血干细胞移植治疗儿童恶性或非恶性疾病死亡分析

目的 探讨脐带造血干细胞移植治疗儿童恶性或非恶性疾病后患儿的常见死亡原因.方法 对本院采用脐带造血干细胞移植治疗的28例儿童恶性疾病或非恶性疾病患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析,包括24例恶性疾病和4例非恶性疾病.3例行同胞脐血干细胞移植,25例行异基因脐带造血干细胞移植,其中HLA高分辨全相合、5个位点相合各10例,4个位点相合5例,3个位点相合3例.预处理均采用清髓性方案,7例ALL采用全身放疗/环磷酰胺/抗胸腺Ig,余21例采用白消安/环磷酰胺/抗胸腺Ig.于0 d回输脐血有核细胞中位数为8.51(4.27～12.2)×107/kg,CD34+细胞的中位数为1.81(1.27～2.31)×105/kg.预防急性移植物抗宿主病均采用环孢素和小剂量甲泼尼龙,其中3例另加霉酚酸酯,1例加CD20单抗. 随访4～86个月.结果 28例行脐血造血干细胞移植的恶性或非恶性疾病儿童,存活16例(57.1%),死亡12例(42.9%).死于感染7例(25.0%),其中间质性肺炎、真菌感染性肺炎各3例,病毒性肺炎1例;死于复发3例(10.7%);死于急性移植物抗宿主病2例(7.1%).结论 儿童恶性疾病的原发病复发是脐带造血干细胞移植后常见的死亡原因之一,感染是儿童恶性疾病和非恶性疾病行脐血造血干细胞移植后另一常见死亡原因.     

非血缘脐血干细胞移植治疗X连锁慢性肉芽肿7例

目的探讨非血缘脐血干细胞移植(UR-UCBT)治疗X连锁慢性肉芽肿(X-CGD)的疗效。方法回顾性分析2007年5月至2015年5月海军总医院收治7例X-CGD患儿进行UR-UCBT的临床资料并复习相关文献。给7例X-CGD患儿进行UR-UCBT,6例为单份脐血,1例为双份脐血。HLA配型4例全相合,2例5个位点相合,1例4个位点相合。预处理选用白消安/环磷酰胺/兔抗人T-淋巴细胞免疫球蛋白(ATG),其中6例在其基础上加氟达拉滨(Flu)。于0 d回输脐血,有核细胞中位数为8.51×10~7/kg,CD34~+细胞中位数为3.81×10~5/kg。预防移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)采用环孢霉素A/吗替麦考酚酯,其中1例在其基础上加甲基泼尼松龙。结果 ANC≥0.5×10~9/L和PLT≥20×10~9/L的中位天数分别是+14 d和+30 d。4例出现Ⅰ~Ⅲ度急性GVHD,给予激素后均控制。在+30 d所有患儿通过PCR-SSO/FISH检测均为供者型完全嵌合。ECGD酶活力均于+1个月恢复正常。CYBB基因异常者+2个月未检测出突变基因。随访中位时间10(5~101)个月,未发生慢性GVHD,1例+3个月死于心功能衰竭,现存活6例酶活力均恢复正常,为无病存活。结论非血缘脐血能快速有效的提供造血干细胞,能耐受HLA多个位点不相合,UR-UCBT可对X-CGD起到根治性治疗作用。     

脐血造血细胞含量与白血病脐血移植疗效分析

目的分析4711份库存脐血造血细胞含量及探讨脐血造血细胞含量与白血病脐血移植疗效的关系。方法分析4711例库存脐血总有核细胞数(TNC)和CD34+细胞数分布情况,探讨不同的造血细胞输入量、供受者HLA不相合数、受者性别、年龄、体重和疾病类型间植入率和生存率的差异。结果 4711例库存脐血TNC和CD34+细胞中位数分别为1.14×109/kg和4.06×106/kg,按3.7×107/kg有效TNC输入量计算,93.2%脐血可供体重50 kg以下受者移植。89例白血病患者移植后植入75例,植入率为84.3%。中性粒细胞绝对值≥0.5×109/L、血小板≥20×109/L和≥50×109/L的时间分别为移植后17、34和46 d。75例植入病例中,长期无病存活47例,死亡26例,2例复发;急性移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)Ⅰ～Ⅱ度、Ⅲ～Ⅳ度和慢性GVHD发生率分别为54.7%、20.0%、9.3%。影响移植植入率的因素包括受者年龄、TNC和CD34+细胞输入量;影响生存率的因素包括受者年龄、体重和输入CD34+细胞数。结论在无法找到HLA全相合骨髓供者时,可选择脐血作为替代骨髓的造血干细胞来源治疗儿童与成人白血病,TNC和CD34+细胞数仍是选择脐血移植物的参考指标。     

CD+34CD+62L细胞输入量对儿童急性白血病无关脐血移植的影响

目的　研究CD 3 4 CD 62L细胞输入量在无关脐血移植治疗儿童急性白血病中对造血干细胞植入、中性粒细胞和血小板恢复时间的影响。方法　用流式细胞术分析复苏后的CD 3 4 CD 62L细胞数 ,并对 2 3例急性白血病儿童在无关脐血移植后的中性粒细胞和血小板恢复时间等临床资料进行测定。结果　 2 3例患儿中 ,2 1例被植入 ,其中性粒细胞 >5 0 0 / μl的时间为 11～ 2 3d(中位数为 17 5d) ,而在 18例患儿中 ,血小板 >2万 / μl的时间为 12～ 118d(中位数 4 1d)。当CD 3 4 CD 62L细胞输入量 >1 3× 10 5/kg时 ,有利于造血干细胞的植入 ,中性粒细胞的恢复时间与CD 3 4 CD 62L细胞输入量存在一定的相关性趋势 ,γ值为 - 0 32 4 ,0 0 5

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单倍体造血干细胞移植治疗儿童重型β-地中海贫血

目的：目前仅有30％左右的重型β-地中海贫血患者能找到HLA全相合的同胞供者,使造血干细胞移植治疗该病受到限制。该研究通过探讨单倍体造血干细胞移植治疗儿童重型β-地中海贫血的疗效,希望能够拓展供者源。方法：采用单倍体脐血或骨髓对10例重型β-地中海贫血患儿进行11例次移植。使用以羟基脲、氟达拉滨、白消安、环磷酰胺、抗胸腺细胞球蛋白为基础的预处理方案。结果：6例患者获长期稳定植入并脱离红细胞输注;2例短暂植入后排斥,其中1例恢复地中海贫血状态,另1例在移植早期死亡;1例行2次移植均未植入并出现移植后再障;1例未植入,出现再障,1年后恢复地中海贫血状态。8例植入者均发生急性移植物抗宿主病,仅1例发展为皮肤局限性慢性移植物抗宿主病。随访57.1（2.5～85.1）月,总体生存率90%,无病生存率为60%。结论：单倍体造血干细胞移植治疗儿童重型β-地中海贫血能长期重建造血,在无HLA相合同胞供体时,可以作为造血干细胞移植治疗的一种选择。［中国当代儿科杂志,2009,11（7）：546-548］     

Unrelated umbilical cord blood transplant for beta-thalassemia major

A 5-year-old boy with beta-thalassemia major received an unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation (URD-UCBT). The URD-UCB was six antigen HLA matched. The infused cell dose was 7.5 x 10(7)/kg nucleated cells. Conditioning included busulfan 20 mg/kg, cyclophosphamide 200 mg/kg, fludarabine 150 mg/kg, thiotepa 6 mg/kg, and antithymocyte globulin 90 mg/kg. The post transplant complications were mild hepatic veno-occlusive disease, acute GVHD grade III, and CMV interstitial pneumonia. The subject has been ex-thalassemic for more than 20 months post transplant. The chronic GVHD was limited and could be controlled by methylprednisolone combined with mycophenolate. This is the first successful report of an unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation for beta-thalassemia major from China.     

Cord blood transplantation in children with relapsed or refractory severe aplastic anemia

Early results of cord blood transplantation (CBT) for severe aplastic anemia were poor with a high rate of engraftment failure. We carried out CBT in 5 children with relapsed or refractory severe aplastic anemia, using immunosuppressive preparative regimens. The median time from the diagnosis to the CBT was 16 months (15 to 47 mo), with all the children having failed at least 1 course of immunosuppressive therapy. The conditioning regimens consisted of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and antithymocyte globulin. One patient had an HLA-identical sibling donor, and 4 had unrelated donors selected from an NMDP-affiliated cord blood bank. Two patients received double-unit grafts to attain a target TNC dose of at least 3.0×10/kg. Donor/recipient HLA matching was 6 of 6 (n=2) and 5 of 6 (n=5). The median nucleated cell dose infused was 5.6 (range, 3.6 to 6.1) ×10 cells/kg. The median infused CD34 dose was 2.9 (range, 1.8 to 7.5) ×10 cells/kg. All the patients achieved neutrophil engraftment at a median of 13 days (range, 11 to 25 d). The median time to platelet engraftment was 48 days (range, 34 to 56 d). After CBT, acute GVHD developed in 4 cases, CMV reactivation in 1, pneumonia in 1, and sepsis in 1. Four patients successfully engrafted, but 1 failed to engraft and had delayed autologous recovery. However, all patients were now transfusion-independent at the time of reporting. This result suggests that CBT using optimal conditioning regimens can be a salvage treatment for patients without a suitable bone marrow donor and warrants further prospective studies.     

Umbilical cord blood transplantation in Chinese children with beta-thalassemia

To evaluate factors affecting outcome of sibling umbilical cord blood transplantation in Chinese children with thalassemia. The authors conducted a retrospective review of all patients undergoing such transplants in a single institution. Nine children with thalassemia major were diagnosed at a median age of 12 months. They received irregular blood transfusions and suboptimal iron chelation therapy before transplant. Sibling cord blood transplant was performed at a median of 5.5 years (range 3.5-10 years). Six donors were HLA-identical; three were one- to three-antigen mismatched. The mean number of nucleated cells infused was 6.6 x 10(7)/kg (range 3.4-12.7); the mean number of CD34+ cells infused was 3.8 x 10(5)kg (range 0.6-11.7). Seven patients had engraftment of donor cells. The median number of days to achieve a neutrophil count of > 0.5 x 10(9)/L was 19 days (range 10-25); the median number of days to achieve a platelet count of > 20 x 10(9)/L was 33 days (range 19-63). Of the six patients who received HLA-identical transplants, one developed grade 2 and two developed grade 1 acute graft-versus-host disease. Two of the three patients receiving mismatched cord blood did not achieve engraftment, and the other one engrafted but developed grade 4 acute graft-versus-host disease. Two patients subsequently developed secondary graft rejection and had autologous marrow regeneration before day 60 posttransplantation. With a median follow-up of 49 months (range 38-64), eight patients survived but only four were transfusion-independent. Umbilical cord blood transplant appears to have a higher chance of nonengraftment and secondary rejection. A more intensive immunosuppressive conditioning regimen may be required.     

Unrelated cord blood transplant experience by the pediatric blood and marrow transplant consortium

Cord blood (CB) has emerged as a potential source of hematopoietic stem cells for patients who are in need of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). The authors analyzed the Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Consortium's (PBMTC) data of consecutive unrelated CB transplants performed during the initial 2 years of using placental blood grafts. From January 1995 to December 1996 PBMTC performed a total of 44 unrelated CB transplant for a variety of diseases consisting of acute leukemias (n = 29), congenital conditions (n = 9), and bone marrow failure (n = 6). There were 15 females and 29 males with median age of 5 years (range 0.4-20.6 years) and median weight of 18.2 kg (range 6.3-70 kg). The median volume of CB units was 80 mL (range 44.5-215 mL) and the median cell dose given was 4.3 x 10(7)/kg of recipient weight (range 1.1-23 x 10(7)/kg). Techniques used for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching were serologic typing for class I HLA antigens and high-resolution molecular typing for HLA-DRB1 alleles. HLA disparities were as follows: 4 were 6/6 matches, 21 were 5/6, 15 were 4/6, and 4 were 3/6. Twenty-nine (66%) of CB units were DRB1 matched with recipients. Conditioning regimens consisted of either total body irradiation containing (n = 31) or chemotherapy only (n = 11) regimens. All but 3 patients receive cyclosporine as part of graft vs. host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis in combination with either methotrexate (MTX) or methylprednisolone (Pred). The other 3 patients had FK506 and MTX for GvHD prophylaxis. Myeloid engraftment (absolute neutrophil count > or = 500) occurred at a median of 21 days (range 10-43 days) and platelet > or = 50,000/mm3 was noted at a median of 44 days (range 16-102 days). Eight patients died too early (< day + 28) for evaluation of engraftment (5 for infection, 2 for multiorgan failure, 1 for toxic epidermolysis). The probability of having grade II-IV acute GvHD for all patients was 44 +/- 0.7%. The incidence of a GvHD is similar for 4/6 and 5/6 antigen when DRB1 matched, at 47 and 52%, respectively. Chronic GvHD was noted in 28% of patients surviving > 90 days. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of 4-year event-free survival was 43%. A Cox model for analysis of factors associated with survival was DRB1 matching, p = .001; cell dose, p = .009; and younger age, p = .03. In conclusion, CB transplant offers a good alternative to bone marrow transplant Although GvHD occurs, it is usually of low severity despite the high frequency of multiple HLA antigen mismatches. It also appears that a 4/6 is as good as a 5/6 matched antigen CB unit when DRB1 matched especially in the pediatric setting.     

Umbilical cord blood transplantation in Wiskott Aldrich syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To report the use of umbilical cord blood (UCB) stem cell transplantation in Wiskott Aldrich syndrome (WAS) when a matched sibling donor was unavailable. METHODS: Three children with WAS received unrelated umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation after a preparative regimen for the treatment of combined immunodeficiency diseases. The patients ranged in age from 1.9 to 7.9 years. The cord blood units were 4/6 HLA antigen matches in 2 children and 5/6 in 1 child, with molecular HLA-DR match in all 3 children. RESULTS: The time for neutrophil engraftment (ANC >500/mm(3)) was 11 to 16 days, and the average time for platelet engraftment was 36 to 49 days. One patient had no evidence of GvHD, 1 patient grade I, and 1 patient grade II. No patient had chronic GvHD. The patient with grade II GvHD also had gut involvement. Immunologic reconstitution demonstrated that cord blood stem cell transplantation resulted in consistent and stable T-, B-, and NK-cell development. Functional B-cell antibody responses revealed that 2 of the patients in whom IVIG has been discontinued had low detectable antibody responses to tetanus and diphtheria toxoid immunizations at 18 to 24 months after transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: Unrelated umbilical donor cord blood is an alternative source of stem cells for transplantation in children with WAS when a suitable HLA-matched donor is not available. Benefits of UCB include rapid and reliable recovery of immune function, low risk of GvHD, and low viral transmission rate.     

Low risk of graft-versus-host disease with transplantation of CD34 selected peripheral blood progenitor cells from alternative donors for Fanconi anemia

OBJECTIVES: Transplant results for Fanconi anemia with alternative-donor bone marrow transplantation currently entail a high incidence of graft failure and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The authors sought to improve outcome in this disease category with alternative donors with a 5-6/6 antigen match by transplantation of highly purified peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) using the Isolex 300i v2.5 device as a means of T-cell depletion to lessen the risk of GVHD. METHODS: All Fanconi anemia patients (n = 8) received the same preparative regimen that included total body irradiation (450 cGy), Cytoxan (20 mg/kg), ATGAM, and fludarabine (120 mg/m2). The cell dose of CD34+ cells was a median of 11.4 x 10(6)/kg; the cell dose of CD3+ cells was a median of 1.9 x 10(4)/kg. Primary engraftment was rapid in all patients, with neutrophil recovery occurring at a median of day 10 and platelet count more than 50,000 on day 27. Two patients subsequently had secondary graft failure. Despite lack of cyclosporine GVHD prophylaxis, only two patients developed acute GVHD (both grade I), and no patients developed chronic GVHD. Three patients died: one at day 59 secondary to disseminated fungal infection, the second at day 196 during a second transplant, and the third at day 202 due to graft failure. With a median follow-up of 12 months, the overall survival was 58 +/- 18%. CONCLUSIONS: Transplantation of CD34-selected PBPCs from alternative donors results in a very low risk of GVHD in patients with Fanconi anemia.     

无关供体造血干细胞移植治疗46例儿童难治性白血病疗效分析

目的 评估无关供体造血干细胞移植(UDT)治疗儿童难治性白血病的疗效.方法 回顾性分析连续在我院接受UDT的46例白血病患儿的临床资料.急性淋巴细胞性白血病(ALL)患儿接受全身放疗为主的预处理、急性髓细胞性白血病(AMI)和慢性粒细胞性白血病(CML)患儿采用白消安清髓.结果 中位年龄8.0(2～17)岁,3年总存活率(OS)63.0%,23.9%患儿死于移植相关并发症,13.0%患儿死于白血病复发.移植过程中33.3%出现Ⅲ～Ⅳ度急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD),55.6%发生慢性移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)(13.9%为慢性广泛性GVHD).大于10岁、小于10岁患儿的OS差异有统计学意义(45.0%vs. 76.9%,P=0.015);ALL患儿3年OS明显差于CML和AML(38.4%、66.7%vs. 80.0%,P=0.034);高危白血病疗效明显差于低危患儿(45.8% vs.81.8%,P=0.012);人类白细胞抗原(HLA)高分辨6/6全相合、1/6不合较2/6位点不合患儿的OS显著增高(75.0%,75.0% vs.16.7%,P=0.007);移植中出现Ⅲ～Ⅳ度与0～Ⅱ度aGVHD患儿相比OS差异无统计学意义(66.0% vs.66.7%,P=0.494).结论 UDT治疗我国儿童难治性白血病疗效令人满意.小于10岁、HLA相合度高是UDT的有利因素,髓系、低危白血病疗效优于其他白血病.