丁苯酞注射液联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的观察丁苯酞注射液联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的有效性和安全性。方法选择105例急性脑梗死患者,随机分为丁苯酞治疗组、依达拉奉治疗组和丁苯酞联合依达拉奉治疗组(简称联合治疗组)3组。联合治疗组在常规急性脑梗死治疗的基础上给予丁苯酞注射液联合依达拉奉治疗,丁苯酞治疗组在常规急性脑梗死治疗的基础上单加丁苯酞注射液;依达拉奉治疗组在常规急性脑梗死治疗的基础上单加依达拉奉,共治疗14d。于治疗前及治疗后14d采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分(NIHSS)和Barthel指数对各组患者进行疗效评定。结果 3组患者治疗后NIHSS评分均较治疗前降低(分别t=3.270,P0.01;t=2.314,P0.05;t=2.946,P0.01),Barthel指数升高(分别t=-3.466,P0.01;t=-2.098,P0.05;t=-2.059,P0.05)。联合治疗组治疗后其NIHSS评分均低于丁苯酞治疗组和依拉奉达治疗组(均P0.05),而Barthel指数高于丁苯酞治疗组和依拉奉达治疗组(均P0.05)。联合治疗组有效率为80.00%,高于丁苯酞治疗组的57.14%和依拉奉达治疗组的54.29%(χ2=4.242,P0.05;χ2=5.245,P0.05)。3组均未发生严重不良反应。结论丁苯酞注射液联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死有效且安全。     

丁苯酞联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的 探讨丁苯酞联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察.方法 选取80例急性脑梗死患者随机分为2组,2组在给予改善微循环等常规治疗的基础之上,治疗组给予丁苯酞联合依达拉奉治疗,对照组单纯应用依达拉奉治疗,对比2组的临床疗效及治疗前后神经功能缺损程度评分(NIHSS).结果 治疗组总有效率87.5％,对照组总有效率65.00％(P＜0.05);治疗组NIHSS评分较对照组有明显改善,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 丁苯酞联合依达拉奉治疗能有效促进急性脑梗死患者的神经功能恢复,为临床提供新的治疗策略.     

丁苯酞联合法舒地尔治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及对血浆超敏C反应蛋白及血黏度的影响

目的观察丁苯酞联合法舒地尔治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及其对血浆超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及血黏度的影响。方法选取我院2013-01-2016-01收治的急性脑梗死患者患者70例,按照随机数字表法分为2组,均采用神经内科基础治疗,对照组在常规治疗基础上采用法舒地尔治疗,研究组在对照组基础上加用丁苯酞治疗,观察2组治疗前后美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分的变化情况,并对2组治疗效果进行对比;采用日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)评分评估患者治疗前后的日常生活能力,对比2组血浆超敏C反应蛋白与血黏度的变化情况。结果治疗前2组NIHSS评分、ADL评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗后均较治疗前明显降低,ADL评分均较治疗前明显增加,研究组NIHSS评分、ADL评分改善程度更显著,2组比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组基本痊愈率、临床总有效率均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.60、10.30,P0.05或0.01)。治疗前2组血浆hs-CRP水平及血浆黏度、全血黏度比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗后2组血浆hs-CRP水平及血浆黏度、全血黏度均明显下降,研究组显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丁苯酞联合法舒地尔治疗急性脑梗死患者,可明显降低其血浆hs-CRP水平及血黏度,改善NIHSS评分、ADL评分,明显提高临床治疗效果,促进患者神经功能的恢复,改善其日常生活能力,值得临床应用。     

丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗前循环进展性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的探讨丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗前循环进展性脑梗死的临床效果。方法选取于我院住院的60例急性前循环进展性脑梗死患者,按照随机数字表法分为2组各30例。2组均应用胞二磷胆碱针、肠溶阿司匹林片等治疗,治疗组加用丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗。比较2组治疗前后NIHSS及BI评分变化。结果 2组NIHSS及BI指数评分治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论应用丁苯酞氯化钠注射液可改善患者中枢神经功能的损伤,不良反应少。     

丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗急性脑梗死患者临床观察

目的 探讨丁苯酞氯化钠注射液对急性脑梗死患者神经功能、日常生活能力及血管内皮功能的影响。方法 选取146例急性脑梗死患者,采用随机数字表分为2组,对照组(n=73)采取常规治疗,研究组(n=73)在对照组的基础上加用丁苯酞氯化钠注射液,2组均治疗14d为1个疗程,观察2组临床疗效。治疗前后评估2组神经功能缺损(NIHSS评分)及日常生活能力(ADL评分)情况,并对2组血管内皮功能[内皮素-1(ET-1)、一氧化氮(NO)]进行检测。结果 观察组临床疗效明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.69,P0.05)。治疗前2组NIHSS评分与ADL评分及ET-1与NO含量比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗14d后,观察组NIHSS评分明显较对照组低,ADL评分较对照组高;观察组NO水平高于对照组,ET-1水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗急性脑梗死,能够有效改善患者的内皮功能及神经功能缺损症状,提高日常生活活动能力,疗效显著,值得临床推广。     

丁苯酞联合纳洛酮治疗老年大面积脑梗死的有效性及安全性

目的探讨丁苯酞联合纳洛酮治疗老年大面积脑梗死的有效性及安全性。方法 136例老年大面积脑梗死患者根据治疗方法不同分为对照组与观察组,比较2组治疗效果、并发症及治疗前后神经功能(NIHSS)缺损评分。结果 2组治疗前后神经功能缺损评分比较有显著性差异(P0.05);对照组有效率75.0%,观察组为92.6%,观察组显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);对照组并发症发病率为16.2%,观察组为5.9%,对照组显著高于观察组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丁苯酞联合纳洛酮可显著提高大面积脑梗死的治疗有效率,降低并发症发病率,同时降低神经功能的缺损程度,值得临床推广。     

丁苯酞预处理对急性脑梗死rt-PA静脉溶栓疗效及安全性的影响

目的分析急性脑梗死患者rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗前给予丁苯酞针剂预处理的疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析109例于2016-11—2018-07就诊于新郑市人民医院神经内科诊疗中心,接受rt-PA静脉溶栓联合丁苯酞治疗的急性脑梗死患者。根据溶栓前后丁苯酞针剂应用的不同顺序分为丁苯酞预处理组(48例)和丁苯酞后干预组(61例),比较2组溶栓后24 h、出院时(或7 d)的NIHSS评分,并在治疗3个月后比较2组改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分,同时比较2组溶栓后颅内出血的发生率及7 d、3个月病死率。结果 3个月时mRS评分丁苯酞预处理组明显低于后干预组(mRS 0～1:62.50%vs 42.62%,P0.05)。丁苯酞预处理组颅内出血发生率较后干预组低,差异有统计学意义(6.25%vs 19.67%,P0.05)。3个月时丁苯酞预处理组病死率明显低于后干预组,差异有统计学意义(2.08%vs 13.11%,P0.05)。结论 rt-PA静脉溶栓前给予丁苯酞针剂预处理对3个月后神经功能的改善优于溶栓后使用,同时颅内出血的发生率和3个月后病死率可显著降低。     

丁苯酞对急性脑梗死患者血清NSE S-100β及氧化标记物的影响

目的观察丁苯酞注射液对急性脑梗死患者神经功能、预后及血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、S-100β蛋白、丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的影响。方法将60例急性脑梗死患者随机分为丁苯酞组和对照组各30例。2组均给予常规治疗,丁苯酞组在此基础上给予丁苯酞注射液静滴,2次/d。于治疗前、治疗后7d和14d检测2组患者血清NSE、S-100β、MDA和SOD的水平变化,并比较2组治疗前后美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分(NIHSS)和2组3个月后改良Rankin量表(modified Rankin Scale,mRS)评分变化。结果丁苯酞组在治疗后7d和14d,血清NSE、S-100β和MDA水平均较对照组明显降低(P0.05),血清SOD水平较对照组明显升高。丁苯酞组在治疗后7d和14d,NIHSS评分较对照组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);3个月后,丁苯酞组mRS评分较对照组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丁苯酞注射液可降低急性脑梗死患者血清NSE、S-100β和MDA水平,提高血清SOD水平,有助于神经功能恢复,改善患者预后。     

丁苯酞软胶囊联合长春西汀对颈内动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死神经功能恢复的影响

目的探讨丁苯酞软胶囊联合长春西汀在颈内动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死神经功能恢复的影响。方法选择2011-03—2012-12我院收治的110例颈内动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死患者为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组各55例,对照组在常规治疗基础上加用长春西汀治疗,观察组在常规治疗基础上联合丁苯酞软胶囊与长春西汀,观察比较2组治疗前后NIHSS(神经功能缺损评价量表)评分、Barthel(日常生活能力评价量表)评分及临床疗效。结果观察组治疗后NIHSS评分(10.2±3.2)分明显低于对照组的(13.2±4.6)分,而Barthel评分(74.6±15.6)分明显高于对照组的(62.5±15.6)分,组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组总有效率89.09%明显高于对照组67.27%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对颈内动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死患者应用长春西汀联合丁苯酞软胶囊治疗具有促进神经功能恢复的功效,值得推广使用。     

丁苯酞联合康复训练对急性脑梗死的早期疗效观察

【目的】观察丁苯酞联合康复训练治疗急性脑梗死患者的临床疗效。方法 147例急性脑梗死患者随机分为丁苯酞治疗组和常规治疗组。治疗前后均采用NIHSS评分、临床神经功能缺损程度评分标准、FMA及Barthel指数进行评估,观察早期临床疗效。结果丁苯酞治疗组及常规治疗组患者症状均较入院时改善,NISS评分、神经功能缺损评分较入院时降低,FMA评分及Barthel指数较治疗前升高。丁苯酞治疗组各观察指标改善情况均优于常规治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丁苯酞联合康复训练的方案与常规治疗方案相比可更好地改善急性脑梗死患者的神经缺损程度,提高患者日常生活质量。     

Venous Infarction of Brainstem and Cerebellum

The authors describe 2 cases of posterior fosa venous infarction. A 56-year-old woman with essential thrombocytemia presented with fluctuating complaints of headache, nausea, vomiting, left-sided numbness-weakness, and dizziness and became progressively stuporous. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed bilateral parasagittal fronto-parietal and left cerebellar contrast-enhancing hemorrhagic lesions. On magnetic resonance venography, the left transverse and sigmoid sinuses were occluded. The second patient, a 39-year-old woman, presented with acute onset of diplopia, numbness of the tongue, vertigo, and right-sided weakness following a gestational age stillbirth. MRI revealed lesions in the right half of midbrain and pons and in the superior part of the right cerebellar hemisphere. Digital subtraction angiography showed right transverse and sigmoid sinus occlusion. The authors suggest that one should investigate the possibility of venous infarction in the presence of posterior fossa lesions that are often hemorrhagic and are not within any arterial territory distribution but respect a known venous drainage pattern. Recognition of the observed clinical and neuroimaging features can lead to earlier diagnosis and, potentially, more effective management.     

伴有皮质下梗死和白质脑病的常染色体显性遗传性脑动脉病的临床和影像学特征分析

目的 报道1例影像学上表现为双侧小脑和胼胝体膝部梗死的伴有皮质下梗死和白质脑病的常染色体显性遗传性脑动脉病(Cerebral autonomic dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leucoencephalopathy CADASIL),探讨CADASIL的临床及影像学表现。方法 对1例疑诊为CADASIL的78岁女性患者进行临床表现、影像学检查及实验室检查,神经心理测评的收集,取得患者知情同意后对其进行NOTCH3基因检测和皮肤活检,并对家系成员进行验证分析。结果 患者首发症状为记忆力减退,起病年龄较大,伴有情感淡漠、步态不稳、小便功能障碍,无偏头痛,头颅磁共振见广泛的脑白质脱髓鞘,丘脑、胼胝体膝部、双侧基底节、双侧小脑半球多发陈旧性腔隙性脑梗死,NOTCH3基因检测发现11号外显子存在c.1630C>T错义突变,即p.R544C。结论 本例CADASIL患者的起病年龄75岁,首发症状为记忆力减退,腔隙性脑梗死不仅累及丘脑、基底节,同样也可以累及小脑。胼胝体全层梗死为CADASIL的特征性影像表现之一。     

出血性脑梗死的MRI特征性表现及临床分析

目的探讨出血性脑梗死(HI)的MRI特征性表现及与临床关系。方法分析30例HI患者的MRI表现和临床资料。结果HI以发病2周内常见,约占76.7%。不同部位脑梗死HI的出血形态、位置不同:脑叶HI15例(50.0%),脑回状、斑片状出血位于皮层和/或皮层下白质;脑深部HI(基底节及丘脑)10例(33.3%);小脑HI4例(13.3%),斑片状、线状出血位于梗塞区内、边缘;混合型2例(6.7%)。T2*WI呈低信号。结论HI的MRI表现与脑梗死部位、面积有密切关系。T2*WI有助于HI的检出。脑梗死患者病情加重或考虑大面积脑梗死应在2周内进行影像学复查,以利于HI的早期诊断和治疗。     

脑梗塞合并冠心病36例临床分析

本文报告36例脑梗塞合并冠心病,其中男26例,女10例,脑梗塞合并心绞痛16例,心肌梗塞7例,隐性冠心病13例,死亡10例,主要死因有心力衰竭、肾功能衰竭、脑水肿并脑疝。对脑梗塞与冠心病同时存在的病理生理机制进行了讨论。为了提高诊疗水平,作者强调详细询问病史、认真体查、及时监测心脑功能和二病同治的原则,并应积极消除致病因素。     

老年多梗塞性痴呆的性激素变化及相关因素的探讨

目的 :研究老年多梗塞性痴呆 (MID)的性激素。方法 :采取放射免疫法测定老年多梗塞痴呆 46例 ,老年非痴呆脑梗塞 (CI) 6 2例 ,正常老年健康对照组 38例。结果 :男性 MID组和 CI组分别与对照组的比较 ,T值下降 ,E2 /T增高 ,均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,MID组 E2 高于对照组 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,CI组与对照组 E2 比较无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。女性 MID组和 CI组分别与对照组比较 ,T值下降 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,E2 更明显下降 ,有高度显著差异 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,PRL和 PRO及 E2 / T值无显著性差异。男女性老年多梗塞性痴呆与非痴呆性脑梗塞组分别比较 T、PRO、E2 / T、均无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :老年多梗塞性痴呆与非痴呆性脑梗塞都存在着性激素失衡 ,其中 ,男性 E2 / T增高 ,女性以 E2 降低最为明显。表明适当地调节性激素水平会有利于老年多梗塞痴呆及非痴呆性脑梗塞的防治。     

冠心病与脑梗塞并存102例分析

冠心病和脑梗塞是老年人最常见威胁生命和健康的疾病。本文总结了我科近七年冠心病与脑梗塞并存102例进行分析，结果表明，88．2％为老年期病人，70．5％为无症状性脑梗塞，82％为多发腔隙性梗塞灶，部位多位于基底节区和深部白质区，分析了冠心病与脑梗塞相互间的发病机理．结论：在幼脉粥样硬化基础上，高龄和缺血性心脏病是无症状性脑梗塞校危险因素。老年冠心病需同时防治脑梗塞。     

Coagulation abnormalities in lacunar and cortical ischemic stroke are quite different

Abstract

In order to clarify the coagulation profile accompanying ischemic strokel which may have implications on therapeutic strategiesl we performed a prospective study to evaluate the hemostatic parameters in the first 24 h after the onset of cortical atherothrombotic infarct and lacunar infarction. Twenty-seven patients with cortical atherothrombotic infarction and 27 patients with lacunar infarctionl diagnosed on clinical and CTscan criterial had blood samples taken within the first 24 h after onset of the strokel and before anticoagulant treatment had been started. Levels of fibrinogenl von Willebrand factorl O-dimersl prothrombin factors 1+21 anti-thrombin III, and C-protein and S-proteinsl were measured. Laboratory tests detected the following abnormalities: a protein C deficiency was observed in 1 case of cortical infarction and in 1 case of lacunar infarction; a decrease in S-protein was observed in 1 case of cortical infarctionl and the presence of lupus anticoagulant in 4 cases (2 in cortical and 2 in lacunar infarction). Various degrees of coagulation activation were observed. Statistically significant activation of the coagulation was observed in the patients with cortical infarctionl compared to normal patients adjusted for age: the levels of 001 were significantly raised (2298±2221 ng ml-1 ys. 7S0±400ng ml-1) (p < 0.03) as were F7+2 levels (3.9±2.8 nmol l^-1 vs. 7.S±0.9nmol l^-1) (p < 0.01). In the lacunar infarction groupl there was a significant rise in F7+2 compared with normal patients adjusted for age (2.2± 7.7 nmol l^-1 vs. 1.S±0.9nmol l^-1 ) (p < 0.07)1 while the 001 level was in the normal rangel when age was taken into account. In the cortical infarction groupl we observed a significantly raised fibrinogen level (4.8± 7.7g 1-1 Ys. 3.7± 1.0 g l^-1) (p < 0.05) and von Willebrand factor level (271± 704% Ys. 778± 703%) (p < 0.01) compared to the lacunar infarction group. In additionl we observed a significantly low level of S-protein in the cortical infarction group (J OS±29%) compared to the lacunar infarction group (J27±28%) (p < 0.01). Confirmation of the role of enhanced thrombin activity in the pathogenesis of acute stroke may be an important determinant in its therapeutic management. [Neural Res 1998; 20: 15–18]     

Clinical features and outcomes of spinal cord infarction following vertebral artery dissection: a systematic review of the literature

Abstract

Objective: Spinal cord infarction (SCI) is a rare complication of vertebral artery dissection (VAD). Its clinical features and outcomes have not yet been well documented.

Methods: In addition to reporting a case with bilateral SCI caused by left VAD, we performed a systematic review of the literature conducted through a PubMed search.

Results: A total of 17 cases were reviewed (nine men and eight women). The average age was 40·5±14·6 years. In addition to neck pain or headache (88%), patients with VAD-associated SCI often presented with a sensory level (76%) or Brown–Séquard syndrome (53%). The most common regions of dissection were at the V1 or proximal V2 segments, and the infarcted area of SCI was mainly located at C2–C5 levels. Regarding the vascular territory, posterior spinal artery infarction was noted in 29% of patients, spinal sulcal artery infarction in 42%, and anterior spinal artery (ASA) watershed infarction in 29%. Eleven patients (65%) had a good outcome and six patients (35%) had a poor outcome (including one mortality; 6%). Smoking, age above 50 years, and ASA watershed infarction were associated with a poor outcome, while spinal sulcal artery infarction was associated with a good outcome.

Conclusion: Neck pain or headache is an important warning symptom of VAD, and the presence of a concomitant sensory level or Brown–Séquard syndrome is helpful for the early diagnosis of SCI caused by VAD. One-third of patients had a poor outcome, and smoking, old age, and ASA watershed infarction represented important risk factors.     

N端脑钠肽前体对急性心肌梗死并发脑梗死的预测价值

目的探讨N端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)对急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)患者并发脑梗死的预测作用。方法回顾分析了445例AMI患者的临床资料,全部患者均在首次胸痛24 h内测定血浆NT-proBNP水平。通过受试者工作曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)分析NT-proBNP预测脑梗死发生的价值及界值,并通过Logistic回归分析比较NT-proBNP的独立预测价值。结果AMI后1年内共有29例患者并发脑梗死。脑梗死组发病24 h内血浆NT-proBNP水平明显高于无脑梗死组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示NT-proBNP有可能预测脑梗死的发生。根据ROC曲线定1082 ng/L为最佳分界值时,预测AMI患者并发脑梗死的敏感性、特异性、准确度、阳性和阴性预测值分别为50.0%、96.8%、84.3%、52.1%、96.5%。Logistic回归分析显示NT-proBNP水平﹥1082 ng/L是AMI并发脑梗死的独立危险因素。结论发病24 h内血浆NT-proBNP水平﹥1082 ng/L的AMI患者易并发脑梗死。     

腔隙性脑梗死和动脉粥样硬化血栓性脑梗死患者微量蛋白尿的研究

目的明确脑梗死患者微量蛋白尿(MA)阳性率及腔隙性脑梗死(lacunar infarction,LI)和动脉粥样硬化血栓性脑梗死(atherothrombotic infarction,AI)患者MA阳性率是否存在差别。方法采用竞争性放射免疫分析方法对未合并肝肾功能不全等影响尿蛋白排泄率(UAER)检测结果的83例LI和78例AI患者,以及40例原发性高血压对照者进行UAER测定。统计脑梗死患者MA的阳性率,比较合并高血压的LI、AI与高血压对照组MA阳性率。结果161例脑梗死患者MA阳性率为42·9%;单纯合并高血压病史的45例LI患者和34例AI患者MA阳性率分别为51·1%和58·8%,均高于高血压对照组(P<0·05),但两组间比较无统计学意义。结论脑梗死患者呈现MA高发率;合并高血压病史的LI和AI患者MA阳性率无差别;MA会增加脑梗死的发生风险。