胸、腹腔镜辅助下食管癌根治术管状胃代食管效果观察

目的探讨胸、腹腔镜辅助下食管癌根治、管状胃代食管术的效果。方法对33例食管癌患者实施胸、腹腔镜辅助下食管癌根治术管状胃代食管治疗,回顾性分析患者的临床资料。结果全部患者均顺利完成手术,手术时间(213.56±25.25)min、术中出血量(125.69±21.54)m L、管状胃直径(4.12±0.36)cm、管状胃长度(31.25±3.11)cm、术后胸管留置时间(7.21±1.11)d、胸腔引流量(178.25±23.58)m L、住院时间(13.25±3.25)d、并发症总发生率9.09%。无围手术期死亡病例。结论管状胃成形术运用于胸、腹腔镜辅助下食管癌根治术中,可有效减少术后并发症发生率,提高患者术后生活质量。     

管状胃在食管癌切除术颈部吻合中的应用

目的探讨管状胃在食管癌切除术食管胃颈部吻合中的临床应用,总结其经验。方法将苏北人民医院2007年1月至2009年1月经"颈、胸、腹"三切口手术治疗食管癌患者850例,按手术先后分成A、B两组。A组行管状胃代食管手术,共425例,男287例,女138例;年龄(58.2±11.5)岁,其中食管上段癌27例,食管中段癌346例,食管下段癌52例。B组行全胃代食管手术,共425例,男298例,女127例;年龄(58.5±12.8)岁,其中食管上段癌33例,食管中段癌338例,食管下段癌54例。观察两组患者手术时间、住院时间以及术后吻合口瘘、吻合口狭窄、胸胃综合征、反流性食管炎等术后并发症的发生情况。结果全组患者均顺利完成手术,无死亡患者,A、B两组手术时间[(175.0±12.8)min vs.(171.0±10.5)min,t=1.702,P>0.05]和术后住院时间[(16.0±8.5)dvs.(16.3±8.8)d,t=1.773,P>0.05]差异均无统计学意义。术后随访6个月,无失访,A组吻合口瘘(χ2=5.550,P<0.05),反流性食管炎(χ2=9.150,P<0.05),胸胃综合征(χ2=10.500,P<0.05)等并发症发生率比B组低,且差异有统计学意义。两组吻合口狭窄发生率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.120,P>0.05)。结论在经"颈、胸、腹"三切口治疗食管癌手术中,管状胃代食管更符合生理解剖要求,降低吻合口瘘、胸胃综合征及反流性食管炎等并发症发生率,改善患者术后生活质量。     

管状胃代食管在老年食管癌手术中的应用

目的 评价管状胃和全胃代食管在老年食管癌患者(年龄大于60岁)手术中的应用效果.方法 选取2008年5月至2012年5月我院收治的127例60岁以上食管癌患者,按手术方式不同随机分为全胃代食管手术组(全胃组)和管状胃代食管手术组(管状胃组).全胃组63例,管状胃组64例,观察两组患者术中出血、手术时间、术后乳糜胸、术后喉返神经麻痹、吻合口瘘、吻合口狭窄、心律失常、胸胃综合征、返流性食管炎、肺部并发症及住院时间等临床指标.结果 两组患者均顺利完成根治手术,无探查手术,无围手术期死亡.在术中出血、手术时间、术后乳糜胸、术后喉返神经麻痹、吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义,而两组心律失常、胸胃综合征发生率、返流性食管炎发生率、肺部并发症发生率、术后住院时间等指标比较,差异均有统计学意义.结论 管状胃在老年食管癌手术中,可以降低部分并发症发生率,可缩短住院时间和改善患者的生活质量,收到较好的临床效果.     

管状胃在食管癌手术应用的临床研究进展

正食管切除后的食管重建是食管外科需要面对的主要问题。传统的代食管器官包括胃、结肠和空肠等。临床上常用的胃代食管方式包括全胃、次全胃、半管状胃和细管状胃等~([1])。Haverkamp等~([2])调查世界范围内435位胸外科医生代食管器官选择,95.0%选择管状胃,3.0%选择间置空肠,1.0%选择间置结肠,1.0%选择全胃。管状胃是食管癌术中代食管的首选器官。     

加速康复外科在胸腹腔镜联合食管癌根治术中的应用

目的 探讨加速康复外科(ERAS)对行胸腹腔镜联合食管癌根治术患者术后恢复及其对护理工作满意度的影响.方法 将行胸腹腔镜联合食管癌根治术的患者随机分为ERAS组和对照组.比较2组患者的手术时间及术后下床活动时间、肛门恢复排气时间、住院时间和并发症发生率.统计出院时2组患者对护理工作的满意度.结果 ERAS组患者的手术时...     

胸腹腔镜联合食管癌根治术的临床应用

目前,食管癌的主要治疗方式仍是手术切除加区域淋巴结清扫并消化道重建。传统的开胸和开腹手术创伤大,术后并发症多。而胸腔镜和腹腔镜的应用明显改善了食管癌患者术后生活质量。安徽医科大学附属安徽省立医院胸外科回顾性对比分析自2008年6月至2013年9月间行胸腹腔镜联合食管癌根治术加颈部吻合术（ minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy,MIME）及胸腔镜开腹食管癌根治术患者的临床资料,以期为食管癌的治疗提供参考。     

管状胃代食管术在食管癌、贲门癌中的临床应用研究

目的探讨管状胃在食管癌、贲门癌切除术中的临床应用及对术后生活质量的影响。方法78例食管癌、贲门癌患者,随机分为常规手术组和管状胃组。常规组37例,男31例,女6例,年龄（62．70±5．89）岁,胸中段食管癌21例,胸下段食管癌14例,贲门癌2例。管状胃组41例,男33例,女8例,年龄（60．56±6．75）岁,胸中段食管癌20例,胸下段食管癌18例,贲门癌3例。观察两组患者手术时间、术中出血、输血,术后心律失常,肺部并发症,吻合口瘘,吻合口狭窄,返流性食管炎,胸胃综合征发生率及住院时间等临床指标。结果丽组患者均顺利完成手术,无围手术期死亡,两组心律失常（40．54％比19．51％,P=0．042）、肺部并发症（32．43％比12．20％,P=0．031）、返流性食管炎（27．02％比4．87％,P=0．007）、胸胃综合征发生率（16．22％比0,P=0．024）及术后住院时间[（12．16±1．99）d比（10．87±1．41）d,P=0．001）]等指标比较差异有统计学意义。而在手术时间,术中出血、输血,吻合口瘘及吻合口狭窄发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论管状胃在食管癌、贲门癌手术中并发症发生率较低,不增加手术时间、可缩短住院时间,可改善患者的生活质量,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

比较管状胃与次全胃代食管颈部吻合术在食管癌根治术中的应用效果

目的比较管状胃与次全胃代食管颈部吻合术在食管癌根治术中的应用效果。方法选取180例在嵩县人民医院接受手术治疗的食管癌患者。将2013-01—2015-01间实施的管状胃代食管手术作为对照组,将2015-02—2017-02间实施的次全胃代食管手术作为观察组,各90例。比较2组手术时间及术后吻合口瘘的发生率。结果对照组手术时间160~180 min,平均170 min;观察组为150~170 min,平均165 min。2组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。对照组发生颈部吻合口瘘18例(20.00%),观察组1例(1.11%),2组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论与管状胃代食管颈部吻合术比较,次全胃代食管颈部吻合术方法简单、易于操作、颈部吻合口瘘发生率低,适合食管癌术中作为食管替代物重建消化道。     

管状胃在食管、贲门癌手术中的临床应用

目的评价管状胃技术在食管、贲门癌患者根治手术中的临床效果。方法选取2008年1～10月瑞金医院胸外科收治的食管、贲门癌患者74例,按采取的手术方法不同分为管状胃组和胸腔胃组,管状胃组:46例,男36例,女10例;年龄59.67±9.96岁(36～77岁);食管癌31例,其中胸上段食管癌1例,胸中段食管癌23例,胸下段食管癌7例;贲门癌15例;采用左颈部吻合2例,主动脉弓上吻合19例,主动脉弓下吻合10例,贲门癌根治15例。胸腔胃组:28例,男25例,女3例;年龄59.17±11.33岁(37～86岁);食管癌22例,其中胸上段食管癌1例,胸中段食管癌17例,胸下段食管癌4例;贲门癌6例;采用左颈部吻合2例,主动脉弓上吻合17例,主动脉弓下吻合3例,贲门癌根治6例。观察两组患者手术后吻合口瘘发生率、手术时间、住院时间等临床指标。结果两组患者均顺利完成手术,管状胃组无吻合口瘘发生;胸腔胃组发生肺部感染并发症4例,死亡1例;管状胃组与胸腔胃组手术时间(180.00±10.34 min vs.185.00±6.23 min,t=1.669,P=0.078),术后住院时间(16.78±9.98 d vs.16.89±11.53 d,t=1.665,P=0.075)比较差异无统计学意义。结论管状胃在食管癌手术中并发症发生率较低,不增加手术时间和住院时间,可改善患者的生活质量,具有较好地临床应用价值。     

3D腹腔镜单向式胃游离在食管癌微创化治疗中的应用

目的 评价3D腹腔镜单向式胃游离法应用于食管癌微创化根治术的安全性、可行性及短期疗效.方法 回顾性分析武汉大学人民医院胸外科2018年2月至2019年12月收治的行胸腹腔镜下McKeown三切口食管癌根治术(二野淋巴结清扫)的118例食管癌患者的临床资料,其中男94例、女24例,年龄53.7(41～77)岁.其中55例...     

管状胃与全胃重建食管治疗食管癌的疗效分析

目的 探讨管状胃与全胃重建食管治疗食管癌的疗效.方法 将280例食管癌手术患者按手术方式不同分成管状胃组（116例）和全胃组（164例）,回顾性分析两组患者术后并发症、生存质量及生存时间的差异.结果 管状胃组和全胃组术后前3d胃肠减压管引流量分别为第1天（120±55） ml、（220±60） ml,第2天（80 ±28） ml、（190±50） ml,第3天（65±32） ml、（260±80） ml,两组相比,差异有统计学意义;术后1周反流性食管炎发生率分别为35.2％ （41/116）和66.4％（109/164）,P＜0.05;术后1年生存质量满意率分别为82.7％（96/116）和53.3％（109/164）（P＜0.05）;而在术后肺部并发症、1年复发率、吻合口瘘、吻合口狭窄方面差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 食管癌根治手术中,管状胃组疗效要优于全胃手术组.     

Minimally invasive esophagectomy for caustic esophageal stricture in children

Esophageal stricture after lye ingestion in children is the most frequent indication for esophagectomy in children, but this operation entails significant risks for complications. With continuing advances in minimally invasive technology, complex procedures such as esophagectomy can be performed using small incisions, with the aim of reducing morbidity and mortality. Experience with minimally invasive esophagectomy is limited and has involved thoracoscopic dissection with the addition of laparotomy for gastric mobilization. The authors report a case of intractable caustic esophageal stricture in a child treated by a totally minimally invasive esophagectomy through a combined thoracoscopic and laparoscopic approach. In adult patients, this procedure has been associated with decreased hospital stay and more rapid return to normal activities, and we believe similar benefits will be obtained in children. Until further studies are done to show the advantage over the standard open technique, this procedure should be performed only in centers with experience in open esophageal surgery in children as well as by surgeons with advanced thoracoscopic and laparoscopic skills.     

Reliable preparation of the gastric tube for cervical esophagogastrostomy after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer

Maintaining sufficient blood flow to the gastric tube is essential to avoid anastomotic leakage after esophageal reconstruction for esophageal cancer. We were able to obtain sufficient blood flow to the tip of the gastric tube by separating the inferior polar branches of the splenic vessels at their origin. By using this procedure, we were able to preserve the junction between the left gastroepiploic vessels and the inferior short gastric vessels without splenectomy. The entire greater omentum also was preserved to use the network between the right and left gastroepiploic vessels. Finally, the anastomotic site was wrapped with the omentum. By using these techniques, the anastomotic site of the gastric tube was well nourished in all patients who underwent esophageal reconstruction for esophageal cancer; anastomotic leakage did not occur.     

微创McKeown食管切除术治疗食管下段癌的临床价值

目的探讨微创McKeown食管切除术治疗下段食管癌的临床价值。方法选取2013-01-2017-06间在郑州大学第一附属医院接受食管切除术的下段食管癌患者。将行微创McKeown手术的患者作为微创组,将行开放Sweet手术的患者作为开放组,倾向得分匹配(PSM)用于降低2组一般资料的统计学差异。比较2组患者的疗效。结果全部患者均顺利完成手术。2组患者的病死率、肺部并发症和吻合口漏发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。微创组淋巴结清扫数、平均住院费用和手术时间均多于开放组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论微创McKeown食管切除术治疗下段食管癌,较传统开放手术淋巴结清扫数多,但手术时间和治疗费用较多。     

A procedure to elongate the stomach tube in the esophageal replacement

When the stomach tube has to be lengthened in case of antethoracic esophageal replacement, a circumferential seromuscular incision is made and the lesser curvature side of the tube is cut through, in the same line of incision. The rent produced is longitudinally suture-closed, by which a definite elongation (about 2 cm by each incision), is obtained. In our department the antethoracic use of the stomach tube has been carried out since 1968, the elongation procedure was started in 1973 as a trial, then its application became more frequent since 1978 and was performed whenever the tube seemed to be deficient in length. The stomach tube was used in 40 cases, of which 17 underwent the elongation procedure. With regard to the suture leak at the site of the antethoracic esophagogastric anastomosis, the incidence was 50 per cent from 1968 to 1972, 54 per cent from 1973 to 1977 and 22 per cent in the last 5 years. Thus, a distinct improvement has occurred with time. These data were reported at the 7th World Congress of the Collegium International Chirurgiae Digestive, Tokyo, September, 1982     

Revascularization using the short gastric vessels of the gastric tube after subtotal esophagectomy for intrathoracic esophageal carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Maintaining sufficient blood flow to the substitutive organ after esophagectomy is essential to decrease the risk of anastomotic leakage. STUDY DESIGN: Forty-one patients underwent subtotal esophagectomy for intrathoracic esophageal carcinoma and reconstruction using the gastric tube. Additional vascular anastomosis between the short gastric vessels and the vessels in the neck was performed in 15 patients. Tissue blood flow was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry before and after vascular anastomosis. The incidence of anastomotic leakage in the revascularization group was compared with that in the remaining 26 patients. RESULTS: Venous anastomosis was performed in 14 patients and arterial anastomosis in 9. There was a significant increase in tissue blood flow after venous anastomosis alone (mean percent increase: 36%; p < 0.01), and after arterial and venous anastomoses (mean percent increase: 108%; p < 0.01). No anastomotic leakage was observed in the revascularization group; six patients (23.1%) in the control group had leakage (p < 0.05). Patients in the revascularization group started taking a meal 10.0 +/- 0.4 days postoperatively, compared with 15.1 +/- 1.8 days in the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Additional vascular anastomosis in esophageal reconstruction after subtotal esophagectomy achieved good results. This procedure can reduce the risk of anastomotic leakage and may be useful for esophageal reconstruction.     

Laparoscopic intragastric surgery for gastric tube cancer following esophagectomy

As a result of the recent improvement of the prognosis of esophageal cancer, the reporting frequency of gastric tube cancer following esophageal cancer has increased. Gastric tube total resection following median sternotomy, a highly invasive surgical procedure, is applied to the cases of advanced gastric tube cancer, whereas endoscopic mucosal resection is selected for the cases of early gastric tube cancer. If endoscopic mucosal resection is not applicable for some reason, partial or total resection of the gastric tube following median sternotomy has been selected. We applied laparoscopic intragastric surgery to such a case: The patient, a 59-year-old man with esophageal cancer, had undergone subtotal esophagectomy followed by gastric tube reconstruction through the retrosternal route 6 years before. Since endoscopy revealed early gastric cancer in the body of the stomach, we tried to perform mucosal resection but failed because of anastomotic stenosis. However, we successfully performed intragastric surgery, in which a camera and forceps were inserted directly into the gastric tube. Thus, laparoscopic intragastric surgery is a useful technique in cases to which endoscopic mucosal resection is not applicable.     

Second primary carcinoma in the gastric tube constructed as an esophageal substitute after esophagectomy

BACKGROUND: The prognosis of esophageal carcinoma has improved, but along with this improvement, concern has increased about the occurrence of second primary carcinoma, especially gastric carcinoma, in tubes constructed from the stomach after esophagectomy. We describe our experience in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric tube carcinoma. STUDY DESIGN: We retrospectively examined 31 cases of gastric tube carcinoma; these cases occurred in 26 patients who received esophagectomy between September 1968 and October 2000. RESULTS: Surgical resection was performed in 10 patients. Gastrectomy with regional lymph node dissection was performed in 7 patients and partial resection of the stomach without lymph node dissection in 3 patients. In 6 patients leakage was encountered after gastrectomy; 3 of these patients died of multiple organ failure. Only one of the gastrectomy patients is alive without disease. Over the past 7 years, 15 patients with 20 lesions have been treated by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). Three of these patients required additional operation because of massive submucosal invasion by the tumor. One complication occurred at EMR, but it was successfully treated by conservative therapy. All patients treated by EMR alone were alive with neither local nor distant metastasis during a median followup period of 27.5 months. Of those patients who received surgical resection initially and were diagnosed as inoperable, all 10 had not received periodic checkups and had some symptoms. In contrast, of 15 patients who underwent EMR, all 20 lesions were found by annual followup endoscopic examination in the absence of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: EMR for gastric tube carcinoma is safe and has few complications, in contrast to surgical resection of the gastric tube, which places a severe burden on the patient and has high morbidity and mortality. Early detection of the tumor by annual endoscopic examination is recommended for achieving good outcomes in gastric tube carcinoma after esophagectomy.