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1.
目的:比较公共卫生决策证据质量评价体系(PHE-Grading)与推荐分级的评价、制定与评估体系(GRADE)在评价公共卫生决策证据质量方面的差异性。方法:计算机检索Cochrane Library数据库,获取建库起至2024年2月27日发表的有关”Public health“主题的系统评价。采用EndNote 20软件进行文献筛选,Excel 2021和SPSS 22.0软件进行数据整理和分析,使用RevMan 5.4.1软件绘制森林图。结果:最终纳入61篇系统评价进行证据质量评价。GRADE和PHE-Grading证据分级结果的森林图显示,证据等级为高[OR:2.39,95%CI(1.21,4.75)]、中[OR:0.40,95%CI(0.31,0.52)]、低[OR:0.37,95%CI(0.29,0.46)]和极低[OR:85.11,95%CI(34.80,208.11)],证据质量分级结果的差异有统计学意义。结论:与GRADE相比,PHE-Grading对公共卫生决策证据确信度的把握可能更为精准,目前公共卫生决策证据质量仍集中在中低水平,仍需加强高质量研究以支持科学决策。  相似文献   

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目的:建立一套适合农村基本公共卫生服务工作的评价指标体系。方法:采用德尔菲专家咨询法建立指标体系,等级和法与专家意见相结合的方法确定指标权重。结果:两轮专家咨询回收率均在70%以上,权威程度高于0.7,协调系数为0.5363,差异有统计学意义(2χ=130.40,P<0.05)。确立了以服务能力、服务内容和服务效果为主体框架的评价指标体系,3个一级指标的权重分别为0.348、0.357、0.295。结论:该指标体系结构合理,内容精炼、全面,包含了农村基本公共卫生服务的核心内容,有较强的针对性。  相似文献   

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在理论分析、文献回顾和查阅相关政策的基础上,运用德尔菲法构建了大型仪器设备绩效评价指标体系,该体系包括一级指标6个、二级指标19个,具有科学性及可靠性.  相似文献   

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目的 构建国内公共卫生博士核心能力的评价指标体系,为公共卫生博士的教育提供有效的理论依据和参考指标。方法 运用文献研究法、比较研究法和专题小组讨论法构建初始专家咨询问卷,运用德尔菲法进行2轮专家咨询形成公共卫生博士核心能力评价指标体系,采用层次分析法确定各个指标的权重。结果 最终建立了由7项1级指标、18项2级指标及48项3级指标构成的公共卫生博士核心能力评价指标体系。结论 两轮专家咨询的积极系数、权威系数和协调系数均较高,可为今后公共卫生博士核心能力培养和评价提供方法参考和理论依据。  相似文献   

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《中国预防医学杂志》2015,16(8):638-641
本文通过文献复习法、头脑风暴法、专题讨论和15位专家的两轮德尔菲咨询,初步构建一套完备的健康社区建设评价指标体系。两轮专家积极系数均为100.00%,专家权威系数为0.825,两轮指标的变异系数均0.30,一级指标和二级指标的专家协调系数分别为0.540和0.597。经过两轮德尔菲法专家咨询,建立的健康社区建设评价指标体系由4个一级指标、8个二级指标和40个三级指标组成。总的来说,该体系结构稳定,涵盖健康社区建设的主要因素,具有较强的科学性、适用性和可行性。  相似文献   

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循证公共卫生是公共卫生决策的有效方法。循证公共卫生的实施离不开证据,尤其是流行病学研究证据。然而,我国流行病学研究证据存在着数量不足、质量不高的问题。本文从流行病学研究服务公共卫生需求的研究意识不强、对相关流行病学研究的"人群背景特色"关注不够、对干预措施效果评价的复杂性缺乏足够重视等3个方面对问题进行了分析,以促进我国今后流行病学研究能更好地服务于公共卫生实践的需要。  相似文献   

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[目的]构建沐浴场所卫生监督量化分级评分指标体系。[方法]采用德尔菲专家咨询法,进行两轮咨询,确定一、二级指标、关键项及其权重。[结果]两轮咨询表回收率高达100%,专家权威程度的均值为1.81。确定的指标体系中,一级指标均数为6.07,二级指标为5.22,97%以上的指标均数大于4,4个关键项的满分比在50%以上。3个一级指标变异系数均﹤0.25;变异系数﹤0.25的二级指标,占83.87%。第二轮总体协调系数为0.58,统计学检验P﹤0.01。[结论]专家意见的协调性好,可信度高,用德尔菲法构建的沐浴场所量化分级指标体系结果可取。  相似文献   

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农村公共卫生体系绩效评价指标的初步构建   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的:初步构建我国农村公共卫生体系绩效评价指标。方法:德尔菲法。结果:两轮咨询专家的应答率分别为65.00%和84.44%,专家协调系数分别为0.24和0.41。从投入、产出、评价3个方面初步构建了38项评价指标。结论:评价指标综合考虑了农村公共卫生体系的各个方面,对快速评价农村公共卫生体系的绩效具有一定的实际应用价值。  相似文献   

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在制订临床实践指南和治疗标准之前,对相关研究的质量进行分级,并对研究证据的信度进行评价,能够有效提高实践指南和治疗标准的科学性,进而提高医疗的质量。本文对研究质量分级和证据信度评价的相关概念和方法作了简要的介绍。  相似文献   

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摘要:目的 构建一套科学可行且能较好评价武汉市基本公共卫生服务均等化实施现状的指标体系。方法 通过文献复习和分析拟定体系的初步框架及基础指标,采用德尔菲法进行两轮专家咨询,请专家从必要性、可操作性、敏感性、有效性等方面对指标评分,依据指标重要性得分的算术均数和变异系数来筛选指标,并且确定各指标权重。结果 两轮咨询专家的积极系数分别为93.75%和100.00%,专家熟悉程度与权威系数的均值分别为0.89和0.91;协调系数分别为0.20和0.35。武汉市基本公共卫生服务均等化评价指标体系由4项一级指标、15项二级指标和42项三级指标构成,三级指标权重系数在0.0226和0.0250之间。结论 专家意见协调性较好,结果可信,建立的武汉市基本公共卫生服务均等化评价指标体系科学合理。  相似文献   

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The Project on a Framework for Rating Evidence in Public Health (PRECEPT) is an international collaboration of public health institutes and universities which has been funded by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) since 2012. Main objective is to define a framework for evaluating and grading evidence in the field of public health, with particular focus on infectious disease prevention and control. As part of the peer review process, an international expert meeting was held on 13–14 June 2013 in Berlin. Participants were members of the PRECEPT team and selected experts from national public health institutes, World Health Organization (WHO), and academic institutions. The aim of the meeting was to discuss the draft framework and its application to two examples from infectious disease prevention and control. This article introduces the draft PRECEPT framework and reports on the meeting, its structure, most relevant discussions and major conclusions.  相似文献   

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PurposeTo explore the combined effect of trends in older people on their future healthcare utilisation.MethodsA Delphi study consisting of two rounds was conducted. The heterogeneous expert panel (n = 16) in the field of elderly care rated the effect of combinations of trends in the Netherlands on the use of seven healthcare services: i.e. informal, home, general practitioner, acute, specialist, nursing home and mental health care. The percentage and direction of the overall consensus, for the different health services, and for three main trends were analysed.ResultsExperts reached consensus in 57 of 92 ratings (62%). Taking into account the interaction between trends, they expected an extra increase for informal, home, and general practitioner care, but no additional effect of interaction for specialist and acute care. Combinations that included trends leading to less support were expected to lead to an extra increase in utilisation.ConclusionsExperts expect that interaction between trends will lead to an extra increase in the use of general practitioner, home, and informal care. This increase is mainly the result of interaction with trends leading to less support for older persons. The present results show the need to take the effect of interaction into account when designing new health policy and in research on future healthcare utilisation.  相似文献   

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目的 用德尔菲(Delphi)法征求全国专家意见,改进住宿场所卫生量化分级管理指标体系,使之适应全国应用的需要.方法 对来自全国18个省(市)、自治区的78位专家进行两轮Delphi专家咨询,根据指标重要性得分的均值大小筛选指标并确定其权重.结果 专家从事卫生防疫工作的平均年限为(21.08±5.78)年,平均权威系数C<,r>为0.89±0.07.两轮咨询的专家应答率分别为98.72%(77/78)和100.00%(77/77),平均反馈时间分别为(8.49±4.48)d、(5.86±2.28)d,差异具有统计学意义(t=4.60,P<0.01).两轮咨询Kendall协调系数分别为0.26(X2=723.63,P<0.01),0.32(X2=635.65,P<0.01),经卡方检验均具有统计学意义,说明专家意见逐渐趋于一致.住宿场所卫生量化分级管理评分表共包括3项一级指标(卫生管理、卫生设施设备、卫生操作要求)和36项二级指标,3项一级指标的权重系数分别为0.35、0.34、0.31.结论 Delphi法可用于大范围专家意见咨询,解决住宿场所卫生量化分级评分表指标体系改进的问题.  相似文献   

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目的 构建临床医师的一般公共卫生知识和技能体系,为培养临床医师的公共卫生知识和技能提供参考。方法通过文献研究、深度访谈、焦点小组访谈等方法归纳提炼临床医师的公共卫生知识和技能要点,并邀请16位专家采用德尔菲法对临床医师的一般公共卫生知识和技能进行筛选,根据专家咨询结果确立知识与技能要点。结果 经过两轮的专家咨询,建立了临床医师的一般公共卫生知识与技能体系,包含有7个一级维度、22个二级维度和99个三级维度。结论 构建了临床医师需掌握的一般公共卫生知识技能体系。  相似文献   

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This article is the first of a series providing guidance for use of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system of rating quality of evidence and grading strength of recommendations in systematic reviews, health technology assessments (HTAs), and clinical practice guidelines addressing alternative management options. The GRADE process begins with asking an explicit question, including specification of all important outcomes. After the evidence is collected and summarized, GRADE provides explicit criteria for rating the quality of evidence that include study design, risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, and magnitude of effect.Recommendations are characterized as strong or weak (alternative terms conditional or discretionary) according to the quality of the supporting evidence and the balance between desirable and undesirable consequences of the alternative management options. GRADE suggests summarizing evidence in succinct, transparent, and informative summary of findings tables that show the quality of evidence and the magnitude of relative and absolute effects for each important outcome and/or as evidence profiles that provide, in addition, detailed information about the reason for the quality of evidence rating.Subsequent articles in this series will address GRADE’s approach to formulating questions, assessing quality of evidence, and developing recommendations.  相似文献   

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目的建立医院突发公共卫生事件应对能力的综合评价方法。方法应用德尔菲法构建医院应急能力综合评价指标体系,层次分析法确定评价指标的权重,综合评分法建立综合评价模型;通过方差分析对综合评价模型进行检验。结果建立了包含7个一级指标、18个二级指标以及32个三级指标的医院应急能力综合评价模型;运用该模型评价广东省各级医院应急能力具有较好的区分度,与实际能力大致相符。结论建立的综合评价模型,可以较好地区分各级医院应急能力的强弱,具有较好的适用性和较高的可信度。  相似文献   

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Kelly MP 《Public health》2005,119(11):960-968
This paper describes the operating and methods for the newly established centre for Public Health Excellence in the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). The origins of the establishment of this organisation are described and the types of public health guidance which will be produced are outlined. The Advisory Committee Structure for the new organisation is also presented. The importance of the application of evidence based guidance in public health is considered.  相似文献   

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