离心雾化法制备吲哚美辛微囊

采用自制的离心雾化设备制备了肠溶吲哚美辛微囊。对设备的性能和微囊的性质进行了考察，当雾化转速３５００～５５００ｒ·ｍｉｎ－１，供液速度５０ｍｌ·ｍｉｎ－１时，制得粒径１５０～３５０μｍ，产率＞７０％的微囊。微囊溶出速率与母液和接收器内囊材的性质有关。此方法简单，易操作，影响因素少。     

吲哚美辛缓释栓的实验研究

以明胶为成囊材料制成吲哚美辛微囊,再以聚乙二醇为基质,制成具速释与缓释功能的栓剂,并与其它类型栓剂进行了溶出度比较。     

复凝聚法制备槲皮素微囊的工艺

目的:优选以明胶和阿拉伯胶为囊材制备槲皮素微囊的最佳工艺条件。方法:采用复凝聚法,以槲皮素为囊芯物,用明胶和阿拉伯胶作囊材,取pH、囊材浓度及搅拌速度3个为考察因素,用正交试验探讨制备槲皮素微囊的最佳条件。结果:当pH为4.0,囊材为3%,搅拌速度为150 r.min-1时为最佳工艺条件。结论:本法工艺简便、稳定,具有应用前景。     

用复凝聚法制备阿维菌素微囊的工艺初探

以明胶、阿拉伯树胶为囊材，用复凝聚法制各阿维菌素(AVM)微囊，初步建立了制各AVM微囊的工艺。     

壳聚糖-吲哚美辛缓释微囊药动学研究

目的研究自制壳聚糖-吲哚美辛微囊的药动学。方法以市售普通吲哚美辛片剂为参比通过高效液相色谱测定模型动物家兔药时曲线。结果与普通片剂相比,兔口服壳聚糖-吲哚美辛微囊后,达峰时间明显推迟,且达峰浓度降低(P<0.05);同时药物在兔体内平均驻留时间明显长于普通片(P<0.05);但两制剂的AUC无差异(P>0.05)。结论研制的壳聚糖-吲哚美辛微囊具有较好的缓释效果,且吸收程度与普通吲哚美辛片剂等效。     

复凝聚法制备桃金娘油肠溶微囊

目的采用复凝聚法制备桃金娘油肠溶微囊,并对其体外性质进行评价。方法选用海藻酸钠、氯化钙、壳聚糖为囊材采用复凝聚法制备桃金娘油微囊,用扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM),Beckman Coulter LS 230激光粒度仪表征了微囊表面形态及粒径,采用顶空进样-GC色谱法测定了载药量和包封率。结果正交设计优化处方和工艺如下:海藻酸钠质量浓度为25g.L-1、壳聚糖质量浓度为3 g.L-1、凝聚速度为5 mL.min-1和凝聚时间为60 min,所得微囊粒径为(14.23±1.45)μm,载药质量分数为(11.3±0.4)%,包封率为(73.6±2.5)%。微囊具有耐酸和肠溶性能,表面褶皱,粒径分布均匀。结论复凝聚法可用于桃金娘油肠溶微囊的制备。     

壳聚糖-吲哚美辛缓释微囊药动学研究

OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacokinetics of indomethacin-chitosan microcapsules.METHODS Taking conventional indomethacin tablets as control,and high preformance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was used to determine drug concentration-time curve in rabbits. RESU     

壳聚糖-吲哚美辛缓释微囊药动学研究

目的 研究自制壳聚糖-吲哚美辛微囊的药动学.方法 以市售普通吲哚美辛片剂为参比通过高效液相色谱测定模型动物家兔药时曲线.结果 与普通片剂相比,兔口服壳聚糖-吲哚美辛微囊后,达峰时间明显推迟,且达峰浓度降低(P<0.05);同时药物在兔体内平均驻留时间明显长于普通片(P<0.05);但两制剂的AUC无差异(P>0.05).结论 研制的壳聚糖-吲哚美辛微囊具有较好的缓释效果,且吸收程度与普通吲哚美辛片剂等效.     

单、复凝聚法制备酮康唑微囊的性状和包封率比较

目的:比较单、复凝聚法制备微囊的外观性状和包封率,为进一步研究微囊的制备工艺打下基础。方法:以酮康唑作为囊芯物,用明胶和阿拉伯胶作囊材,采用常规的单、复凝聚法分别制备酮康唑微囊,并在光学显微镜下比较其外观性状;采用单波长紫外分光光度法建立微囊中酮康唑含量测定方法,在此基础上计算其药物包封率。结果:2种方法所得的微囊均为白色粉末,采用单凝聚法得到的微囊平均粒径为32.20μm, 相对包封率为56.11%;复凝聚法制备的微囊则分别为7.99μm和83.42%。结论:采用相分离-凝聚法制备微囊时,复凝聚法所得结果较好。     

对乙酰氨基酚复合微囊缓释栓的制备及体外释放度研究

目的:采用复凝聚法制备对乙酰氨基酚(AAP)微囊并考察其体外释药行为。制备AAP复合微囊栓剂,具有良好释放效果。方法:考察复凝聚法制备AAP微囊过程的处方和工艺因素,并进行正交试验设计,筛选出最佳条件制备AAP微囊并考察其体外释药行为。同时采用复合缓释技术(速释部分+微囊缓释)制备复合微囊缓释栓剂,考察其释药行为。结果:建立了复凝聚法制备AAP微囊方法,优化后的制备条件为:明胶阿拉伯胶囊材用量各为7 g(溶液浓度7%),药物用量为8 g,搅拌速度为300 r·min^-1,制备温度55℃。此条件制备的微囊形态圆整,粒径均匀,重复性好,包封率为(79.71±0.10)%,载药量为23.11±0.69%。微囊有缓释效果,拟合缓释方程符合一级方程。制备的复合微囊栓与普通栓剂相比,具有更好的释放效果,其中缓释过程药物释放符合Higuchi方程。结论:基于普通栓剂与复合微囊技术制备的新型AAP栓具有更佳的释药特性。     

红景天苷缓释微胶囊的制备及体外释放特性研究

目的:制备红景天苷微胶囊,测定其包封率,并考察其体外释药特性。方法:以生物相容性良好的壳聚糖和海藻酸钠为囊壁材料,红景天苷药物微粒为囊芯,采用静电吸引层层纳米自组装技术(LBL法)制备红景天苷微胶囊。结果:制备的微胶囊包封率较高,达到78.02±0.72%;不同包裹层数的微胶囊在体外释放速度不同。结论:用LBL法制备的红景天苷微胶囊具有较高的包封率和缓释特性,具有一定的应用前景。     

The gastrointestinal transit of a controlled release formulation of indomethacin

The gastrointestinal transit of a controlled release indomethacin tablet has been evaluated in vivo in a group of six fasted and fed subjects using the technique of gamma-scintigraphy. The product was similar in its gastrointestinal transit behaviour to other pharmaceutical dosage forms; emptying of the tablet from the stomach was slowed by the presence of food but transit through the small intestine was not affected by feeding conditions. In vivo the tablet underwent a process of gradual dissolution and diffusion followed by complete dispersion. The bioavailability of indomethacin from this preparation was not affected by the presence of food.     

Effect of sustained release on the pharmacokinetic profile of indomethacin in man

The effect of sustained release on the pharmacokinetic profile of indomethacin was examined by comparing to three reference regimens: an intravenous dose, a single 75 mg dose of conventional capsules, and three 25 mg conventional doses given at 4-h intervals. Results indicate that the sustained release test formulation exhibited more prolonged and uniform absorption rate, yielded more sustained plasma levels after ingestion, and showed an overall bioavailability of 0.93 (95 per cent C.I. = 0.82, 1.04) relative to three 25 mg doses of the conventional capsules.     

喷雾干燥法制备红霉素肠溶缓释微囊

目的：采用喷雾干燥法制备红霉素肠溶缓释微囊,并考察其释放特性。方法：以红毒素为囊心物,Eudragit S100为包衣材料,蓖麻油为增塑剂,乙醇为溶剂,将囊心物与囊材按1：2,1：3和1：4的比例喷雾干燥制备微囊。结果：经电镜扫描和X－射线衍射测定表明,囊心物：囊材按1：4比例制备的微囊外形圆整,包囊安全;体外释放度测定显示,微囊能稳定地在人工肠液中缓慢释放,药物1h释放量不超过30％,12h释放量不低于90％,与市售红霉素肠溶片相比,有明显缓释作用。结论：喷雾干燥法制备微囊,工艺稳定,可持续操作,可连续操作,制备的红霉素微囊有很好的肠溶行为缓释特征。     

控释吲哚美辛微囊中空栓的实验研究

本文研究了控释吲哚美辛微囊中空栓的体外溶出度及兔体内相对生物利用度。属一级动力学过程，０～１ｈ，Ｋ＝２６．７９％，２～１０ｈ，Ｋ＝１．５６％ｈ－１。体内外数据有良好的相关性（ｒ＝０．９８７３，Ｐ＜０．００１）。相对生物利用度为１１７．７５％，临床应用不良反应明显减轻。     

In vitro drug liberation and kinetics of sustained release indomethacin suppository

The aim of this study was to formulate sustained release (SR) suppositories containing indomethacin (IND) microspheres. In the first part of the study, IND microspheres were prepared by solvent evaporation method. Ethyl cellulose was used as polymer. Shape and surface characteristics, particle size and size distribution of microspheres were determined. The effect of drug: polymer ratio and stirring rate on microsphere formation, average particle size, drug loading capacity and in vitro IND release were investigated. The highest drug loading capacity was found with 1:1 drug-polymer ratio. Stirring rate caused insignificant effect on drug loading capacity but particle size. Increase in stirring rate resulted in a decrease in particle size. In the second part, SR suppositories were formulated by incorporating IND microspheres having the highest drug loaded. The bases used were PEG mixtures (400:1500:4000) and Witepsol H15. Qualitative controls and IND assay on the suppositories were carried out. The drugs released were evaluated by in vitro dissolution tests. Comparative results of SR suppositories containing IND microspheres with that of conventional ones showed that the former has sustained effect up to 480 min in vitro. Release results were evaluated kinetically and the data was fitted (Bt)(a) kinetics.     

双嘧达莫缓释微囊的制备与体外评价

目的:研究以明胶和阿拉伯胶为囊材,将双嘧达莫微囊化的制备工艺。方法:以微囊的药物包封率为制备工艺优化指标,利用复凝聚法,通过正交实验得出微囊的最佳制备工艺条件。结果:囊材与囊心物的质量比2∶1,搅拌转速140r·min-1,固化时间3h、成囊pH4.0、成囊温度为50℃为最佳工艺条件。结论:以最佳制备工艺条件制备含药微囊,重复性好,工艺稳定,同时体外溶出实验表明,该微囊具有较好的缓释作用。     

效应面法优化吲哚美辛HPMC／果胶／氯化钙骨架片的双相释放

考察HPMC／果胶／氯化钙骨架片中两个自变量果胶／氯化钙重量比和骨架总重量对吲哚美辛释放的影响。采用二因素五水平星点设计，效应面法优化Peppas方程拟合参数n、K和T0.1（10％释放时间）。自变量对双相释放参数n和K值有显著影响，n、K和T0.1值可用二次多项式拟合，线性拟合效果不佳。数学模型拟合和效应面结果表明果胶／氯化钙重量比和骨架总重量两个因素间有显著交互作用。在具有较大n和T0.1值和较小K值的优化处方中，其果胶／氯化钙的比例约为1．0，骨架总重量处于中间值，约200mg。优化处方只有很好的预测性，n、K和T0.1值的预测偏差介于-7．33％和6．26％之间。星点设计可用于优化和预测药物从HPMC／果胶／氯化钙骨架片的释放。     

吲哚美辛结肠定位凝胶微丸的研究

目的制备吲哚美辛凝胶微丸实现结肠定位给药。方法采用滴制法制备海藻酸钙微丸,以微球圆整度、包封率、载药量为质量指标,通过正交试验选出优化处方,并用丙烯酸树脂Eudragit S100进行包衣。结果凝胶微丸在人工胃液和人工肠液中6 h累积释放率小于15%,而在人工结肠液中2 h达80%以上。结论所制得的吲哚美辛凝胶微丸符合结肠定位的基本要求。