乳腺癌患者CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞的变化及意义

目的:探讨乳腺癌患者CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞(简称Foxp3+Treg)的变化及意义。方法:选择40例乳腺癌患者和32例乳腺良性肿瘤患者,采用流式细胞术检测外周血Foxp3+Treg、CD8+CD28+T细胞、NK细胞水平;用Western blot和RT-PCR病变乳腺组织Foxp3蛋白与m RNA表达。结果:乳腺癌患者外周血中Foxp3+Treg比例较乳腺良性肿瘤患者明显升高,而CD8+CD28+T细胞、NK细胞比例明显降低(均P0.05),且乳腺癌患者外周血Foxp3+Treg水平与CD8+CD28+T细胞和NK细胞水平呈负相关(r=-0.631,r=-0.578,均P0.05);乳腺癌患者术后外周血Foxp3+Treg水平较术前明显降低(P0.05)。乳腺癌组织中Foxp3蛋白与m RNA的表达均较乳腺良性肿瘤组织明显升高(均P0.05)。结论:Foxp3+Treg和其标记分子Foxp3在乳腺癌患者中的表达增加,且可能通过抑制CD8+CD28+T细胞和NK细胞而产生肿瘤免疫抑制。     

来氟米特对狼疮鼠体内CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg细胞的影响

目的：探讨来氟米特（leflunomide）对狼疮小鼠体内CD4^＋CD25^＋调节性T细胞（Treg）及其特异性转录因子Foxp3基因表达水平的影响,分析其发挥免疫调节作用的可能机制。方法：取MRL/Lpr系狼疮小鼠18只随机分成对照组、来氟米特组、醋酸泼尼松组,对其进行药物干预,8周后流式细胞仪检测脾组织CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg数量变化,荧光定量RT-PCR检测各组脾组织Foxp3 mRNA基因表达变化。结果：来氟米特组、醋酸泼尼松组与对照组相比其体内CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg在CD4＋T细胞中所占比例及Foxp3 mRNA的表达均有所增加,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;其中以来氟米特组增加较为显著。结论：来氟米特及醋酸泼尼松均能提高狼疮鼠体内CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg细胞水平及其特异性转录因子Foxp3 mRNA表达水平。推测其缓解SLE发展的机制之一可能是促进了具有抑制自身免疫反应的CD4^＋CD25^＋调节性T细胞增殖所致。     

不同分期前列腺癌患者外周血CD4~+ CD25~+ Foxp3~+调节性T细胞的变化及与胰岛素抵抗的相关性

目的 :观察不同分期前列腺癌患者外周血单个核细胞CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞的变化及与胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法:采用流式细胞术检测62例前列腺癌患者(患者组,临床TNM分期Ⅰ期5例、Ⅱ期16例、Ⅲ期21例、Ⅳ期20例)外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞数目,计算CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞占CD4+T淋巴细胞的百分率;并检测其空腹胰岛素及空腹血糖水平,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR);采用ELISA法测定外周血胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)水平,分析CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞与胰岛素抵抗的相关性,并与42例健康体检者进行对照。结果:与健康对照组相比,前列腺癌患者HOMAIR明显升高(6.68±1.66 vs 3.68±1.42),IGF-1水平明显下降[(96.39±21.21)ng/ml vs(164.56±30.58)ng/ml],PBMC CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg占CD4+T淋巴细胞的百分率[(13.88±0.96)%vs(5.33±0.65)%]及CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg绝对值[(3.55±0.29)×107vs(1.99±0.78)×107]明显升高(P0.05,P0.01)。患者PBMC CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg占CD4+T淋巴细胞的百分率及CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg绝对数﹑HOMA-IR均随TNM分期逐渐加重而增加,IGF-1逐渐下降;相关性分析表明:CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg/CD4+T及CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg绝对数均与HOMA-IR呈明显正相关(r分别为0.689、0.722,P0.01),与IGF-1呈明显负相关(r分别为-0.896、-0.747,P0.01)。结论:前列腺癌患者存在不同程度的胰岛素抵抗,且随着疾病程度的加重,外周血CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞数目和比例及胰岛素抵抗逐渐加重;CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞可能通过调节胰岛素抵抗参与其形成和发展。     

OX40信号调节抑制小鼠CD4+CD25+调节性T淋巴细胞Foxp3的表达

目的 探讨共刺激信号OX40对体外诱导的小鼠CD4+ CD25+适应性调节性T淋巴细胞(iTreg)的Foxp3表达的影响.方法 制备C57BL/6小鼠淋巴细胞悬液,经免疫磁珠法分选,获得CD4+ CD25-静息T淋巴细胞,与抗CD3单克隆抗体、抗CD28单克隆抗体、转化生长因子β1、白细胞介素2共孵育,诱导产生Foxp3+ iTreg.在此基础上,于培养体系中加入OX40激动型抗体及其对照抗体,利用流式细胞仪分析研究OX40信号刺激对iTreg Foxp3表达的影响.结果 C57BL/6小鼠淋巴结中CD4+ CD25+天然调节性T淋巴细胞(Treg)比例为(5.0±0.4)％,体外诱导培养的CD4+CD25+ Treg比例为(71.8±13.4)％,其中Foxp3阳性表达占(74.9±1.9)％.OX40激动型抗体组CD4+ CD25+ Treg细胞比例为(80.0±1.6)％,其中Foxp3表达水平为(59.2±0.7)％;OX40激动型抗体对照抗体组CD4+ CD25+ Treg细胞比例为(86.0±1.4)％,其中Foxp3表达水平为(70.0±0.8)％,两组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 静息T淋巴细胞可以在体外诱导培养获得高纯度iTreg;OX40信号刺激可以显著抑制CD25+ iTreg细胞Foxp3的表达.     

CD8+T细胞和调节性T细胞在食管癌中表达及与预后的关系

目的 探讨食管癌组织中CD8+T细胞、Foxp3阳性调节性T细胞(regulatory T cells,Treg)表达及对预后的影响.方法 应用免疫组织化学SP法检测CD8、Foxp3在90例食管癌组织间质、癌巢中的表达,计数阳性细胞,分析阳性细胞数目与预后的关系.结果 间质中CD8+T细胞的数量与浸润深度、分化程度呈负相关(P<0.05);Foxp3+Treg细胞数量与淋巴结转移、病变长度呈正相关(P<0.05).本组病例3年总生存率66.67%(60/90).单因素生存分析显示,无论癌巢或间质中,CD8+T细胞计数高者的总体生存曲线优于计数低者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);roxp3+Treg细胞计数高者的累计生存情况较计数低者差(P<0.05).多因素分析显示,间质浸润的CD8+T、Foxp3+Treg细胞数量和病变长度是影响生存期的独立因素(P<0.05).结论 间质中浸润的CD8+T细胞数量、Foxp3+Treg细胞数量是影响食管癌患者预后的独立因素,Foxp3+Treg细胞数量增多预后不良,CD8+T细胞数量增多则预后良好.     

CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞与肿瘤免疫的研究进展

CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(Treg)是一类具有免疫调节功能的T细胞亚群,可通过直接接触和细胞因子依赖等方式下调机体免疫反应,维持自身免疫耐受。近年来,Treg细胞已成为自身免疫、肿瘤免疫及移植免疫等领域的研究热点。本文就该类细胞的研究现状及其在肿瘤治疗方面的作用进行简要综述。     

CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+调节性T细胞对结直肠癌肿瘤免疫的影响及与临床病理的关系

目的:初步研究CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+调节性T细胞在结直肠癌中抑制肿瘤免疫的可能机制。方法:结直肠癌组织48例,大肠息肉组织22例,正常大肠组织21例,采用免疫组化的方法检测Foxp3+调节性T细胞及IL-10阳性细胞在上述组织中的表达;采用RT-PCR的方法检测Foxp3及Stat3 m RNA在不同组织中的表达情况,用Pearson法分析Foxp3与IL-10、Stat3的相关性及其与肿瘤临床病理特点之间的关系。结果:Foxp3及IL-10在结直肠癌组织中阳性细胞表达率分别为45.8%、68.8%,较息肉组织(13.6%、31.8%)及正常组织(9.52%、23.8%)显著升高(P0.01);肿瘤组织中Foxp3及Stat3m RNA的相对表达量分别为0.644±0.059、0.343±0.036,较息肉组织(0.322±0.020、0.212±0.028)及正常组织(0.309±0.016、0.202±0.021)明显增强(P0.01);结直肠癌组织中Foxp3与Stat3基因表达量呈正相关(r=0.526.P0.05),Foxp3与IL-10蛋白表达呈正相关(r=0.314,P0.05);肿瘤组织中Foxp3的表达量与组织学分级、淋巴结转移、TNM分期相关(P0.05),与年龄、性别无明显相关(P0.05);Stat3的表达量与临床分期及淋巴结转移相关(P0.05);IL-10表达量与肿瘤分化水平、临床分期相关(P0.05)。结论:CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞通过Foxp3及其他相关抑制性细胞因子的表达抑制肿瘤免疫,进而引起肿瘤免疫逃逸,从而促进肿瘤的发生发展。     

乳腺癌患者外周血CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞水平的检测及意义

目的：探讨乳腺癌患者外周血CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞（Treg）水平检测的意义。 方法：流式细胞术检测74例乳腺癌患者与30例健康对照者外周血CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg占CD4+T细胞百分比,分析CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞水平与乳腺癌患者临床病理特征及相关免疫组化指标的关系。 结果：乳腺癌患者外周血CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg占CD4+T细胞的百分比高于健康对照者[（9.15± 2.24）% vs.（2.29±1.36）%],差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。统计分析显示,乳腺癌患者外周血CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞水平与肿瘤组织学分级、淋巴结转移、pTNM分期以及HER-2、pS2、nm23的表达有关（均P<0.05）,而与肿瘤大小、病理类型以及雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）、p53、Ki-67表达无关（均P>0.05）。进一步相关性分析显示,CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞水平与肿瘤组织学分级、淋巴结转移数、pTNM分期、HER-2的表达呈正相关（r=0.583,r=0.333,r=0.919,r=0.604,均P<0.05）而与pS2、nm23表达呈负相关（r=-0.229,r=-0.401,均P<0.05）。 结论：乳腺癌患者外周血CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞水平升高,并与与乳腺癌的进展、转移密切相关,对其检测可能有助于患者预后及治疗效果的评估。

     

CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞在维持小鼠肝脏移植自发性免疫耐受状态中的作用

目的 探讨CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞在维持小鼠肝脏移植免疫耐受状态中的作用.方法 进行小鼠原位肝脏移植,诱导出移植免疫耐受后,向受体注射抗CD25抗体(PC61)以去除CD4+CD25+T细胞,检测受体内CD4+CD25+T细胞数量及叉状头/翅膀状螺旋转录因子(Foxp3)的表达以确定CD4+CD25+T细胞完全被清除,同时观察受体生存时间.结果 与同种同系小鼠肝脏移植结果 相似,同种异系肝脏移植小鼠的生存时间亦均超过70 d.移植免疫耐受诱导后,PC61不同注射方案均能完全去除受体小鼠肝脏、脾脏及血液中的CD4+CD25+T细胞,且移植肝脏中Foxp3 mRNA的表达也明显降低,表明完全去除了CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞,但肝脏移植动物生存时间并未受到影响.结论 CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞对于小鼠肝脏移植自发性免疫耐受的维持并非必需.     

Foxp3+ Treg细胞与胃癌的研究进展

调节性T细胞(Treg)是重要的免疫调节功能细胞,叉头状p3因子(Foxp3)对Treg细胞的发育和功能调节至关重要。通常认为Foxp3+Treg细胞通过抑制效应T细胞功能从而削弱机体对肿瘤细胞的免疫反应,对肿瘤的发生发展有着密切的联系。这些细胞主要是肿瘤浸润性淋巴细胞(TIL)中的Foxp3+Treg细胞,其聚集在癌周的具体机制仍不清楚。然而,亦有认为Foxp3+Treg细胞可抑制肿瘤生长,Foxp3高表达与疾病的良好预后有关。笔者通过文献复习,分析结论相左的原因可能与胃癌类型、Foxp3检测抗体、Foxp3+Treg细胞亚型有关。因此,鉴定出具有稳定免疫抑制功能的Foxp3+Treg细胞亚型,分析各亚型与各类型胃癌之间的关系,才能得出更可靠的数据。     

Acceleration of apoptosis in CD4+CD8+ thymocytes by rapamycin accompanied by increased CD4+CD25+ T cells in the periphery

BACKGROUND: Rapamycin (Rapa) is an immunosuppressant that is used in patients and animal models to control allograft rejection. Its mechanisms of action are not fully understood. In this article, the authors have investigated the effects of therapeutic doses of Rapa on both thymic and peripheral T-cell populations in the adult rat. METHODS: The therapeutic dosage of Rapa was optimized using cardiac transplantation between LEW and DA rats. Thymic morphology was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Flow cytometric analysis was performed to analyze T-cell phenotype and apoptosis. T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated T-cell responsiveness was evaluated by 3[H]-thymidine deoxyribose incorporation. RESULTS: Rapa induced atrophy in the thymus but not in peripheral lymphoid organs. Moreover, fibrosis occurred in thymus that was long-lasting after Rapa withdrawal. In animals treated with Rapa, there was a significant reduction in CD4+CD8+ thymocytes caused by accelerated apoptosis, whereas CD4-CD8-, CD4+CD8-, and CD8+CD4- populations remained unaffected. In contrast, the cellularity of the periphery lymphoid organs was not altered. Within the CD4+ thymocyte population, CD4+CD25+ thymocytes were resistant to Rapa-accelerated apoptosis, and in the periphery, the ratio of CD4+CD25+ to CD4+CD25- T cells was increased. Notably, the peripheral CD4+CD25+ T cells were hyporesponsive to TCR-mediated activation. CONCLUSIONS: The resistance of the peripheral CD4+CD25+ T cells to Rapa treatment might contribute to its immunosuppressive action. The long-term effects of Rapa on thymus atrophy and thymocyte development requires consideration with respect to its clinical application.     

CD19+CD5+ B cells in primary IgA nephropathy

The source of IgA and the mechanism for deposition of IgA in the mesangium remain unknown for primary IgA nephropathy. Because CD19(+)CD5(+) B cells are important producers of IgA and contribute to several autoimmune diseases, they may play an important role in IgA nephropathy. In this study, flow cytometry, quantitative PCR, and confocal microscopy were used to assess the frequency, distribution, Ig production, CD phenotypes, cytokine production, and sensitivity to apoptosis of CD19(+)CD5(+) B cells in the peripheral blood, peritoneal fluid, and kidney biopsies of 36 patients with primary IgA nephropathy. All patients with IgA nephropathy were significantly more likely to have CD19(+)CD5(+) B cells in the peripheral blood, peritoneal fluid, and kidney biopsies than were five control subjects and 10 patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus. The 33 patients who had IgA nephropathy and responded to treatment demonstrated a significant decrease in CD19(+)CD5(+) B cells in the peripheral blood, peritoneal fluid, and kidney (all P < 0.01). In the three patients who had IgA nephropathy and did not respond to treatment, the frequency of CD19(+)CD5(+) B cells did not change. CD19(+)CD5(+) B cells isolated from patients with untreated IgA nephropathy expressed higher levels of IgA, produced more IFN-gamma, and were more resistant to CD95L-induced apoptosis than cells isolated from control subjects and patients with lupus; these properties reversed with effective treatment of IgA nephropathy. In conclusion, these results strongly suggest that CD19(+)CD5(+) B cells play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of primary IgA nephropathy.     

CD4+CD25+ cells regulate CD8 cell anergy in neonatal tolerant mice

BACKGROUND: Injection of neonatal BALB/c mice with semi-allogeneic splenocytes leads to antigen-specific tolerance lasting into adulthood. Tolerant mice accept A/J skin grafts and fail to generate CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity against A/J targets. Anergic CD8 T cells are present in tolerant mice, and CD4 regulatory cells function to maintain CD8 cell anergy. METHODS: Neonatal BALB/c mice were injected with 108 live CAF, splenocytes, and mice were deemed tolerant by accepting A/J grafts over 40 days. CD8 cell proliferation was measured by in vitro incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine coupled with fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis. Alloantigen-specific cytotoxicity was tested using 51Cr release assays of A/J or third-party targets. RESULTS: We demonstrate that A/J-specific anergic CD8 cells are present in neonatal primed mice that develop tolerance but not in neonatal primed mice that reject A/J skin grafts. Anergic CD8 cells show decreased proliferation and no CTL activity against A/J targets. Addition of interleukin-2 (IL-2) to unfractionated cultures fails to restore CTL activity against A/J targets. However, addition of IL-2 to CD4-depleted cultures restores A/J-specific CD8 CTL activity. Removal of CD4+/CD25+ cells, but not CD4+/CD25- cells, also restores CD8 CTL activity against A/J in the presence, but not the absence, of IL-2. Moreover, when added back into cultures, purified CD4+/CD25+ cells from tolerant mice inhibit the generation of CD8 CTL against A/J targets. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that CD8 anergy is associated with the state of tolerance, and that CD4+CD25+ cells from tolerant mice function to maintain A/J-specific CD8 cell anergy in vitro.     

肝癌、肝硬化组织中CD3、CD57、CD20细胞数量与临床病理表现及预后的关系

目的探讨CD3、CD57、CD20细胞在原发性肝细胞癌(HCC)、癌旁、肝硬化及正常肝组织中的数量及意义.方法HCC 60例,单纯性肝硬化62例,正常肝组织23例,以免疫组化SP法进行CD3、CD57、CD20染色,对阳性细胞数进行定量分析并与临床资料进行相关探讨.结果(1)各组CD3+细胞平均数从高到低为癌旁组织、癌组织、肝硬化组织、正常肝组织(P＜0.05);各组CD57+细胞平均数从高到低为癌组织、癌旁组织、正常肝组织、肝硬化组织(P ＜0.05);各组CD20+细胞平均数从高到低为癌组织、癌旁组织、肝硬化组织、正常肝组织(P ＜0.01).(2)HCC中CD3+细胞、CD57+细胞、CD20+细胞与组织学分级均无明显关系.(3)HCC中CD57+细胞和CD20+细胞随着临床分期的发展有下降的趋势(P ＜0.05);HCC中CD3+细胞平均数与临床TNM分期无关.(4)HCC中15月内有转移组的CD57+、CD3+细胞数均少于无转移组(P＜0.01).HCC患者15月内有无转移与HCC和癌旁组织中的B细胞分布均无关.结论临床上,随着HCC患者的病情恶化,CD3+、CD57+、CD20+细胞逐渐减少.CD3+、CD57+、CD20+细胞可成为反映机体抗肿瘤特异性细胞免疫状态和生物学行为及判断患者预后的重要指标.     

血清微环境对小鼠T细胞衰老的调节作用

目的：探讨血清微环境对小鼠T细胞衰老的调节作用。方法：分别取年老（12～14月龄）及年轻（1.5～2月龄）小鼠各10只,提取其脾脏淋巴细胞及血清,实验分4组。组I为年老鼠T淋巴细胞＋10%年轻鼠血清;组II为年老鼠T淋巴细胞＋10%年老鼠血清;组III为年轻鼠T淋巴细胞＋10%年轻鼠血清;组IV为年轻鼠T淋巴细胞＋10%年老鼠血清。培养48h后,经流式细胞术研究CD8＋CD28＋共表达率差异。结果：组I和组II T细胞表面的CD8＋CD28＋共表达率分别是（10.84±0.6841）%和（3.18±0.1789）%,组III和组IV T细胞表面的CD8＋CD28＋共表达分别是（12.5±0.9445）%和（8.36±0.2074）%。各组间对比有统计学差异（P〈0.05）结论：血清微环境具有调节小鼠T细胞衰老的作用,年轻鼠血清能使年老鼠的T细胞表面的CD8＋CD28＋共表达率提高,年老鼠的血清能使年轻鼠的T细胞表面的CD8＋CD28＋共表达率降低。