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1.
目的:系统评价早期下床活动对肝切除术后患者康复效果的影响。方法:计算机检索CNKI、万方数据库、维普数据库、生物医学文献数据库、Ovid、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library等中英文数据库中有关早期下床活动对肝切除术后患者康复效果影响的RCT文献,检索时间为建库至2...  相似文献   

2.
肺切除术后早期活动的可行性研究与效果分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的评估肺切除病人术后24h内早期下床活动的安全性与可行性。方法对2009年1~5月41例行肺叶切除病人进行前瞻性对照研究,术后24h内即下床活动者为加速康复组,术后第2天开始下床活动者为对照组,比较两组病例术后第1天胸腔引流量、术后首次活动前后末梢血氧饱和度(SPO2)、心负荷指标和疼痛度的变化等活动安全性指标和相关康复效果观察指标,分析影响病人早期下床活动的相关因素。结果两组病例术后第1天胸腔引流量、首次下床活动前后SPO2、心负荷指标和疼痛度的变化均差异无显著意义,两组病例均未有跌倒或胸管滑脱现象发生;两组病例术后首次排便时间3d者差异有显著意义(P=0.041);Logistic二元回归分析示疼痛是影响病人术后早期活动的主要因素(P=0.008)。结论肺切除术后24h内早期活动是安全有效的护理措施,术后有效止痛是促进病人早期活动的前提和保证。  相似文献   

3.
目的:探讨科学、可行的胰十二指肠切除术后早期下床活动方案。方法:于2020年2月成立课题组,经文献循证和专家小组讨论初步拟定早期下床活动方案,采用德尔菲法于2020年6—10月选取来自北京3家三级甲等医院的共11名专家进行2轮函询,计算专家积极系数、专家的权威系数、肯德尔协调系数,根据专家修改意见构建早期下床活动方案。...  相似文献   

4.
目的探讨肝切除患者术后第2天下床活动的可行性及其对术后恢复的影响。方法选择2016年5月~2017年5月我院收治256例肝癌行肝切除手术的患者作为研究对象,随机分为对照组130例和观察组126例。对照组于术后第3~5天开始下床活动。观察组术后第2天开始下床活动。对两组术后住院时间、并发症、胃肠道功能恢复情况进行比较。结果两组术后并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组首次排气时间、首次排便时间以及住院时间明显短于对照组(P<0.01),且观察组术后腹胀发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论行肝切除术后第2天下床活动不会导致患者发生并发症,其有促进患者康复、减轻患者经济负担、缓解患者痛苦、增加患者舒适度的作用。  相似文献   

5.
早下床活动对妇科手术后病人可行性研究   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7  
我们对妇科手术后病人的下床时间进行了研究,其方法是,全子宫切除病人于术后2天开始下床活动,次全子宫切除病人于术后1天开始下床活动,早下床活动的病人共140例,与传统的护理方法比较,其并发症明显减少,输液天数,全宫切除病人缩短了1.48天,次一子宫切除病人缩短了0.88天,住院日数,全子宫切除病人减少了3.44天,次全子宫切除的病人减少了0.9天,加速了病情恢复,收到良好的效果。  相似文献   

6.
目的探讨直肠癌患者术后下床活动量化的效果。方法选取本院2017年9月-2018年9月期间收治的86例直肠前切除手术患者,采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,每组各43例。两组患者均进行常规护理。对照组根据患者自愿原则下床活动,试验组实施量化活动干预,比较两组患者术后活动量及康复情况。结果试验组患者术后3d活动总步数、活动总距离多于对照组;试验组患者首次肠鸣音时间、首次肛门排气时间均早于对照组,试验组患者术后住院时间、住院总费用和并发症例数均少于对照组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论直肠癌患者术后活动量化有利于患者依从术后护理康复计划,促进其加速康复。  相似文献   

7.
[目的]探讨微血管减压术病人术后早期下床活动的可行性。[方法]将160例研究对象随机分为观察组和对照组各80例。观察组病人术后48h在无头痛、头晕、恶心、呕吐的情况下由护士陪同下采取渐进式下床活动方式,对照组按照常规在术后72h后开始下床活动方式。其他治疗及护理方法相同。比较两组术后低颅压发生率、舒适度及术后住院时间。[结果]两组术后住院时间、舒适度比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而低颅压发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]微血管减压术后病人可以在术后48h采取渐进式下床活动方式,能增加病人舒适度,缩短术后住院时间。  相似文献   

8.
目的:探讨促进小儿阑尾切除术后进行早期下床活动的护理对策。方法:观察并记录87例小儿阑尾切除术后肛门排气时间,分析影响早期活动,导致肛门排气延迟的因素,并提出针对性护理措施。结果:本组术后6h肛门排气31例,12h排气31例,24h排气11例,48h以后排气14例,8例出现腹胀,2例并发肺部感染。结论:指导患儿术后早期下床活动,能促进胃肠功能的恢复,减少并发症,促进患儿康复。  相似文献   

9.
目的改良活动方式在肝切除术后患者中的应用效果。方法 2017年1-6月,便利抽样法选取在海军军医大学东方肝胆外科医院肝外三科因肝肿瘤实施肝切除术的患者96例为研究对象。按入院先后将其分为对照组(2017年1-3月)和观察组(2017年4-6月),每组48例。对照组患者按肝脏外科术后护理常规进行护理,观察组患者在对照组的基础上采用改良活动方式进行早期活动。比较两组患者术后第3天的活动情况、疼痛及睡眠情况,分析术后5d内患者的胃肠道功能恢复情况以及并发症发生率和术后住院时间等。结果术后第3天,观察组患者术后活动距离、睡眠时间均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);但两组患者的疼痛评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后5d内,两组患者恶心/呕吐、腹胀、腹泻等发生率的差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05),但首次排气时间、首次排便时间的差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。住院期间两组患者的术后并发症发生率的差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05)。观察组患者住院时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论改良活动方式可有效提高肝切除术后患者的恢复效果,且安全可行,值得推广。  相似文献   

10.
全子宫切除术后早期下床活动最佳时机的选择   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的 :探讨全子宫切除术后早期下床活动的最佳时机。方法 :腹式全子宫切除术病人101例 ,按摸球法分为3组。第1组术后≤24h下床活动 ,第2组术后25~30h下床活动 ,第3组术后>30h下床活动 ,通过观察病人的肛门排气时间、切口疼痛程度、阴道断端出血、术后发热持续时间及术后住院日情况。结果 :术后≤24h下床活动与第2组下床活动时间段比较 ,其肛门排气时间提前(x2=23.8 ,P<0.01) ,术后发热持续时间短(q=4.17 ,P<0.01) ,术后住院日缩短(q=5.48 ,P<0.01) ,有极显著差异性 ,而阴道断端出血与切口疼痛无差异性。结论 :全子宫切除术后早期下床活动不仅可行而且对病人术后身体康复有相当大的益处 ,其最佳下床活动时间为术后24h左右。  相似文献   

11.

Background

Migraine headaches are a common reason for pediatric emergency department (ED) visits. Small studies suggest the potential efficacy of sub-anesthetic doses of propofol for migraine with a favorable side effect profile and potentially decreased length of stay (LOS).

Objective

The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of low-dose propofol (LDP) to standard therapy (ST) in pediatric migraine treatment.

Methods

We conducted a prospective, pragmatic randomized controlled trial from April 2014 through June 2016 in the ED at two pediatric hospitals. Patients aged 7–19 years were eligible if they were diagnosed with migraine by the emergency physician and had a presenting visual analog pain score (VAS) of 6–10. Primary outcome was the percent of pain reduction. Secondary outcomes were ED LOS, 24-h rebound headache, return visits to the ED, and adverse reactions.

Results

Seventy-four patients were enrolled, but 8 were excluded, leaving 66 patients in the final analysis (36 ST, 30 LDP). Pain reduction was 59% for ST and 51% for LDP (p = 0.34) with 72.2% vs. 73.3% achieving a VAS ≤ 4 with initial therapy (p = 0.92). There was a nonsignificant trend toward shorter median LOS from drug administration to final disposition favoring propofol (79 min vs. 111 min; p = 0.09). Rebound headache was significantly more common in the ST vs. LDP group (66.7% vs. 25.0%; p = 0.01).

Conclusions

LDP did not achieve better pain reduction than ST, however, LDP was associated with significantly fewer rebound headaches and a nonsignificant trend toward shorter median LOS from drug administration to disposition.  相似文献   

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13.
伟素治疗微量白蛋白尿期糖尿病肾病的疗效   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
目的 探讨伟素对微量白蛋白尿期糖尿病肾病的疗效。方法 纳入年龄43—70岁,糖尿病病程6个月~30年,24h尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)30.300mg的60例。微量白蛋白尿期糖尿病肾病(DN)患者60例,采用计算机随机分组方法将患者等分为3组:常规治疗组只予常规降糖治疗12周;氯沙坦钾组在常规降糖治疗同时每日晨15服氯沙坦钾50mg,12周;伟素组在常规降糖治疗的同时给予伟素600 LSU,qd,iv或im治疗4周,再以250 LSU bid,po序贯治疗8周。所检测指标包括尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)等。结果 常规治疗组UAER在治疗前后差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。而氯沙坦钾组和伟素组两组治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01),治疗3个月后氯沙坦钾组UAER下降34.04%,伟素组下降33.62%。治疗后两组UAER与常规组比较差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01),但两组间同期比较差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论 伟素能够减少微量白蛋白尿期糖尿病肾病患者的尿白蛋白排泄率;与氯沙坦钾的疗效相当。  相似文献   

14.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of an mHealth wheelchair skills training program on clinical outcomes among older adult manual wheelchair users.Design2×2 factorial randomized controlled trial.SettingCommunity setting in 2 Canadian cities.ParticipantsConvenience sample of manual wheelchair users 50 years and older living in the community who were able to self-propel with both hands and communicate in English. Participants (N=18) were randomized into either a mHealth treatment (n=10) or tablet gaming control (n=8) group.InterventionsAll participants received 2 in-person sessions with their trainer and engaged in a 4-week monitored home training program with a computer tablet. The Enhancing Participation In the Community by improving Wheelchair Skills program provided wheelchair skills training; the control program included 9 dexterity and cognitive training games.Main Outcome MeasuresThe primary outcome was wheelchair skill capacity. Secondary outcomes included safety, self-efficacy, activity participation, mobility, divided-attention, and health-related quality of life.ResultsData collection was blinded to group allocation. Capacity improved by 2 skills but with no statistically significant between-group difference. The mHealth training program had a significant effect on participation (P=.03) and self-efficacy (P=.06) with large effect sizes (ηp2=0.22-0.29). Mobility, safety with skill performance, and divided attention measures demonstrated medium effect size changes, but only safety with skill performance was statistically significant. The program was more beneficial for participants with <1 year of wheelchair experience.ConclusionEnhancing Participation In the Community by improving Wheelchair Skills participants demonstrated good program adherence and clinical benefits were evident in community participation and wheelchair self-efficacy. Wheelchair safety and mobility were positively affected, while skill capacity showed a small, nonsignificant improvement. Future study should investigate benefit retention over time.  相似文献   

15.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility of a clinical trial involving participants with concussion randomized to treatments designed to address fear avoidance or endurance coping, which are risk factors for disability. A secondary objective was to evaluate whether each treatment could affect selective change on targeted coping outcomes.DesignRandomized controlled trial.SettingOutpatient concussion clinics.ParticipantsAdults (N=73, mean age=42.5y) who had persistent postconcussion symptoms and high avoidance or endurance behavior were enrolled at a mean of 12.9 weeks post injury. Ten participants did not complete treatment.InterventionsParticipants were randomized to an interdisciplinary rehabilitation program delivered via videoconferencing and tailored to avoidance coping (graded exposure therapy [GET]) or endurance coping (operant condition-based pacing strategies plus mindfulness training [Pacing+]).Main Outcome MeasuresFeasibility outcomes included screening efficiency, accrual, credibility, treatment fidelity, adherence, and retention. Avoidance was measured with the Fear Avoidance Behavior after Traumatic Brain Injury Questionnaire and endurance behavior with the Behavioral Response to Illness Questionnaire.ResultsScreening efficiency, or the proportion of clinic patients who were assessed for eligibility, was 44.5% (275 of 618). A total of 65.8% (73 of 111) of eligible patients were randomized (37 to GET, 36 to Pacing+), meeting accrual targets; 91.7% (55 of 60) of participants perceived treatment as credible. Therapists covered a mean of 96.8% of essential prescribed elements, indicating excellent fidelity. The majority (71.2%; 47 of 66) of participants consistently attended treatment sessions and completed between-session homework. Retention was strong, with 65 of 73 (89%) randomized participants completing the outcome assessment. GET was associated with greater posttreatment reductions in avoidance behavior compared with Pacing+ (Cohen's drepeated measures, 0.81), whereas the treatment approach-specific effect of Pacing+ on endurance behavior was less pronounced (Cohen's drepeated measures, 0.39).ConclusionsThese findings support a future efficacy-focused clinical trial. GET has the potential to selectively reduce fear avoidance behavior after concussion, and, via this mechanism, to prevent or reduce disability.  相似文献   

16.
目的 探讨降低婴幼儿胸部DR管电压和调整胸部来优化婴幼儿胸部DR图像质量和辐射剂量的可行性.方法 纳入0~3岁婴幼儿400例,分成0~、1~3岁两个年龄段,再按年龄段随机分为优化组和对照组进行DR摄影.辐射剂量用剂量面积乘积(DAP)计算.统计分析采用SPSS 17.0软件,两组间均数比较采用t检验,DR图象质量比较采用秩和检验.结果 最初共纳入400例婴幼儿,在排除9例不符合纳入标准者后,最终纳入391例婴幼儿胸部正位图像进行分析,其中优化组196例(0~岁91例、1~3岁105例),对照组195例(0~岁103例、1~3岁92例).结果 显示:两组0 ~岁、1~3岁和总体DAP值差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05),优化组DAP值较对照组平均降低21.6%;秩和检验结果显示两组主观评价图像质量差异有统计学意义(P=0.000),优化组比对照组多获得优质图像43.9%.结论 降低婴幼儿胸部DR管电压和调整胸部尽可能小的照射野不但能降低婴幼儿辐射剂量且能改善图像质量.  相似文献   

17.
目的对替硝唑含片治疗牙周炎和冠周炎的疗效及安全性进行评价.方法试验采用多中心、随机、双盲、平行对照临床试验设计方案.来自上海、杭州和成都的三个单位分别完成试验样本的1/3.试验药替硝唑含片(商品名津和(R))由申办单位深圳市中联制药有限公司提供.阳性对照药为国家食品药品监督管理局已批准上市的替硝唑含片,均为每次含服5 mg,每日4次,疗程6天.疗效评定指标包括牙周炎、冠周炎病人的主观症状和客观体征,牙周炎病人还要评定牙龈指数、出血指数、菌斑指数和牙周袋深度.从牙周炎病人的病变牙菌斑、冠周炎病人的冠周分泌物取样做需氧和厌氧培养,比较牙周和冠周可疑致病菌培养分离的结果.观察和记录不良事件,进行适当处理和随访.结果共157例符合纳入标准,失访14例(8.9%).遵循设计方案,受试者纳入牙周炎109例(试验组57、对照组52例),冠周炎34例(试验组、对照组各17例).基线分析显示两组具有可比性.治疗结束时复查,牙周炎试验组与对照组牙龈出血85%以上明显改善,牙龈疼痛、咬合疼痛均有减轻,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);牙周袋深度、出血指数、牙龈指数、菌斑指数均有减少,其差值的两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).冠周炎病例60%以上获得症状改善,75%以上冠周脓液消失,60%以上淋巴结肿大消退,张口度均有增加,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).以显著改善及痊愈计算有效率,两组均达到88.2%.治疗前在牙周、冠周均可查到不同类型的可疑致病菌,而治疗后复查发现大部分致病菌株消失或数量减少,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).治疗前后在试验组、对照组均未检出白色念珠菌.在治疗期间共有9例发生不良事件,其中试验组与对照组分别为5例(6.8%)、4例(5.8%),两组间比较无显著差异,均为轻度一过性,不影响继续用药.结论深圳市中联制药有限公司研制的替硝唑含片(商品名津和(R))能有效抑制牙周炎、冠周炎常见病原菌,但不引起菌群失调;可减少牙周、冠周炎的症的严重程度,促进其好转或康复.不良反应少而轻微.其疗效与国家食品药品监督管理局已批准上市的替硝唑含片相当.  相似文献   

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早期平衡训练对脑卒中偏瘫患者步行能力的影响   总被引:5,自引:6,他引:5  
目的 探讨早期平衡训练对偏瘫患者步行功能恢复的影响。方法 120例脑卒中患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各60例;对照组予以神经内科常规药物治疗和一般康复治疗;治疗组在上述治疗基础上加用早期平衡功能训练,采用简易Fugl—Meyer运动功能评分(FMA)和改良巴氏指数评分(MBI)在治疗8周后对两组患者进行评定。结果 治疗前,两组患者的FMA和MBI无显著性差异(P〉0.05);治疗后,两组的评分均较治疗前改善(P〈0.05).但治疗组改善的程度大于对照组。结论 早期平衡训练可促进脑卒中偏瘫患者步行能力的恢复。  相似文献   

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