VSD灌洗联合带蒂非主干血管皮瓣移植治疗足踝部感染性组织缺损疗效分析

目的 探讨应用VSD灌洗联合带蒂非主干血管皮瓣移植治疗足踝部感染性组织缺损的疗效.方法 自2009年以来,我院应用VSD灌洗联合带蒂非主干血管皮瓣移植治疗足踝部感染性组织缺损30例,治疗方法:{1}术前根据药敏结果全身应用敏感抗生素治疗;{2}术中彻底清创,清除坏死骨组织及炎性肉芽组织;{3}创面安置VSD负压材料,持续抗生素灌洗5～7d,负压封闭引流8～10d;{4}应用局部皮瓣转移修复足踝部创面.结果 本组30例均获得随访,随访时间8个月,感染均已控制,感染部位达到临床愈合.结论 采用一期VSD联合敏感抗生素冲洗,二期采用带蒂非主干血管皮瓣修复组织缺损,可彻底治愈足踝部感染性创面.     

带蒂皮瓣移植术在胫骨骨折临床中的应用研究

目的分析带蒂皮瓣移植术治疗胫骨开放性骨折伴软组织缺损的临床效果。方法回顾性分析本院38例胫骨开放性骨折伴皮肤软组织缺损患者的临床资料,均以外固定支架或联合克氏针有限内固定重建骨稳定性,带蒂皮瓣移植术修复创面。结果 38例获3～15个月随访,皮瓣成活良好,27例患者对受区与供区形态与功能满意,3个月后X线片示骨折端有骨痂形成。结论带蒂皮瓣移植术是治疗胫骨开放性骨折伴皮肤软组织缺损一种安全有效的方法。     

胫骨截骨延长治疗创伤后慢性骨髓炎伴骨缺损临床研究

目的总结应用改良Ilizarov外固定架截骨延长修复创伤后感染性胫骨缺损伴皮肤软组织缺损的临床疗效。方法选取2011—2013年采用手术清创、摘除死骨、改良Ilizarov全环组装式外固定架截骨延长治疗的15例骨髓炎伴骨缺损及皮肤软组织缺损患者。根据骨缺损长度一期选择手术方法：缺损4—7cm者应用骨端-端加压外固定结合同期肢体延长,直接闭合创面;缺损大于7—12cm者应用骨节段性延长转位术,创面旷置。均于术后7d开始以每天延长1．0mm的速度延长,分2～3次完成。结果15例患者经5～11个月（平均8个月）均达到骨性愈合,皮肤软组织缺损修复。随诊6～12个月,骨髓炎未复发。结论改良Ilizarov外固定架截骨延长术操作相对简单,安全可靠,无骨不连、骨萎缩等并发症．外固定架便于调整护理,效果理想,是一种治疗复杂创伤后胫骨慢性骨髓炎伴骨缺损的理想手术方法。     

健侧骨膜皮瓣桥式转移修复患侧胫骨骨不连及软组织缺损

目的探讨应用健侧骨膜皮瓣桥式转移修复患侧胫骨骨不连、骨缺损的临床疗效。方法对73例骨不连、骨外露、骨缺损者,切除瘢痕病灶或进行创面扩创,祛除死骨及硬化骨折端,打通骨髓腔。合并感染者,取出骨折内固定物行外固定。采用以健侧胫后血管下端为蒂逆行胫骨骨膜皮瓣,桥式转移修复患侧胫骨骨不连、骨缺损并皮肤软组织缺损。结果术后骨膜皮瓣全部成活。骨不连患者骨折线均在3～6个月消失,骨缺损患者骨折线均在4～8个月消失,骨折全部愈合。结论对种种原因不能行游离组织移植修复的胫骨骨不连、骨缺损并皮肤软组织缺损,采用健侧胫骨骨膜皮瓣桥式转移修复,不需吻合血管,安全,手术成功率高,是一种较理想的治疗方法。     

带血管蒂髂骨皮瓣治疗前臂骨皮缺损20例疗效观察

目的：观察前臂尺骨或挠骨大块缺失同时伴有大面积皮肤软组织缺损患者,应用带旋髂浅动脉为血管蒂的骨皮瓣移植修复治疗效果。方法：带旋髂浅动脉血管蒂的髂骨皮瓣移植修复治疗前臂尺、挠骨及皮肤软组织缺损患者20例。结果：本组20例术后皮瓣全部成活血液供应良好,第13～16天开始皮管断血训练,4周断蒂,2个月时复查X线,显示移植髂骨块已与前臂骨缺损断端紧密连接,术后3个月检查显示,前臂及腕关节功能基本恢复。结论：对于前臂尺骨或挠骨大块缺失同时伴有大面积皮肤软组织缺损患者,应用带旋髂浅动脉为血管蒂的骨皮瓣移植修复治疗,效果确切。     

局部带蒂转移皮瓣结合外固定支架技术修复肢体软组织伴大段骨缺损

目的 探讨如何在减少手术创伤的情况下修复肢体软组织伴大段骨组织缺损.方法 回顾分析3例行局部带蒂转移皮瓣结合外固定支架(Ilizarov技术)修复肢体软组织缺损同时伴有大段骨缺损的临床资料,对病人的肢体外形、功能及接受程度进行评价.结果 转移皮瓣3例均成活,骨延长后断端骨性愈合,延长骨段矿化良好,肢体外形及功能恢复满意.结论 与传统的游离皮瓣结合转移骨瓣的治疗方法相比较,带蒂转移皮瓣结合Ilizarov技术的术式难度及创伤较小,所有皮瓣全部成活,局部创面修复后,移植皮瓣弹性及耐磨性良好,感觉存在;延长骨质矿化良好,新生骨质强度良好,可承重;病人对手术方式可以接受,肢体功能恢复表示满意.     

手外伤腹部带蒂皮瓣移植术的护理

手外伤十分常见,尤其是手外伤常见皮肤软组织缺损合并骨、肌腱、关节、血管及神经外露,临床上常用腹部带蒂皮瓣转移术修复,既解除了患者的痛苦,又恢复了肢体的功能,皮瓣移植技术要求比较高,做好术前术后护理,特别是术后皮瓣观察与护理,对保证手术效果非常重要.我院2008～2010年收治160例手指损伤残端行腹部带蒂皮瓣修复的患者,住院时间短、痛苦轻、费用低,通过术前术后护理及断蒂后功能锻炼,疗效满意,报道如下.     

带血管蒂腓骨骨皮瓣交叉移植治疗胫骨和皮肤缺损

目的：探讨应用带血管蒂的腓骨骨皮瓣交叉移植治疗胫骨和皮肤缺损的疗效。方法自2004年以来依照患者肢体复合缺损情况及全身情况，采用带血管蒂腓骨骨皮瓣交叉移植治疗胫骨和皮肤缺损15例，其中男10例，女5例，年龄12～45岁，2例于术后3～6个月行二期肌腱移位、动力重建术。结果本组15例，随访3～36个月，平均10个月，伤口一期愈合6例，二期愈合2例，5例行置管冲洗引流后愈合，2例出现骨折不愈合经髂骨植骨后达骨性愈合，经术后随访伤肢功能活动良好。结论带血管蒂腓骨骨皮瓣交叉移植是治疗胫骨和皮肤缺损的一种有效办法。     

带血管蒂岛状皮瓣的移位修复组织缺损

目的 应用几种带血管蒂岛状皮瓣的移位修复四肢较大面积软组织缺损。方法 带血管蒂的腓肠内侧头皮瓣，尺动脉上皮瓣，外踝上动脉皮瓣，臀上动脉皮瓣修复不同种类的软组织缺损35例。结果 除2例皮瓣局部或边缘坏死经上移植皮痊愈，其余全部成活，随访时间2．5～7年，效果满意。结论 带血管蒂岛状皮瓣移位修复组织缺损安全、简便、不吻合血管，成功率高，只要术中仔细分离，对血管主干的损伤机遇很小，多数创面均能达到一期愈合。     

早期系统康复护理在桥式皮瓣手术患肢功能康复中的应用

外伤所致的小腿皮肤及软组织缺损,由于伤情复杂,此类患者病程长,需要多次住院和多次手术治疗.一般小腿桥式皮瓣术后需卧床3～7周,长期卧床使其并发症增多.我科自2009年1月至2011年1月对桥式皮瓣修复小腿复杂伤患者实施早期系统康复护理,收到了良好的效果,报告如下.1 资料与方法1.1 一般资料 本组57例,其中男47例,女10例;年龄8～50岁,平均年龄32.4岁;其中交通事故47例,重物砸伤6例,机器伤4例;全部为桥式皮瓣修复小腿皮肤及软组织缺损、骨缺损骨外露、骨髓炎患者,其中采用小腿内侧筋膜蒂交腿皮瓣10例,改良带血管蒂桥式交叉小腿内侧皮瓣15例,桥式健侧逆行交叉胫后A和腓A穿支皮瓣10例,借用健侧胫后血管桥接背阔肌皮瓣9例,股前外侧皮瓣桥式吻合血管移植修复大面积骨外露创面13例.断蒂时间3～6周,平均30.2d.     

Analgesia induced by brief footshock is inhibited by 5-hydroxytryptamine but unaffected by antagonists of 5-hydroxytryptamine or by naloxone

Exposure to footshock (1 mA) for 30 sec induced a marked analgesia that was enhanced by pretreatment with the 5HT synthesis inhibitor, p-chlorophenylalanine, and attenuated by the 5HT releasing drugs p-chloroamphetamine and fenfluramine, by the 5HT re-uptake inhibitor, fluoxetine and by the 5HT agonists, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine and MK212. However, agonists, quipazine and trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine, with greated reported affinities for 5HT binding sites on rat brain membranes than MK212 were without effect as were the antagonists metergoline, methysergide, cyproheptadine, mianserine and methiothepin. The specific opioid antagonist naloxone was also without effect. The results in general indicate that analgesia induced by brief footshock (1 mA, 30 sec) is inversely related to 5HT availability but thereis little evidence of involvement of known 5HT receptors.     

Synergism by caffeine and by cocaine of the motor control deficit produced by midazolam

To evaluate the effects of caffeine and cocaine on the impairment of discriminative motor control produced by midazolam, rats were trained to hold a force transducer operated with a paw so that it remained between upper and lower limits of a force band for a continuous 1.5-s period to deliver each food pellet. Acute doses of 3 mg/kg midazolam SC impaired motor performance. Except for one animal, caffeine (10-40 mg/kg IP) had little or no effect on performance, while cocaine (3.75-22.5 mg/kg IP) produced dose-related impairment. When each dose of caffeine was combined with 3 mg/kg midazolam, a marked synergism in motor performance impairment occurred. Cocaine plus midazolam produced mainly an additive synergism. The conspicuous synergistic action of caffeine on the motor control deficit produced by midazolam contrasts with the typical antagonism found between the benzodiazepines and methylxanthines when performance is evaluated by psychomotor tests not requiring fine motor control.     

Deamination of beta-phenylethylamine by monoamine oxidase--inhibition by imipramine

The oxidative deamination of tyramine (Tyr), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and β-phenylethylamine (PEA) by mitochondrial preparations of rabbit lung and brain was inhibited by imipramine. This tricyclic iminodibenzyl antidepressant drug was most effective in decreasing the deamination of PEA: at 1 × 10^?4M imipramine, deamination of PEA, Tyr and 5-HT was inhibited by approximately 70, 45 and 45 per cent, respectively, when either lung or brain mitochondrial monoamine oxidase (MAO) preparations were used. Imipramine-induced inhibition of MAO was shown to be of a mixed type based on Lineweaver-Burk plots, but was found to be completely reversible. The desmcthyl and didesmethyl derivatives of imipramine were equally as effective as the parent drug in inhibiting the deamination of PEA, whereas the N-oxide analog of imipramine was less effective as an inhibitor of this reaction. These results support the premise that the action of imipramine as a clinically effective antidepressive agent may be related to its inhibitory effect on the specific form of MAO which deaminates PEA.     

Augmentation by serrapeptase of tissue permeation by cefotiam

Cefotiam (CTM) is a new cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Cephalosporins are widely used for prophylaxis of infections in patients undergoing thoracotomy. Augmentation by serrapeptase on tissue permeation of CTM was examined in 35 thoracotomy patients with lung cancer. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the method of the administration of CTM. Group I consisted of 17 subjects, each of whom received a single dose of 2 g of CTM alone by an instillation for 30 minutes. Group II consisted of 18 subjects, each of whom received a combination of CTM and serrapeptase; serrapeptase was given 2 tablets (10 mg) each time for three times/day until the day before surgery, and then CTM was administered by the same procedure. The following results were obtained: Individual difference was observed for the permeation of CTM into tissues. Pathologic differences also affected the permeation. Nevertheless, the CTM levels in pulmonary tissues reached about a half of those in the blood in both the single dose group and the combination group, hence sufficient concentrations exceeding MIC80 for main microorganisms that caused infections in the lung were obtained. The concentrations of CTM in inflammatory tissues have showed lower levels than those of normal tissues in both CTM single dose and the combination groups. Decrease of blood flow volume may have contributed to the reduction in levels of CTM in the inflammatory tissues. The ratio of the concentration of the drug in pulmonary tissues to that in the blood was 29.1 +/- 2.5% in the single dose group, and 44.2 +/- 6.0% in the combination group, the latter showing quite a significant increase (P less than 0.05). Combined administrations of CTM and serrapeptase deserves more trials in the case when surgical treatments of the lung are performed. An antiinflammatory effect of serrapeptase in the respiratory system is expected, and in addition, the combined use of CTM and serrapeptase should stimulate permeation of the antibiotic into tissues.     

Immunomodulation by non-absorbable antibiotics given by the intragastric route

To test the role of bacterial fractions released from intestinal flora during immunomodulation by antimicrobial agents, BALB/c mice were treated with the non-absorbable antibiotics polymyxin B or teicoplanin by the intragastric route. The composition of faecal microbiota and the capacity of spleen cells to proliferate in response to B-cell and T-cell mitogens were assessed at several times during the treatment. Both antibiotics lowered the count of some bacteria of the intestinal flora and induced significant modifications in spleen cell ability to proliferate in response to mitogens. Thus, the active fractions released from intestinal bacteria during antibiotic treatments may be able to induce immunomodulating effects.