肌萎缩侧索硬化患者膈神经传导的电生理分析

目的 通过分析肌萎缩侧索硬化(Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis,ALS)患者膈神经传导检测,并结合其它神经电生理资料,为该病提供更深入的认识,进一步指导临床诊疗。方法 研究范围为武汉大学人民医院2014年1月-2021年12月就诊的ALS患者共88例,收集患者的一般资料、主要症状及体征、肌萎缩侧索硬化改良量表(ALSFRS-R)评分、运动神经传导检测中的复合肌肉动作电位(CMAP)波幅和远端运动潜伏期(DML)等指标。结果(1)运动神经传导检测中CMAP波幅降低192条(43.6%),膈神经波幅异常率为35.2%; 远端潜伏期延长116条(26.4%),膈神经DML异常率为77.3%;(2)膈神经DML在性别方面存在明显差异(P<0.01);(3)ALSFRS-R评分与膈神经、尺神经、正中神经、腓总神经、胫神经的CMAP波幅呈正相关(r=0.393,P<0.01; r=0.375,P<0.01; r=0.413,P<0.01; r=0.251,P<0.05; r=0.442,P<0.01);(4)膈神经DML及CMAP波幅在起病部位方面存在明显差异(P<0.05; P<0.05);(5)膈神经DML在判断病情中度和轻度之间的最佳界点为9.095 ms,敏感性为85.7%,特异性为80.2%。结论 ALS患者的运动神经传导可表现异常,CMAP波幅下降占比较大,但膈神经中潜伏期延长比CMAP波幅降低更多见。膈神经传导检测存在一定程度的性别差异。行运动神经传导检测时多条神经CMAP波幅变化可反映ALS患者病情严重程度。膈神经潜伏期变化可更敏感地反映ALS的病情严重程度,以期指导临床诊断与治疗。     

肌萎缩侧索硬化患者205例的神经传导特点分析

目的 分析肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)患者的神经传导和F波特点,并探讨其与肌力、病程和首发部位等之间的关系.方法 收集于1997年1月至2008年5月期间我院门诊或病房收治的ALS患者205例,均采用常规肌电图检查,测定其运动神经传导、F波以及感觉神经传导(SCV).结果 在205例ALS患者中,仅有3例SCV异常,正中神经、尺神经及胫后神经末端潜伏期(DML)延长者分别占24.9%(48/193)、15.3%(25/163)、21.2%(7/33),复合肌肉动作电位(CMAP)波幅下降者分别占57.0%(110/193)、49.7%(81/163)、39.4%(13/33);68.9%(122/177)患者F波出现率下降,其中31.1%(55/177)F波出现率为0,肌力下降者DML、CMAP波幅及F波出现率改变明显.肢体起病组正中神经CMAP波幅下降[81.5%(53/65)]和F波异常率[70.9%(44/62)出现率下降,45.1%(28/62)出现率为0]较延髓部起病者[32.4%(11/34);F波38.2%(13/34)出现率下降,14.7%(5/34)出现率为0]更明显,两组比较差异有统计学意义(x2=23.629、9.753、9.029,均P<0.01);DML异常两组间差异无统计学意义.Logistic回归分析显示CMAP波幅的降低与上肢远端肌力、首发部位、病程显著相关,F波出现率的降低与上肢远端肌力、首发部位相关.结论 ALS患者可出现DML延长和CMAP波幅降低(后者改变更显著),F波出现率明显下降而传导速度相对正常;DML、CMAP波幅及F波出现率的异常与肌力明显相关.首发部位为肢体和(或)上肢远端肌力下降者CMAP波幅及F波异常率更明显.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the F-wave and nerve conduction in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and explore the correlation between these parameters and muscle strength, disease duration and onset site.Methods The data of outpatients and inpatients diagnosed with ALS were collected in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1997 to May 2008.Standard sensory and motor nerve conduction study of the median nerve, ulnar nerve and tibial nerve was performed in 205 patients with ALS.F-wave velocity and frequency was measured in median nerve.Parameters for analyses included sensory conduction velocity and amplitude, distal motor latency (DML), and compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude.Correlation between muscle strength and DML, CMAP amplitude or F-wave frequency were also explored.Results Delayed DML of the median nerve, ulnar nerve and tibial nerve were found in 24.9% (48/193), 15.3% (25/163), 21.2% (7/33) of patients respectively.Decreased CMAP amplitudes were found in 57.0% (110/193), 49.7% (81/163), 39.4% (13/33) of patients respectively.Decreased F-wave frequency of the median nerve was found in 68.9% (122/177) of patients.The abnormality of DML,CMAP amplitude and F-wave frequency of median nerve were increased in weaker muscles.Decreased median nerve CMAP amplitude (81.5% (53/65)) and F-wave abnormality (decreased persistence 70.9%(44/62), absent responses 45.1% (28/62)) in spinal onset groups were significantly higher than those in bulbar onset groups (CMAP 32.4% (11/34); F-wave: decreased persistence 38.2% (13/34), absent responses 14.7% (5/34); x2 = 23.629, 9.753, 9.029,all P <0.01).Compared with the bulbar onset group,the abnormality of DML in spinal onset group was higher, but not reach statistical significance.Logistic regression revealed a strong direct association between decreased CMAP amplitudes and upperextremity muscles strength, disease duration and onset symptom.Abnormality of F-wave frequency was associated with upper-extremity muscles strength and onset symptom.Conclusions Delayed DML and decreased amplitude of CMAP are found in ALS patients.CMAP amplitude is a sensitive parameter related to the severity of ALS.F-wave velocity is relatively normal while F-wave frequency of the median nerve is correlated with muscle strength.Decreasing CMAP amplitude and F-wave frequency are correlated strongly with muscle weakening,disease duration and symptom onset over limbs.     

The terminal latency of the phrenic nerve correlates with respiratory symptoms in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Objective

The aim of the study was to investigate the electrophysiological parameters in phrenic nerve conduction studies (NCS) that sensitively reflect latent respiratory insufficiency present in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Clinical description of the broad range of neurological presentations of COVID-19: A retrospective case series

BackgroundNeurological disorders associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection represent a clinical challenge because they encompass a broad neurological spectrum and may occur before the diagnosis of COVID-19.MethodsIn this monocentric retrospective case series, medical records from patients with acute neurological disorders associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection from medicine departments of an academic center in Paris area were collected between March 15^th and May 15^th 2020. Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 was ascertained through specific RT-PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs or based on circulating serum IgG antibodies.ResultsTwenty-six patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection presented with neurological disorders: encephalitis (N = 8), encephalopathy (N = 6), cerebrovascular events (ischemic strokes N = 4 and vein thromboses N = 2), other central nervous system (CNS) disorders (N = 4), and Guillain-Barré syndrome (N = 2). The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 was delayed on average 1.6 days after the onset of neurological disorder, especially in case of encephalitis 3.9 days, encephalopathy 1.0 day, and cerebrovascular event 2.7 days.ConclusionsOur study confirms that COVID-19 can yield a broad spectrum of neurological disorders. Because neurological presentations of COVID-19 often occur a few days before the diagnosis of SARS-COV-2 infection, clinicians should take preventive measures such as patient isolation and masks for any new admission to avoid nosocomial infections. Anti-SARS-CoV2 antibody detection in RT-PCR SARS CoV-2 negative suspected cases is useful to confirm a posteriori the diagnosis of atypical COVID-19 presentations.     

Respiratory function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Abstract. The aim of this study was to examine the vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1) in relation to the site of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) onset and the duration of the disease. Respiratory involvement is the principal cause of death in ALS patients. The study was conducted at the Department of Neurology, University School of Medicine in Lublin. The study comprised 18 ALS patients. The average duration of ALS was 12 months. The patients were divided into two groups according to the site of ALS onset and into two groups according to the duration of the disease. FVC was significantly higher in the group of patients with a limb onset than in the group of patients with a bulbar onset of the disease. The study has shown respiratory function disturbances in ALS patients. FVC significantly depends on the site of ALS onset but not on the duration of the disease.     

肌萎缩侧索硬化患者神经传导分析

目的分析肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)患者的神经传导特点,并探讨神经传导与不同起病部位之间的关系。方法收集于2012年1月至2014年12月期间我院门诊或病房收治的ALS患者47例和体检的健康对照组40例,均测定其运动及感觉神经传导、F波。结果ALS患者运动神经传导检测表现为潜伏期(DML)延长,复合肌肉动作电位(CMAP)波幅下降,传导速度(MCV)减慢,其中以CMAP波幅下降为主。可见"分裂手"和"分裂足"现象。部分病人的症状、体征或电生理出现感觉神经受累证据。部分病人的F波出波率异常。结论诊断ALS需对临床和神经电生理进行综合分析,不能仅凭其中一项而轻易排除诊断。临床医生,特别是基层医院医生,要全面细致地完善辅助检查结果,减少漏诊和误诊的发生。     

Respiratory failure as the presenting manifestation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Although amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) does not directly affect the lung parenchyma, it can jeopardize the mechanical function of the respiratory system. About one-quarter of ALS patients have had at least one prior misdiagnosis. Therefore, a high clinical suspicion, and careful correlation of physical examination and electromyography (EMG) are needed to reach the correct diagnosis. We report a 65-year-old man who presented with a progressive exertional dyspnea. He was subsequently found to have a diaphragmatic paralysis that was felt to be secondary to spinal cord stenosis. However, his subsequent EMG showed evidence of muscle fasciculation and he was ultimately diagnosed with ALS.     

Reliability of phrenic nerve conduction study: In healthy controls and in patients with primary lateral sclerosis

ObjectivePhrenic nerve conduction study is a marker of hypoventilation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We aimed to evaluate its intra-rater reliability in healthy subjects and in a cohort of Primary Lateral Sclerosis (PLS) patients.MethodsEighteen healthy subjects and 16 PLS patients were included. All subjects underwent three phrenic nerve conduction evaluations (time interval: 1 week for healthy controls; 1 year for PLS patients). We analyzed intra-rater reliability for five parameters of the diaphragmatic motor response: latency; negative-peak duration, area and amplitude; peak-to-peak amplitude.ResultsHealthy subjects showed excellent inter-test reliability for most parameters (coefficients of variation <10%). In PLS patients coefficients of variation resulted <10% for latency and peak-to-peak amplitude, <20% for remaining parameters. Inter-test reliability was excellent for latency and peak-to-peak amplitude [intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) > 0.9] and good for negative-peak amplitude and area (ICC 0.75 ≥ 0.9); duration was not reliable (ICC = 0.383). Negative peak and peak-to-peak amplitude had the least random error (respectively ±0.136 mV and ± 0.177 mV). All parameters showed homoscedasticity (R2 < 0.1).ConclusionsIntra-rater reliability is high for phrenic nerve study, especially for latency, peak-to-peak and negative-peak amplitude.SignificancePhrenic nerve conduction study is a reliable method to monitor respiratory function.     

Abnormalities in the sensory action potential in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Sensory function in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is thought to be normal; however, there is convincing morphologic evidence that sensory systems are affected in addition to motor systems. In this study, compound sensory action potentials were recorded with near nerve electrodes from 18 patients with ALS. Up to 1024 responses were averaged at high gain to determine minimum conduction velocity; that is, the conduction velocity of the slowest conducting component of the sensory action potential. Nine of 18 patients had abnormally reduced minimum conduction velocity, even when peak-to-peak amplitude and maximum conduction velocity (calculated from the latency to the initial positive peak) were normal. Only 3 of 18 patients showed abnormalities in peak-to-peak amplitude. Thus, subtle abnormalities in the sensory action potential can be detected in many patients with ALS.     

肌萎缩侧索硬化症临床诊断进展

肌萎缩侧索硬化症为致命性神经系统变性疾病,主要累及锥体束、脑干和脊髓前角细胞,临床表现呈进行性加重的肌肉萎缩、无力及痉挛,以及认知损害等,与额颞叶痴呆的临床表现存在部分重叠。约有5%的患者为家族遗传性,临床表现与散发型相似。诊断主要基于患者临床表现、世界神经病学联盟公布的共识,同时排除临床表现相似的疾病。基因检测为加速诊断进程、早期干预提供了新的途径,部分基因突变与特异性表型相关,可据此进行预后评价和遗传学咨询。     

肌萎缩侧索硬化症患者睡眠障碍及睡眠呼吸障碍特点分析

目的通过多导睡眠图监测肌萎缩侧索硬化症患者睡眠结构和睡眠呼吸事件,探讨其睡眠障碍和睡眠呼吸障碍特点。方法共36例患者根据是否存在延髓症状分为肢体受累组(14例)和延髓麻痹组(22例),记录一般资料以及睡眠障碍和睡眠呼吸障碍相关主诉,包括入睡困难、睡眠维持困难或早醒、呼吸不畅或鼾症、夜尿症、不宁腿综合征、肌肉疼痛等;Appel肌萎缩侧索硬化症量表(AALS)评价延髓功能、呼吸功能、上下肢肌力和肌肉功能;多导睡眠图监测脑电图、眼动图、心电图、肌电图、体位、鼾声、口鼻气流量、胸腹式呼吸和指端脉搏血氧饱和度,以及睡眠相关参数包括总睡眠时间、睡眠效率、睡眠潜伏期、觉醒次数、非快速眼动睡眠期各期和快速眼动睡眠期比例、睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数。Pearson相关分析评价快速眼动睡眠期睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数和周期性腿动与临床资料和AALS评分的相关性。结果延髓麻痹组患者AALS总评分(P=0.007)、延髓功能评分(P=0.000)和呼吸功能评分(P=0.000)高于,上肢肌力(P=0.016)低于肢体受累组。两组患者均出现睡眠结构紊乱,表现为睡眠片段化,其中延髓麻痹组觉醒次数多于(P=0.027)、快速眼动睡眠期比例低于(P=0.009)、周期性腿动次数少于(P=0.020)肢体受累组;两组患者睡眠呼吸障碍主要表现为低通气,其中延髓麻痹组睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(P=0.038)、快速眼动睡眠期和非快速眼动睡眠期睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(P=0.031,0.049)高于肢体受累组。Pearson相关分析显示,快速眼动睡眠期睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数与病程(r=0.654,P=0.028)以及AALS总评分(r=0.458,P=0.034)、延髓功能评分(r=0.572,P=0.030)、呼吸功能评分(r=0.756,P=0.002)呈正相关,周期性腿动与病程(r=0.574,P=0.030)以及AALS总评分(r=0.321,P=0.042)、上肢肌肉功能(r=0.656,P=0.028)和下肢肌肉功能(r=0.754,P=0.015)评分呈正相关。结论肌萎缩侧索硬化症患者存在失眠、睡眠呼吸障碍、周期性肢体运动障碍等多种形式的睡眠障碍。多导睡眠图可以监测到睡眠呼吸障碍,为尽早进行无创性正压通气提供临床依据。     

Creatine kinase activity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients

Abstract. The aim of this study was to investigate creatine kinase (CK) in the serum of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. Previous investigations have shown an increased CK activity in ALS patients and this has been suggested to be an indicator of patients survival. The study was conducted at the Department of Neurology, University School of Medicine in Lublin. Thirty ALS patients took part in the study. The average duration of the disease was 17 months. Serum CK levels were measured by the enzymatic method with N-acethylcysteine. CK was elevated in 43.3% of the ALS patients. There were no significant differences in the serum CK level between the groups of the ALS patients depending on age, sex, duration of the disease, or clinical condition of patients. The CK level was significantly higher in the serum of the patients with a limb onset than in patients with a bulbar onset of ALS. Our study confirmed the increase in the serum CK activity in ALS patients. CK activity depends on a limb onset or a bulbar onset of ALS, but not on the duration of the disease and the severity of the clinical condition.     

肌萎缩侧索硬化患者的睡眠分析

目的 探讨肌萎缩侧索硬化(Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,ALS)的睡眠障碍患病率、睡眠质量与ALS功能评分的各重要功能域的相关性。方法 收集2018年9月-2021年9月于武汉大学人民医院神经内科就诊的115例诊断为ALS的患者,通过问卷调查获取患者的一般人口统计学数据、匹兹堡睡眠质量量表(Pittsburgh sleep quality scale,PSQI)评分、爱泼沃斯嗜睡量表(Epworth sleepiness score,ESS)评分、肌萎缩侧索硬化功能评分量表(Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis function rating scale,ALSFRS-R)评分,并计算进展率(ΔFS),分析各因素与睡眠质量的相关性。结果 ①不同起病部位亚组的睡眠质量、功能评分未见明显差异; ②43%的ALS患者PSQI>7分,15%的患者ESS>9分; ③PSQI与ALSFRS-R评分呈负相关(r=-0.36,P<0.01),与ΔFS呈正相关(r=0.25,P=0.01)。此外,PSQI与ALSFRS-R延髓功能域评分呈负相关(r=-0.21,P=0.03),与ALSFRS-R精细功能域评分呈负相关(r=-0.29,P<0.01),与ALSFRS-R粗大动作域评分呈负相关(r=-0.41,P<0.0001),与ALSFRS-R呼吸功能域评分呈负相关(r=-0.34,P<0.01)。结论 ALS患者存在明显夜间睡眠问题,且睡眠质量与疾病进展、各区域功能丧失均显著相关。     

Symptomatic treatment of respiratory and nutritional failure in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterised by death of upper and lower motor neurones. Nutritional and respiratory failure occurs in most patients with ALS. Nutritional failure occurs primarily as a result of dysphagia, although malnutrition may also develop in the absence of clinically apparent dysphagia. The optimal management of nutrition in early ALS has not been established. In later stages of the disease, parenteral nutritional support using percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy confers a significant survival benefit in selected patients. Respiratory failure occurs as a result of bulbar, cervical and thoracic loss of motor neurones. Inspiratory muscles are preferentially affected. Management of respiratory failure includes the use of strategies that limit aspiration pneumonia, the reduction in secretions, and positioning of the patient to a maximal mechanical advantage. Use of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in appropriate patients significantly enhances survival. The decision to undertake invasive mechanical ventilation should be made prior to the development of symptoms that might warrant this intervention. The progressive nature of the condition should be taken into account when such a decision is discussed with the patient and carer. Further studies are required to determine the optimal nutritional requirements of patients with ALS, and to elucidate the physiological changes involved in the decline in respiratory function. Received: 13 September 1999/Accepted: 1 October 1999     

Pulmonary function tests and diaphragmatic compound muscle action potential in patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Sathyaprabha TN, Pradhan C, Nalini A, Thennarasu K, Raju TR. Pulmonary function tests and diaphragmatic compound muscle action potential in patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Acta Neurol Scand: 2010: 121: 400–405.
© 2010 The Authors Journal compilation © 2010 Blackwell Munksgaard. Background – Respiratory failure is the primary cause of death in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Diaphragmatic compound muscle action potentials (DCMAP) are valid parameters to assess the respiratory muscle innervation. Aim – In this study we propose to establish evidence of pulmonary dysfunction in patients with ALS and its relation to DCMAP parameters among patients with sporadic ALS. Materials and methods – Twenty nine patients (M‐20, F‐9) diagnosed to have sporadic ALS by El. Escorial criteria, without symptoms of pulmonary dysfunction, and able to perform the PFT satisfactorily, were studied. Thirty controls (M‐20, F‐10) were selected from patient’s relatives. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) were measured by spirometry. Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) was measured by digital peak pressure monitor. Right phrenic nerve conductions (DCMAP) were performed and the latencies and amplitude of diaphragmatic com‐pound action potential (DCMAP) was recorded in controls and ALS patients. Results – The mean age of patients was 51.41 ± 10.72 years (37–82) and control was 53.57 ± 8.85 years (30–68). None of the patients had symptoms or clinical evidence of respiratory dysfunction. The FVC, FEV1, PEFR, MVV, MIP and MEP were significantly (P < 0.001) reduced in ALS. The mean DCMAP amplitude was reduced among patients (610 ± 506.231 μv) as compared to controls (1303.33 ± 584.56, P < 0.001) and mean latency was increased in patients (9.73 ± 2.57 ms) compared to controls (7.69 ± 0.87, P = 0.001). There was significant negative correlation between PFTs and latencies of DCMAP. Amplitude of DCMAP did not correlate with PFTs. Conclusion – There is significant negative correlation between DCMAP latencies and PFTs suggesting early loss of myelinated fibres and diaphragmatic dysfunction. DCMAP latencies may be a good indicator of early respiratory muscle involvement and also of disease progression in ALS.     

颈髓弥散张量成像在肌萎缩性侧索硬化诊断中的应用

目的 初步探讨颈髓弥散张量成像(DTI)在肌萎缩性侧索硬化(ALS)诊断中的应用价值. 方法 选择自2000年1月至2007年1月中山大学附属第二医院骨科收治的28例ALS患者为患者组,20例同期门诊查体健康成年人为对照组,对2组成员进行常规MRI扫描及DTI检查,获取颈髓MD值及FA值的直方图,并对ALS患者颈髓DTI弥散张量值与患者ALS残损功能评分量表(ALSFRS)评分进行相关性分析. 结果 与对照组相比,患者组颈髓FA值和颈髓横断面积明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);MD值轻微增加,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).患者颈髓FA值与ALSFRS评分高度相关(r=0.730,P=0.000),与MD值等指标无相关关系. 结论 ALS患者颈髓DTI显像FA值显著降低,FA值可能成为ALS诊断中的神经影像学阳性支持指标:颈髓的弥散张量值与ALSFRS结合,可以更伞面反映ALS患者的病情进展.     

肌萎缩侧索硬化患者106例生存分析

目的 采取回顾性研究方法探讨肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)的预后相关因素.方法 收集1994年1月至2004年12月于北京大学第三医院就诊的ALS患者106例,记录其临床资料、肺活量和神经功能等级评分,每3个月到半年进行面访或电话随访,直至其死亡或气管切开.用Kaplan-Meier方法计算中位生存时间,用Log rank分析各单因素变量与生存时间的关系,用Cox风险比例模型分析多变量对生存时间的影响.结果 106例AIS患者平均发病年龄为(52.1±10.5)岁,确诊52例,拟诊37例,可能17例.患者的中位生存时间为35个月(95%CI 30～40个月).单因素分析发现起病部位、发病到诊断的时间和诊断时的用力肺活量为生存时间的影响因素,差异有统计学意义(Logrank 6.84、43.30、4.78,均P<0.05).进一步用Cox风险比例模型分析,发病到诊断的时间为最有力的影响因子(Wald值20.221,风险系数0.351,P<0.05),而性别、年龄、诊断级别、诊断时的神经功能评分情况与生存时间无明显相关.结论 发病到确诊的时间为生存时间最有力的影响因子,提示ALS患者诊断时的病情发展速度与生存时间高度相关,值得进一步研究.     

IgG subclasses and their intrathecal synthesis in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis may be an autoimmune disease. In this paper IgG subclasses levels in the CSF and sera and their intrathecal synthesis were studied. IgG subclasses levels were determined by ELISA method using monoclonal antibodies against human IgG subclasses, secondary biotinylated antibody and avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex. There was statistically significant elevation of IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses in the CSF of ALS patients. In sera of patients with ALS, IgG2 level was diminished, but there was no statistical difference in other IgG subclasses. IgG1 and IgG3 indices were elevated in patients with ALS, detecting synthesis of these subclasses in the CNS. General IgG index value did not differ from the control value. The results support the concept that autoimmune mechanisms may play a role in the pathogenesis of ALS.     

肌萎缩性侧索硬化症患者体感诱发电位研究

目的 研究肌萎缩性侧索硬化症(ALS)患者体感诱发电位(SEP)变化。方法 采用正中神经及肠后神经体感诱发电位(mSEP、tSEP)对30例患者进行检测，并与27例健康人作对比。结果 mSEP和tSEP的异常率分别为43．3％(13／30)及28％(7/5)，除N9、PF(腘点)、LP(T12点)峰潜伏期和对照组相比无显著差异外，其余各峰潜伏期及峰间期和对照组相比均有显著性差异。结论 ALS患者存在感觉通路损害，且中枢的改变较周围更明显，SEP检查对患者感觉损害的定位有一定价值。