石家庄市居家老人的照料需求调查

目的：分析和评价独生子女父母在家中照料老人时的日常生活、医疗、护理、社会等有偿服务的需求状况,探索护理工作在老年家庭养老照料中的内容与方式。方法：采用自编调查表对石家庄市1 320名独生子女父母在家中照料老人时的日常生活、医疗、护理、社会等有偿服务的需求进行调查。结果：调查对象在家中照料年老体弱生活不能自理的老人时,对各项日常生活服务（除了代买物品以外）,表示需要的人数均在50%以上,需求率最高的日常生活服务是雇人到家中照料老人,为70.68%。调查对象在家中照料老人时对医疗、护理、社会等有偿服务的需求率也均达50%以上,其中需求率最高的是请医师到家中为老人诊断、治疗（需求率为86.97%）。结论：目前独生子女父母在家中照料老年人时,对各种服务的需求均是十分迫切的,其中又以医疗服务排在首位。因此,目前单纯保姆式照料不能满足我国老龄社会的需要,老年护理专业化势在必行。     

城市独居老年人居家养老服务需求调查

[目的]了解城市独居老年人居家养老生活评价和社区居家养老服务需求状况,探讨发展社区居家养老服务的有效途径。[方法]采取分层抽样的方法选取杭州市下城区4个社区60岁以上280名独居老年人作为调查对象,以面对面问卷方法进行调查。[结果]89．9％独居老年人选择居家养老,42．4％老年人生活质量评价不好及以下,独居老年人对家政服务需求达到37．3％,健康咨询、体检需求分别为32．2％、42．4％,老年集体活动需求达到23．6％,心理咨询需求达到30．9％。[结论]居家养老是多数独居老年人的选择,老年人生活质量尚待提高,老年人对日常生活照料服务、预防保健性服务、社区文体活动及设施、心理支持服务等需求迫切,应根据老年人需求进行有针对性的改进,以促进老年人生活质量的改善。     

城市独居老年人居家养老服务需求调查

[目的]了解城市独居老年人居家养老生活评价和社区居家养老服务需求状况,探讨发展社区居家养老服务的有效途径。[方法]采取分层抽样的方法选取杭州市下城区4个社区60岁以上280名独居老年人作为调查对象,以面对面问卷方法进行调查。[结果]89.9%独居老年人选择居家养老,42.4%老年人生活质量评价不好及以下,独居老年人对家政服务需求达到37.3%,健康咨询、体检需求分别为32.2%、42.4%,老年集体活动需求达到23.6%,心理咨询需求达到30.9%。[结论]居家养老是多数独居老年人的选择,老年人生活质量尚待提高,老年人对日常生活照料服务、预防保健性服务、社区文体活动及设施、心理支持服务等需求迫切,应根据老年人需求进行有针对性的改进,以促进老年人生活质量的改善。     

独生子女精神疾病患者父母的心理健康状况。

采用心理健康自评量表(SCL-90)对独生子女精神病患父母的心理健康及其影响因素进行分析研究。结果显示患父母SCL-90总均分及各因子得分均高于国内常模；担心影响孩子前途、家庭成员间关系不和睦及化程度偏低其心理应激反应最明显。提示：医护人员须高度重视这一群体，开展精神卫生方面的公共教育和宣传，依据患父母的具体情况，运用多种形式进行心理干预。     

四川省四个城市居家养老服务现状及需求调查研究

为了解四川省老年人居家养老服务现状及需求,探索构建居家养老服务模式提供有效途径。本研究对四川省4个城市(成都、泸州、内江、广安)共计500名老年人进行问卷调查,结果表明：居家养老是老年人选择的主要养老方式。但目前的居家养老服务发展未能满足老年人多样化的养老服务需求,养老模式有待完善,居家养老服务有待规范。     

呼吸科住院患儿父母心理需求调查分析

目的:了解呼吸科患儿住院期间其父母的心理需求情况。方法:采用自制问卷形式,对呼吸科住院患儿父母300例进行问卷调查。结果:呼吸科患儿父母在需求方面已不局限于治好疾病,他们也非常需要健康的环境、科学的生活指导及预防保健知识。结论:提示护士在工作中要重视患儿父母的心理支持,加强健康宣教;进一步完善消毒隔离制度,建立合理的陪护制度,促进患儿康复;发挥沟通的主动性,满足患儿父母的信息需求。     

孤独症患儿父母心理需求的调查分析

目的探讨孤独症患儿父母的心理需求及相应护理对策。方法运用自行设计的患儿家属心理状态调查表对80名不同职业、不同文化程度的儿童孤独症患儿父母的心理需求进行调查。结果调查对象最迫切需要的是能及早纠正孩子的异常行为。学历层次较低的患儿父母,他们更注重的是孩子异常行为的纠正,而对于与患儿间的交流时机、方式、内容和技巧运用方面的需求意识还有待提高。结论对患儿父母进行有效的心理干预及健康宣教能提高患儿父母对儿童孤独症的认知水平,促进父母与患儿的情感交流,减轻家长的焦虑。     

独生子女精神分裂症患者父母心理健康与应付方式相关性研究

目的:探讨独生子女精神分裂症患者父母心理健康状况与应付方式的相关性.方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和应付方式问卷对180名独生子女精神分裂症患者父母进行问卷调查.结果:独生子女精神分裂症患者父母SCL-90各因子分值均高于国内常模(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);多元逐步回归分析显示,病程、文化程度、经济状况为成熟应付方式的主要影响因素(P＜0.01);情绪稳定性、文化程度为不成熟应付方式的主要影响因素(P＜0.01);成熟应付方式与SCL-90各因子呈负相关(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01),不成熟应付方式与SCL-90各因子呈正相关(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论:独生子女精神分裂症患者父母的应付方式与个性心理特征密切相关,应对其进行及时的心理干预和指导,主动担当照顾患者的责任.     

高端养老服务需求的调查研究

[目的]探讨老年人生活状况和高端养老服务市场需求。[方法]对南京某小区20岁~49岁的中青年144人进行调查。[结果]父母有46.5%独居,22.2%老年夫妇单独居住;父母亲中患有1种慢性病的有34.0%,2种及以上疾病有21.5%;调查人群中52.8%为老人选择居家养老,20.8%选择社区养老,13.9%选择机构养老及参与养老会所活动;有17人为父母购买过医疗保健器材,有58人购买过保健品。[结论]独居和慢性病老人多,养老方式以居家养老为主,机构养老接受程度增加;高学历人群对养老服务质量要求较高。     

高端养老服务需求的调查研究

[目的]探讨老年人生活状况和高端养老服务市场需求.[方法]对南京某小区20岁～49岁的中青年144人进行调查.[结果]父母有46.5%独居,22.2%老年夫妇单独居住;父母亲中患有1种慢性病的有34.0%,2种及以上疾病有21.5%;调查人群中52.8%为老人选择居家养老,20.8%选择社区养老,13.9%选择机构养老及参与养老会所活动;有17人为父母购买过医疗保健器材,有58人购买过保健品.[结论]独居和慢性病老人多,养老方式以居家养老为主,机构养老接受程度增加;高学历人群对养老服务质量要求较高.     

Factors associated with the adaptation of parents with a chronically ill child

? The purpose of this paper is to describe the adaptation of parents who have a child with a chronic condition and some factors connected to it. ? Data were collected by a questionnaire from 189 parents who had a child with a chronic condition, such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis or asthma. Most (85%) of the responses were from mothers. ? The data were analysed using factor analysis. A four-factor model turned out to describe best the adaptation of the parents and their coping with the care of a chronically ill child. Two factors showed good adaptation and two poor adaptation. ? Emotional and instrumental support were connected to adaptation on each of the four factors. ? Support from health care staff and the parents' need to obtain more information were not connected to adaptation as clearly as emotional and instrumental support. ? Parents wished for support more in families where the child was under nine years old than in families where the child was over nine years old.     

城乡社区护士岗位培训需求的调查分析

目的：调查城市和乡镇不同社区卫生服务机构护理人员的培训需求,为社区护理人员培训模式提供理论依据。方法：对唐山市48家社区卫生服务机构的334名社区护士进行调查。分析市区与乡镇社区卫生服务机构护理人员的构成以及培训需求的差异。结果 ：市区与乡镇社区卫生服务机构的护理人员在社区护理管理、护理科研、社区常用护理技术操作方面的需求存在统计学差异（P〈0.05）。结论：应开展适合不同社区护理人员的培训项目,建立分区域、分层培训制度,进一步完善社区护理培训方法。     

太原市城区老年人对养老机构档次的需求调查

[目的]了解太原市城区老年人对养老机构设施设备和服务的需求及对收费的承受能力,为政府相关部门制定政策、养老机构合理建设提供科学依据.[方法]采用整群随机抽样法应用自制问卷对山西医科大学第一医院200例老年住院病人和迎泽、万柏林以及小店社区的600位老年人进行现场问卷调查.[结果]地理位置方面:选择“交通方便”的老年人最多,占60.0％;其次为购物方便、离家近、远离市区、靠近市区.内部环境方面:需求依次为阳光充足、有大量植物、有山有水、少量植物、无所谓.收费方面:选择每月600元以下、600元～800元以及800元～1000元收费标准的老年人比例相当,这3个水平占被调查人员的78.2％.养老机构的设施设备及服务:急救药品和器械的配备、慢性病的常规治疗与护理对老年人最重要.运动场所:操场以绝对高的比例位居第一.娱乐场所:选择棋牌馆的人数众多.[结论]老年人倾向于选择交通方便、内部环境阳光充足、每月600元～1000元收费标准的养老机构,并具备急救药品及器械配备、慢性病的常规治疗与护理、运动场所及休闲娱乐设施.     

Care demands on mothers caring for a child with Down syndrome: Malaysian (Sarawak) mothers' perspectives

This paper examines the experiences of mothers caring for a child with Down syndrome in the Malaysian (Sarawak) context. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 26 biological mothers of children with Down syndrome aged 18 years and below. They were accessed through selected child health clinics, community‐based rehabilitation centres and schools using purposive sampling within two regions in Sarawak, one of the two Borneo States of Malaysia. Major themes emerging within the context of care demands were children's health, developmental delays, daily needs and behaviour issues. The insights obtained into the care demands experienced by mothers of children with Down syndrome have several implications for practice by care professionals.     

Having a child with asthma—Quality of life for Jordanian parents

This study was conducted to assess the quality of life (QoL) of Jordanian parents of children with asthma and its associated factors. Three hundred and twenty‐six parents of 200 children participated in the study. The Pediatric Asthma Caregivers’ Quality of Life Questionnaire (PACQLQ) was used to measure how parents of children with asthma disease impaired their daily life during the previous week on two domains ‘activity limitations’ and ‘emotional function’. In this study, parents of children with asthma scored their QoL during the past week moderately to the positive end of the scale but they scored more limitations in the domain of activities than in emotions. Parents in the same family scored activity domain fairly similar and there was a significant difference in their scoring of total emotional function. Parents with older children, living in the rural areas, mothers of children with mild asthma were associated with higher QoL. Children received needed daily asthma medication during the preceding week. Asthma medication might mean to the parents that the child was getting the best possible treatment. Further studies to identify the factors that influence QoL of parents of children with asthma in Jordan are needed.     

护理服务中心护理人员的心态与需求的调查分析

目的：为提高护理服务中心的护理服务质量，完善护理服务的管理。对护理服务中心从事护理服务的226人进行调查。结果显示护理人员均有一定的心理压力，需要学习与护理相关的法律知识，制订各种疾病规范化护理的要求。     

白血病患儿家长的护理需求及对策

目的了解白血病患儿家长对护理的需求,为临床护士实施有效护理与宣教提供依据.方法自行设计问卷,对本院白血病患儿家长57人进行问卷调查,回收率100%.结果90%以上的家长希望入院时得到热情接待,渴望能与护士沟通交流;70%以上的家长希望了解白血病的预后及治愈率,想知道治疗措施、用药后的不良反应及饮食要求;45%左右的家长希望健康宣教在心情平静时进行,并要求面对面讲解,心情不愉快时能得到安慰,并希望对孩子隐瞒病情.结论白血病患儿家长心理压力大,在护理中应以患儿及家长的需求为中心,改变护理方式,提高护理质量.     

Coping and social support of parents with a diabetic child

The purpose of this study is to describe and understand the parental coping and the social support received by the parents of diabetic children. The parental coping process was followed for a 4-week period after the diagnosis of diabetes. The parents of two girls, whose diabetes was diagnosed in early childhood, served as study subjects. Data were collected by interviewing and observing the parents over four separate periods. The data were analyzed by the time series and content analysis methods. Six phases of parental coping were identified: disbelief, lack of information and guilt, learning to care, normalization, uncertainty and reorganization. In the different phases of parental coping, the parents' experience of stress, coping strategies and sense of control varied. In the phase of disbelief, the parents tried to reject the child's diabetes by questioning the diagnosis. The initial information given to the parents regarding their child's diabetes proved to be important for parental coping. In the phase of lack of information and guilt, the parents sought reasons for their child's diabetes and felt guilty about it. As coping responses, the parents sought support from each other and from people who had experienced the same. In the learning to care phase, they recognized the demands caused by diabetes and took responsibility for the child's care. The parents appreciated supervision based on their problems. In the normalization phase, the parents prepared to return home with the diabetic child. Getting back to normal life was one of the most effective parental coping responses. In the uncertainty phase, the care to be given to the diabetic child changed the daily routines of the family. In the reorganization phase, the parents adapted to the diagnosis of diabetes and to the care of their diabetic child. The parents felt that the life of the family normalized and was able to be controlled.