还原型谷胱甘肽治疗抗结核药所致药物性肝炎

目的 :探讨GSII对抗结核药所致的轻中度肝损害的疗效。方法 :抗结核药所致的中毒性肝炎病人 10 0例 ,按知情同意自愿原则分成 2组 ,治疗组 5 8例 ,不停用抗结核药物 ,加用还原型谷胱甘肽注射液1.2g ,静脉滴注 ,每日一次 ,连用 4周。对照组 42例 ,停用抗结核药物 ,不用还原型谷胱甘肽 ,两组均采用基础治疗 (肝泰乐注射液 0 .4静脉滴注 ,一日一次 ,维生素C注射液 3 .0静脉滴注 ,一日一次 ,氨基酸注射液2 5 0ml静脉滴注 ,一日一次 )。结果 :治疗 4周后 ,治疗组显效 42例 ( 72 .41% ) ,有效 15例 ( 2 5 .86) ,无效 1例( 1.72 % ) ,对照组显效 8例 ( 19.0 4% ) ,有效 2 2例 ( 5 2 .3 8% ) ,无效 12例 ( 2 8.5 7% ) ,治疗组总有效率为98.2 8% ,对照组总有效率为 71.43 % ,两率比较存在显著性差异P <0 .0 5 ) ,治疗组中不良反应仅出现 1例 ,表现为恶心 ,呕吐 ,食欲不振 ,经对症处理后缓解。结论 :还原型谷胱甘肽治疗抗结核药所致的中毒性肝炎有显著疗效 ,且安全可靠 ,值得临床推广     

六味地黄丸治疗慢性乙型病毒性肝炎的临床研究

目的观察六味地黄丸治疗慢性乙型病毒性肝炎(CHB)患者的临床疗效。方法将136例CHB患者,按抽签法随机分为治疗组81例,对照组55例,两组均给予常规保肝药物治疗,治疗组加用六味地黄丸9 g,2次/d,口服;对照组加用水飞蓟宾70 mg,3次/d,口服,疗程6个月。结果治疗组在治疗后,临床症状明显好转,肝功能的各项指标逐渐下降,与对照组治疗6个月后比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。治疗组的总有效率显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论六味地黄丸具有确实的保肝降酶作用和一定的抗病毒疗效,且安全、无毒、价格低廉,适合临床应用。     

还原型谷胱甘肽对异甘草酸镁治疗酒精性肝炎疗效的影响

 目的 探究还原型谷胱甘肽对异甘草酸镁治疗酒精性肝炎疗效的影响。方法 选择2014年1－12月酒精性肝炎患者140例,按随机数字表法分为实验组和对照组,每组70例。对照组给予异甘草酸镁注射液治疗,实验组在对照组治疗基础上加用还原型谷胱甘肽注射液。以4周为一疗程,观察并记录两组患者肝功能指标丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、总胆红素(TBIL)。结果 治疗后实验组肝功能指标ALT、AST、GGT、总胆红素水平优于对照组,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组有效率(94.29%)高于对照组(81.43%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后实验组无不良反应发生;对照组不良反应发生率为10%,高于实验组(P<0.05)。结论 还原型谷胱甘肽可以提高异甘草酸镁治疗酒精性肝炎的效果。     

亚硒酸钠治疗病毒性肝炎疗效观察

硒含硫氨基和维生素Ｅ ,在抗氧化保护性体系中起着重叠而独立的作用。硒和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(ＧＳＨ -Ｐｘ)在肝细胞中的浓度比红细胞高 2～ 3倍 ,说明肝细胞有很高的酶活性。我们应用亚硒酸钠治疗病毒性肝炎 ,以观察补硒对病毒性肝炎的临床疗效和对某些抗氧化指标的影响。1　对象和方法1 1　对象　病毒性肝炎 64例 ,男 4 6例 ,女 1 8例 ;年龄 2 3～ 58岁 ,平均 4 1 2岁。诊断标准符合 1 995年 5月第 5次全国传染病寄生虫学术会议修订的病毒性肝炎防治方案。随机分为亚硒酸钠治疗组 3 2例 ,常规治疗组 3 2例 ,另设对照组为健康献血员 3 0…     

健肝注射液治疗病毒性肝炎疗效观察

病毒性肝炎是由肝炎病毒所致的全身性疾病 ,主要损伤肝脏 ,不及时治疗 ,少数人可转成慢性 ,也可累及其它脏器发病。笔者经黄芩、三七等中药制成注射液治疗病毒性肝炎 ,从临床症状、体征变化及化验检查均收到满意的效果。现归纳如下。1　一般资料1 1　处方组成　黄芩、三七、大黄、黄芪、五味子等1 2病例选择　按 1 990年全国病毒性肝炎会议诊断标准 ,选择 1 1 7例病人随机分为两组。治疗组 :应用健肝注射液治疗 61例 ;对照组应用茵栀黄注射液治疗 56例 (见表 1 )。表 1　两组病人情况一览表分组ｎ性别男女年龄 (岁 )最大最小病程最长最短…     

250例乙型病毒性肝炎心电图临床分析

本文对250例乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)进行心电图(ECG)动态观察,ECG异常者141例(56%)。丙氨酸转氨酶≤200IU组和>200IU组以及血清总胆红素≤17.1μmol/L组和>17.1μmol/L组ECG异常的发生率均有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。并发现乙肝患者年龄愈小。ECG异常率愈高。但与患乙肝病程无明显差异(P>0.2)。另外提示黄疸对窦性心动过缓(窦缓)发生率无明显关系。     

银杏叶片与益肝灵片治疗急性黄疸性肝炎效果比较

为进一步探讨治疗急性黄疸型肝炎的有效方法,我们在1996～1998年采用银杏叶片(贵州信帮制药有限责任公司生产)治疗病毒性肝炎,并与常规治疗方法进行疗效对比,前者收到较好的效果。1　对象和方法1.1　对象　本组106例急性黄疸型肝炎,均符合1995年(北京)第五次全国传染病寄生虫病学术会议修订的病毒性肝炎防治方案诊断标准,随机分为银杏叶片组(治疗组)和复方益肝灵片组(对照组)。治疗组52例,男37例,女15例;平均年龄29.8岁,其中甲肝29例,乙肝9例,甲、乙型肝炎混合感染14例,病程5.80±3.09d,血清总胆红素(TB)86.5～163μmol/L,平均129.5μmol/…     

中药茵栀清肝汤对急性病毒性肝炎患者血清C-反应蛋白、超氧化歧化酶及丙二醛的影响

 目的 研究中药茵栀清肝汤对急性病毒性肝炎患者的治疗作用和对C反应蛋白、超氧化歧化酶及丙二醛的影响.方法 80例急性病毒性肝炎患者随机分为对照组、还原型谷胱甘肽组和中药治疗低、高剂量组,中药组分别予以茵栀清肝汤1g/kg、2g/kg,1/d口服,共15 d.对照组、还原型谷胱甘肽组和中药治疗组均给予护肝治疗.治疗前后留取血清标本,检测肝功能;测定血清CRP、SOD及MDA的含量.结果 中药茵栀清肝汤治疗组患者血清AST、ALT水平较对照组显著降低(P＜0.05),对急性病毒性肝炎患者血清SOD活性有明显的升高作用(P＜0.05),并降低血清CRP、MDA的含量(P＜0.05).上述各项指标在中药茵栀清肝汤高剂量治疗组与还原型谷胱甘肽组之间对比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 茵栀清肝汤具有治疗急性病毒性肝炎患者的作用,其机制可能和抗氧化应激反应,维护体内CRP、SOD及MDA平衡有关.     

245例病毒性肝炎胆囊病变的B超分析

245例病毒性肝炎患者经B超检查发现并发胆囊病变者81例(33 1%),其中黄疸型和无黄疸型肝炎分别为56.5%和12.3%(P<0.005)。胆囊病变的B超声像图特征可分为4种类型,其中以胆囊萎缩实变样改变或囊壁明显增厚水肿者全部见于急性黄疸型或重型肝炎。61例进行了动态观察,45例随着肝炎临床治愈胆囊病变完全消失,病变复常时间与血清胆红素和SGPT的复常时间呈正相关。     

还原型谷胱甘肽治疗病毒性肝炎疗效分析

还原型谷胱甘肽作为内源性氧自由基清除剂,最早被用于酒精性肝病的治疗。随着对病毒性肝炎发病机制认识的不断深入,氧自由基对病毒性肝炎的损伤受到越来越多的重视，因此氧自由基清除剂还原型谷胱甘肽开始在临床上应用于各类急慢性病毒性肝炎的治疗。作者自2006年开始试用还原型谷胱甘肽治疗各类急慢性病毒性肝炎，取得了比较好的预期疗效，现将结果报告如下。     

Effective diet and exercise treatments for overweight and recommendations for intervention

Traditional diet and exercise treatments for obesity have been ineffective in reducing the prevalence of overweight in the population. Treatment outcomes for overweight can be measured in terms of physical parameters (e.g. bodyweight, percentage body fat, body mass index), medical terms (e.g. blood pressure, blood glucose control, blood lipid levels), psychological terms (e.g. eating pathology, self-esteem, mood state) and behavioural terms (e.g. frequency of exercise, eating patterns, self healthcare). Regardless of the specific outcome measures used to define successful treatment, the desired outcome must be maintained for several years to be considered effective. Energy restrictive diets cause significant initial bodyweight loss, but are plagued with high dropout- and relapse-rate. Low-fat diets have met with minimal success for bodyweight control, but nonetheless can significantly lower blood lipid levels. High-protein/low-carbohydrate diets are claimed to be the most effective in reducing bodyweight, but there are no scientific data to support these claims. Persons on these types of diets are also at the greatest risk for metabolic adverse effects. Nondieting approaches and programmes that stress 'health at any size' have not been researched rigorously, but preliminary data show minimal bodyweight loss with significant improvements in psychological state, eating pathology and well-being. Exercise is the only variable that consistently shows effectiveness in physiological, medical, psychological and behavioural outcomes. A treatment programme that has the greatest potential for success, regardless of outcome measure, is a programme that consists of 4 key components. These components are: (i) pre-evaluation, where historical information is gathered and used to set programme goals, objectives and outcome measures; (ii) exercise, wherein enjoyable exercise is encouraged for health, bodyweight control and well being; (iii) a behavioural plan, which is based on patterns of eating and activity that will lead to the desired outcome measures; and (iv) a maintenance plan, that helps the individual develop skills for maintaining newly developed behaviours.     

Perceptibility curve test for digital radiographs before and after correction for attenuation and correction for attenuation and visual response

OBJECTIVE: Two digital image processing methods, correction for X-ray attenuation and correction for attenuation and visual response, have been developed. The aim of the present study was to compare digital radiographs before and after correction for attenuation and correction for attenuation and visual response by means of a perceptibility curve test. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Radiographs were exposed of an aluminium test object containing holes ranging from 0.03 mm to 0.30 mm with increments of 0.03 mm. Fourteen radiographs were exposed with the Dixi system (Planmeca Oy, Helsinki, Finland) and twelve radiographs were exposed with the F1 iOX system (Fimet Oy, Monninkyl?, Finland) from low to high exposures covering the full exposure ranges of the systems. Radiographs obtained from the Dixi and F1 iOX systems were 12 bit and 8 bit images, respectively. Original radiographs were then processed for correction for attenuation and correction for attenuation and visual response. Thus, two series of radiographs were created. Ten viewers evaluated all the radiographs in the same random order under the same viewing conditions. The object detail having the lowest perceptible contrast was recorded for each observer. Perceptibility curves were plotted according to the mean of observer data. RESULTS: The perceptibility curves for processed radiographs obtained with the F1 iOX system are higher than those for originals in the exposure range up to the peak, where the curves are basically the same. For radiographs exposed with the Dixi system, perceptibility curves for processed radiographs are higher than those for originals for all exposures. Perceptibility curves show that for 8 bit radiographs obtained from the F1 iOX system, the contrast threshold was increased in processed radiographs up to the peak, while for 12 bit radiographs obtained with the Dixi system, the contrast threshold was increased in processed radiographs for all exposures. When comparisons were made between radiographs corrected for attenuation and corrected for attenuation and visual response, basically no differences were found. CONCLUSION: Radiographs processed for correction for attenuation and correction for attenuation and visual response may improve perception, especially for 12 bit originals.     

Aerosols for therapy and diagnosis

Aerosols are defined as any mixture of solid or liquid particles/droplets that are stable as a suspension in air. Aerosols influence the lives of a large majority of the population. A proportion of particulates exacerbate or induce lung disease. Other aerosols are used in the prevention or control of lung disease or in the investigation of disease. This review covers the mechanisms of deposition of aerosols, the production and sizing of aerosols, factors affecting the variability in output from nebulisers and the use of radionuclides in defining drug deposition from therapeutic nebulisers. Correspondence to: M.J. O'Doherty     

CI2 for creating and comparing confidence-intervals for time-series bivariate plots

Currently no method exists for calculating and comparing the confidence-intervals (CI) for the time-series of a bivariate plot. The study’s aim was to develop ‘CI2′ as a method to calculate the CI on time-series bivariate plots, and to identify if the CI between two bivariate time-series overlap. The test data were the knee and ankle angles from 10 healthy participants running on a motorised standard-treadmill and non-motorised curved-treadmill. For a recommended 10+ trials, CI2 involved calculating 95% confidence-ellipses at each time-point, then taking as the CI the points on the ellipses that were perpendicular to the direction vector between the means of two adjacent time-points. Consecutive pairs of CI created convex quadrilaterals, and any overlap of these quadrilaterals at the same time or ±1 frame as a time-lag calculated using cross-correlations, indicated where the two time-series differed. CI2 showed no group differences between left and right legs on both treadmills, but the same legs between treadmills for all participants showed differences of less knee extension on the curved-treadmill before heel-strike. To improve and standardise the use of CI2 it is recommended to remove outlier time-series, use 95% confidence-ellipses, and scale the ellipse by the fixed Chi-square value as opposed to the sample-size dependent F-value. For practical use, and to aid in standardisation or future development of CI2, Matlab code is provided. CI2 provides an effective method to quantify the CI of bivariate plots, and to explore the differences in CI between two bivariate time-series.