多种带蒂皮瓣治疗颈部中重度瘢痕挛缩畸形的比较研究

目的：比较颈胸前薄皮瓣、颔肩胛皮瓣、背阔肌肌皮瓣及颈部扩张皮瓣整复颈部挛缩瘢痕畸形的效果。方法：共治疗颈部挛缩瘢痕畸形104例，其中应用颈胸前薄皮瓣26例，颈肩胛皮瓣11例，背阔肌肌皮瓣8例，颈部扩张皮瓣59例。结果：所有手术均得到良好的远期效果。5例颈部扩张皮瓣术后出现血肿，3例出现皮瓣远端坏死；颈胸前皮瓣未出现血供障碍；早期有3例颈肩胛皮瓣术后出现远端部分坏死，在对皮瓣长宽比〉3．5：1者实施延迟手术后未再出现远端坏死；1例背阔肌肌皮瓣术后出现肌肉部分坏死。结论：颈部扩张皮瓣质地及色泽与受瓣区皮肤匹配，为修复颈部瘢痕挛缩畸形的首选；颈胸前皮瓣和颈肩胛皮瓣血供可靠，肤色与颈部相近，供瓣区面积大，能直接拉拢缝合，修复效果也比较满意；背阔肌肌皮瓣术后外形明显臃肿，应避免选用。     

肩胛、背部扩张瘢痕皮瓣修复腋窝严重瘢痕挛缩畸形临床应用

目的探讨肩胛、背部扩张瘢痕皮瓣修复腋窝严重瘢痕挛缩畸形的整复效果。方法 23例患者利用肩胛、背部软化瘢痕皮瓣,手术分两期进行。Ⅰ期将扩张器(600～800ml)植入扩张瘢痕皮肤区并注射0.9%氯化钠注射液,至达到手术要求;Ⅱ期根据腋窝瘢痕黏连松解后创面大小切取瘢痕皮瓣,皮瓣10 cm～20 cm×20 cm～40 cm,为长方形瓣或舌形瓣,转移修复腋窝创面,供瓣区直接缝合。结果采用肩胛、背部扩张瘢痕皮瓣治疗腋窝严重瘢痕黏连畸形23例,皮瓣均完全成活。术后随访2～18个月,皮瓣外形无臃肿,耐磨,有弹性,与周围皮肤无明显色差,供瓣区愈合好,上肢活动功能良好。结论肩胛、背部扩张瘢痕皮瓣修复腋窝严重瘢痕挛缩畸形能克服患者皮源有限及供瓣区植皮的缺点,可切取超大瘢痕皮瓣,是治疗严重烧伤后腋窝瘢痕黏连畸形的有效方法。     

以颈横动脉浅支为蒂的颈肩背反流轴型皮瓣在修复颈部瘢痕挛缩中的应用

为探讨一种实用而理想修复颏瘢痕挛缩的方法,以颈横动脉的颈段皮支为蒂,利用其与旋肩胛动脉皮支的丰富吻合,反流形成超长的轴型皮瓣,向前旋转修复瘢痕松解后的颈前创面。结果采取本皮瓣修复32例颏瘢痕挛缩,其中28例随访2年,颈部活动自如,颌骨发育无明显异常,皮瓣色泽良好,效果令人满意。本皮瓣轴型血管恒定,反流灌注动脉压高,供血有保证,供瓣面积充足,后期颈部活动时对周围组织无牵拉,是修复患者颏颈瘢痕挛缩较理想的方法.     

颈横动脉颈段皮支岛状瓣在治疗颈部瘢痕挛缩中的应用

目的:探讨颈横动脉颈段皮支岛状瓣对烧伤晚期重度颈部瘢痕挛缩畸形治疗的临床应用。方法:对17例重度颈部瘢痕挛缩畸形患者全部采用颈横动脉颈段皮支岛状瓣修复。供瓣区采用游离皮片覆盖。结果:术后皮瓣全部成活,蒂部平整,无猫耳形成,颈部外形及功能恢复良好。2例供瓣区所植皮片因皮下血运不良而部分坏死,经换药处置后愈合。结论:对于轻、中度颈部瘢痕挛缩畸形的病例,采用颈、胸随意皮瓣,胸三角皮瓣即可得到较满意的效果。而对于重度颈部瘢痕挛缩畸形的病例,因瘢痕多累及颈前、颈侧、颏部及前胸,而限制了颈胸皮瓣,胸三角皮瓣等随意皮瓣及轴形瓣的应用,且游离皮片容易继发挛缩,加重畸形。颈横动脉段皮支岛状瓣的应用则避免了上述治疗的不足,是一种治疗重度瘢痕畸形的好方法。     

颈横动脉颈段皮支预扩张皮瓣治疗瘢痕畸形11例

创伤或烧伤所致的面颈部、腋部严重瘢痕挛缩畸形及软组织缺损，游离植皮、局部瘢痕皮瓣转移往往不能较好的解决畸形及缺损问题。我科自1999年应用颈横动脉颈段皮支预扩张皮瓣修复面颈部及腋部瘢痕及软组织缺损11例，效果满意，现报告如下。     

颈横动脉颈段扩张皮瓣治疗面颈部瘢痕畸形14例

烧伤或创伤所致的面颈部、腋部严重瘢痕挛缩畸形及软组织缺损，游离植皮、局部瘢痕皮瓣转移常不能有效的解决畸形及缺损问题。我科自2000年1月至2007年6月应用颈横动脉颈段皮支预扩张皮瓣修复面颈部及腋部瘢痕及软组织缺损14例，效果满意，现报告如下。     

扩张后颈肩皮瓣修复颈部瘢痕挛缩临床研究

目的:探讨应用扩张后颈肩皮瓣修复颈部瘢痕挛缩的临床疗效.方法:选择颈部瘢痕患者32例,采用大容量扩张器常规扩张颈肩部皮瓣,6-8周后转移颈肩部皮瓣,完成颈部瘢痕挛缩修复治疗.移植皮瓣面积为5 cm×11 cm-12 cm×21 cm.结果:扩张器置入后充盈良好,无外露、渗漏,局部血肿、感染各2例,予局部冲洗及抗感染治疗后正常扩张;扩张皮瓣无破溃、血运不良.瘢痕均为一次性彻底切除,30例术后切口Ⅰ期愈合,2例切口感染,予换药、抗感染治疗后愈合良好,随访3个月皮瓣完好成活,无局部血运障碍,局部形态良好,颈部活动自如,术区外观满意.结论:扩张后颈肩皮瓣质地好、色泽与待修复区相近、皮瓣面积大、血运丰富,同时供区较易闭合且后期瘢痕不易暴露,在颈部瘢痕挛缩修复中具有重要的应用价值.     

应用扩张后颈肩胸联合皮瓣治疗颏颈胸部瘢痕挛缩畸形

目的 应用扩张器扩张颈肩胸联合皮瓣治疗中重度颏颈胸粘连.方法 2008-03~2011-03间,应用皮肤软组织扩张器扩张的颈肩胸联合皮瓣治疗颏颈胸粘连27例.患者颏部、颈部、胸前瘢痕为中重度,颏颈胸粘连Ⅱ度以上.预扩张颈侧面肩上胸三角区皮肤,扩张2个月后全麻下切除颏颈胸瘢痕,充分松解挛缩,创面大小约为10 cm×13 ...     

颈胸背临近皮瓣在电烧伤致颈部缺损修复中的应用

[目的]探讨颈胸背临近皮瓣修复电烧伤致颈部缺损的手术可行性及效果.[方法]对2005年1月-2010年12月收治的15例电烧伤患者,颈部皮肤软组织严重毁损,比照清创后缺损创面大小,在颈胸背设计供瓣区域、大小及转移长度、扭转角度,切取临近皮瓣修复创面.[结果]临床应用于14例手术成功,预期皮瓣大小（20.7±6.2） cm× （10.8±5.2） cm,1例术后皮瓣淤血后感染坏死,供瓣区伤口愈合良好,成活皮瓣较瘢痕与邻近部位皮肤色泽、质地与缺损区组织更近似.[结论]复杂颈胸背临近皮瓣适合于电烧伤致颈部缺损的修复,术后效果理想.     

旋肩胛动脉横支岛状皮瓣在中重度腋部烧伤瘢痕挛缩畸形临床应用

目的探讨旋肩胛动脉横支岛状皮瓣在治疗烧伤后腋部中重度瘢痕挛缩畸形的整复效果。方法根据腋部挛缩瘢痕松解后其皮肤及软组织的缺损面积,设计以旋肩胛动脉横支岛状皮瓣,旋转修复腋部创面。皮瓣面积为18 cm×5 cm~24 cm×10 cm。结果该组25例患者,皮瓣全部成活,1例皮瓣远端尖部出现表皮坏死,经换药愈合;供区创面均直接拉拢缝合。术后经3~12个月的随访,25例患者上肢及肩关节的功能恢复满意。结论旋肩胛动脉横支岛状皮瓣具有供区隐蔽、血管蒂解剖位置恒定、易于切取、血管网丰富、易成活和皮瓣可塑性强、臃肿不明显、不需二次整形、供区可直接缝合等优点。应用旋肩胛动脉横支岛状皮瓣整复烧伤后腋部中重度瘢痕挛缩畸形,可取得满意的疗效,值得推广。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.