鼻咽部纤维血管瘤的血管造影表现及手术前栓塞

目的：了解鼻咽部纤维血管瘤的血供情况及术前栓塞对术中出血、手术全切率和术后疗效的影响。材料与方法：对１６ 例鼻咽部纤维血管瘤患者进行数字减影血管造影,并经５Ｆ 造影导管用直径２５０ ～１０００μｍＩｖａｌｏｎ 栓塞肿瘤供血动脉。结果：鼻咽部纤维血管瘤主要由同侧的颌内动脉供血,同侧颈内动脉参与供血的占６／１６ ,对侧颈外动脉参与供血的占５／１６ 。供血动脉栓塞后肿瘤染色大部分消失,术中出血明显减少。结论：鼻咽纤维血管瘤的术前栓塞有助于减少术中出血,增加手术安全性,提高手术全切率和术后疗效。     

颈静脉球瘤术前血管内治疗的应用价值

目的 评价颈静脉球瘤术前造影及栓塞的应用价值.方法 14例颈静脉球瘤经CT和MRI及五官科详细检查评价,所有患者于术前行双侧颈动脉及患侧椎动脉造影,栓塞供血动脉及瘤巢,7例患者行患侧颈内动脉球囊阻断试验以了解Willis环功能,栓塞后48 h手术切除颈静脉球瘤.结果 14例颈静脉球瘤术前造影和供血动脉及瘤巢栓塞均获成功,肿瘤切除术中出血明显减少,7例颈动脉球囊阻断试验均获成功,3例术中施行颈内动脉结扎术,术后及随访期未出现新的神经系统症状或体征.结论 颈静脉球瘤术前行供血动脉和瘤巢栓塞及颈内动脉球囊阻断试验安全可靠,可作为常规的术前准备.     

局部穿刺栓塞进展期青少年鼻咽纤维血管瘤

目的 探讨局部直接穿刺栓塞在青少年鼻咽纤维血管瘤(JNA)术前辅助性栓塞治疗中的临床应用价值.方法 29例JNA患者均行颈动脉造影明确肿瘤供血动脉.然后经皮直接穿刺到肿瘤内,注射组织胶栓塞瘤腔.结果 29例患者造影显示由颈内、颈外动脉双重供血.经局部直接穿刺栓塞后造影显示肿瘤血管染色明显减少,供血动脉远端未见明显显示.所有患者在栓塞后1周内行手术切除,术中出血明显减少,出血量150～500 ml,平均350ml.结论 直接穿刺肿瘤栓塞(DPTE)技术安全,能有效栓塞瘤腔,明显减少术中出血.     

鼻咽纤维血管瘤术前上颌动脉栓塞的临床价值

目的　探讨鼻咽纤维血管瘤术前栓塞的价值。方法　回顾性分析 13例病理证实的鼻咽纤维血管瘤患者 ,采用 4 .1F或 5FHead Hunter导管行双侧颈动脉造影 ,了解瘤体供血情况后 ,依据供血动脉的粗细 ,选择不同大小的钢圈行纤维血管瘤供血动脉术前栓塞治疗 ,术中以出血量的多少来判断瘤体栓塞效果。结果　钢圈术前栓塞后 ,13例患者均无明显并发症 ,栓塞距手术时间 1～ 4d ,平均 2d行外科手术治疗 ,术中平均出血量为 (5 84 .6± 379.4 )ml(2 5 0～ 15 0 0ml) ,瘤体均完整切除。结论　鼻咽纤维血管瘤术前钢圈栓塞 ,能有效降低术中出血量 ,提高全切率 ,减少并发症。     

颈动脉体瘤的DSA诊断

目的：加深对颈动脉体瘤DSA表现特点的认识，探讨其诊断及介入治疗价值。方法：由两位有经验的放射学医师按双盲法对12例动脉体瘤的DSA造影资料进行回顾性分析，然后共同讨论并达成一致意见。结果：DSA均能明确诊断。所有患者均见颈动脉分叉角度增大，颈内、外动脉移位；大部分瘤体以颈外动脉供血为主，血供较丰富；6例患者瘤体包绕颈动脉者可见局部血管受侵。2例患者栓塞后造影见肿瘤染色范围缩小，且术中出血明显减少。结论：DSA是颈动脉体瘤的诊断和术前评估的有效手段，术前栓塞有利于减少术中出血。     

神经介入治疗在颈静脉球瘤术前栓塞中的应用价值

目的探讨神经介入治疗在颈静脉球瘤术前造影和栓塞的应用价值。方法收集19例颈静脉球瘤患者均经手术病理证实,所有患者于术前行双侧颈内、外动脉和椎动脉造影检查,随即行供血动脉栓塞,于栓塞术后72h内行手术切除。结果 19例颈静脉球瘤患者均成功行脑血管造影,造影显示由颈外动脉供血。所有患者均栓塞成功,17例完全栓塞,2例大部分栓塞。外科手术中显示16例肿瘤切除时出血明显减少;3例出血较多。结论术前栓塞颈静脉球瘤对于减少术中出血,提供清晰手术视野,减少对毗邻重要神经和血管的损伤有重要作用。术前栓塞是安全可靠的,可作为术前常规应用。     

术前超选择性栓塞高血运脑膜瘤的临床意义

目的　探讨术前超选择性血管内栓塞对高血运脑膜瘤的疗效和临床意义。方法　在术前3～ 9d ,对 98例高血运脑膜瘤行DSA检查和微导管超选择栓塞肿瘤供血动脉 ,栓塞材料包括PVA颗粒、明胶海绵和真丝线段等。栓塞后行手术切除肿瘤。结果　高血运脑膜瘤主要由脑膜中动脉、咽升动脉、枕动脉、颌内动脉及副脑膜动脉供血。栓塞后 ,4 2例肿瘤染色在影像学上完全消失 ,5 6例肿瘤染色大部分或部分消失。绝大部分患者均在栓塞后的 3～ 9d进行了开颅手术切除肿瘤。全切除肿瘤 6 4例 ,术中平均出血 95 0ml;次全切除 34例 ,术中平均出血 15 0 0ml。结论　最佳手术时机是栓塞后 7～ 9d。高血运脑膜瘤的术前栓塞能明显减少术中出血 ,提高手术安全性及全切率 ,是一种安全、有效的微创方法。     

介入放射学在颈静脉球瘤术前应用的价值

目的:评价介入放射学在颈静脉球瘤术前应用的价值.方法:本组9例颈静脉瘤患者均经手术病理证实,所有患者于术前行双侧颈内、外动脉和椎动脉造影检查,对其中7例患者行术前供血动脉栓塞及患侧颈内动脉球囊阻断试验以了解Willis'环功能.结果:9例颈静脉球瘤患者术前造影及7例供血动脉栓塞均获成功,肿瘤切除术中出血明显减少;6例通过颈内动脉球囊阻断试验,术中施行颈内动脉结扎术,术后随访均未出现神经系统症状或体征.结论:颈静脉球瘤术前供血动脉栓塞及颈内动脉球囊阻断试验是安全可靠的,可作为常规术前检查.     

术前栓塞在颅底脑膜瘤手术中的价值

目的 回顾42例颅底脑膜瘤施行术前栓塞治疗效果.方法 对42例颅底脑膜瘤行数字减影血管造影术检查并选择性栓塞肿瘤供血动脉,栓塞的材料包括明胶海绵和聚乙烯醇颗粒.栓塞后3～7 d行手术切除肿瘤.结果 单纯的颈外动脉供血(Ⅰ型)7例,颈内外动脉联合供血者(Ⅱ Ⅲ型)35例.肿瘤全切除24 例,大部切除13例,部分切除5例,无栓塞相关并发症.结论 颅底脑膜瘤的术前栓塞能明显减少术中出血,缩短手术时间,提高手术安全性及全切率.     

鼻咽血管纤维瘤术前供血动脉栓塞的临床应用

目的探讨鼻咽血管纤维瘤术前供血动脉栓塞的临床应用价值。方法7例患者,确诊为鼻咽血管纤维瘤。为控制术中出血,采用Seldinger技术,行供血动脉造影及栓塞治疗。栓塞剂为明胶海绵、PVA颗粒。另选7例为术前未行供血动脉栓塞直接手术切除的鼻咽血管纤维瘤患者作为对照组,对术中出血、输血量作比较。结果7例行供血动脉栓塞患者术中出血量及输血量明显减少,两者比较差异有显著性;手术见瘤周水肿明显,易于剥离。结论鼻咽血管纤维瘤术前供血动脉栓塞术对于减少术中出血具有明显疗效。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.