人参二醇皂苷对LPS休克大鼠肺组织AQP1表达的影响

目的：观察内毒素(LPS)诱导的休克大鼠肺泡毛细血管内皮细胞膜水通道蛋白1(AQP1)的表达变化，及人参二醇皂苷（PDS）和糖皮质激素对其的影响。方法：应用HE染色观察肺组织病理学变化，通过免疫组织化学和免疫印迹分析的方法检测AQP1在肺组织中的表达。结果：（1）病理组织学结果显示：模型组（LPS）：肺组织可见较弥漫的间质炎性改变，细支气管周围及血管周围有明显的炎性渗出物，并可见出血，部分肺泡腔内含有水肿液，炎症病变较轻处可见代偿性肺气肿改变。然而，地塞米松组（DEX）、人参治疗组（PDS）大鼠肺脏改变明显减轻。（2）免疫组织化学显示：正常对照组（CTR）肺泡周围毛细血管内皮细胞 AQP1呈阳性表达。LPS组肺泡周围毛细血管内皮细胞AQP1呈微弱表达。DEX组和PDS 3个剂量组大鼠肺泡周围毛细血管内皮细胞 AQP1呈阳性表达，但较正常对照组弱。（3）免疫印迹分析结果显示:LPS组AQP1表达水平明显低于CTR组，PDS 3组及DEX组的AQP1表达水平虽低于CTR组，但明显高于LPS组结论：人参二醇皂苷与地塞米松有减轻LPS诱导的肺损伤作用;LPS具有抑制LPS休克肺AQP1表达的作用，而人参二醇皂苷与地塞米松能使其表达提高，这进一步证实AQP1与肺水肿形成有关。     

地塞米松对大鼠胸膜间皮细胞水通道蛋白1表达的调节

 目的：观察胸膜间皮细胞水通道蛋白1（AQP-1）的表达及地塞米松（Dex）对其表达的影响，为进一步研究胸水治疗的机制提供实验依据。方法:体外培养大鼠胸膜间皮细胞，细胞鉴定后，采用免疫细胞化学、RT-PCR方法检测AQP-1表达；应用Western blotting检测以不同浓度Dex（10^-8、10^-7、10^-6、10^-5、10^-4 mmol/L）处理细胞 24 h 及以10^-4 mmol/L Dex处理细胞 6 h、12 h、24 h、36 h、48 h、72 h后AQP-1表达情况。结果:发现胸膜间皮细胞存在AQP-1表达， 10^-8、10^-7、10^-6、10^-5、10^-4 mmol/ L Dex干预胸膜间皮细胞 24 h 后，AQP-1蛋白表达量(积分吸光度)分别为755.04±19.81、843.72±19.41、862.96±26.53、694.80±32.00、938.08±13.32，分别高于正常对照组（372.90±16.46） 2.02、2.26、2.31、1.86、2.52倍 (P<0.01)，AQP-1表达升高与地塞米松浓度无关；以10-4 mmol/L Dex干预细胞 6 h、12 h、24 h、36 h、48 h、72 h 后，AQP-1蛋白表达量分别为：554.14±23.57、917.78±38.62、1 587.20±61.22、1 322.09±28.65、918.40±26.62、1 117.60±51.32，分别高于正常对照组（495.91±23.12）1.12、1.85、3.20、2.67、1.85、2.25倍(P<0.01)，AQP-1表达与地塞米松作用时间有关。结论:胸膜间皮细胞存在AQP-1表达，地塞米松对胸膜间皮细胞AQP-1表达有明显的增强性调节作用，具有时间依赖性。     

不同级别胶质瘤肿瘤组织中水通道蛋白4表达水平分析

目的 探讨不同级别胶质瘤组织中水通道蛋白4（AQP4）表达水平的差异.方法 取我院自2008年至2012年间胶质瘤共57例石蜡包埋的肿瘤组织及10例正常脑组织,采用免疫组化法检验其AQP4水平并行统计学检验.结果 高级别胶质瘤肿瘤组织的AQP4表达水平高于低级别胶质瘤和正常脑组织的AQP4表达水平（P＜0.05）,而低级别胶质瘤的肿瘤组织与正常脑组织之间的AQP4表达水平差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 AQP4在胶质瘤中的表达水平与肿瘤病理级别密切相关.     

地塞米松对哮喘大鼠肺组织ADM及基因表达的影响

目的： 探讨地塞米松(DEX)对哮喘大鼠肺组织肾上腺髓质素(ADM)及基因表达的影响。方法: 选择30只雄性SD大鼠随机分为3组，每组10只。采用卵蛋白皮下注射及雾化吸入制成大鼠哮喘模型；采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测各组肺组织ADM的mRNA表达水平，同时用免疫组化方法检测ADM表达水平，并在光镜下观察支气管壁厚度(WA/Pi)、支气管平滑肌厚度(平滑肌面积/Pi)及肺组织形态学改变。结果: 哮喘组(A组)ADM的mRNA和蛋白表达明显高于对照组(C组)(P<0.05)；治疗组（B组）ADM的mRNA和蛋白表达进一步增加，明显高于哮喘组(A组)(P<0.01)。结论: 地塞米松促进肺组织ADM表达升高，可能是其治疗哮喘的机制之一。     

地塞米松对呼吸道合胞病毒感染哮喘加重小鼠气道TSLP分泌及炎症的影响

目的:探讨地塞米松(DEX)对呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)感染哮喘加重小鼠胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素(TSLP)分泌及气道炎症的影响。方法:雌性BALB/c小鼠32只,随机分成4组,分别为磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)对照组、鸡卵白蛋白(OVA)组、OVA/RSV组、OVA/RSV/DEX组;应用OVA腹腔注射致敏、OVA气道雾化结合RSV滴鼻激发哮喘,地塞米松1mg/kg肌肉注射;无创肺功能检测各组小鼠气道反应性;ELISA法检测小鼠血清IL-4、IL-5、IL-13、IFNγ-和气管灌洗液(BALF)TSLP含量;小鼠肺组织病理观察炎症反应,免疫组化观察小鼠气道上皮细胞TSLP表达水平。结果:无创肺功能检测显示地塞米松抑制RSV感染哮喘加重小鼠气道反应性的增高,OVA/RSV/DEX组小鼠Penh值明显低于OVA/RSV组(P<0.01);OVA/RSV/DEX组小鼠血清IL-4、IL-5、IL-13、IFNγ-浓度[分别为(86.78±27.04)、(227.66±40.87)、(194.65±73.27)和(17.33±3.06)pg/ml]和BALF中TSLP浓度[(1 873±10)pg/ml],均明显低于OVA/RSV组[分别为(274.2±103.7)、(293.3±46.1)、(330±93.5)、(30.1±5.7)、(2 127±46)pg/ml](P<0.01);病理观察显示地塞米松显著减轻RSV感染哮喘小鼠气道炎症细胞浸润;免疫组化染色证实地塞米松抑制RSV感染哮喘小鼠气道上皮细胞TSLP表达。结论:地塞米松可以抑制RSV感染哮喘加重小鼠气道上皮细胞表达TSLP,减轻RSV感染哮喘加重小鼠气道炎症反应。     

Inhaled dexamethasone differentially attenuates disease relapse and established allergic asthma in mice

Inhaled glucocorticoids are effective in patients with chronic allergic asthma. We examined the effects of inhaled glucocorticoids on relapse (allergen challenge after disease remission) and established/overt allergic asthma (repeated allergen challenge in weekly intervals) in mice to establish a reference standard for novel treatments. BALB/c mice were treated before relapse or during overt disease with 1 h of nebulized PBS or 10 mg% dexamethasone twice daily for 5 days. Dexamethasone eliminated airway hyperresponsiveness before relapse and during overt disease. They more efficiently reduced airway inflammation, mucus production, and OVA-specific IgG1 and IgE during relapse compared to overt disease. However, during overt disease, parenchymal inflammatory infiltrates were more effectively eliminated compared to relapse, suggesting that activated infiltrating leukocytes have increased sensitivity to steroids. These data demonstrate that inhaled corticosteroids attenuate relapse and overt disease differentially and suggest that both airway and parenchymal inflammation need to be evaluated for treatment efficacy.     

CpG ODN和地塞米松对哮喘气道的重塑及MMP-9、TIMP-1表达的影响

目的： 探讨非甲基化胞嘧啶-鸟嘌呤的寡核苷酸(CpG ODN)和糖皮质激素对哮喘气道重塑和肺内MMP-9及TIMP-1表达的影响。方法： 以卵蛋白致敏激发的慢性哮喘小鼠模型为对象，测定正常对照组、哮喘组、地塞米松组及CpG ODN组小鼠支气管上皮黏膜层面积(WAmuc)、平滑肌面积(WAmus)、气管内壁面积(WAi),并用支气管基底膜周径(Pbm)标准化。天狼猩红染色测定气道Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原的面积。免疫组化方法测定气道基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）及其抑制剂TIMP-1，行免疫组化图像分析。结果： (1) CpG ODN组和地塞米松组的WAmuc/Pbm、WAmus/Pbm、WAi/Pbm显著大于对照组而显著小于哮喘组（P<0.05），而CpG ODN组和地塞米松组间则无显著差异（P>0.05）;(2) CpG ODN组和地塞米松组Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原面积较大于对照组而明显低于哮喘组(P<0.05)；(3) CpG ODN组和地塞米松组MMP-9、 TIMP-1表达明显高于对照组而显著小于哮喘组(P<0.05)，而CpG ODN组和地塞米松组间则无显著差异（P>0.05）。结论： 慢性哮喘小鼠气道壁明显增厚，而早期行CpG ODN和地塞米松干预则可通过抑制肺内MMP-9、TIMP-1的表达而减轻气道重塑。     

Tanshinone IIA ameliorates seawater exposure-induced lung injury by inhibiting aquaporins (AQP) 1 and AQP5 expression in lung

Aquaporins (AQPs), a family of transmembrane water channels, mediate physiological response to changes of fluid volume and osmolarity. It is still unknown what role of AQPs plays in seawater drowning-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and whether pharmacologic modulation of AQPs could alleviate the severity of ALI caused by seawater aspiration. In our study, the results from RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that intratracheal installation of seawater up-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of AQP1 and AQP5 in lung tissues. Furthermore, we found that treatment of tanshinone IIA (TIIA, one of the main active components from Chinese herb Danshen) significantly reduced the elevation of AQP1 and AQP5 expression induced by seawater in rats, A549 cells and primary alveolar type II cells. Treatment of TIIA also improved lung histopathologic changes and blood-gas indices, and reduced lung edema and vascular leakage. These findings demonstrated that AQP1 and AQP5 might play an important role in the development of lung edema and lung injury, and that treatment with TIIA could significantly alleviate seawater exposure-induced ALI, which was probably through the inhibition of AQP1 and AQP5 over-expression in lungs.     

Decreased expression of aquaporin (AQP)1 and AQP5 in mouse lung after acute viral infection

Intratracheal infection of mice with adenovirus is associated with subsequent pulmonary inflammation and edema. Water movement through the air space-capillary barrier in the distal lung is facilitated by aquaporins (AQPs). To investigate the possibility that distal lung AQPs undergo altered regulation under conditions of aberrant fluid handling in the lung, we analyzed messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of AQPs 1 and 5 in the lungs of mice 7 and 14 d after infection with adenovirus. Here, we demonstrate that AQP1 and AQP5 show decreased expression following adenoviral infection. Northern blot analysis showed significantly decreased mRNA levels of AQP1, which is expressed in the capillary endothelium, and AQP5, which is expressed in alveolar epithelium, in the lungs of mice both 7 and 14 d after infection. Immunoblotting studies demonstrated significantly reduced levels of AQP1 and AQP5 protein after infection as well. In addition, mRNA expression of the alpha subunit of the epithelial sodium channel was reduced in the lungs of mice 7 and 14 d after adenoviral infection. In contrast, mRNA expression of the alpha1 subunit of the Na,K-adenosine triphosphatase in the lung was unaltered. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the decreases in AQP1 and AQP5 expression were not localized to regions of overt inflammation but were found throughout the lung. Thus, this study provides the first report of AQP gene regulation in an in vivo model of pulmonary inflammation and edema. Decreased AQP1 and AQP5 levels during adenoviral infection suggest a role for AQP1 and AQP5 in the abnormal fluid fluxes detected during pulmonary inflammation.     

Enhanced expression of Fas and FasL modulates apoptosis in the lungs of severe P. falciparum malaria patients with pulmonary edema

Apoptosis mediated by Fas/FasL has been implicated in pulmonary disorders. However, little is known about the relationship between Fas and FasL in the process of lung injury during malaria infection. Paraffin-embedded lung tissues from malaria patients were divided into two groups: those with pulmonary edema (PE) and those without pulmonary edema (non-PE). Normal lung tissues were used as the control group. Cellular expression of Fas, FasL, and the markers of apoptotic caspases, including cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-8 in the lung tissues were investigated by the immunohistochemistry (IHC) method. Semi-quantitative analysis of IHC staining revealed that cellular expression of Fas, FasL, cleaved caspase-8, and cleaved caspase-3 were significantly increased in the lungs of patients with PE compared with the lungs of patients with non-PE and control groups (all P < 0.05). In addition, significant positive correlations were obtained between Fas and apoptosis (r_s = 0.937, P < 0.001) and FasL and apoptosis (r_s = 0.808, P < 0.001). Significant positive correlations were found between Fas and FasL expression (r_s = 0.827, P < 0.001) and between cleaved caspase-8 and cleaved caspase-3 expression (r_s = 0.823, P < 0.001), which suggests that Fas-dependent initiator and effector caspases, including cleaved caspase-8 and caspase-3, are necessary for inducing apoptosis in the lungs of patients with severe P. falciparum malaria. The Fas/FasL system and downstream activation of caspases are important mediators of apoptosis and may be involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary edema in severe P. falciparum malaria patients. The proper regulation of the Fas/FasL pathway can be a potential treatment for pulmonary complications in falciparum malaria patients.     

雷公藤抑制致敏小鼠T细胞IL-5 mRNA的表达及核因子NFAT活性

目的：探讨雷公藤内酯醇（TP）对致敏小鼠T淋巴细胞IL－5 mRNA表达的影响及其机制。方法：采用卵蛋白（OVA）致敏的方法建立模型;运用原位杂交染色法（ISH）观察TP对T淋巴细胞IL－5 mRNA表达的影响;通过凝胶电泳迁移率实验（EMSA）对CD4^ T淋巴细胞核转录因子NFAT的DNA结合活性进行检测,同时就TP的作用与地塞米松（DM）相比较。结果：致敏小鼠T淋巴细胞IL－5 mRNA表达显著高于正常对照组（P＜0．01）,经TP、DM处理后,其IL－5 mRNA表达显著低于致敏组（P＜0．01）。致敏小鼠CD4^ T淋巴细胞体外经刀豆蛋白A（ConA）刺激后,NFAT的DNA结合活性与正常对照组比较显著增强,并呈时间依赖关系,经TP、DM处理后,NFAT的DNA结合活性显著减弱。结论：TP抑制IL－5基因转录的分子机制可能与其抑制DFAT的DNA结合活性有关。     

糖尿病大鼠下颌下腺内水通道蛋白-1和5表达变化及意义

目的:观察水通道蛋白-1(AQP1)和水通道蛋白-5(AQP5)在糖尿病大鼠下颌下腺内表达变化,探讨糖尿病患者口渴症状的发生机制.方法:SD大鼠随机分为对照组、糖尿病组、治疗组.取大鼠下颌下腺,分别进行H-E染色、免疫组织化学显色(SP法)和计算机图像分析.结果:对照组和治疗组的血糖分别与糖尿病组血糖比较,均有差异;与...     

let-7在小鼠哮喘模型气道炎性反应中的作用及机制

目的 观察let-7家族微RNA抑制剂(anti-let-7)对支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)小鼠气道炎性反应的影响,并探讨let-7参与哮喘形成的机制.方法 32只小鼠按随机数字法分为4组(n=8),即正常对照组(A组)、哮喘组(B组)、干预对照组(C组)和干预组(D组).其中B、C和D组用鸡卵蛋白(OVA)免疫,建立哮喘模型,A组以生理盐水替代OVA处理.D组小鼠激发前注射anti-let-7以抑制内源性let-7表达,C组小鼠注射乱序siRNA对照.比较各组小鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)的细胞计数,肺组织中let-7e以及BALF中白细胞介素-10(IL-10)含量;体外用anti-let-7转染肺癌细胞A549,并检测细胞中let-7e表达和细胞培养上清中IL-10的含量;荧光素酶报告法检测let-7e是否直接靶向IL-10.结果 与A组相比,B组和C组小鼠BALF中细胞总数和嗜酸粒细胞数显著增加[(20.32±5.33)×109/L和(24.74±6.69)×109/L比(7.12± 1.88)×109/L,(6.45±2.5)×109/L和(7.12±2.66)×109/L比(0.04±0.01)×109/L,均P＜0.01];肺组织中let-7e水平明显升高(分别为3.83倍和3.27倍,均P＜0.01).与C组比较,D组BALF中细胞总数和嗜酸粒细胞数明显减少[(13.85±3.74)× 109/L比(24.74±6.69)×109/L,(2.15±1.13)×109/L比(7.12±2.66)×109/L,均P＜0.05];肺组织中let-7e显著降低[(0.45±0.22)比(3.28±0.45),P＜0.01],同时BALF中IL-10水平明显升高[(4.68±0.85)比(1.70±0.29),P＜0.01].此外,在肺癌细胞A549 中转染anti-let-7,let-7e表达显著下降[(0.22±0.03)比(1.00±0.11),P＜0.01],同时培养上清中IL-10明显上升[(2.58±0.35)比(1.00±0.15),P＜0.01].体外let-7e过表达显著降低IL-10报告载体的荧光素酶活性[(0.59±0.06)比(1.00±0.03),P＜0.01],而对突变的IL-10报告载体没有抑制作用.结论 anti-let-7对哮喘小鼠气道炎性反应具有明显的抑制作用,其作用机制可能与let-7直接靶向并抑制IL-10有关.     

钙激活的氯通道gob-5和粘蛋白基因Muc5ac在小鼠哮喘模型肺部的表达

目的：研究“钙激活的氯通道”成员之一gob-5和粘蛋白基因Muc5ac在小鼠哮喘模型肺部的表达。 方法： 22只清洁级BALB/c小鼠随机分成哮喘组和对照组，用逆转录聚合酶链反应法（RT-PCR）和免疫组化法分别测定肺组织gob-5 mRNA和粘蛋白基因Muc5ac蛋白的表达。 结果： 小鼠哮喘组肺组织gob-5 mRNA表达阳性（0.2297±0.0186，A），而对照组未出现gob-5 mRNA的表达(P<0.01)；哮喘组Muc5ac蛋白表达（0.6637±0.0127，A）明显高于对照组（0.2060±0.0179，A）（P<0.01）；哮喘组肺组织gob-5 mRNA表达与Muc5ac蛋白表达呈直线正相关（r=0.864, P<0.05）。 结论： Gob-5 mRNA表达的上调可能在哮喘小鼠气道粘液过度分泌中起着关键作用；抑制gob-5的表达将为哮喘的治疗提供新的策略。     

细胞周期蛋白E在哮喘大鼠肺组织中的表达及其与气道重塑的关系

目的:通过测定哮喘大鼠肺组织中细胞周期蛋白E(cyclin E)的表达,研究cyclin E在哮喘气道重塑中的作用。方法:20只Wistar大鼠随机分为哮喘组和对照组,每组10只。用鸡卵清白蛋白(OVA)溶液致敏及激发复制哮喘模型。HE染色观察气道炎症;图像分析测量气道管壁厚度;流式细胞仪测定外周血单个核细胞细胞周期时相分布;免疫组化法检测cyclin E的表达情况;实时定量(real-time)RT-PCR测定肺组织中cyclin E mRNA水平表达;Western blotting法检测肺组织中cyclin E蛋白的表达。结果:哮喘组大鼠支气管管壁厚度较对照组增加(P0.01);哮喘组外周血单个核细胞S期、S+G2/M期百分率均较对照组增加,而G0/G1期百分率较对照组降低(均P0.01);哮喘组肺组织中cyclin E mRNA和蛋白水平的相对表达量较对照组高(均P0.01);肺组织中cyc-lin E蛋白的相对表达量与支气管管壁厚度呈正相关(P0.01)。结论:Cyclin E在哮喘大鼠肺组织中表达增加,其表达的上调可使细胞周期的G1期缩短,进而可能通过促进细胞的分裂增殖而参与哮喘气道重塑的发生发展。     

Immunohistochemical Localization of the Aquaporins AQP1, AQP3, AQP4, and AQP5 in the Mouse Respiratory System

Aquaporins are membrane water channel proteins that function mainly in water transfer across cellular membranes. In our present study, we investigated the immunohistochemical distribution of aquaporin 1 (AQP1), AQP3, AQP4, and AQP5 in the mouse respiratory system by immunofluorescence, immunoperoxidase, and immunoelectron microscopy. AQP3, AQP4, and AQP5 are expressed in epithelial cells, whereas AQP1 is expressed in subepithelial connective tissues and capillaries. In the airway surface epithelia from the nasal cavity to the intrapulmonary bronchioles, AQP5 was found to be mainly localized to the luminal side and both AQP3 and AQP4 to the abluminal side. In the alveolar epithelium, AQP5 is localized to the apical membranes of both type I and type II alveolar cells. Compared with the previous studies on the rat respiratory system, in which AQP5 is restricted to the alveolar type I cells and absent from the airway surface epithelia, we found that AQP5 in the mouse is much more widely distributed throughout the surface epithelia. These results suggest that AQP5 has a critical role in water-handling, such as the maintenance of airway surface liquid and clearance of alveolar fluid in the mouse respiratory system.     

Protection of montelukast on OVA-induced eosinophilic gastroenteritis via modulating IL-5, eotaxin-1 and MBP expression

Abstract

The aim of this study was to further explore the possible mechanisms of montelukast on oral mice ovalbumin-induced eosinophilic gastroenteritis in a mouse model. The results indicated that montelukast could prevent levels of eotaxin-1 and interleukin-5 in intestinal mucosa homogenate when compared with model group. Interestingly, the increase of major basic protein expression in jejunal tissue also was attenuated by treated with montelukast.     

EGFR activation-induced decreases in claudin1 promote MUC5AC expression and exacerbate asthma in mice

Claudin1 plays a critical role in maintaining the epithelial barrier, and mucus hypersecretion induced by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation is a pivotal pathological feature of asthma. The relationship between claudin1 expression and mucus hypersecretion and EGFR activation is still poorly understood. In this report, we showed that claudin1 expression correlated with asthma stage, in both patients with asthma and in the house dust mite (HDM)-induced mouse asthma model. Claudin1 knockdown induced MUC5AC overexpression both in 16HBE cells and in mouse airways. In addition, claudin1 expression negatively correlated with asthma severity as demonstrated by significantly higher MUC5AC expression, more severe airway inflammation, and increased airway hyperreactivity in mouse lungs with claudin1 knockdown following HDM challenge. EGFR activation reduced claudin1 expression and increased MUC5AC expression, both in vitro and in vivo. Erlotinib alleviated murine allergic airway inflammation, restored claudin1 expression and decreased MUC5AC expression. These results suggest that EGFR activation-induced decreases in claudin1 promote goblet-cell metaplasia, and restoring claudin1 to maintain barrier integrity by EGFR antagonism may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for asthma.     

黄芪和地塞米松对哮喘失衡表达转录因子T-bet/GATA-3不同的调节作用

目的 观察T细胞特异转录因子T-bet/GATA-3在支气管哮喘中失衡表达,探讨黄芪和地塞米松对其不同的调节作用.方法 40只雄性SPF级SD大鼠随机分为对照组、哮喘组、地塞米松组和黄芪组,20只雄性SPF级致敏SD大鼠脾脏中分离获得CD4+T细胞,苏木精·伊红染色观察气道病理改变;酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测大鼠血清中IL-4、IL-5、IFN-γ含量;逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测IL-4、IL-5、IFN-γ、T-bet和GATA-3 mRNA表达;Western blot法检测T-bet和GATA-3蛋白表达.结果 肺组织中嗜酸粒细胞(EOS)、淋巴细胞、管壁面积/支气管管腔内周长(WA/Pi)和支气管平滑肌面积/支气管管腔内周长(ASM/Pi)哮喘组比对照组明显增多或增厚(P均<0.01),地塞米松组和黄芪组明显低于哮喘组(P均<0.01);血清中IL-4和IL-5含量,哮喘组高于对照组(P均<0.01),地塞米松组和黄芪组均低于哮喘组(P均<0.01),血清中IFN-γ含量哮喘组远低于对照组(P<0.01),地塞米松组低于对照组(P<0.01),但黄芪组明显高于哮喘组(P<0.01).在大鼠肺组织和致敏大鼠脾CD4+ T细胞中,IFN-γ mRNA、T-bet mRNA和蛋白表达哮喘组明显低于对照组(P均<0.01),地塞米松组与哮喘组相似(P>0.05),黄芪组与对照组相似,但明显高于哮喘组(P<0.01);IL-4和IL-5 mRNA、GATA-3 mRNA和蛋白表达,哮喘组异常高于对照组(P<0.01),地塞米松组和黄芪组均明显低于哮喘组(P<0.01);肺组织中T-bet/GATA-3蛋白表达量比值,哮喘组明显低于对照组(P<0.01),地塞米松组与哮喘组相近(P>0.05),黄芪组与对照组的比值相近(P>0.05),明显高于哮喘组和地塞米松组(P均(0.01).结论 T细胞特异转录因子T-bet/GATA-3在哮喘中失衡表达,黄芪抑制哮喘气道炎症可能通过双向调节T-bet和GATA-3平衡来实现,地塞米松抑制GATA-3表达,不能增加T-bet表达,其抑制哮喘气道炎症并非通过调节转录因子T-bet和GATA-3平衡实现.     

哮喘大鼠肺内CGRP免疫反应阳性神经纤维分布的变化

目的探讨降钙素基因相关肽(calcitoningene-relatedpeptide,CGRP)在哮喘发病过程中的作用,方法将成年Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组和哮喘组,采用免疫组织化学染色方法及计算机图像分析技术研究大鼠肺内CGRP免疫反应(CGRP-IR)阳性纤维分布的变化。结果哮喘大鼠肺内CGRP-IR阳性纤维数量及分布发生了显著变化,肺内气道均有阳性纤维分布于上皮基底、黏膜下层及平滑肌层,常密集成束;肺泡壁也见较密的阳性纤维,正常对照组肺泡壁阳性纤维稀少。肺内血管壁也见成束的阳性纤维。哮喘组与正常组比较CGRP-IR阳性纤维数量显著增加(P<0.05)。结论肺内CGRP-IR阳性神经纤维增多与哮喘发病关系密切。